CN113951914A - PET (positron emission tomography) equipment and clock synchronization method and device thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the specification provides a PET device and a clock synchronization method and device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: transmitting a synchronization signal to a plurality of detector modules of the PET device; acquiring a feedback signal, wherein the feedback signal reflects whether the signals received by the plurality of detector modules are consistent with the synchronous signal; judging whether the synchronization among the plurality of detector modules is successful or not based on the feedback signal; in response to a synchronization failure between the plurality of detector modules, resending the synchronization signal to the plurality of detector modules.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular, to a clock synchronization method and apparatus for a PET device.
Background
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high specificity, good safety and the like, and is widely applied to the medical field. When a detector of a PET apparatus receives a pair of photons generated by positron annihilation, the corresponding detector module needs to measure the time when the photon arrives at the detector module, and in order to ensure time consistency, the detector modules need to be aligned in time.
It is therefore desirable to provide a method of clock synchronization for a PET apparatus to clock the detector modules.
Disclosure of Invention
One aspect of the present specification provides a clock synchronization method of a PET apparatus. The method comprises the following steps: transmitting a synchronization signal to a plurality of detector modules of the PET device; acquiring a feedback signal, wherein the feedback signal reflects whether the signals received by the plurality of detector modules are consistent with the synchronous signal; and judging whether the synchronization among the plurality of detector modules is successful or not based on the feedback signal.
In some embodiments, the synchronization signal comprises a pulse sequence having pulse parameters including at least one of pulse width, pulse interval, number of pulses, pulse period, pulse edge, pulse amplitude, pulse waveform.
In some embodiments, the transmitting a synchronization signal to a plurality of detector modules of the PET apparatus comprises: and respectively sending the synchronous signals to the plurality of detector modules through cables with equal lengths.
In some embodiments, the determining whether the synchronization between the plurality of detector modules is successful based on the feedback signal includes: in response to a received signal of at least one of the plurality of detector modules not being consistent with the synchronization signal, determining that synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET device has failed and re-transmitting the synchronization signal to the plurality of detector modules; in response to the signals received by the plurality of detector modules each coinciding with the synchronization signal, determining that synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET device is successful.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: and responding to the successful synchronization among the plurality of detector modules, and acquiring data acquired by the detector after the successful synchronization for PET imaging.
In some embodiments, obtaining the feedback signal comprises: detecting whether the signals received by the plurality of detector modules are consistent with the synchronous signals; and acquiring the feedback signal based on the detection result.
Another aspect of the present specification provides a clock synchronization apparatus of a PET device. The device comprises: a synchronization signal generation unit for generating a synchronization signal; a control unit for controlling the synchronization signal generation unit to transmit the synchronization signals to a plurality of detector modules of the PET apparatus; acquiring a feedback signal, wherein the feedback signal reflects whether the signals received by the plurality of detector modules are consistent with the synchronous signal; judging whether the synchronization among the plurality of detector modules is successful or not based on the feedback signal; and controlling the synchronous signal generation unit to send the synchronous signals to the plurality of detector modules again in response to the synchronization failure among the plurality of detector modules.
In some embodiments, the synchronization signal comprises a pulse sequence having pulse parameters including at least one of pulse width, pulse interval, number of pulses, pulse period, pulse edge, pulse amplitude, pulse waveform.
In some embodiments, the synchronization signal generation unit sends the synchronization signals to the plurality of detector modules through cables of equal length, respectively.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: the detection unit is used for detecting whether the signals received by the plurality of detector modules are consistent with the synchronous signals; generating a corresponding feedback signal based on the detection result; sending the feedback signal to the control unit.
Another aspect of the present description provides a PET apparatus. The apparatus comprises: a detector comprising a plurality of detector modules for data acquisition; the clock synchronization device as described above, configured to perform clock synchronization on the plurality of detector modules.
Another aspect of the present specification provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method as described above when executing the computer program.
Another aspect of the present specification provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when read by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described above.
Drawings
The present description will be further explained by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail by way of the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not intended to be limiting, and in these embodiments like numerals are used to indicate like structures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary application scenario of a clock synchronization method in accordance with some embodiments of the present description;
FIG. 2 is an exemplary block diagram of a clock synchronization apparatus of a PET device according to some embodiments of the present description;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow chart of a method of clock synchronization of a PET device according to some embodiments shown herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary PET apparatus shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present description;
FIG. 5 is an exemplary flow chart of a method for clock synchronization of a PET device according to further embodiments of the present description.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only examples or embodiments of the present description, and that for a person skilled in the art, the present description can also be applied to other similar scenarios on the basis of these drawings without inventive effort. Unless otherwise apparent from the context, or otherwise indicated, like reference numbers in the figures refer to the same structure or operation.
