CN113955988A - Large-volume concrete block, pouring construction method and poured dam - Google Patents
Large-volume concrete block, pouring construction method and poured dam Download PDFInfo
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- CN113955988A CN113955988A CN202111212019.9A CN202111212019A CN113955988A CN 113955988 A CN113955988 A CN 113955988A CN 202111212019 A CN202111212019 A CN 202111212019A CN 113955988 A CN113955988 A CN 113955988A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/40—Foundations for dams across valleys or for dam constructions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
- E02D2300/002—Concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0026—Metals
- E02D2300/0029—Steel; Iron
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0051—Including fibers
- E02D2300/0064—Including fibers made from metal
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of concrete construction, and particularly discloses a large-volume concrete block, a pouring construction method and a poured dam. The mass concrete block is obtained by tamping holes on the surface of the mass concrete block which is not solidified after concrete slurry is poured, 3-12 holes are required on the surface of the mass concrete block per square meter, and the diameter of each hole is controlled to be 0.5-3 cm; the concrete slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of steel fiber, 15-20 parts of fine aggregate, 35-40 parts of coarse aggregate, 0.1-0.3 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 1-3 parts of rust inhibitor and 6-12 parts of water; the rust inhibitor is selected from amino alcohol rust inhibitors. The application of bulky concrete piece has the effect of resisting the temperature crack, can effectively improve the flexural strength of bulky concrete piece and prevent the fracture performance.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of concrete construction, in particular to a large-volume concrete block, a pouring construction method and a poured dam.
Background
The concrete with large volume is concrete in mass, and is specified in the 'construction standard for large volume concrete' GB50496-2018 in China: mass concrete with concrete structure body minimum geometric dimension not less than 1m, or concrete which is expected to cause harmful crack generation due to temperature change and shrinkage caused by hydration of cementing material in concrete, is called large volume concrete.
The modern buildings often involve mass concrete construction, such as high-rise building foundations, large equipment foundations, water conservancy dams and the like. It is mainly characterized by large volume, and the size of any direction of the minimum section is at least 1 m. Its surface coefficient is smaller, the cement hydration heat release is more concentrated, and its internal temp. rise is faster. However, when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the mass concrete is large, the mass concrete can generate temperature cracks, and the structural safety and the normal use are influenced. Therefore, the mass concrete still has certain room for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the flexural strength and the anti-cracking performance of the large-volume concrete block, the application provides the large-volume concrete block, a pouring construction method and a poured dam.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a mass concrete block, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a mass concrete block is obtained by tamping holes on the surface of the mass concrete block which is not solidified after concrete slurry is poured, wherein 3-12 holes are required on the surface of the mass concrete block per square meter, and the hole diameter of each hole is controlled to be 0.5-3 cm;
the concrete slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30-40 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of steel fiber, 15-20 parts of fine aggregate, 35-40 parts of coarse aggregate, 0.1-0.3 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 1-3 parts of rust inhibitor and 6-12 parts of water; the rust inhibitor is selected from amino alcohol rust inhibitors.
By adopting the technical scheme, the Portland cement added with the steel fibers is compounded with the graded fine aggregate and the graded coarse aggregate, so that the local heat conducting property of the concrete can be effectively improved, meanwhile, as a plurality of holes are formed in the surface of the large-volume concrete block, the heat in the large-volume concrete block can be transferred to the vicinity of the holes by virtue of the heat conducting property of the steel fibers, the heat can be dissipated by virtue of the heat exchange between the colder medium (such as air, normal temperature water, cooling water and the like) in the holes and the large-volume concrete block with higher temperature, and simultaneously, under the action of the flowing of the air (or the flowing of other colder medium caused by external force), the higher temperature blocked in the large-volume concrete can be diffused to the peripheral side of the holes of the large-volume concrete block and the outer side wall of the large-volume concrete block and then further diffused into the air (or other colder medium), therefore, the temperature cracks caused by large-volume concrete blocks due to large internal and external temperature difference can be reduced, and the breaking strength and the cracking resistance of the large-volume concrete blocks are effectively improved.
Preferably, the steel fiber is selected from one or more of hook-shaped steel fiber, corrugated steel fiber, press prismatic steel fiber and bundling steel fiber.
