CN113948858A - Printed board antenna - Google Patents
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- CN113948858A CN113948858A CN202111212303.6A CN202111212303A CN113948858A CN 113948858 A CN113948858 A CN 113948858A CN 202111212303 A CN202111212303 A CN 202111212303A CN 113948858 A CN113948858 A CN 113948858A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 174
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The application provides a printed board antenna. The wire comprises a dielectric substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the dielectric substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged, the dielectric substrate is provided with a feed hole, and a metal feed structure is formed in the feed hole; a metal patch attached to the first surface; the branch section is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the branch section is connected with the metal patch, and the second end of the branch section is connected with the metal feed structure; and the metal floor is attached to the second surface. The problem that performance cannot be considered in the aspects of low profile characteristics of a structure, gain and beam out-of-roundness when an antenna in the prior art is applied to the field of two-dimensional AOA positioning is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to a printed board antenna.
Background
The general transceiver antenna of radio equipment is mainly used for achieving the purposes of high efficiency, large gain, low side lobe and the like, and an antenna device of the general transceiver antenna is usually realized by a half-wave oscillator, a horn antenna and a single-winding helical antenna or by a unit array of the type. The antenna has a simple structure and mature technology, but when the antenna is applied to the field of two-dimensional AOA positioning, all the characteristics of the antenna cannot be considered in the aspects of low section characteristic of the structure, gain, beam non-roundness and stable phase center. The current technical scheme has better gain, beam out-of-roundness and phase center stability, but obviously sacrifices the caliber efficiency of an antenna structure; some technical schemes use antennas with complex structures, which can improve beam gain and out-of-roundness, but the phase center of the antennas has large change, which is not beneficial to the judgment of the phase difference of the transmitting and receiving signals of the array antennas.
Disclosure of Invention
The main objective of the present application is to provide a method for solving the problem that performance cannot be considered in the aspects of low profile characteristic, gain, beam out-of-roundness of the structure when the antenna in the prior art is applied in the two-dimensional AOA positioning field.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a printed board antenna including: the dielectric substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface are oppositely arranged, a feed hole is formed in the dielectric substrate, and a metal feed structure is formed in the feed hole; a metal patch attached to the first surface; the branch section is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the branch section is connected with the metal patch, and the second end of the branch section is connected with the metal feed structure; and the metal floor is attached to the second surface.
Furthermore, a short circuit hole is further formed in the dielectric substrate, a metal short circuit structure is formed in the short circuit hole, a first end of the metal short circuit structure is connected with the metal patch, and a second end of the metal short circuit structure is connected with the metal floor.
Further, the first end of the metal short-circuit structure is connected with the center of the metal patch.
Further, the metal short-circuit structure is a short-circuit metal column or a short-circuit metal hole.
Furthermore, the metal patch is a rectangular metal patch, four branch nodes are respectively connected with a first branch node, a second branch node, a third branch node and a fourth branch node, the dielectric substrate is provided with four feed holes, a first metal feed structure, a second metal feed structure, a third metal feed structure and a fourth metal feed structure are formed in the four feed holes, a first end of the first branch node is connected with a midpoint of a first edge of the rectangular metal patch, a first end of the second branch node is connected with a midpoint of a second edge of the rectangular metal patch, a first end of the third branch node is connected with a midpoint of a third edge of the rectangular metal patch, a first end of the fourth branch node is connected with a midpoint of a fourth edge of the rectangular metal patch, a second end of the first branch node is connected with the first metal feed structure, and a second end of the second branch node is connected with the second metal feed structure, and the second end of the third branch section is connected with the third metal feed structure, and the second end of the fourth branch section is connected with the fourth metal feed structure.
Furthermore, the first metal feed structure is arranged opposite to the first branch section, the second metal feed structure is arranged opposite to the second branch section, the third metal feed structure is arranged opposite to the third branch section, and the fourth metal feed structure is arranged opposite to the fourth branch section.
Further, the side length of the rectangular metal patch is greater than 0.93 times of the effective wavelength and less than 0.98 times of the effective wavelength.
Furthermore, the branch nodes are rectangular branch nodes or trapezoidal branch nodes.
Further, the width of the rectangular branch node is adjusted to be wide when the feed connection is low in impedance, and the width of the rectangular branch node is adjusted to be narrow when the feed connection is high in impedance.