It should be understood that "system", "apparatus", "unit" and/or "module" as used herein is a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels. However, other words may be substituted by other expressions if they accomplish the same purpose.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not intended to be inclusive in the singular, but rather are intended to be inclusive in the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that steps and elements are included which are explicitly identified, that the steps and elements do not form an exclusive list, and that a method or apparatus may include other steps or elements.
Flow charts are used in this specification to illustrate operations performed by systems according to embodiments of the specification, with relevant descriptions to facilitate a better understanding of medical imaging methods and/or systems. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in the exact order in which they are performed. Rather, the various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Meanwhile, other operations may be added to the processes, or a certain step or several steps of operations may be removed from the processes. The technical solutions disclosed in the present specification will be explained in detail by the description of the drawings.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a relatively advanced clinical examination imaging technique in the medical field. In PET imaging, a radionuclide is injected into a target object, so that a substance (generally, a substance necessary for metabolism of a living organism, such as glucose, protein, nucleic acid, fatty acid, etc.) in the target object is labeled with a short-lived radionuclide (e.g., F18, carbon 11, etc.). After being injected into human body, the radioactive nuclide releases positrons in the decay process, and a positron travels several tenths of millimeters to several millimeters and meets an electron to be annihilated, so that a pair of photons in opposite directions is generated. The detector of the PET equipment can detect the photon pair, further analyze the existence of positrons, and obtain a three-dimensional image reflecting the gathering condition of the radionuclide in the target object body through the same analysis processing on different positrons, thereby achieving the purpose of diagnosis.
When a detector of a PET apparatus receives a pair of photons generated by positron annihilation, the corresponding detector module needs to measure the time when the photons reach the detector module, and in order to ensure time consistency, the detector modules need to be aligned in time. In some embodiments, the communication cable may be used to connect the detector modules of the PET device and simultaneously transmit a synchronization signal to the detector modules via the communication cable, and the detector modules may set the local clock to zero according to the received synchronization signal, thereby completing clock synchronization between the detector modules. However, in some poor working conditions, external interference, for example, a spatial magnetic field of the PET device and/or electrical interference generated by the detector modules themselves, may cause one or more of the detector modules of the PET device to receive a synchronization signal that is triggered by mistake, or cause the synchronization signal received by the detector modules to overlap noise and be inconsistent with the transmitted synchronization signal due to the external interference, thereby causing the detector modules to fail to synchronize.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a clock synchronization method for a PET apparatus is provided, where after a synchronization signal is sent to detector modules, whether a signal received by each detector module is consistent with the sent synchronization signal is detected, and then it is determined whether synchronization of all the detector modules of the PET apparatus is successful, and in response to a synchronization failure between the detector modules, that is, a synchronization failure of at least one of the plurality of detector modules, the synchronization signal is sent to each detector module of the PET apparatus again until synchronization of all the detector modules is successful. By using a signal handshake mechanism to ensure the reliability of sending the synchronous signal, the interference of the outside to the synchronous signal can be reduced, and the success rate of clock synchronization is improved.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary application scenario of a clock synchronization method according to some embodiments of the present description.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, imaging system 100 may include an imaging device 110, a processing device 120, a terminal 130, a storage device 140, and a network 150.
The imaging device 110 may be used to scan a target object or a portion thereof located within its detection area and generate a medical image relating to the target object or portion thereof. In some embodiments, the target object may include a biological object and/or a non-biological object. For example, the target object may include a particular portion of the body, such as the head, chest, abdomen, coronary arteries, etc., or any combination thereof. As another example, the target object may be an artificial composition of organic and/or inorganic matter, living or non-living. In some embodiments, the medical image data related to the target object may include projection data, one or more scan images, etc. of the target object.
In some embodiments, the imaging apparatus 110 may include a non-invasive biomedical imaging device for disease diagnosis or research purposes. For example, the imaging device 110 may include a single modality scanner and/or a multi-modality scanner. The single modality scanner may include, for example, an ultrasound scanner, an X-ray scanner, a Computed Tomography (CT) scanner, a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner, an ultrasound tester, a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner, an Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) scanner, an Ultrasound (US) scanner, an intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) scanner, a near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) scanner, a Far Infrared (FIR) scanner, or the like, or any combination thereof. The multi-modality scanner may include, for example, an X-ray imaging-magnetic resonance imaging (X-ray-MRI) scanner, a positron emission tomography-X-ray imaging (PET-X-ray) scanner, a single photon emission computed tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (SPECT-MRI) scanner, a positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scanner, a digital subtraction angiography-magnetic resonance imaging (DSA-MRI) scanner, or the like. The scanners provided above are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this description. As used herein, the term "imaging modality" or "modality" broadly refers to an imaging method or technique that collects, generates, processes, and/or analyzes imaging information of a target object.
