CN113957194A - Heating method and heating device for reducing gas of gas-based shaft furnace - Google Patents
Heating method and heating device for reducing gas of gas-based shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN113957194A CN113957194A CN202110985147.0A CN202110985147A CN113957194A CN 113957194 A CN113957194 A CN 113957194A CN 202110985147 A CN202110985147 A CN 202110985147A CN 113957194 A CN113957194 A CN 113957194A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 278
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 29
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/22—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by reforming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heating method and a heating device for reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace, belonging to the field of direct reduction. A method for heating the reducing gas of gas-base shaft furnace features that the reducing gas at least contains a hydrocarbon-rich gas, which is divided into two flows, the first one is rich in hydrocarbon and the second one is rich in hydrocarbon and/or non-hydrocarbon, the first one is burnt in combustion furnace under oxygen-poor condition and the second one is fed to combustion furnace, where the second one is heated by the heat generated by the combustion of the first one. The invention has simple equipment, low investment, no catalyst and no CO emission when heating the gas2And NOx。
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of direct reduction, and particularly relates to a heating method and a heating device for reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace.
Background
The gas-based shaft furnace direct reduction process is the direct reduced iron technology with the largest yield in the world. The direct reduced iron is used as a high-quality raw material used in industries such as electric furnaces, converters, blast furnaces, powder metallurgy and the like, and has been paid more and more attention by people in the national and metallurgical industries in recent years. The direct reduced iron is used as a raw material for electric furnace steelmaking, can improve the purity of molten steel, and is a high-quality raw material required by special steel smelting. Especially for electric furnace enterprises with unstable scrap steel quality, the direct reduced iron is added to dilute harmful elements in steel and stabilize the molten steel quality. The direct reduced iron does not use coke, and the iron ore does not need sintering, thereby saving coke coal resources, reducing two links of coking and sintering with the largest exhaust emission of iron and steel enterprises, and being more beneficial to environmental protection than a high furnace process. However, the existing gas-based shaft furnace process adopts tubular external heat to heat the reducing gas. This heating method has two major disadvantages: (1) addingThe heat pipe is high temperature resistant and expensive, a single heater usually needs hundreds of heating pipes, the investment is large, and (2) the combustion heating discharges a large amount of CO2And NOx。
Such as, application number: CN201910952204.8 entitled, a new reforming furnace for producing reducing gas, which is a reforming furnace comprising a radiant chamber box, reforming furnace tubes, burners, a transition section and a convection section, proposes that the main problem of gas-based reduced iron (commonly known as sponge iron) is to solve the production of reducing gas; the reforming furnace tubes are arranged in 2m rows and are vertically arranged in the radiation chamber box body in parallel; one row of reforming furnace tubes corresponds to one reforming raw material gas inlet branch main tube, each reforming raw material gas inlet branch main tube is provided with branches with the same number as that of each row of reforming furnace tubes, and the gas inlets of the reforming furnace tubes are connected with the reforming raw material gas inlet branch main tube through flexible tubes; the burners are arranged in a (2m +1) way and are arranged on the bottom wall plate below the radiation chamber; the gas outlet of the reforming furnace tube is connected with the cold wall branch pipe through an inclined tee; the transition section is that a plurality of transition section branch pipes are arranged above two side wall plates of the radiation chamber box body and led out to a transition section branch main pipe, and the two transition section branch main pipes are converged into a transition section main pipe at one end of the radiation chamber box body; the transition section header pipe is connected with the convection section, and the convection section is connected with the chimney through the induced draft fan; the convection section consists of more than or equal to 4 heat exchangers, and the heat exchangers are at least 4 of a flash evaporator, a reforming raw material preheater, a steam superheater, a desulfurization coke oven gas preheater, a top gas preheater and a combustion air preheater. The high temperature flue gas with 1200 ℃ at the outlet of the transition section recovers heat through the convection section, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to be below 100 ℃.