Preferably, the steel fiber is selected from 304 stainless steel and/or 316 stainless steel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, crotch shape steel fibre, wave form steel fibre, press prismatic steel fibre and bundling steel fibre all are the steel fibre structure of surface unevenness, and the steel fibre of adding above-mentioned surface unevenness can effectively improve the firmness of combining between steel fibre and coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and the portland cement, and the bulky concrete block after the solidification can further promote holistic tensile strength and rupture strength because of the existence of above-mentioned steel fibre.
Preferably, the polycarboxylic acid water reducer is one or more of a ZM-4B type polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, a SUNBO SMF-1013 high-efficiency water reducer and a DRX-C2 type polycarboxylic acid water reducer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ZM-4B type polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, the SUNBO SMF-1013 high-efficiency water reducing agent and the DRX-C2 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent are common polycarboxylic acid water reducing agents, and the components in the water reducing agent can be adsorbed on the surface of concrete, so that the coagulation structure formed by charged cement particles disappears, and the plasticity and the rheological property of the concrete can be effectively improved.
Preferably, the cement is P.O 42.5 ordinary portland cement.
Preferably, the fine aggregate is fresh water sand or machine-made sand, the fineness modulus of the fine aggregate is 2.3-3, and the mud content is less than or equal to 1%; the coarse aggregate is graded broken stone with the grain diameter of 5-40 mm.
Preferably, the mass concrete block after casting molding contains at least two porous stainless steel plates arranged at intervals, two adjacent porous stainless steel plates are bound and fixed by steel bars, and the holes are communicated with or partially communicated with the openings of the porous stainless steel plates.
By adopting the technical scheme, the porous stainless steel plate is arranged in the mass concrete block, and the inner reinforcement framework structure formed after the porous stainless steel plate is fixedly bound can improve the overall mechanical strength of the mass concrete block, and can utilize the heat conduction performance of the porous stainless steel plate to assist the steel fibers doped in the concrete slurry formula, so that higher temperature in the mass concrete block can be conducted to the outside of the mass concrete block, and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the mass concrete block is reduced to within 20 ℃, thereby further reducing the problem of cracking of the mass concrete block caused by the temperature difference between the inside and the outside.
Preferably, two adjacent porous stainless steel plates have a plurality of steel reinforcement cages between them, steel reinforcement cage and porous stainless steel plate adopt the ribbon ligature to fix.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the existence of steel reinforcement cage has improved the mechanical strength of bulky concrete piece on the one hand, and on the other hand can also help the inside heat conduction of bulky concrete piece, has further improved the inside radiating effect of bulky concrete piece.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for casting and constructing a mass concrete block, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a large-volume concrete block pouring construction method comprises the following operation steps:
binding a reinforcement cage, erecting at least two porous stainless steel plates on two sides of the reinforcement cage, and binding and fixing by using a binding belt to obtain a reinforcement cage;
according to the formula, 30-40 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of steel fiber, 15-20 parts of fine aggregate, 35-40 parts of coarse aggregate, 0.1-0.3 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 1-3 parts of rust inhibitor and 6-12 parts of water are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain concrete slurry;
performing formwork erecting operation on the periphery of the steel reinforcement framework, pouring concrete slurry into the formwork after the formwork is fixed, standing for 2-5 hours at normal temperature, performing hole tamping treatment on the surface of the unset mass concrete block, and then performing filling operation on the surface of the mass concrete block after hole tamping;
standing at 15-30 deg.C for 24-50 hr, removing the template, soaking in water at 20-25 deg.C and 93-98% relative humidity for 14-28 days, and making into mass concrete block.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preparation process flow is simple, and simultaneously, the concrete slurry prepared by mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, steel fiber, polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and water can ensure the mechanical strength of the large-volume concrete block after hole tamping, and can improve the breaking strength and the anti-cracking performance of the large-volume concrete block by utilizing the structures such as the hole tamping, the steel fiber, the porous stainless steel plate, the reinforcement cage and the like.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a dam, which adopts the following technical solution:
a dam comprises a dam foundation, a dry masonry protective surface and a grouted masonry retaining wall, wherein the dry masonry protective surface and the grouted masonry retaining wall are cast on the dam foundation, and the dam foundation is cast by the large-volume concrete block casting construction method.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dam foundation poured by the large-volume concrete block has the effects of preventing temperature cracks, enhancing the tensile strength and mechanical strength of the dam foundation and the like.