In some embodiments, imaging device 110 may include modules and/or components for performing imaging and/or correlation analysis. In some embodiments, the imaging device 110 may include accessory components and an imaging component. The accessory components refer to various imaging component-supporting facilities designed to meet the requirements of clinical diagnosis and treatment, and may include, for example, mechanical equipment such as an examination bed, a diagnostic bed, a catheter bed, a photographic bed, and the like, various supports, suspension components, a brake component, a holding component, a grid, a filter plate, a shutter, and the like. In some embodiments, the imaging assembly may take a variety of forms, for example, a digital imaging assembly may include a detector, a computer system, image processing software, and the like; other imaging components may include a fluorescent screen, a film cassette, an image intensifier, a video television, and the like.
In some embodiments, data acquired by the imaging device 110 (e.g., scan data of a target object) may be communicated to the processing device 120 for further analysis. Additionally or alternatively, data acquired by imaging device 110 may be sent to a terminal device (e.g., terminal 130) for display and/or a storage device (e.g., storage device 140) for storage.
In some embodiments, the imaging device 110 may be a PET device. A PET device can image by measuring a pair of photons produced by positron annihilation. In some embodiments, the detectors of a PET device may contain multiple detector modules, and a pair of photons produced by positron annihilation may be received by two different detector modules. A pair of photons generated by positron annihilation is detected by two different detector modules, a connecting line between two detector crystals corresponding to the pair of photons is called a response line, an event that the detector module receives a pair of photons of the same positron annihilation event is called a coincidence event, and data related to the pair of photons received by the detector module (such as time information and energy information of the received photons and crystal positions of the corresponding detector modules) is corresponding coincidence event data.
It is to be noted that the PET apparatus described in the embodiments of the present specification is not limited to the positron emission tomography apparatus itself, and may include various types of positron emission tomography apparatuses such as a positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scanner, a positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (PET-MR), and the like.
The terminal 130 may include a mobile device 131, a tablet computer 132, a notebook computer 133, and the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the terminal 130 may interact with other components in the imaging system 100 through the network 150. For example, the terminal 130 may transmit data such as patient basic information, scan parameters, etc. input by the operator to the imaging device 110 through the network 150. For another example, the terminal 130 may also receive a scanned image acquired by the imaging device 110 via the network 150 and display the scanned image for analysis and confirmation by an operator. In some embodiments, the mobile device 131 may include smart home devices, wearable devices, mobile devices, virtual reality devices, augmented reality devices, and the like, or any combination thereof.
In some embodiments, storage device 140 may be connected to network 150 to enable communication with one or more components in imaging system 100 (e.g., imaging device 110, processing device 120, terminal 130, etc.). One or more components in the imaging system 100 may read data or instructions in the storage device 140 over the network 150. In some embodiments, storage device 140 may be part of processing device 120 or may be separate and directly or indirectly coupled to processing device 120.
The network 150 may include any suitable network capable of facilitating information and/or data exchange for the imaging system 100. In some embodiments, one or more components of imaging system 100 (e.g., imaging device 110, processing device 120, terminal 130, storage device 140, etc.) may exchange information and/or data with one or more components of imaging system 100 over network 150. In some embodiments, the network 150 may include one or a combination of a public network (e.g., the internet), a private network (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN)), etc.), a wired network (e.g., ethernet), a wireless network (e.g., an 802.11 network, a wireless Wi-Fi network, etc.), a cellular network (e.g., a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network), a frame relay network, a Virtual Private Network (VPN), a satellite network, a telephone network, a router, a hub, a server computer, etc. In some embodiments, network 150 may include one or more network access points.
It should be noted that the above description of the imaging system 100 is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present description. Various modifications and adaptations may occur to those skilled in the art in light of this disclosure. However, such changes and modifications do not depart from the scope of the present specification. For example, the imaging device 110 may comprise communication means for data communication with the detector module and/or with the processing device 120, the terminal 130.
FIG. 2 is an exemplary block diagram of a clock synchronization apparatus of a PET device according to some embodiments described herein.
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the clock synchronization apparatus 200 of the PET device may include a synchronization signal generation unit 210, a control unit 220, and a detection unit 230.
