CN113956531A - Polymer-based composite material with water storage and photo-thermal water purification functions and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polymer-based composite material with water storage and photo-thermal water purification functions and preparation method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113956531A
CN113956531A CN202111121601.4A CN202111121601A CN113956531A CN 113956531 A CN113956531 A CN 113956531A CN 202111121601 A CN202111121601 A CN 202111121601A CN 113956531 A CN113956531 A CN 113956531A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
water
composite material
polymer
based composite
polyvinyl alcohol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202111121601.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN113956531B (en
Inventor
周建华
孙志强
苗蕾
陈欢
王潇漾
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guilin University of Electronic Technology
Original Assignee
Guilin University of Electronic Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guilin University of Electronic Technology filed Critical Guilin University of Electronic Technology
Priority to CN202111121601.4A priority Critical patent/CN113956531B/en
Publication of CN113956531A publication Critical patent/CN113956531A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN113956531B publication Critical patent/CN113956531B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/52—Amides or imides
    • C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
    • C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
    • C08J9/0023—Use of organic additives containing oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
    • C08J9/0071—Nanosized fillers, i.e. having at least one dimension below 100 nanometers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
    • C08J2201/048—Elimination of a frozen liquid phase
    • C08J2201/0484—Elimination of a frozen liquid phase the liquid phase being aqueous
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
    • C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2333/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
    • C08J2333/26—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
    • C08J2429/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C08J2429/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C08K3/041—Carbon nanotubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/07—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a polymer-based composite material with water storage and photothermal water purification functions and a preparation method thereof, wherein polyacrylamide is modified by glutaraldehyde cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol and polydopamine, and low-temperature polymerization and drying treatment are carried out to develop a photothermal conversion material with good water storage performance and stable evaporation performance.

Description

Polymer-based composite material with water storage and photo-thermal water purification functions and preparation method thereof
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a polymer-based composite material with water storage and photo-thermal water purification functions and a preparation method thereof.
Background art:
the realization of sewage treatment by solar water evaporation technology is an important method for solving the shortage of water resources. One factor affecting the photothermal conversion efficiency of the solar water evaporation system is the photothermal conversion material, and common photothermal conversion materials include nano metal materials, carbon-based materials, semiconductor materials, high polymer materials and the like. In addition to improving the luminous efficiency of the material, another strategy is to minimize the heat loss caused by heat conduction and maximize the energy utilization efficiency. And a porous material with low heat conductivity coefficient is used as a transmission channel of water, so that heat loss can be reduced, and stable transmission of water to the photo-thermal layer is ensured. In addition, the aperture of the water conveying channel is adapted to the evaporation surface, the heat diffusion of the evaporation surface is unbalanced due to the excessively small water conveying channel, and the evaporation surface is dried and shrunk due to the excessive heating of the solar evaporator, so that the service life of the solar evaporator is influenced.
In the continuous process of seawater desalination or sewage treatment, the continuously accumulated salt or pollutants can block the water delivery channel, thereby reducing the steam generation rate and the service life of materials, and limiting the large-scale use of the solar water evaporation system.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a polymer-based composite material with water storage and photothermal water purification functions and a preparation method thereof, wherein polyacrylamide is modified by glutaraldehyde cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol and polydopamine, and low-temperature polymerization and drying treatment are carried out to develop a photothermal conversion material with good water storage performance and stable evaporation performance.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a polymer-based composite material with water storage and photothermal water purification functions comprises the following steps:
1) putting polyvinyl alcohol powder into deionized water, stirring at 80 ℃ to prepare 0.5-3 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol solution, preferably 1.5-2.5 wt%, most preferably 2 wt%, then adding glutaraldehyde solution into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, stirring, then adding dopamine hydrochloride powder and Tris hydrochloride powder reagent, then adjusting the pH of the solution to 8.5 by using NaOH, and stirring for 24 hours to obtain precursor solution; the molar ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to glutaraldehyde to dopamine hydrochloride to Tris hydrochloride is 0.2-1.2: 2-20: 2-12: 1-6; preferably 0.8-1: 6-7.5: 4-5: 3-3.75.
2) Taking 5-15mL of the precursor solution obtained in the step 1), sequentially adding 50-200 μ L of carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, 1-3 g of acrylamide, 0.1-0.3 g N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.05-0.15 g of sodium bisulfite and 0.01-0.03 g of ammonium persulfate, stirring, and pouring into a mold;
3) standing the mould in the step 2), putting the mould into a freeze dryer for polymerization at-20 to-50 ℃ and drying for 20 hours, and taking out gel in the mould to obtain the polymer-based composite material with the functions of water storage and photo-thermal water purification.