Further, the metal feed structure is a feed metal post or a feed metal hole.
By applying the technical scheme, the dielectric substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface are oppositely arranged, the dielectric substrate is provided with a feed hole, and a metal feed structure is formed in the feed hole; a metal patch attached to the first surface; the branch section is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the branch section is connected with the metal patch, and the second end of the branch section is connected with the metal feed structure; and the metal floor is attached to the second surface. The problem that performance cannot be considered in the aspects of low profile characteristics of a structure, gain and beam out-of-roundness when an antenna in the prior art is applied to the field of two-dimensional AOA positioning is solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a printed board antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of a printed board antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a printed board antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic bottom view of a printed board antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a dielectric substrate; 11. a first surface; 12. a second surface; 13. a short circuit hole; 14. a feed hole; 140. a first metal feed structure; 141. a second metal feed structure; 142. a third metal feed structure; 143. a fourth metal feed structure; 20. a metal patch; 30. branch nodes; 31. a first branch section; 32. a second branch section; 33. a third branch section; 34. a fourth branch section; 40. a metal floor.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Also, in the specification and claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element or "connected" to the other element through a third element.
As introduced in the background art, in order to solve the problem that when an antenna in the prior art is applied to the field of two-dimensional AOA positioning, performance cannot be considered in terms of low profile characteristics of a structure, gain, and beam non-circularity, an embodiment of the present application provides a printed board antenna.
An exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a printed board antenna, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, including:
a dielectric substrate 10 having a first surface 11 and a second surface 12, the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 being disposed opposite to each other, the dielectric substrate 10 having a power feeding hole 14, the power feeding hole 14 having a metal power feeding structure;
a metal patch 20 attached to the first surface 11;
a branch section 30 having a first end and a second end, the first end of the branch section 30 being connected to the metal patch 20, the second end of the branch section 30 being connected to the metal feed structure;
and a metal floor 40 attached to the second surface 12.
Specifically, the size of the metal patch is set according to a design method, and a branch node is used in the middle of four sides of the rectangular patch on the front surface of the substrate to enlarge the impedance adjusting range, so that sufficient benefit and gain are guaranteed.
In the scheme, the dielectric substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface are oppositely arranged, the dielectric substrate is provided with a feed hole, and a metal feed structure is formed in the feed hole; the metal patch is attached to the first surface; the branch section is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the branch section is connected with the metal patch, and the second end of the branch section is connected with the metal feed structure; a metal floor is attached to the second surface. The problem that performance cannot be considered in the aspects of low profile characteristics of a structure, gain and beam out-of-roundness when an antenna in the prior art is applied to the field of two-dimensional AOA positioning is solved. The positioning device is suitable for two-dimensional positioning application, and is particularly suitable for assembly in light and thin products and the like.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a short hole 13 is further formed on the dielectric substrate 10, a metal short structure is formed in the short hole 13, a first end of the metal short structure is connected to the metal patch 20, and a second end of the metal short structure is connected to the metal ground 40. The short circuit hole 13 is formed to form a metal short circuit structure, one end of the metal short circuit is connected to the metal patch 20, and the second end of the metal short circuit is connected to the metal floor 40 to perform a grounding function, so that the safety performance of the antenna can be better ensured, and the sufficient efficiency and gain of the antenna can be better ensured.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the first end of the metal short circuit structure is connected to the center of the metal patch 20. The efficiency can be improved better, and considerable antenna gain is realized.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the metal short structure is a short metal pillar or a short metal hole. Specifically, a metal liquid is poured into the short circuit hole 13 to form a short circuit metal column, or metal is plated on the inner wall of the short circuit hole 13 to form a short circuit metal hole.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the metal patch 20 is a rectangular metal patch 20, the number of the branch nodes is four, and each of the branch nodes has a first branch node 31, a second branch node 32, a third branch node 33 and a fourth branch node 34, the dielectric substrate is provided with four feed holes, a first metal feed structure 140, a second metal feed structure 141, a third metal feed structure 142 and a fourth metal feed structure 143 are formed in the four feed holes, a first end of the first branch node 31 is connected to a midpoint of a first side of the rectangular metal patch 20, a first end of the second branch node 32 is connected to a midpoint of a second side of the rectangular metal patch 20, a first end of the third branch node 33 is connected to a midpoint of a third side of the rectangular metal patch 20, a first end of the fourth branch node 34 is connected to a midpoint of a fourth side of the rectangular metal patch 20, a second end of the first stub 31 is connected to the first metal feeding structure 140, a second end of the second stub 32 is connected to the second metal feeding structure 141, a second end of the third stub 33 is connected to the third metal feeding structure 142, and a second end of the fourth stub 34 is connected to the fourth metal feeding structure 143. Specifically, the feeding holes at the coaxial symmetrical positions of the four feeding holes adopt a differential mode for feeding, so that the stability of the phase center of the main beam can be effectively improved, the efficiency can be further improved, and considerable antenna gain can be realized.