The synchronization signal generation unit 210 may be used to generate a synchronization signal. In some embodiments, the synchronization signal generation unit 210 may generate the synchronization signal based on an operation instruction issued by the control unit 220. In some embodiments, the synchronization signal generation unit 210 may send the generated synchronization signals to a plurality of detector modules of an imaging device (e.g., a PET device) based on operational instructions under the control unit 220. In some embodiments, the synchronization signal generation unit 210 may transmit the synchronization signals to the plurality of detector modules of the imaging device through cables having equal lengths, respectively. In some embodiments, the synchronization signal may comprise a pulse sequence having pulse parameters, the pulse sequence comprising at least two single pulse signals. In some embodiments, the pulse parameters may include at least one of pulse width, pulse interval, number of pulses, pulse period, pulse edge, pulse amplitude, pulse shape, and the like.
The control unit 220 may be used to control the detector modules of the imaging device for clock synchronization. In some embodiments, the control unit 220 may control the synchronization signal generation unit 210 to generate a corresponding synchronization signal based on a preset pulse parameter. In some embodiments, the control unit 220 may control the synchronization signal generation unit 210 to transmit synchronization signals to a plurality of detector modules of an imaging device (e.g., a PET device). In some embodiments, the control unit 220 may acquire a feedback signal, determine whether synchronization between the plurality of detector modules is successful based on the feedback signal, and control the synchronization signal generation unit 210 to re-transmit the synchronization signal to the plurality of detector modules in response to synchronization failure between the plurality of detector modules. The feedback signal may reflect whether the signal received by the detector module is consistent with the synchronization signal sent by the synchronization signal generating unit 210. In some embodiments, the control unit 220 may determine that synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET device has failed in response to the signal received by at least one of the plurality of detector modules not being consistent with the synchronization signal transmitted by the synchronization signal generation unit 210; in response to the signals received by the plurality of detector modules and the synchronization signal sent by the synchronization signal generation unit 210 all being identical, it is determined that the synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET apparatus is successful.
The detection unit 230 may be used to detect whether the signal received by the detector module is consistent with the synchronization signal sent by the synchronization signal generation unit 210. In some embodiments, the detection unit 230 may generate a corresponding feedback signal based on the detection of the signal received by the detector module, which is sent to the control unit 220. For example, if the detecting unit 230 detects that the signal received by the detector module is consistent with the transmitted synchronization signal, indicating that the detector module receives the correct synchronization signal, it may return a fixed feedback signal indicating that the synchronization is successful to the control unit 220 through the cable, so as to inform the control unit 220 that the detector module has correctly received the synchronization signal; if it is detected that the signal received by the detector module is inconsistent with the transmitted synchronization signal, indicating that noise interference may be superimposed on the synchronization signal received by the detector module during synchronization, a feedback signal indicating synchronization failure may be returned to the control unit 220.
For more contents related to the functions of the synchronization signal generating unit 210, the control unit 220 and the detecting unit 230, reference may be made to fig. 3 and the related description thereof in this specification, and details are not repeated here.
It should be noted that the above description of the clock synchronization apparatus 200 is for illustrative purposes only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present description. Various modifications and adaptations may occur to those skilled in the art in light of this disclosure. However, such changes and modifications do not depart from the scope of the present specification. For example, in some embodiments, the clock synchronization apparatus 200 may further include a communication module for data communication with the detector module and/or with the processing device 120, the terminal 130. As another example, the clock synchronization apparatus 200 may include one or more additional modules, such as a memory module for data storage.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow chart of a method of clock synchronization of a PET device shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present description.
The process 300 may be performed by the imaging system 100 (e.g., the imaging device 110 or the processing device 120), the clock synchronizer 200, or the PET device 400. For example, the flow 300 may be implemented as a set of instructions (e.g., a computer program) stored in a memory external to the imaging system 100 or clock synchronizer 200 or PET device 400 and accessible by the imaging system 100 or clock synchronizer 200 or PET device 400. The imaging system 100 or the clock synchronizer 200 or the PET device 400 may execute a set of instructions and, when executing the instructions, may be configured to perform the flow 300. The operational schematic of flow 300 presented below is illustrative. In some embodiments, the process may be accomplished with one or more additional operations not described and/or one or more operations not discussed. Additionally, the order in which the operations of flow 300 are illustrated in FIG. 3 and described below is not intended to be limiting.
In step 310, a synchronization signal is transmitted to a plurality of detector modules of the PET apparatus. In some embodiments, step 310 may be performed by the imaging system 100, the clock synchronizer 200 (e.g., the synchronization signal generation unit 210), or the PET device 400 (e.g., the synchronization signal generation board).