The mould in the step 3) is kept still for no more than one hour, preferably 10 to 45 minutes, and the polymerization time is 2 hours.
The invention also protects the application of the polymer-based composite material with the functions of water storage and photothermal water purification, which is obtained by the preparation method, the polymer-based composite material can store water in the composite material by soaking in deionized water, and then the polymer-based composite material is used as a photothermal conversion material to realize solar photothermal steam conversion and is used for sewage treatment and seawater desalination, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: the polymer-based composite material is placed in a steam generating device based on surface local photo-thermal conversion for solar photo-thermal steam conversion, the steam generating device based on surface local photo-thermal conversion comprises a water container and a foam heat insulation layer fixed above the water container from bottom to top, a hole which is communicated from top to bottom is dug in the foam heat insulation layer, the polymer-based composite material is inserted into the hole, the lower end of the polymer-based composite material is contacted with water, and the water is conveyed to the top through a water conveying channel in the polymer-based composite material; distilled water or sewage or seawater is filled in the water container.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the preparation method is simple in preparation process, green and environment-friendly, and can be used for large-scale production.
2) The polymer-based composite material obtained by the invention has good hydrophilicity, and the three-dimensional porous structure prepared by using the low-temperature polymerization drying process not only ensures effective water delivery, but also increases multiple scattering of light and is beneficial to light absorption.
3) The polymer-based composite material obtained by the invention can store 6 times of water by weight per se and has the volume of 1kW m-2The cylindrical polymer matrix composite material evaporates the water stored in the material under the sunlight intensity, and the average evaporation rate of the material for continuous 8 hours is 4.66kg m- 2h-1。
4) The polymer-based composite material obtained by the invention has an absorptivity of 97% to sunlight within a range of 250-2500 nm.
5) The photothermal conversion material of the polymer-based composite material obtained by the invention is 1kW m-2The highest generation rate of photo-thermal steam can reach 3.03kg m under the sunlight intensity-2h-1。
6) The polymer-based composite material obtained by the invention can be used for sewage treatment, seawater desalination and the like.
In a word, the preparation process is simple, green and environment-friendly, the obtained polymer matrix composite has good hydrophilicity, can store 6 times of water by weight, and the three-dimensional porous structure prepared by the low-temperature polymerization drying process is beneficial to light absorption while effective water delivery is ensured; the absorption rate of the coating to sunlight within the range of 250-2500 nm reaches more than 97 percent and is 1kW m-2The highest generation rate of photo-thermal steam can reach 3.03kg m under the sunlight intensity-2h-1. Meanwhile, the polymer-based composite material obtained by the invention can be used for continuous seawater desalination or sewage treatment, and solves the problems that in the continuous seawater desalination or sewage treatment process in the prior art, salt or pollutants accumulated continuously can block a water delivery channel, so that the steam generation rate is reduced, and the service life of the material is prolonged.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of the microstructure of the polymer matrix composite obtained in example 2;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing an ultraviolet-visible light-near infrared absorption spectrum of the polymer-based composite obtained in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the swelling water retention rate of the polymer matrix composite obtained in example 2 in deionized water;
FIG. 4 shows the water absorption capacity of the polymer matrix composite obtained in example 2 at 1kW m-2Evaporation rate plot under light intensity:
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a surface-localized photothermal conversion-based steam generation device according to example 2 of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a plastic water container, 2, deionized water, 3, a polymer matrix composite material, 4 and heat insulation pearl wool foam;
FIG. 6 shows the results of example 7 at 1kW m for the polymer matrix composite obtained in example 2-2Under the light intensity, the evaporation rate chart of seawater desalination is simulated by using 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following is a further description of the invention and is not intended to be limiting.
Example 1: preparation method of polymer-based composite material with water storage and photo-thermal water purification functions
1) Putting 0.5g of polyvinyl alcohol powder into 100mL of deionized water, stirring the polyvinyl alcohol powder in a water bath at 80 ℃ to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol solution, then adding 50 mu L of glutaraldehyde solution into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, stirring the solution, then adding 0.1g of dopamine hydrochloride powder and 0.04g of Tris hydrochloride powder reagent into the solution, then adjusting the pH value of the solution to 8.5 by using NaOH, and stirring the solution for 24 hours to obtain a precursor solution;
2) taking 5mL of the precursor solution obtained in the step 1), sequentially adding 50 mu L of carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, 1g of acrylamide, 0.1g N, N' -methylene-bisacrylamide, 0.05g of sodium bisulfite and 0.01g of ammonium persulfate, stirring, and pouring into a mold;
3) standing the mould in the step 2) for 15min, putting the mould into a freeze dryer, polymerizing for 2h at-20 ℃ and drying for 20h, and taking out gel in the mould to obtain the polymer matrix composite.
