CN113956853B - Method for regulating and controlling thermal performance of liquid metal composite material and liquid metal composite material - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling thermal performance of liquid metal composite material and liquid metal composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113956853B CN113956853B CN202111267465.XA CN202111267465A CN113956853B CN 113956853 B CN113956853 B CN 113956853B CN 202111267465 A CN202111267465 A CN 202111267465A CN 113956853 B CN113956853 B CN 113956853B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling the thermal performance of a liquid metal composite material and the liquid metal composite material. Compared with the prior art, the method realizes the mixing and preparation of the liquid metal composite material based on the fillers with different shapes and sizes, realizes the regulation and control of the thermal properties of the solid filler and the liquid metal composite material under the conditions of specified temperature, pressure intensity, environmental atmosphere, solvent and the like, has simple preparation, universal regulation and control means and wide application range, and can be used for the preparation of the thermal property material under different actual condition requirements, the design of the structure, the application of other multifunctional liquid metal matrix composite materials and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel functional materials, and relates to a method for regulating and controlling the thermal performance of a liquid metal composite material and the liquid metal composite material.
Background
The liquid metal has wide application prospects in aspects such as heat management systems, 3D printing, flexible conductors, soft robot systems and wearable energy devices. At present, on the one hand, effective and simple regulation and control of the thermal performance of liquid metal are needed; on the other hand, the liquid metal and the filler may be unevenly dispersed. Therefore, it is very important to achieve effective control of the thermal properties under the condition of uniformly dispersing the filler and the liquid metal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for regulating and controlling the thermal property of a liquid metal composite material and the liquid metal composite material.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
one of the technical schemes of the invention provides a method for regulating and controlling the thermal performance of a liquid metal composite material.
Further, the adjustment criteria for the solid filler are: the larger the specific surface area of the solid filler added in the same amount is, the smaller the thermal conductivity of the obtained liquid metal composite material is.
Further, the liquid metal is at least one of metal gallium, gallium-indium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy, metal mercury or metal rubidium.
Further, the solid filler is metal copper powder, metal nickel powder, metal iron powder, graphite flake or diamond.
Further, the solid filler has a size ranging from a nanometer scale to a millimeter scale.
Further, the shape of the solid filler is a sheet shape, a spherical shape, a linear shape, a branched shape or an irregular shape.
Furthermore, the temperature for stirring and dispersing is below the boiling point temperature of the liquid metal and above the supercooling temperature.
Further, the stirring dispersion is carried out in air or an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
The second technical scheme of the invention provides a liquid metal composite material which is compounded by liquid metal and high-heat-conductivity solid fillers dispersed in the liquid metal. Specifically, the material is prepared by stirring and dispersing liquid metal and high-heat-conductivity solid filler in air or oxygen-containing atmosphere. The temperature for stirring and mixing is below the boiling point temperature of the liquid metal and above the supercooling temperature.
Further, the liquid metal is at least one of metal gallium, gallium indium alloy, gallium indium tin alloy, metal mercury or metal rubidium, and may be liquid metal gallium indium alloy or the like.
Further, the solid filler is metal copper powder, metal nickel powder, metal iron powder, graphite flake or diamond, and can be selected from metal copper powder and the like.
Further, the solid filler has a size ranging from a nanometer scale to a millimeter scale.
Furthermore, the shape of the solid filler is a sheet shape, a spherical shape, a linear shape, a branch-leaf shape or an irregular shape, and the solid filler can be selected to be a spherical shape and has a spherical diameter of 100 micrometers.
The invention uses the shearing force of the stirring rod to disperse the filler to be mixed and the liquid metal. On one hand, a gallium oxide oxidation layer of liquid metal can be generated under the shearing action of the stirring rod, so that the filler to be mixed is uniformly dispersed in a liquid metal matrix to form a stable and uniform composite material; on the other hand, the stirring rod made of polytetrafluoroethylene cannot be adhered to the liquid metal, so that the yield of the material can be effectively improved. The fillers to be mixed are wrapped by oxide layers (substances of the oxide layers are gallium oxide and have low thermal conductivity) generated by oxidizing the liquid metal and are dispersed in the liquid metal matrix, and the fillers with different shapes and sizes have different specific surface areas, so that the required amount of the oxide layers is different, and finally the prepared liquid metal composite materials have different thermal conductivities, thereby realizing the regulation and control of the thermal performance of the liquid metal composite materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention adopts fillers with different sizes and shapes to be mixed in the liquid metal, and the appearance, the mechanical property, the thermal property and the like of the liquid metal are specially changed along with the different sizes, the different shapes or the different filler contents of the fillers.
(2) The invention realizes the uniform dispersion of the liquid metal and the solid filler by the shearing action of the stirring rod, and has wide application range.
(3) The invention realizes the mixing and preparation of the liquid metal composite material based on the shape and the size of the filler, and provides a wider method and thought for the preparation of the liquid metal matrix composite material.
(4) The invention can realize the regulation and control of the thermal properties of the solid filler and the liquid metal composite material under the conditions of specified temperature, pressure, environmental atmosphere, solvent and the like, and has wide research value.
(5) The method is simple in preparation, universal in regulation and control means and wide in application range.