In some embodiments, the synchronization signal may comprise rectangular pulses, trapezoidal pulses, sharp pulses, actual sharp pulses, half-sinusoidal pulses, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the synchronization signal may include a pulse sequence having pulse parameters, and the pulse sequence may refer to a combination including at least two single pulse signals. The generated synchronization signal may be a pulse train including three single pulse signals, as shown in fig. 4, for example. In some embodiments, the pulse parameters may include at least one of pulse width, pulse interval, number of pulses, pulse period, pulse edge, pulse amplitude, pulse shape, and the like. In some embodiments, the respective synchronization signals may be generated in real time based on preset pulse parameters. For example, the synchronization signal generation unit 210 (or the synchronization signal generation board) may generate a specific pulse sequence in real time based on a preset pulse width, a preset pulse edge, and a preset pulse amplitude in response to an operation instruction issued by the control unit 220 (or the upper computer). In some embodiments, the respective synchronization signals may be generated in advance based on preset pulse parameters.
In some embodiments, a synchronization signal may be sent to a plurality of detector modules of a PET device in response to the PET device starting or entering a scan preparation phase. The scanning preparation stage may refer to a stage corresponding to preparation work such as parameter setting before scanning the target object, and moving of the scanning table. In some embodiments, a synchronization signal may be sent to each detector module of the PET device separately at the same time. For example, the clock synchronizer 200 may transmit a synchronization signal to each detector module of the PET apparatus after the PET apparatus is powered on or before the PET apparatus is ready to scan the target object. In some embodiments, the synchronization signals may be transmitted to the plurality of detector modules of the PET device by cables of equal or unequal lengths, respectively.
In step 320, a feedback signal is obtained, where the feedback signal reflects whether the signals received by the plurality of detector modules are consistent with the synchronization signal. In some embodiments, step 320 may be performed by imaging system 100, clock synchronizer 200 (e.g., control unit 220), or PET device 400 (e.g., a host computer).
In some embodiments, after the detector module receives the signal, it may detect whether the received signal is consistent with the transmitted synchronization signal, and generate a corresponding feedback signal based on the detection result. For example, if it is detected that the signal received by the detector module is consistent with the transmitted synchronization signal, indicating that the detector module receives the correct synchronization signal, a fixed feedback signal indicating that the synchronization is successful may be returned to the control unit 220 through the cable, so as to inform the control unit 220 that the detector module has correctly received the synchronization signal; if it is detected that the signal received by the detector module is inconsistent with the transmitted synchronization signal, indicating that noise interference may be superimposed on the synchronization signal received by the detector module during synchronization, a feedback signal indicating synchronization failure may be returned to the control unit 220. As another example, the detector module may transmit a feedback signal back to the control unit 220 only when it detects that the received signal is consistent or inconsistent with the transmitted synchronization signal. In some embodiments, it may be detected whether the signal received by the detector module is consistent with the transmitted synchronization signal based on a preset pattern. In some embodiments, the predetermined pattern may include a predetermined pulse parameter corresponding to the synchronization signal. For example, parameters such as a pulse width, a pulse amplitude, a pulse period, and a pulse interval corresponding to a signal received by the detector module may be detected, and whether the parameters are consistent with corresponding parameters of preset pulse parameters or not may be detected, if all the parameters are consistent, the signal received by the detector module is considered to be consistent with the synchronization signal, and if at least one of the parameters is inconsistent with the preset pulse parameter, the signal received by the detector module is considered to be inconsistent with the synchronization signal.
When the signal received by the detector module is superimposed with noise interference or receives a signal triggered by mistake, at least one pulse parameter of the received signal and the synchronous signal has difference, so that whether the received signal is consistent with the synchronous signal or not is detected based on the preset pulse parameter by presetting the pulse parameter corresponding to the synchronous signal for both signal receiving sides (the detector module and the synchronous signal generating board), the detection efficiency and the accuracy can be improved, and the clock synchronization efficiency is further improved.
In some embodiments, during the scanning of the target object by the PET apparatus or during the data acquisition of the detector modules, whether the signals received by the detector modules are consistent with the transmitted synchronization signals or not can be continuously detected in real time, and corresponding feedback signals can be generated. For example, the detector module may generate a feedback signal of "receiving an erroneous synchronization signal" when receiving a signal inconsistent with the transmitted synchronization signal in the data acquisition process; when a signal matching the transmitted synchronization signal is received, a feedback signal of "successful synchronization" is generated. In some embodiments, during a scan of a target object by a PET device or during data acquisition by the detector modules, feedback signals may be generated as the signals are received by the detector modules. For example, before the scanning of the PET device starts or after the clock synchronization of the detector modules is completed before the data acquisition of the detector modules, one or more of the detector modules receives a signal indicating that the detector modules may receive a signal triggered by a mistake during the scanning of the PET device on the target object or the data acquisition of the detector modules, and at this time, a feedback signal is generated and transmitted back to the upper computer or the control unit 220, so that the occurrence probability of abnormal synchronization or failure between the detector modules caused by the mistake triggering due to external interference can be reduced.