The technical scheme has the following problems: (1) the fuel is adopted for combustion and heating to cause exhaust emission; (2) because the reforming tubes are externally heated, the diameter of the reforming tubes is limited, and the volume of a single reforming tube is small and the number of the reforming tubes is large. As can be seen from the drawing of the patent, there are 70 reforming tubes 162 and 70 burners. This results in a large and complex radiant chamber heating system equipment; (3) the outlet temperature of the transition section is as high as 1200 ℃, which means that the temperature born by the reforming furnace tube is higher than 1200 ℃, the price of the reforming furnace tube and the combustor is very expensive, and a set of reforming furnace equipment usually needs hundreds of reforming furnace tubes, so the investment is overlarge; (4) the catalyst is expensive, the using amount is large, and the catalyst needs to be replaced periodically, so that the production and operation cost is high; (5) the transition section and the convection section for discharging the flue gas and utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas have large equipment and complex structure, and the investment cost is increased again.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a heating method and a heating device for reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace. The invention aims to reduce investment and not discharge CO when heating gas2And NOxAnd the equipment structure is simple. Other objects of the present invention will be pointed out hereinafter or will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the method adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for heating a reducing gas in a gas-based shaft furnace, the reducing gas comprising at least one hydrocarbon-rich gas, wherein the reducing gas is divided into two streams, the first stream being the hydrocarbon-rich gas and the second stream being the hydrocarbon-rich gas and/or a non-hydrocarbon gas, the first stream is burnt in a combustion furnace with oxygen and oxygen deficiency, the second stream is fed into the combustion furnace, and the second stream is heated by heat generated by combustion of the first stream in the furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
1) the hydrocarbon-rich reducing gas is heated by pure oxygen and oxygen-poor combustion in the combustion heating furnace, and the discharged CO is not generated2And NOxThe combustion products being predominantly H2And CO, gas is supplied for reduction in the shaft furnace;
2) the combustion heating furnace lining is made of refractory materials, the heating furnace has simple structure and low investment of a heating system;
3) compared with the combustion after the first flow gas and the second flow gas are mixed, the first flow hydrocarbon-rich reducing gas is independently combusted and heated under the condition of certain temperature at the outlet of the combustion heating furnace, so that the temperature for heating the first flow hydrocarbon-rich reducing gas is higher, and the improvement of the reforming of the first flow hydrocarbon into H is facilitated2And CO conversion, thereby increasing the hydrocarbon content of the first and second stream gasesThe total conversion of reforming. For example, when the first stream of hydrocarbon-rich reducing gas is heated to 1300 ℃ or higher, almost all of the hydrocarbons in the first stream of hydrocarbon-rich reducing gas are reformed into H2And CO, then adding a second flow gas, and reducing the temperature of the mixed gas to 1050 ℃. At this time, two cases are distinguished: (1) the second gas stream is a non-hydrocarbon gas, and almost all of the hydrocarbons in the total reducing gas are reformed to H at 1050 deg.C2And CO; (2) the second flow gas is still the hydrocarbon-rich gas component of the first flow, so that at 1050 ℃, the hydrocarbon in the hydrocarbon-rich reducing gas of the first flow is almost completely reformed into H2And CO, the hydrocarbon in the second stream of hydrocarbon-rich gas at a reforming conversion of 1050 ℃. If the first and second stream gases are mixed and then combusted to heat up to 1050 c, then the hydrocarbons in both the first and second stream gases are at reforming conversion at 1050 c.
4) When the second stream gas is non-hydrocarbon reducing gas, the first stream hydrocarbon-rich reducing gas is subjected to oxygen-free combustion in the combustion heating furnace by pure oxygen, and the hydrocarbon is reformed into the component H of the gas-based shaft furnace reducing gas2And CO, and a large amount of heat energy released simultaneously can also heat the second stream of non-hydrocarbon reducing gas, and the useful component H in the non-hydrocarbon reducing gas is not involved in combustion reaction2And no reduction in CO;
5) no catalyst is used, and the operation cost is reduced.