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, the first metal feeding structure 140 is disposed opposite to the first stub, the second metal feeding structure 141 is disposed opposite to the second stub, the third metal feeding structure 142 is disposed opposite to the third stub, and the fourth metal feeding structure 143 is disposed opposite to the fourth stub. Specifically, the feed holes corresponding to each of the four branch nodes are distributed on the XY axis at the tail end of the branch node; two feeds on the X axis are designed into a pair of differential excitations to realize X-direction linear polarization, and two feeds on the Y axis are designed into another pair of differential excitations to realize Y-direction linear polarization; and the dual-polarization characteristic of the antenna is realized by the feed function.
In an embodiment of the present application, the side length of the rectangular metal patch is greater than 0.93 times and less than 0.98 times of the effective wavelength. Specifically, assume that the rectangular sides correspond to parallel X, Y directions, and the length and width are Lx and Ly, respectively. Ly takes values from 0.93 to 0.98 times λ g, e.g., Lx ═ 0.95 × λ 0/sqrt (er); the lengths of Ly and Lx are close, Ly is 0.9-1.1 times Ly, for example, Ly is equal to Lx, so that radiation uniformity is guaranteed, and the gain is large.
In an embodiment of the present application, the branch node is a rectangular branch node or a trapezoidal branch node. In particular, the size of the stub may be set according to actual requirements, in combination with the feed impedance and actual material characteristics, for example, the stub may be used to further adjust the impedance matching state of the antenna and the feed terminal, so as to ensure that an appreciable antenna gain is achieved.
In one embodiment of the present application, the width of the rectangular stub is widened when the feed connection is low impedance, and the width of the rectangular stub is narrowed when the feed connection is high impedance.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the metal feeding structure is a feeding metal post or a feeding metal hole. Specifically, a metal liquid is poured into the feed hole 14 to form a feed metal post, or a metal is plated on the inner wall of the feed hole 14 to form a feed metal hole.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:
the printed board antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein the dielectric substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface are oppositely arranged, a feed hole is formed in the dielectric substrate, and a metal feed structure is formed in the feed hole; a metal patch attached to the first surface; designing a branch section with a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the branch section is connected with the metal patch, and the second end of the branch section is connected with the metal feed structure; and the metal floor is attached to the second surface. The problem that performance cannot be considered in the aspects of low profile characteristics of a structure, gain and beam out-of-roundness when an antenna in the prior art is applied to the field of two-dimensional AOA positioning is solved.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The embodiment designs a dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna with a 2.4G frequency band and a central frequency of 2.44 GHz. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, FR4 is used as a dielectric substrate 10, a metal patch 20 is attached to a first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10 as a radiator, four stubs 30 are provided, which are a first stub 31, a second stub 32, a third stub 33 and a fourth stub 34, four feed holes 14 are provided on the dielectric substrate 10, a first metal feed structure 140, a second metal feed structure 141, a third metal feed structure 142 and a fourth metal feed structure 143 are formed in the four feed holes 14, a first end of the first stub 31 is connected to a midpoint of a first side of the rectangular metal patch 20, a first end of the second stub 32 is connected to a midpoint of a second side of the rectangular metal patch 20, a first end of the third stub 33 is connected to a midpoint of a third side of the rectangular metal patch 20, a first end of the fourth stub 34 is connected to a midpoint of a fourth side of the rectangular metal patch 20, the second end of the first leg 31 is connected to the first metal feed structure 140, the second end of the second leg 32 is connected to the second metal feed structure 141, the second end of the third leg 33 is connected to the third metal feed structure 142, and the second end of the fourth leg 34 is connected to the fourth metal feed structure 143. A metal patch 20 is attached as a back ground to the second surface 12 of the media substrate 10. The metal patches 20 have a length Lx and a width Ly of 29.8mm, respectively; the size Lt of the four branch joints 30 is 2mm, and the size Wt of the branch joints 30 is 1 mm; the four feed holes 14 are connected with the metal patches 20 on the first surface 11, the outer diameter of each feed hole is 0.9mm, the metal patches are attached to the second surface 12, and a circle with the diameter of 4.2mm is hollowed at the position of each feed hole 14; in the center of the metal patch 20, a metal hole with an outer diameter of 0.9mm is opened as a short circuit hole in the dielectric substrate 10.
As shown in fig. 4, a feeding phase is set at the transmission and reception signal, the first metal feeding structure 140 and the second metal feeding structure 141 on the X-axis are differentially fed, and the third metal feeding structure 142 and the fourth metal feeding structure 143 on the Y-axis are differentially fed. Two feeds on the X axis are designed into a pair of differential excitations to realize X-direction linear polarization, and two feeds on the Y axis are designed into another pair of differential excitations to realize Y-direction linear polarization; and the dual-polarization characteristic of the antenna is realized by the feed function.
The design uses a simple printed board structure form, and can simultaneously realize excellent beam out-of-roundness and stable phase center on the premise of ensuring enough efficiency and gain so as to solve the problem that the performance cannot be considered in the aspects of low profile characteristic, gain and beam out-of-roundness of the structure when the antenna in the prior art is applied to the field of two-dimensional AOA positioning.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A printed board antenna, comprising:
the dielectric substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface are oppositely arranged, a feed hole is formed in the dielectric substrate, and a metal feed structure is formed in the feed hole;
a metal patch attached to the first surface;
the branch section is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the branch section is connected with the metal patch, and the second end of the branch section is connected with the metal feed structure;
and the metal floor is attached to the second surface.
2. The printed board antenna of claim 1, wherein a short circuit hole is further formed in the dielectric substrate, a metal short circuit structure is formed in the short circuit hole, a first end of the metal short circuit structure is connected to the metal patch, and a second end of the metal short circuit structure is connected to the metal ground.
3. The printed board antenna of claim 2, wherein the first end of the metal shorting structure is connected to a center of the metal patch.
4. The printed board antenna of claim 2, wherein the metal shorting structure is a shorting metal post or a shorting metal hole.
5. The printed board antenna according to claim 1, wherein the metal patch is a rectangular metal patch, the number of the stubs is four, and the stubs are a first stub, a second stub, a third stub and a fourth stub, the dielectric substrate is provided with four feeding holes, a first metal feeding structure, a second metal feeding structure, a third metal feeding structure and a fourth metal feeding structure are formed in the four feeding holes, a first end of the first stub is connected to a midpoint of a first edge of the rectangular metal patch, a first end of the second stub is connected to a midpoint of a second edge of the rectangular metal patch, a first end of the third stub is connected to a midpoint of a third edge of the rectangular metal patch, a first end of the fourth stub is connected to a midpoint of a fourth edge of the rectangular metal patch, and a second end of the first stub is connected to the first metal feeding structure, the second end of the second branch section is connected with the second metal feed structure, the second end of the third branch section is connected with the third metal feed structure, and the second end of the fourth branch section is connected with the fourth metal feed structure.
6. The printed board antenna of claim 5, wherein the first metal feed structure is disposed opposite the first stub, the second metal feed structure is disposed opposite the second stub, the third metal feed structure is disposed opposite the third stub, and the fourth metal feed structure is disposed opposite the fourth stub.
7. The printed board antenna of claim 5, wherein the rectangular metal patch has a side length greater than 0.93 times the effective wavelength and less than 0.98 times the effective wavelength.
8. The printed board antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the stub is a rectangular stub or a trapezoidal stub.
9. The printed board antenna of claim 8, wherein the width of the rectangular stub is widened when the feed connection is low impedance and narrowed when the feed connection is high impedance.
10. The printed board antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the metal feed structure is a feed metal post or a feed metal hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111212303.6A CN113948858A (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Printed board antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111212303.6A CN113948858A (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Printed board antenna |
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| CN113948858A true CN113948858A (en) | 2022-01-18 |
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| CN202111212303.6A Pending CN113948858A (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Printed board antenna |
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