And step 330, judging whether the synchronization among the plurality of detector modules is successful or not based on the feedback signal. In some embodiments, step 330 may be performed by imaging system 100, clock synchronizer 200 (e.g., control unit 220), or PET device 400 (e.g., a host computer).
In some embodiments, a determination may be made as to whether synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET device was successful based on the feedback signal corresponding to each detector module. In some embodiments, a synchronization failure between a plurality of detector modules of a PET device may be determined in response to a received signal of at least one of the plurality of detector modules not being consistent with a synchronization signal; and determining that the synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET device is successful in response to the signals received by the plurality of detector modules being consistent with the synchronization signal. For example, a failure of synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET apparatus may be determined if the feedback signal of at least one of the plurality of detector modules of the PET apparatus is a null signal, or if the feedback signal indicates a meaning of "synchronization failure" or "signal inconsistency".
In some embodiments, after the synchronization signal is transmitted to the plurality of detector modules of the PET device, a failure in synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET device may be determined in response to a failure to receive a feedback signal from at least one of the plurality of detector modules within a predetermined time. The preset time can be any time which does not affect the normal work of the PET equipment, such as 1 second, 3 seconds, 5 seconds and the like. In some embodiments, the preset time may be determined based on a length of the cable corresponding to each detector module. For example, when the synchronization signal generation unit 210 (or the synchronization signal generation board) transmits the synchronization signal to the plurality of detector modules of the PET device through cables having different lengths, respectively, the delay time at which the corresponding detector module receives the synchronization signal may be determined based on the length of the communication cable between each detector module of the PET device and the synchronization signal generation unit 210 (or the synchronization signal generation board), and the minimum value greater than the delay time may be determined as the preset time.
And step 340, in response to the synchronization failure among the plurality of detector modules, synchronously sending the synchronization signal to the plurality of detector modules again. In some embodiments, step 340 may be performed by imaging system 100, clock synchronization apparatus 200 (e.g., control unit 220), or PET device 400 (e.g., a host computer).
In some embodiments, the synchronization signals may be re-sent to the plurality of detector modules of the PET device in response to a synchronization failure between the plurality of detector modules. In some embodiments, coincidence event data acquired by the PET device for a period of time after the transmission of the synchronization signal may be stored in a memory device for use in PET imaging in response to a successful synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET device. In some embodiments, steps 320 through 340 may be repeated until synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET apparatus is successful.
It should be noted that the above description of flow 300 is provided for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present description. Various changes and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the description herein. However, such changes and modifications do not depart from the scope of the present specification. In some embodiments, flow 300 may include one or more additional operations, or may omit one or more of the operations described above.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary PET device shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present description.
As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, a PET apparatus 400 may include a detector 410 and a clock synchronizer 420. The clock synchronization device 420 has a similar structure to the clock synchronization device 200, for example, the upper computer and the control unit 220, and the synchronization signal generation board and the synchronization signal generation unit 210 may have the same or similar structure.
The detector 410 may be used for data acquisition, for example, to acquire coincidence event data. In some embodiments, detector 410 may include a semiconductor detector, a photovoltaic type detector, or the like. In some embodiments, the detector 410 may include a plurality of detector modules. In some embodiments, each detector module may include a photosensitive module and readout circuitry. The photosensitive module can be used for acquiring photon signals generated by radionuclide injected by a target object and converting the acquired photon signals into electric signals, and the reading circuit can be used for reading the electric signals in the photosensitive module and converting the electric signals into digital data so as to generate a scanning image. In some embodiments, each detector module may include a detection unit, such as the same or similar structure as detection unit 230, for detecting whether the received signal is consistent with the synchronization signal.
The clock synchronization device 420 may be used to clock synchronize the plurality of detector modules included in the detector 410. In some embodiments, the clock synchronizer 420 may include an upper computer and a synchronization signal generation board. Wherein the synchronization signal generation board may be used to generate the synchronization signal. In some embodiments, the synchronization signal generation board may generate the synchronization signal based on a preset pulse parameter. For example, as shown by the signal indicated by the dashed arrow in the figure, the synchronization signal generation board may generate a corresponding rectangular pulse sequence as the synchronization signal based on a plurality of pulse parameters such as preset pulses, the number of pulses, pulse intervals, pulse amplitudes, and the like. It will be appreciated that the pulse sequence of fig. 4 is merely exemplary, and in some embodiments, the pulses corresponding to the pulse sequence may have other shapes and the number of single pulses may have other values.