Preferably, the location of each gas type entering the combustion furnace is arranged such that the first stream and oxygen enter from the middle of the top of the combustion furnace and the second stream enters from the top around the first stream. Because the second flow of reducing gas is ambient temperature gas and is injected from the top of the furnace, the corrosion of the top of the furnace caused by high temperature can be reduced, and the service time of the top of the furnace and the surrounding refractory materials can be prolonged.
Further, at least a portion of the second stream reducing gas enters the furnace from around the lower portion of the furnace. And the temperature distribution in the furnace is promoted to be more uniform.
Still further, the first stream is enriched in hydrocarbon gas and oxygen in a positional relationship such that the oxygen is in the center and the outer layer is enveloped by the hydrocarbon-rich gas.
Still further, the outer layer of hydrocarbon rich gas is steam.
These measures facilitate the oxygen-deficient combustion of oxygen and hydrocarbon-rich reducing gas in a combustion furnace and the reforming of hydrocarbons
Preferably, the combustion temperature of the first flow gas is higher than 1300 ℃, and the flow of the second flow gas is controlled, so that the outlet temperature of the mixed gas of the combustion heating furnace is 900-1100 ℃. When the first hydrocarbon-rich gas is burnt in the absence of oxygen at the temperature of more than 1300 ℃, the hydrocarbon components of the first hydrocarbon-rich gas can be almost completely converted into H2And CO, and then adding second flow gas to ensure that the outlet temperature of the heating furnace reaches the requirement of 900-1100 ℃ of the gas-based shaft furnace.
Furthermore, the outlet pressure of the combustion heating furnace is 0.1 MPa-0.5 MPa. This is to increase the reforming conversion rate of hydrocarbon components in the furnace and to meet the pressure requirement of the gas-based shaft furnace for the reducing gas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the heating device adopts the following two technical schemes:
the first scheme is as follows: a heating device for reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace comprises a combustion heating furnace body, an exhaust port and a burner, wherein the burner is positioned on the furnace top in the combustion heating furnace, the burner is provided with two layers of passages, a central pipe is a pure oxygen passage, a sleeve outside the central pipe is a hydrocarbon-rich gas passage, the combustion heating furnace is also provided with a spray gun, the spray gun is communicated with a hydrocarbon-rich gas and/or non-hydrocarbon gas passage, and the spray gun is uniformly arranged around the burner on the furnace top and/or around the middle lower part of the combustion heating furnace body.
Scheme II: a heating device for reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace comprises a combustion heating furnace body, an exhaust port and a burner, wherein the burner is positioned on the top of the combustion heating furnace, the burner is provided with three layers of passages, a central pipe is a pure oxygen passage, a sleeve pipe outside the central pipe is a hydrocarbon-rich gas passage, and a sleeve pipe outside the hydrocarbon-rich gas sleeve pipe is a non-hydrocarbon gas passage.
Compared with the prior art, the device has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the combustion heating furnace has a simpler structure than a tubular heating furnace, a fine desulfurization system and a waste heat recovery system are omitted, and hundreds of expensive high-temperature resistant steel tubes and catalysts are avoided, so that the equipment investment and the operation cost are greatly reduced.
(2) Without external heat combustion system, and therefore CO2And NOxDischarging;
(3) the structure of the burner and the arrangement mode of the spray gun are favorable for reforming the hydrocarbon-rich gas, and the increase of the useful gas H in the non-hydrocarbon gas is avoided2And consumption of CO.