Example 2:
reference example 1, except that: the step 1) is as follows: putting 2g of polyvinyl alcohol powder into 100mL of deionized water, stirring the polyvinyl alcohol powder in a water bath at 80 ℃ to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol solution, then adding 150 mu L of glutaraldehyde solution into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, stirring the solution, then adding 0.2g of dopamine hydrochloride powder and 0.12g of Tris hydrochloride powder reagent into the solution, then adjusting the pH value of the solution to 8.5 by using NaOH, and stirring the solution for 24 hours to obtain a precursor solution; the step 2) is as follows: taking 10mL of the precursor solution obtained in the step 1), sequentially adding 100 mu L of carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, 2g of acrylamide, 0.2g of N, N' -methylene-bisacrylamide, 0.1g of sodium bisulfite and 0.02g of ammonium persulfate, stirring, and pouring into a mold; and 3) standing the mould in the step 2) for 30min, putting the mould into a freeze dryer, polymerizing for 2h at-40 ℃, drying for 20h, and taking out the gel in the mould to obtain the polymer matrix composite.
The prepared polymer matrix composite material has good hydrophilicity, has a three-dimensional porous structure (shown in figure 1), and has an absorptivity of 97% to sunlight within a range of 250-2500 nm (shown in figure 2).
Example 3:
reference example 1, except that: the step 1) is as follows: putting 3g of polyvinyl alcohol powder into 100mL of deionized water, stirring in a water bath at 80 ℃ to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol solution, then adding 500 mu L of glutaraldehyde solution into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, stirring, then adding 0.6g of dopamine hydrochloride powder and 0.24g of Tris hydrochloride powder reagent, then adjusting the pH of the solution to 8.5 by using NaOH, and stirring for 24 hours to obtain a precursor solution; the step 2) is as follows: taking 15mL of the precursor solution obtained in the step 1), sequentially adding 200 mu L of carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, 3g of acrylamide, 0.3g N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.15g of sodium bisulfite and 0.03g of ammonium persulfate, stirring, and pouring into a mold; and 3) standing the mould in the step 2) for 45min, putting the mould into a freeze dryer, polymerizing for 2h at-30 ℃ and drying for 20h, and taking out the gel in the mould to obtain the polymer matrix composite.
Example 4:
reference example 1, except that: the step 1) is as follows: dripping 1mL of carbon nanotube dispersion liquid into 100mL of deionized water and stirring; the step 2) is as follows: taking 10mL of the mixed solution obtained in the step 1), sequentially adding 2g of acrylamide, 0.2g of N, N' -methylene-bisacrylamide, 0.1g of sodium bisulfite and 0.02g of ammonium persulfate, stirring, and pouring into a mold; and 3) standing the mould in the step 2) for 15min, putting the mould into a freeze dryer, polymerizing for 2h at-50 ℃ and drying for 20h, and taking out the gel in the mould to obtain the polymer matrix composite.
Example 5: swelling water storage experiment
The polymer-based composite material obtained in example 2 of the present invention can be swollen to store water when being put into deionized water, has a high water absorption speed, and can store 6 times of water by its own weight (as shown in fig. 3). The cylindrical polymer-based composite material with the diameter of 18mm and the height of 54mm absorbs water, and the light intensity of the cylindrical polymer-based composite material is 1kW m after the cylindrical polymer-based composite material is filtered by a simulated sunlight light source through an AM1.5 optical filter-2The humidity is 50 +/-2%, and the temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃ under the laboratory environment for 8 hours. Meanwhile, the relationship between the liquid loss amount and the time is recorded in real time by using an electronic balance. As shown in FIG. 4, the average evaporation rate for 8 consecutive hours was 4.66kg m-2h-1。
Example 6: steam generation experiment
The polymer-based composite materials obtained in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention were irradiated with light for a certain period of time by a self-made experimental apparatus (as shown in FIG. 5) to generate a certain amount of steam.
As shown in fig. 5, the steam generating device based on surface local light-heat conversion comprises a water container and a foam heat insulation layer fixed above the water container from bottom to top, wherein a hole which is communicated from top to bottom is dug in the foam heat insulation layer, a polymer matrix composite material is inserted into the hole, the lower end of the polymer matrix composite material is contacted with water, and the water is conveyed to the top through a water conveying channel in the polymer matrix composite material; deionized water is filled in the water container.