Preferably, still fixed being provided with the protection slope towards the river course slope on the dykes and dams basis, the protection slope has seted up the recess on being close to the lateral wall on dykes and dams basis, is equipped with the lug that is used for the joint recess on dykes and dams basis, the lug is with dykes and dams basis integrated into one piece pouring shaping.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the design that utilizes lug and recess can effectively promote the intensity of being connected between dykes and dams basis and the protection slope, effectively reduces and leads to preventing the circumstances of bank protection slope body and dykes and dams basis alternate segregation to take place because of protection slope self action of gravity gliding to the joint strength and the connection stability of whole dykes and dams have been improved.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the application of bulky concrete piece has the effect of resisting the temperature crack, can effectively improve the flexural strength of bulky concrete piece and prevent the fracture performance.
2. This application can be conducted outside bulky concrete piece with the higher temperature that is located bulky concrete piece through porous corrosion resistant plate, steel reinforcement cage that add to and the steel fibre of doping in concrete slurry formula, reduces the inside and outside difference in temperature of bulky concrete piece to within 20 ℃, can further reduce the problem of bulky concrete piece fracture that the inside and outside difference in temperature arouses from this.
3. The preparation process flow of the concrete block is simple, and simultaneously, the concrete slurry prepared by mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, steel fiber, polycarboxylic acid water reducer and water can ensure the mechanical strength of the mass concrete block after hole tamping, and can improve the integral flexural strength and anti-cracking performance of the mass concrete block by utilizing structures such as hole tamping, steel fiber, porous stainless steel plates, reinforcement cages and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the bulk concrete mass of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the dam according to the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a hole; 2. a porous stainless steel plate; 3. a reinforcement cage; 4. a steel reinforcement cage; 5. a dam foundation; 6. protecting the surface by dry building blocks; 7. grouting and building a block stone retaining wall; 8. slope protection is prevented; 9. a groove; 10. and (4) a bump.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-2 and examples.
The raw materials used in the examples of the present application are all commercially available products, except for the following specific descriptions.
The aminoalcohol rust inhibitor is selected from the aminoalcohol rust inhibitor (produced area; Shandong, with a content of 99% liquid) with a model number of cy-157870 from Shandong Chang Yao new materials Co.
The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is selected from a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent (pH is 5-7, solid content is 30%, and transparent to light yellow liquid) with the model of ZM-4B, manufactured by Didizi chemical engineering Co., Ltd, Huainan city.
The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is selected from Huzhou Tiansheng chemical trade company Limited, and is a high-efficiency water reducing agent (brand is Tiansheng, grey white powder, the content is 99 percent) with the model of SUNBO SMF-1013.
The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is selected from a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent (25 kg/bag of Beijing Derexing, powder) with the model of DRX-C2, which is manufactured by Beijing Derexing science and technology Limited.
The anti-rust paint is selected from Shanghai beautiful jade new material science and technology limited company with the product number of LOCTITE SF 7625 (the product number is Hangaoletai, the effective substance is 100 percent, and the anti-rust paint is milky latex paint).
The high molecular water-absorbent resin is selected from SAP-50 (manufactured by Wohanghan Kenren pharmaceutical chemical Co., Ltd.) (brand of DAHUA, daily chemical grade, Wohan, appearance white particles, abbreviated as SAP, pH 6-6.5).
The compound fertilizer is selected from calcium ammonium nitrate compound fertilizer (CAS number 15245-12-2, brand name Jinhao, white particles) from Jinhao chemical Limited.
The rooting agent is selected from Kangpolyphenol plant rooting agent (white crystal, south arrow brand and 98% content) of Wuhan new jade Carnik science and technology Limited company.
Examples 1 to 8
Example 3
A mass concrete block is obtained by tamping holes on the surface of an unset mass concrete block after concrete slurry is poured, and the mass concrete block is required to be uniformly distributed with 9 holes 1 per square meter of the mass concrete block surface, and the hole diameter of each hole 1 is controlled to be about 1cm, referring to figure 1. The large-volume concrete block after pouring forming contains two porous stainless steel plates 2 arranged at intervals, two adjacent porous stainless steel plates 2 are bound and fixed by plastics, and the holes 1 are communicated with the hole parts of the porous stainless steel plates 2. A plurality of reinforcement cages 3 are arranged between two adjacent porous stainless steel plates 2, and the reinforcement cages 3 and the porous stainless steel plates 2 are bound and fixed by steel wires.
The concrete slurry in this example includes the components and amounts shown in table 1. Wherein the fine aggregate is fresh water sand (river sand) and machine-made sand, the fineness modulus of the fine aggregate is 2.3, and the mud content is about 0.8-1%; the coarse aggregate is graded broken stone with the grain diameter of 5-20 mm.