The preferable scheme of the first scheme and the second scheme of the device of the invention is as follows: a steam casing passage is added outside the hydrocarbon-rich gas casing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first construction of a heating device of a gas-based shaft furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second construction of the gas-based shaft furnace heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third construction of the gas-based shaft furnace heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fourth construction of the gas-based shaft furnace heating apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fifth construction of the gas-based shaft furnace heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sixth construction of the gas-based shaft furnace heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a seventh construction of the gas-based shaft furnace heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an eighth construction of the gas-based shaft furnace heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the furnace top of the gas based shaft furnace heating apparatus of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the furnace top of the gas based shaft furnace heating apparatus of FIG. 3 according to the present invention.
Labeled as: 1-a combustion heating furnace, 2-a burner, 3-a spray gun, 4-a combustion heating furnace exhaust port, 5-an oxygen pipeline, 6-a hydrocarbon-rich gas pipeline, 7-a steam pipeline, 8-a non-hydrocarbon gas pipeline, 21-a central pipeline, 22-a hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline I, 23-a steam casing pipeline, 24-a non-hydrocarbon gas casing pipeline and 25-a hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline II.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1 and 9, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first structure of a heating device of a gas-based shaft furnace according to the present invention. The invention relates to a heating device for reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace, which comprises a combustion heating furnace body 1, an exhaust port 4 and burners 2, wherein the burners 2 are positioned on the top of the combustion heating furnace 1, the burners 2 are positioned in the center of the top of the furnace, the number of the burners 2 is more than or equal to 1, and the structure uses 2 burners. The spray guns 3 are uniformly arranged around the burner 2, the number of the spray guns 3 is more than or equal to 1, and the structure uses 4 spray guns. The burner 2 comprises a central pipeline 21 and a hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline I22 sleeved outside the central pipeline, the central pipeline 21 is communicated with the oxygen pipeline 5, the hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline I22 outside the central pipeline is communicated with the hydrocarbon-rich gas pipeline 6, and the spray gun 3 is communicated with the non-hydrocarbon gas pipeline 8. The combustion heating furnace exhaust port 4 is located at the lower portion of the combustion heating furnace body 1.
The heating method of the gas-based shaft furnace reducing gas comprises the following steps that oxygen is introduced into a central pipeline 21 of a burner 2, steam is optionally mixed into the oxygen, coke oven gas is introduced into a hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline one 22 outside the central pipeline of the burner 2, 4 spray guns 3 are arranged around the 2 burners 2, the spray guns 3 introduce gas-based shaft furnace top purified gas, and the top purified gas is separated from CO2The coke oven gas and oxygen in the burner 2 are ignited, the coke oven gas is not completely combusted under the condition of pure oxygen and oxygen deficiency, the combustion temperature is higher than 1300 ℃, heat generated by combustion is transferred to gas-based shaft furnace top purified gas sprayed from 4 spray guns 3 arranged around the burner 2, the temperature of the reformed coke oven gas is reduced while the gas-based shaft furnace top purified gas is heated to form mixed gas, when the mixed gas flows out of an exhaust port 4 of a combustion heating furnace, the temperature reaches about 950 ℃, the pressure reaches 0.16MPa, and the mixed gas is sent to a gas-based shaft furnace for use. The flow velocity of the coke oven gas sprayed by the burner 2 is larger than that of the purified gas sprayed by the spray gun 3 from the top of the gas-based shaft furnace, which is beneficial to achieving the effect of the anoxic combustion of the coke oven gas. The top purified gas can not remove CO2Here CO2Reforming the hydrocarbon in the coke oven gas into H as an oxidant for reforming the hydrocarbon in the coke oven gas2And CO.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a second structure of the gas-based shaft furnace heating device of the present invention. The difference between the structure and the structure shown in fig. 1 is that a steam sleeve pipeline 23 of the burner 2 is communicated with a steam pipeline 7.
The difference between the heating method of the reducing gas of the gas-based shaft furnace in the structural proposal and the figure 1 is that steam is introduced into a steam sleeve pipeline 23 of a burner, and the steam has two functions, namely forming a gas wall to prevent oxygen from being in contact with the top purified gas of the non-hydrocarbon gas-based shaft furnace to combust, and avoiding reducing useful H in the top purified gas of the gas-based shaft furnace2And a CO content; secondly, the steam is helpful to reform the hydrocarbon component in the coke oven gas into H at high temperature2And CO.