(6) The invention can realize the preparation of thermal performance materials under different actual conditions, the design of structures, and the application of other multifunctional liquid metal matrix composite materials and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the production process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of copper powder of different shape used in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a SEM photograph of a composite material of the Ga-in alloy prepared in example 1 and copper powders of different shapes;
FIG. 4 is an optical photograph of the composite of the gallium-indium alloy prepared in example 1 and copper powders of different shapes;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of the thermal properties of the liquid metal Ga-in alloy prepared in example 1 after mixing copper powders of different shapes by the same process;
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph of spherical copper powder of different sizes used in example 2;
FIG. 7 is a SEM photograph of composite materials of Ga-in alloy and spherical copper powder of different sizes prepared in example 2;
FIG. 8 is an optical photograph of a composite of the gallium indium alloy prepared in example 2 and spherical copper powder of different sizes;
fig. 9 is a graph showing the variation of the thermal properties of the liquid metal gallium-indium alloy prepared in example 2 after mixing for different sizes of spherical copper powder by the same process.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all the conventional commercially available raw materials or conventional processing techniques in the art are indicated.
Example 1
The preparation process of this embodiment is as shown in fig. 1, and mainly includes a polytetrafluoroethylene container 1 and a polytetrafluoroethylene stirring rod 2 placed in the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1, during operation, the solid filler 3 and the liquid metal 4 are added into the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1, and are stirred and dispersed under the air condition, that is, the uniform mixing of the two is realized. The specific process is as follows:
(1) 10g of liquid metal gallium-indium alloy and 2g of spherical copper powder are added into a polytetrafluoroethylene container, the diameter of the spherical copper powder is 100 mu m, and the mixture is mixed and dispersed by using a stirring rod under the air condition. And then preparing the composite material of flake copper powder, dendritic copper powder, linear copper powder and liquid metal respectively under the same conditions and volume fractions (namely representing the volume ratio of the spherical copper powder in the liquid metal).
(2) Referring to fig. 1, under a polytetrafluoroethylene container and a stirring rod, liquid metal and copper powder are uniformly mixed without adhesion, the mixed liquid metal matrix composite is dried in a vacuum oven for 1 hour, air trapped in the composite due to stirring is removed, and the temperature of the vacuum oven is 25 ℃, so that a final product is obtained.
Fig. 2 shows a scanning electron microscope photograph of the composite material of copper powder of different shapes used, and gallium-indium alloy is mixed with the copper powder by the above process to regulate and control the thermal performance.
Fig. 3 shows a scanning electron micrograph of the composite of gallium-indium alloy and copper powders of different shapes prepared as described above, and it can be seen that the dispersion between the liquid metal and the copper powder is uniform by the above process.
Fig. 4 shows an optical photograph of the composite material of the gallium-indium alloy prepared above and copper powders of different shapes, and it can be seen that the mixed copper powders are completely wrapped in the liquid metal matrix by the above mixing process.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the change of the thermal properties of the liquid metal gallium indium alloy after the same process is performed on the copper powders with different shapes, and it can be seen that the thermal conductivity of the composite material formed by the copper fillers with different shapes and the liquid metal is different, and the linear copper filler and the spherical copper filler greatly contribute to the improvement of the thermal properties of the whole composite material, so that the thermal conductivity of the composite material can be adjusted and controlled. The spherical copper-liquid metal composite material prepared by the method can be suitable for heat dissipation application in a heat management system.
Example 2
In this example, 10g of liquid metal gallium-indium alloy was mixed with 25 μm spherical copper powder, 75 μm spherical copper powder, and 100 μm spherical copper powder, respectively, by the mixing method as in example 1, to prepare composite materials of gallium-indium alloy and spherical copper powder of different sizes. The rest is the same as in example 1.
Fig. 6 shows scanning electron micrographs of spherical copper powders of different sizes used in this example, with gallium indium alloy mixed with the copper powder to modulate thermal properties by the process described above. .
Fig. 7 shows a scanning electron micrograph of the composite of the gallium-indium alloy prepared above and spherical copper powders of different sizes, and it can be seen that the dispersion between the liquid metal and the spherical copper powders of different sizes is uniform by the above process.
Fig. 8 shows an optical photograph of the gallium-indium alloy prepared above and spherical copper powder composites of different sizes, and it can be seen that the mixed copper powder is entirely encapsulated in the liquid metal matrix by the above mixing process.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing the change of thermal properties of the liquid metal gallium indium alloy after the same process is carried out on the spherical copper powder with different sizes, and it can be seen that the thermal conductivity of the composite material formed by the spherical copper filler with different sizes and the liquid metal is different, and the spherical copper filler with larger size (100 μm spherical copper filler) has greater help to improve the thermal properties of the whole composite material, and the thermal conductivity of the composite material can be adjusted and controlled accordingly. The spherical copper (100 μm) -liquid metal composite prepared by this method may be suitable for heat dissipation applications in thermal management systems.
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in understanding and using the invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for regulating and controlling the thermal property of a liquid metal composite material is characterized in that liquid metal and solid filler are taken and placed in a container, stirred and dispersed, and the size and the shape of the added solid filler are regulated, so that the regulation and the control of the thermal property of the composite material are completed;
the adjustment criteria for the solid filler are: the larger the specific surface area of the solid filler with the same addition amount is, the smaller the thermal conductivity of the obtained liquid metal composite material is;
the liquid metal is at least one of metal gallium, gallium-indium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy, metal mercury or metal rubidium;
the solid filler is metal copper powder, metal nickel powder, metal iron powder, graphite flake or diamond;
the temperature for stirring and dispersing is below the boiling temperature of the liquid metal and above the supercooling temperature;
stirring and dispersing are carried out in air or oxygen-containing atmosphere.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid filler is in the form of flakes, spheres, wires, leaves or irregular shapes.
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| CN100537697C (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2009-09-09 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Nano-metal fluid with high heat transfer performance |
| CN101418210B (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2011-05-11 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Preparation method of metal liquid mixed with particles and having high heat transfer performance |
| CN103131396B (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2016-01-27 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Thermal interface material and manufacturing method thereof |
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