The large-volume concrete block pouring construction method comprises the following operation steps:
1) binding a reinforcement cage, erecting two porous stainless steel plates 2 on two sides of the reinforcement cage 3, sequentially forming a combined structure of the porous stainless steel plates 2, the reinforcement cage 3 and the porous stainless steel plates 2, and binding and fixing by using steel wires as a binding belt to obtain a reinforcement cage 4;
2) immersing the steel fibers in water for deashing and washing, dewatering and drying, immersing the steel fibers in the antirust paint, manually stirring for 2.5 minutes, taking out and drying to finish the pretreatment of the steel fibers;
3) mixing portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a rust inhibitor, water and the pretreated steel fibers according to the formula shown in the table 1, and uniformly stirring to obtain concrete slurry;
4) performing formwork erecting operation on the periphery of the steel reinforcement framework 4, pouring concrete slurry into the formwork after the formwork is fixed, standing for 3 hours at normal temperature, performing hole tamping treatment on the surface of the unset mass concrete block, and then performing filling operation on the surface of the mass concrete block after hole tamping;
5) standing for 48 hours at the temperature of 20 ℃, removing the template, and soaking and curing for 28 days under the conditions that the temperature is 22 ℃ and the relative humidity is 95 percent to prepare the mass concrete block.
Example 2
A mass concrete block, which is different from example 1 in that: the large-volume concrete block after pouring forming contains three porous stainless steel plates 2 arranged at intervals, two adjacent porous stainless steel plates 2 are bound and fixed by plastics, and the holes 1 are communicated with the open pores of the porous stainless steel plates 2. A plurality of reinforcement cages 3 are arranged between two adjacent porous stainless steel plates 2, and the reinforcement cages 3 and the porous stainless steel plates 2 are bound and fixed by plastic bands. Wherein, each square meter of large-volume concrete block surface has 3 holes 1, and the hole diameter of each hole 1 is controlled at about 3 cm.
The components and amounts of the concrete slurry were varied, and the components and amounts of the concrete slurry in this example are shown in table 1. Wherein the fine aggregate is fresh water sand (river sand) and machine-made sand, the fineness modulus of the fine aggregate is 3, and the mud content is less than or equal to 1%; the coarse aggregate is graded broken stone with the grain diameter of 5-40 mm.
The large-volume concrete block pouring construction method comprises the following operation steps:
1) binding a reinforcement cage, erecting two porous stainless steel plates 2 on two sides of the reinforcement cage 3, superposing one reinforcement cage 3 on one side of the porous stainless steel plate 2 on one side, attaching a layer of porous stainless steel plate 2, sequentially forming a combined structure of the porous stainless steel plate 2, the reinforcement cage 3, the porous stainless steel plate 2, the reinforcement cage 3 and the porous stainless steel plate 2, and binding and fixing by adopting a plastic binding belt to obtain a reinforcement cage 4;
2) immersing the steel fiber in water to carry out deashing and washing treatment, and finishing the pretreatment of the steel fiber after dewatering and airing;
3) mixing portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a rust inhibitor, water and the pretreated steel fibers according to the formula shown in the table 1, and uniformly stirring to obtain concrete slurry;
4) performing formwork erecting operation on the periphery of the steel reinforcement framework 4, pouring concrete slurry into the formwork after the formwork is fixed, standing for 5 hours at normal temperature, performing hole tamping treatment on the surface of the unset mass concrete block, and then performing filling operation on the surface of the mass concrete block after hole tamping;
5) standing for 24 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃, removing the template, and soaking and curing for 14 days under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 98 percent to prepare the mass concrete block.
Example 3
A mass concrete block, which is different from example 1 in that: the large-volume concrete block is obtained by tamping holes on the surface of the large-volume concrete block which is not solidified after concrete slurry is poured, 12 cylindrical holes 1 are required to be formed in each square meter of the surface of the large-volume concrete block, and the diameter of each hole 1 is controlled to be about 0.5 cm.
The components and the amounts of the concrete slurry described above are different, and the components and the amounts of the concrete slurry in this example are shown in table 1. Wherein the fine aggregate is fresh water sand (river sand), the fineness modulus of the fine aggregate is 2.7, and the mud content is about 0.5%; the coarse aggregate is graded broken stone with the grain diameter of 5-10 mm.
The large-volume concrete block pouring construction method comprises the following operation steps:
1) binding a reinforcement cage by using a steel wire as a binding belt and fixing to obtain a reinforcement cage 4;
2) immersing the steel fibers in water for deashing and washing, dewatering and drying, immersing the steel fibers in the antirust paint, manually stirring for 2 minutes, taking out and drying to finish the pretreatment of the steel fibers;
3) mixing portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a rust inhibitor, water and the pretreated steel fibers according to the formula shown in the table 1, and uniformly stirring to obtain concrete slurry;
4) performing formwork erecting operation on the periphery of the steel reinforcement framework 4, pouring concrete slurry into the formwork after the formwork is fixed, standing for 2 hours at normal temperature, performing hole tamping treatment on the surface of unset mass concrete blocks, and then performing filling operation on the surface of the mass concrete blocks after hole tamping;
5) standing for 50 hours at the temperature of 15 ℃, removing the template, and soaking and curing for 28 days under the conditions that the temperature is 20 ℃ and the relative humidity is 93 percent to prepare the mass concrete block.
Examples 4 to 7
A mass concrete block, which is different from example 1 in that: the components and amounts of the concrete slurry were varied, and the components and amounts of the concrete slurry in this example are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 concrete slurries examples 1-7 compositions and amounts (kg)
Example 8
A mass concrete block which differs from example 7 in that: the steel fiber is selected from 316 stainless steel and 304 stainless steel with a weight ratio of 1: 1.
Application examples 1 to 4
Application example 1
A dam, referring to FIG. 2, comprising a dam foundation 5, a dry masonry protection surface 6, a grouted masonry retaining wall 7 and a protection slope 8, which are cast on the dam foundation 5, wherein the dam foundation 5 is cast by the method of casting large-volume concrete blocks according to example 1. The protection slope 8 is arranged in an inclined manner towards the river channel direction and is used for resisting the impact of the river water billows so as to achieve the effect of reducing water and soil loss.
Application example 2
A dam differing from application example 1 in that: the dam foundation 5 is cast by the method of casting a large-volume concrete block according to example 7. Referring to fig. 2, the protection slope 8 is inclined toward the river, a rectangular groove 9 is formed in the side wall of the protection slope 8 close to the dike foundation 5, a projection 10 for engaging with the groove 9 is formed on the dike foundation 5, and the projection 10 is integrally cast with the dike foundation 5.
Application example 3
A dam differing from application example 2 in that: the dam foundation 5 is cast by the method of casting a large-volume concrete block according to example 2. Wherein, a plurality of holes on the bulky concrete piece of protection slope 8 link up the setting to as the water permeability protection slope of dykes and dams basis 5.
Application example 4
A dam differing from application example 2 in that: the dam foundation 5 is cast by the method of casting a large-volume concrete block according to embodiment 8. Wherein, a plurality of holes on the large-volume concrete block of the protective slope 8 are not arranged in a complete penetration way, a solid large-volume concrete layer with 0.8 +/-0.3 m is left at the bottom of the hole, and greening vegetation (such as bermuda grass) is planted after the holes which are arranged in the non-penetration way are filled with high molecular water-absorbent resin, compound fertilizer, rooting agent and water and is used as greening concrete protective slope of the dam foundation 5.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
A mass concrete block which differs from example 7 in that: the concrete slurry formulation does not contain steel fibers and is replaced by equal amounts of glass fibers.
Comparative example 2
A mass concrete block which differs from example 7 in that: the surface of the mass concrete block is not subjected to the tamping treatment.
Comparative example 3
A mass concrete block which differs from example 7 in that: the surface of the large-volume concrete block is uniformly distributed with 15 holes 1, and the diameter of each hole 1 is controlled to be about 1 cm.
Comparative example 4
A mass concrete block which differs from example 7 in that: the surface of the large-volume concrete block is uniformly distributed with 9 holes 1, and the diameter of each hole 1 is controlled to be about 5 cm.
Performance detection analysis
Test one: detection of compression and compression strength
Test subjects: the mass concrete blocks prepared in examples 1 to 8 were used as test samples 1 to 8, and the mass concrete blocks prepared in comparative examples 1 to 4 were used as control samples 1 to 4.
The test method comprises the following steps: the 7d compressive strength (MPa), the 28d compressive strength (MPa) and the 7d flexural strength (MPa) of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were measured according to GB/T50081-2002 Standard test methods for mechanical Properties of ordinary concrete.