The host computer can be used for controlling the synchronizing signal generating board to generate synchronizing signals and respectively sending the synchronizing signals to a plurality of detector modules contained in the detector 410. In some embodiments, the upper computer may acquire a feedback signal, determine whether synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the detector 410 is successful based on the feedback signal, and control the synchronization signal generation board to resend the synchronization signal to the plurality of detector modules in response to synchronization failure between the plurality of detector modules.
In some embodiments, the PET device 400 may also include cables connecting between the modules. For convenience of understanding, a cable connecting between the detector module and the upper computer is represented as a communication cable, and a cable connecting between the synchronization signal generating board and the detector module is represented as a synchronization signal cable. In some embodiments, the synchronization signal cable and the communication cable may be the same or different types of cables. In some embodiments, the synchronization signal cables between each detector module and the synchronization signal generation board may be cables of equal or unequal lengths.
It will be appreciated that the above description of fig. 4 is provided for illustrative purposes only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present description. Various changes and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the description herein. For example, the PET device 400 may also include a scanning bed, a storage device, and other devices. However, such changes and modifications do not depart from the scope of the present specification.
FIG. 5 is an exemplary flow chart of a method for clock synchronization of a PET device according to further embodiments of the present description.
As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the PET apparatus 400 may generate a corresponding synchronization signal based on the preset pulse parameters by the upper computer controlling the synchronization signal generation board in response to the apparatus starting or entering the scan preparation stage, and then transmit the synchronization signal to each detector module included in the detector 410 through the synchronization signal cables having the same length. After receiving the signal, each detector module of the detector 410 may detect whether the pulse parameter of the received signal is consistent with the preset pulse parameter based on the preset paradigm through a built-in or external detection unit, and determine that the received signal is consistent with the synchronization signal in response to the pulse parameter of the received signal being consistent with the preset pulse parameter, so as to return a feedback signal indicating that the detector module receives a correct synchronization signal to the upper computer, otherwise, return a feedback signal indicating that the detector module fails to synchronize to the upper computer. The upper computer may determine whether all the detector modules of the detector 410 are synchronized successfully based on a feedback signal returned by one or more detector modules received within a preset time, and control the synchronization signal generation board to send a synchronization signal to each detector module of the detector 410 again in response to that at least one of the plurality of detector modules receives a signal inconsistent with the synchronization signal, that is, synchronization between the plurality of detector modules fails, and repeat the process until synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET apparatus is successful, that is, synchronization between all the detector modules is successful.
In some embodiments, the PET device 400 may acquire coincidence event data acquired by the detectors after synchronization is successful in response to synchronization success of all detector modules for PET imaging, such as generating a scan image of the target object based on the coincidence event data. In some embodiments, the detector modules included in the detector 410 may detect the received signals in real-time and continuously during the scanning of the PET apparatus 400 and/or during the data acquisition of the detector 410, and transmit a feedback signal back to the upper position based on the detection results. If the upper computer does not control the sending of the synchronization signal and receives a feedback signal returned by the detector module, it indicates that the detector module may receive a false trigger signal generated by external interference, and at this time, the synchronization signal generating board may be controlled to send the synchronization signal to the plurality of detector modules included in the detector 410 again until all the detector modules are synchronized successfully. In this case, the PET apparatus 400 may reject data acquired by the detector module during a time period corresponding to the time period from the reception of the false trigger signal to the reception of the correct synchronization signal.
It should be noted that the above description regarding flow 500 is provided for illustrative purposes only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present specification. Various changes and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the description herein. However, such changes and modifications do not depart from the scope of the present specification. In some embodiments, flow 500 may include one or more additional operations, or may omit one or more of the operations described above.
The beneficial effects that may be brought by the embodiments of the present description include, but are not limited to: (1) by detecting the consistency of the received signal and the synchronous signal, the probability of occurrence of synchronization failure of the detector module caused by superposition noise interference of the received synchronous signal can be reduced; (2) in response to the fact that the signal received by at least one of the detector modules is inconsistent with the synchronous signal, the synchronous signal is sent to each detector module again, the reliability of sending the synchronous signal can be ensured, and the success rate of clock synchronization is improved; (3) the occurrence probability of false triggering can be reduced by using the pulse sequence as a synchronous signal; (4) and the synchronous signals are respectively sent to the detector modules through cables with the same length, so that the clock synchronization efficiency can be improved. It is to be noted that different embodiments may produce different advantages, and in different embodiments, any one or combination of the above advantages may be produced, or any other advantages may be obtained.