Referring to fig. 3 and 10, fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a third structure of the gas-based shaft furnace heating device of the present invention. The invention relates to a heating device for reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace, which comprises a combustion heating furnace body 1, an exhaust port 4 and burners 2, wherein the burners 2 are positioned on the top of the combustion heating furnace 1, the burners 2 are positioned in the center of the top of the furnace, the number of the burners 2 is more than or equal to 1, and 1 burner is used in the structure. The burner 2 is provided with three layers of passages, a central pipeline 21 is communicated with an oxygen pipeline 5, a hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline I22 outside the central pipeline is communicated with a hydrocarbon-rich gas pipeline 6, and a non-hydrocarbon gas casing pipeline 24 of the burner 2 is communicated with a non-hydrocarbon gas pipeline 8. The combustion heating furnace exhaust port 4 is located at the lower portion of the combustion heating furnace body 1.
The heating method of the gas-based shaft furnace reducing gas in the structural scheme comprises the following steps that oxygen is introduced into a central pipeline 21 of a burner 2, natural gas is introduced into a hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline 22 outside the central pipeline of the burner 2, non-hydrocarbon gas casing pipeline 24 of the burner 2 is introduced into gas-based shaft furnace top purifying gas, the top purifying gas is not separated from CO2Igniting natural gas and oxygen in the burner 2, wherein the natural gas is not completely combusted under the condition of pure oxygen and oxygen deficiency, the combustion temperature is higher than 1400 ℃, heat generated by combustion is transferred to gas-based shaft furnace top purified gas sprayed out from the outermost ring of the burner 2, and CO in the top purified gas2Reforming hydrocarbons in natural gas to H as an oxidant for reforming hydrocarbons in natural gas2And CO. While heating the top of the gas-based shaft furnace to purify the gas, the temperature of the reformed natural gas is reduced to form mixed gas, and the mixed gas is subjected to gas purificationWhen the mixture flows out of the exhaust port 4 of the combustion heating furnace, the temperature reaches about 1050 ℃, the pressure reaches 0.41MPa, and the mixture is sent to a gas-based shaft furnace for use.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic view of a fourth structure of the gas-based shaft furnace heating device of the present invention. The invention relates to a heating device for reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace, which comprises a combustion heating furnace body 1, an exhaust port 4 and a burner 2, wherein the burner 2 is positioned at the center of the furnace top of the combustion heating furnace 1, the burner 2 is provided with four layers of passages, a central pipeline 21 is communicated with an oxygen pipeline 5, a hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline I22 outside the central pipeline is communicated with a hydrocarbon-rich gas pipeline 6, a steam casing pipeline 23 of the burner 2 is communicated with a steam pipeline 7, and a non-hydrocarbon gas casing pipeline 24 of the burner 2 is communicated with a non-hydrocarbon gas pipeline 8. The combustion heating furnace exhaust port 4 is located at the lower portion of the combustion heating furnace body 1.
The difference between the heating method of the gas-based shaft furnace reducing gas in the structural scheme and the scheme shown in the figure 3 is that a layer of sleeve is arranged between the hydrocarbon-rich gas sleeve and the non-hydrocarbon gas sleeve and is a steam passage, namely a steam sleeve pipeline 23 of the burner 2. The steam is introduced into the nozzle steam sleeve pipe 23, wherein the steam has two functions, namely forming a gas wall to prevent oxygen from being in contact with the non-hydrocarbon gas-based shaft furnace top purified gas for combustion, and avoiding reducing useful H in the gas-based shaft furnace top purified gas2And a CO content; and secondly, the steam is beneficial to reforming the hydrocarbon components in the coke oven gas at high temperature.
Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a fifth construction of the heating apparatus for a gas-based shaft furnace according to the present invention. The structure is different from the structure shown in figure 2 in that the spray guns 3 are positioned at the lower part of the combustion heating furnace body 1, the number of the spray guns 3 is more than or equal to 1, and the structure uses 2 spray guns to evenly arrange around the lower part of the combustion heating furnace body 1.
According to the structural scheme, the heating method of the gas-based shaft furnace reducing gas comprises the following steps that oxygen is introduced into a central pipeline 21 of a burner 2, steam is optionally mixed into the oxygen, coal bed gas is introduced into a hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline I22 outside the central pipeline of the burner 2, the coal bed gas and the oxygen in the burner 2 are ignited, the coal bed gas is incompletely combusted under the condition of pure oxygen and oxygen deficiency, the combustion temperature is higher than 1350 ℃, hydrocarbon in the coal bed gas reacts with the oxygen and the steam, and the coal bed gas is reformed into H2And CO, the heat generated by combustion is transferred to the top purified gas of the gas-based shaft furnace sprayed from 2 spray guns 3 at the lower part of the furnace body, and the CO is removed from the top purified gas2When the gas is purified at the top of the gas-based shaft furnace, the temperature of the reformed coal bed gas is reduced to form mixed gas, and when the mixed gas flows out of the exhaust port 4 of the combustion heating furnace, the temperature reaches about 1000 ℃ and the pressure reaches 0.3MPa, the mixed gas is sent to the gas-based shaft furnace for use. The steam is introduced into the steam sleeve pipeline 23 of the burner, so that the two functions are realized, namely, a gas wall is formed to reduce the damage of high temperature to the top and the upper furnace wall of the combustion heating furnace; and secondly, the steam is beneficial to reforming the hydrocarbon components in the coke oven gas at high temperature.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic view of a sixth structure of the gas-based shaft furnace heating device according to the present invention. This construction differs from that of figure 2 in that the lance 3 communicates with a hydrocarbon-rich gas line 6. For example, when coke oven gas is used as the hydrocarbon-rich gas, the coke oven gas and oxygen in the burner 2 are ignited and heated to 1300 ℃ or higher, and at this time, almost all of the hydrocarbon in the coke oven gas in the burner 2 is reformed into H in the presence of steam2And CO, transferring heat generated by combustion to the coke oven gas sprayed from 4 spray guns 3 arranged around the burner 2, heating the coke oven gas sprayed from the spray guns 3, reducing the temperature of the reformed coke oven gas to form mixed gas, and delivering the mixed gas to the gas-based shaft furnace for use when the mixed gas flows out of an exhaust port 4 of the combustion heating furnace, wherein the temperature reaches about 1100 ℃ and the pressure reaches 0.18 MPa. At this time, almost all of the hydrocarbons of the coke oven gas discharged from the burner 2 are reformed into H2And CO, the hydrocarbon of the coke oven gas sprayed from the spray gun 3 is partially reformed and converted into H2And CO.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic view of a seventh structure of the gas-based shaft furnace heating device of the present invention. The difference between the structure and the figure 6 is that a spray gun 3 is added at the lower part of the combustion heating furnace body 1, and the spray gun 3 is communicated with a non-hydrocarbon gas pipeline 8.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 7 is a schematic view of an eighth structure of the gas-based shaft furnace heating device of the present invention. The difference between the structure and the structure shown in FIG. 4 is that the second hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipe 25 of the burner 2 is communicated with the hydrocarbon-rich gas pipe 8. For example, the hydrocarbon-rich gas is ignited by using coke oven gasCoke oven gas in a hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline I22 of the burner 2 and oxygen in a central pipeline 21 of the burner 2 are not completely combusted under the condition of pure oxygen and oxygen deficiency, the combustion temperature is higher than 1400 ℃, and at the moment, under the participation of water vapor in a steam casing pipeline 23 of the burner 2, hydrocarbon in the coke oven gas is reformed into H2And CO, transferring heat generated by combustion to the coke oven gas sprayed out of the second hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline 25 of the burner 2, heating the coke oven gas sprayed out of the second hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline 25 of the burner 2, reducing the temperature of the gas reformed by the coke oven in the first hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipeline 22 of the burner 2 to form mixed gas, and when the mixed gas flows out of the exhaust port 4 of the combustion heating furnace, enabling the temperature to reach about 1050 ℃ and the pressure to reach 0.2MPa, and sending the mixed gas to the gas-based shaft furnace for use. At this time, almost all the hydrocarbon of the coke oven gas ejected from the hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipe line one 22 in the burner 2 is reformed into H2And CO, reforming and converting hydrocarbon part of the coke oven gas ejected from the second 25 hydrocarbon-rich gas casing pipe in the burner 2 into H2And CO.
The above-mentioned list is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and naturally those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations to the present invention, which should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention provided they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for heating a reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace, the reducing gas at least comprises a hydrocarbon-rich gas, and is characterized in that the reducing gas is divided into two flows, the first flow is the hydrocarbon-rich gas, the second flow is the hydrocarbon-rich gas and/or the non-hydrocarbon gas, the first flow is oxygen-deficient combustion of pure oxygen in a combustion heating furnace, the second flow is added into the combustion heating furnace, and the second flow is heated by heat generated by combustion of the first flow in the combustion heating furnace.
2. A method of heating a reducing gas for a gas-based shaft furnace according to claim 1, wherein the gas streams are introduced into the combustion furnace at a position where the first stream and the oxygen gas are introduced from the middle of the top of the combustion furnace and the second stream is introduced from the top of the combustion furnace around the first stream.
3. A method of heating a reducing gas for a gas-based shaft furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least a part of the second stream gas enters from the periphery of the lower part of the combustion heating furnace.
4. A method of heating a reducing gas for a gas-based shaft furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first stream of hydrocarbon-rich gas and the oxygen gas are in a positional relationship such that the oxygen gas is in the center and the outer layer is enveloped by the hydrocarbon-rich gas.
5. A method of heating a reducing gas for a gas-based shaft furnace according to claim 4, wherein the first stream of hydrocarbon-rich gas further comprises steam as an outer layer.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the combustion temperature of the first stream is higher than 1300 ℃, and the flow rate of the second stream is controlled so that the temperature of the mixed gas at the outlet of the combustion heating furnace is 900 ℃ to 1100 ℃.
7. A method of heating a reducing gas in a gas-based shaft furnace according to claim 6, wherein the mixed gas pressure at the outlet of the combustion heating furnace is 0.1MPa to 0.5 MPa.
8. A heating device for reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace comprises a combustion heating furnace body, an exhaust port and a burner, wherein the burner is positioned on the furnace top in the combustion heating furnace, and is characterized in that the burner is provided with two layers of passages, a central pipe is a pure oxygen passage, a sleeve outside the central pipe is a hydrocarbon-rich gas passage, the combustion heating furnace is also provided with a spray gun, the spray gun is communicated with a hydrocarbon-rich gas and/or non-hydrocarbon gas passage, and the spray gun is uniformly arranged around the burner on the furnace top and/or is positioned around the middle lower part of the combustion heating furnace body.
9. A heating device for reducing gas of a gas-based shaft furnace comprises a combustion heating furnace body, an exhaust port and a burner, wherein the burner is positioned on the top of the combustion heating furnace, and is characterized in that the burner is provided with three layers of passages, a central pipe is a pure oxygen passage, a sleeve pipe outside the central pipe is a hydrocarbon-rich gas passage, and a sleeve pipe outside the hydrocarbon-rich gas sleeve pipe is a non-hydrocarbon gas passage.
10. A heating device for reducing gas in a gas-based shaft furnace according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a steam passage is further provided outside the hydrocarbon-rich gas jacket.
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