The specific experimental conditions were as follows: the steam liquid is 50ml of deionized water, and the light intensity is 1kW m after the light is filtered by an AM1.5 light filter by a simulated sunlight light source-2The humidity is 50 +/-2%, and the temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃ under the laboratory environment for 1 h. Meanwhile, the relationship between the liquid loss amount and the time is recorded in real time by using an electronic balance.
The steam generation rate is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 steam Generation Experimental data
Polymer matrix composites Evaporation rate (kgm)-2h-1)
Example 1 2.08
Example 2 3.03
Example 3 2.15
Example 4 1.50
Example 7: simulation seawater desalination experiment
The polymer-based composite material obtained in example 2 of the present invention can generate a certain amount of steam after being irradiated for a certain period of time by a self-made experimental apparatus (as shown in fig. 5).
The specific experimental conditions were as follows:
the vapor liquid is 50ml of 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, and the light intensity is 1kW m after the light source of the simulated sunlight is filtered by an AM1.5 optical filter-2The humidity is 50 +/-2%, and the temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃ under the laboratory environment for 1 h. Meanwhile, the relationship between the liquid loss amount and the time is recorded in real time by using an electronic balance.
The polymer matrix composite material in the embodiment 2 has good hydrophilicity and a three-dimensional porous structure, and the absorption rate of sunlight in the range of 250-2500 nm reaches 97%, so that the polymer matrix composite material obtains an excellent simulated seawater steam generation rate, as shown in fig. 6, the evaporation rate reaches 2.50kg m-2h-1And can be used for seawater desalination.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of a polymer-based composite material with water storage and photothermal water purification functions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) adding polyvinyl alcohol powder into deionized water, stirring at 75-85 ℃ to prepare 0.5-3 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding glutaraldehyde solution into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, stirring, adding dopamine hydrochloride powder and Tris hydrochloride powder reagents, adjusting the pH of the solution to 8.5 by using NaOH, and stirring for 20-24 hours to obtain a precursor solution; the molar ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to glutaraldehyde to dopamine hydrochloride to Tris hydrochloride is 0.2-1.2: 2-20: 2-12: 1-6;
2) taking 5-15mL of the precursor solution obtained in the step 1), sequentially adding 50-200 μ L of carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, 1-3 g of acrylamide, 0.1-0.3 g N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.05-0.15 g of sodium bisulfite and 0.01-0.03 g of ammonium persulfate, stirring, and pouring into a mold;
3) standing the mould in the step 2), putting the mould into a freeze dryer at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ to minus 50 ℃ for polymerization and drying for 18-24h, and taking out gel in the mould to obtain the polymer-based composite material with the functions of water storage and photothermal water purification.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 1.5 to 2.5 wt% of the polyvinyl alcohol solution.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol solution is a 2 wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the glutaraldehyde, the dopamine hydrochloride and the Tris hydrochloride in the step 1) is 0.8-1: 6-7.5: 4-5: 3-3.75.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mold in step 3) is left to stand for not more than one hour and the polymerization time is 2 hours.
6. The production method according to claim 5, wherein the mold in the step 3) is left standing for 10 to 45 minutes.
7. The application of the polymer-based composite material with the functions of water storage and photothermal water purification obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-6 is characterized in that the polymer-based composite material is soaked in deionized water to store water in the composite material, and then the polymer-based composite material is used as a photothermal conversion material to realize solar photothermal steam conversion and is used for continuous sewage treatment and seawater desalination.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: the polymer-based composite material is placed in a steam generating device based on surface local photo-thermal conversion for solar photo-thermal steam conversion, the steam generating device based on surface local photo-thermal conversion comprises a water container and a foam heat insulation layer fixed above the water container from bottom to top, a hole which is communicated from top to bottom is dug in the foam heat insulation layer, the polymer-based composite material is inserted into the hole, the lower end of the polymer-based composite material is contacted with water, and the water is conveyed to the top through a water conveying channel in the polymer-based composite material; distilled water or sewage or seawater is filled in the water container.