Having thus described the basic concept, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed disclosure is to be regarded as illustrative only and not as limiting the present specification. Various modifications, improvements and adaptations to the present description may occur to those skilled in the art, although not explicitly described herein. Such modifications, improvements and adaptations are proposed in the present specification and thus fall within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present specification.
Also, the description uses specific words to describe embodiments of the description. Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with at least one embodiment of the specification is included. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, some features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of the specification may be combined as appropriate.
Additionally, the order in which the elements and sequences of the process are recited in the specification, the use of alphanumeric characters, or other designations, is not intended to limit the order in which the processes and methods of the specification occur, unless otherwise specified in the claims. While various presently contemplated embodiments of the invention have been discussed in the foregoing disclosure by way of example, it is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent arrangements that are within the spirit and scope of the embodiments herein. For example, although the system components described above may be implemented by hardware devices, they may also be implemented by software-only solutions, such as installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.
Similarly, it should be noted that in the preceding description of embodiments of the present specification, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure aiding in the understanding of one or more of the embodiments. This method of disclosure, however, is not intended to imply that more features than are expressly recited in a claim. Indeed, the embodiments may be characterized as having less than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above.
Numerals describing the number of components, attributes, etc. are used in some embodiments, it being understood that such numerals used in the description of the embodiments are modified in some instances by the use of the modifier "about", "approximately" or "substantially". Unless otherwise indicated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicates that the number allows a variation of ± 20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties of the individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameter should take into account the specified significant digits and employ a general digit preserving approach. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of the range are approximations, in the specific examples, such numerical values are set forth as precisely as possible within the scope of the application.
For each patent, patent application publication, and other material, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, documents, etc., cited in this specification, the entire contents of each are hereby incorporated by reference into this specification. Except where the application history document does not conform to or conflict with the contents of the present specification, it is to be understood that the application history document, as used herein in the present specification or appended claims, is intended to define the broadest scope of the present specification (whether presently or later in the specification) rather than the broadest scope of the present specification. It is to be understood that the descriptions, definitions and/or uses of terms in the accompanying materials of this specification shall control if they are inconsistent or contrary to the descriptions and/or uses of terms in this specification.
Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Other variations are also possible within the scope of the present description. Thus, by way of example, and not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of the specification can be considered consistent with the teachings of the specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present description are not limited to only those embodiments explicitly described and depicted herein.
Claims (10)
1. A clock synchronization method of a PET apparatus, comprising:
transmitting a synchronization signal to a plurality of detector modules of the PET device;
acquiring a feedback signal, wherein the feedback signal reflects whether the signals received by the plurality of detector modules are consistent with the synchronous signal;
and judging whether the synchronization among the plurality of detector modules is successful or not based on the feedback signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the synchronization signal comprises a pulse train having pulse parameters including at least one of pulse width, pulse interval, number of pulses, pulse period, pulse edge, pulse amplitude, pulse shape.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said transmitting synchronization signals to a plurality of detector modules of the PET device comprises:
and respectively sending the synchronous signals to the plurality of detector modules through cables with equal lengths.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining whether synchronization between the plurality of detector modules is successful based on the feedback signal comprises:
in response to a received signal of at least one of the plurality of detector modules not being consistent with the synchronization signal, determining that synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET device has failed and re-transmitting the synchronization signal to the plurality of detector modules;
in response to the signals received by the plurality of detector modules each coinciding with the synchronization signal, determining that synchronization between the plurality of detector modules of the PET device is successful.
5. A clock synchronization apparatus of a PET device, comprising:
a synchronization signal generation unit for generating a synchronization signal;
a control unit for
Controlling the synchronization signal generation unit to transmit the synchronization signals to a plurality of detector modules of the PET device;
acquiring a feedback signal, wherein the feedback signal reflects whether the signals received by the plurality of detector modules are consistent with the synchronous signal;
and judging whether the synchronization among the plurality of detector modules is successful or not based on the feedback signal.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the synchronization signal comprises a pulse train having pulse parameters including at least one of pulse width, pulse interval, number of pulses, pulse period, pulse edge, pulse amplitude, pulse shape.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the synchronization signal generation unit sends the synchronization signals to the plurality of detector modules through cables of equal length, respectively.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:
a detection unit for
Detecting whether the signals received by the plurality of detector modules are consistent with the synchronous signals;
generating a corresponding feedback signal based on the detection result;
sending the feedback signal to the control unit.
9. A PET apparatus, comprising:
a detector comprising a plurality of detector modules for data acquisition;
the clock synchronization device of any one of claims 5 to 8, for clocking the plurality of detector modules.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when read by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-4.
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