TABLE 2
Combining examples 1-8, comparative examples 1-4 and commercial products 1-2 and combining Table 2, one can see: the 7d compressive strength, 28d compressive strength, and 7d flexural strength of examples 1-8 were all greater on average than comparative examples 1-4 and commercial products 1-2. From this, it was found that the bulk concrete mass after the steel fibers and the hole forming treatment not only retained good mechanical strength (compressive strength and flexural strength), but also improved crack resistance.
Combining example 7, comparative examples 3-4 and table 2, one can see: the number of the holes formed in the surface of the mass concrete block is less than 3 or more than 12, the integral mechanical strength is greatly reduced when the aperture is less than 0.5cm or more than 3cm, and the surface is also subjected to unobvious cracks, so that the surface of the mass concrete block can be determined to be provided with 3-12 holes, and the compression resistance, the folding resistance, the cracking resistance and other effects are better when the size of each hole is within the range of 0.5-3 cm.
The specific embodiments are merely illustrative of the present application and are not restrictive of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the embodiments as required without any inventive contribution thereto after reading the present specification, but only protected by the patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The mass concrete block is characterized in that the mass concrete block is obtained by tamping holes on the surface of the mass concrete block which is not solidified after concrete slurry is poured, 3-12 holes (1) are required to be formed on the surface of the mass concrete block per square meter, and the hole diameter of each hole (1) is controlled to be 0.5-3 cm;
the concrete slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30-40 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of steel fiber, 15-20 parts of fine aggregate, 35-40 parts of coarse aggregate, 0.1-0.3 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 1-3 parts of rust inhibitor and 6-12 parts of water; the rust inhibitor is selected from amino alcohol rust inhibitors.
2. The mass of claim 1, wherein the steel fibers are selected from one or more of hook-shaped steel fibers, corrugated steel fibers, pressed prismatic steel fibers, and bundled steel fibers.
3. The mass concrete block as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polycarboxylic acid water reducer is one or more of ZM-4B type polycarboxylic acid high performance water reducer, SUNBO SMF-1013 high efficiency water reducer and DRX-C2 type polycarboxylic acid water reducer.
4. A mass concrete block according to claim 1, wherein said cement is p. O42.5 portland cement.
5. The mass concrete block as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fine aggregate is fresh water sand or machine-made sand, the fineness modulus of the fine aggregate is 2.3-3, and the mud content is less than or equal to 1%; the coarse aggregate is graded broken stone with the grain diameter of 5-40 mm.
6. The mass concrete block according to claim 1, wherein the mass concrete block after casting comprises at least two porous stainless steel plates (2) arranged at intervals, two adjacent porous stainless steel plates (2) are bound and fixed by steel bars, and the holes (1) are communicated with or partially communicated with the openings of the porous stainless steel plates (2).
7. A mass concrete block according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of reinforcement cages (3) are arranged between two adjacent perforated stainless steel plates (2), and the reinforcement cages (3) and the perforated stainless steel plates (2) are bound and fixed by using a binding belt.
8. The method for casting and constructing the mass concrete block according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
binding a reinforcement cage (3), erecting at least two porous stainless steel plates (2) at two sides of the reinforcement cage (3), and binding and fixing by using a binding belt to obtain a reinforcement cage (4);
according to the formula, 30-40 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of steel fiber, 15-20 parts of fine aggregate, 35-40 parts of coarse aggregate, 0.1-0.3 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 1-3 parts of rust inhibitor and 6-12 parts of water are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain concrete slurry;
performing formwork erecting operation on the periphery of the steel reinforcement framework (4), pouring concrete slurry into the formwork after the formwork is fixed, standing for 2-5 hours at normal temperature, performing hole tamping treatment on the surface of the unset mass concrete block, and then performing filling operation on the surface of the mass concrete block after hole tamping;
standing at 15-30 deg.C for 24-50 hr, removing the template, soaking in water at 20-25 deg.C and 93-98% relative humidity for 14-28 days, and making into mass concrete block.
9. A dike comprising a dike foundation (5), a dry masonry panel (6) and a grouted masonry retaining wall (7) cast on the dike foundation (5), wherein the dike foundation (5) is cast by a mass concrete block casting method according to claim 8.
10. The dike according to claim 9, wherein the dike foundation (5) is further fixedly provided with a protection slope (8) inclining towards the river channel, the side wall of the protection slope (8) close to the dike foundation (5) is provided with a groove (9), the dike foundation (5) is provided with a projection (10) for clamping the groove (9), and the projection (10) is integrally cast with the dike foundation (5).
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