CN202111121601.4A 2021-09-24 2021-09-24 Polymer-based composite material with water storage and photo-thermal water purification functions and preparation method thereof Active CN113956531B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111121601.4A CN113956531B (en) 2021-09-24 2021-09-24 Polymer-based composite material with water storage and photo-thermal water purification functions and preparation method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111121601.4A CN113956531B (en) 2021-09-24 2021-09-24 Polymer-based composite material with water storage and photo-thermal water purification functions and preparation method thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113956531A true CN113956531A (en) 2022-01-21
CN113956531B CN113956531B (en) 2022-12-16

Family

ID=79462135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111121601.4A Active CN113956531B (en) 2021-09-24 2021-09-24 Polymer-based composite material with water storage and photo-thermal water purification functions and preparation method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113956531B (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105254916A (en) * 2015-09-30 2016-01-20 西南交通大学 Preparation method for oxidized graphene-poly-dopamine composite aerogel
CN109232968A (en) * 2018-07-23 2019-01-18 桂林电子科技大学 A kind of preparation method and applications of three-dimensional sponge base photothermal conversion materiat
WO2019053638A1 (en) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-21 Huasheng Graphite Stock Corporation Limited Photothermal distillation apparatus
CN110218354A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-09-10 海南大学 A kind of polyvinyl alcohol carbon nanotube gel rubber material for photo-thermal Steam Reforming
CN110483813A (en) * 2019-09-09 2019-11-22 南昌航空大学 A kind of preparation method of room temperature photo-thermal selfreparing hydrogel
US20210069639A1 (en) * 2018-05-17 2021-03-11 King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology Water vapor harvesting materials and devices

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105254916A (en) * 2015-09-30 2016-01-20 西南交通大学 Preparation method for oxidized graphene-poly-dopamine composite aerogel
WO2019053638A1 (en) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-21 Huasheng Graphite Stock Corporation Limited Photothermal distillation apparatus
US20210069639A1 (en) * 2018-05-17 2021-03-11 King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology Water vapor harvesting materials and devices
CN109232968A (en) * 2018-07-23 2019-01-18 桂林电子科技大学 A kind of preparation method and applications of three-dimensional sponge base photothermal conversion materiat
CN110218354A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-09-10 海南大学 A kind of polyvinyl alcohol carbon nanotube gel rubber material for photo-thermal Steam Reforming
CN110483813A (en) * 2019-09-09 2019-11-22 南昌航空大学 A kind of preparation method of room temperature photo-thermal selfreparing hydrogel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113956531B (en) 2022-12-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111171340A (en) Photo-thermal evaporation material based on PVA hydrogel and preparation and application thereof
Su et al. Nature sunflower stalk pith with zwitterionic hydrogel coating for highly efficient and sustainable solar evaporation
CN107606593B (en) Steam generation device based on surface local photo-thermal conversion
CN110105917B (en) Photo-thermal composite material and preparation method and application thereof
Wang et al. Recent progress on the solar‐driven interfacial evaporation based on natural products and synthetic polymers
CN107487801B (en) Preparation method of porous charcoal piece for realizing efficient photo-thermal steam conversion
CN110183572B (en) Aerogel, preparation method and application of aerogel as solar evaporator
CN111116976A (en) Nanofiber aerogel-based solar water evaporator and preparation method thereof
CN113549228B (en) Solar evaporation body based on controllable closed-pore hydrogel and preparation method thereof
CN113527828B (en) Amphoteric polyelectrolyte photo-thermal hydrogel, and preparation and application thereof
CN113860413B (en) Solar evaporator based on biomass hydrogel/nano carbon material and application thereof
CN113247979A (en) Solar photo-thermal utilization system
CN114156093B (en) N/O co-doped molybdenum sulfide@porous carbon composite electrode material and preparation method and application thereof
AU2020101283A4 (en) Method for Manufacturing Straw-Based Activated Carbon Electrode Material for Super Capacitor with Energy Storage Efficiency Enhanced Through Acid Mine Drainage
CN114100533B (en) Self-floating wood-based hydrogel photo-thermal evaporator and preparation method and application thereof
CN113956531B (en) Polymer-based composite material with water storage and photo-thermal water purification functions and preparation method thereof
CN113024884B (en) Composite quaternary hydrogel capable of realizing high solar evaporation rate and preparation method thereof
CN114106783A (en) Bio-based composite phase change material, preparation method and application method thereof
CN113416342B (en) Polymer membrane with hierarchical porous structure and preparation method and application thereof
CN106315659B (en) A kind of CuCS nano-bar materials for ultracapacitor and preparation method thereof
CN214570875U (en) Solar evaporation system capable of ensuring high evaporation rate
CN113428923A (en) Solar interface evaporation structure and preparation method thereof
CN114314719A (en) Composite evaporation rod based on interface evaporation and application thereof
CN112093790A (en) Preparation method and application of porous carbonized sugarcane capable of realizing efficient photo-thermal conversion
CN110437496A (en) A kind of polysiloxanes aerogel composite and its preparation method and application for high-efficiency water evaporating

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant