CN110190386A - A kind of broadband and wideangle axis compares circularly-polarized patch antenna - Google Patents

A kind of broadband and wideangle axis compares circularly-polarized patch antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110190386A
CN110190386A CN201910228579.XA CN201910228579A CN110190386A CN 110190386 A CN110190386 A CN 110190386A CN 201910228579 A CN201910228579 A CN 201910228579A CN 110190386 A CN110190386 A CN 110190386A
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China
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medium plate
broadband
wideangle
circularly
axis
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CN201910228579.XA
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雷娟
孙学平
傅光
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Xidian University
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Xidian University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 

Abstract

The invention belongs to antenna technical field, discloses a kind of broadband and wideangle axis and compare circularly-polarized patch antenna;Including radiator, one point of four feeding network two parts;Radiator by the Y type coupled structure for 4 same sizes being printed on first medium plate and circular radiation piece, the ground being printed on second medium plate, equally distributed 6 same sizes of surrounding L-type parasitism minor matters and 4 dielectric posts to play a supportive role constitute;Feeding network is made of the Wilkison power splitter for the two-level concatenation being printed on third dielectric-slab and 90 ° of phase shifters.The present invention feeds circular radiation patch using coupled modes, Wilkison power splitter and 90 ° phase shifters of the network using the multi-stage cascade form being printed on medium, handling ease, section is low, light-weight, work belt is wide, can be applied to navigation system etc..

Description

A kind of broadband and wideangle axis compares circularly-polarized patch antenna
Technical field
The invention belongs to antenna technical fields more particularly to a kind of broadband and wideangle axis to compare circularly-polarized patch antenna.
Background technique
Currently, the prior art commonly used in the trade is such that micro-strip paster antenna is to be printed on medium by one or more layers The antenna of conductor sheet composition on plate, has light weight, and small in size, section is low, easy to process, is easy to and the conformal installation of carrier The features such as, therefore be widely used in microwave integrated circuit, antenna and aerial array.Its radiator is printed on the one of dielectric-slab Side, other side type metal floor, such antenna structure is simple, easy to process, but its bandwidth of operation is very narrow, and performance is situated between Matter substrate is affected, and communication system dual-use at present requires that the work belt of antenna is wide.Obviously, narrowband Microstrip antenna is not well positioned to meet such performance requirement.In general, using microstrip line or coaxially to aerial radiation patch into Row feed motivates electromagnetic field between conductor patch and earth plate, and passes through the outside spoke in gap between patch surrounding and ground It penetrates.But such feeding classification can not broaden the bandwidth of operation of antenna well.By opening diesis slot on patch, load is posted Raw minor matters realize antenna radiation impedance matching with the mode for increasing the transformation antenna structure such as air layer to reach broadening bandwidth Purpose is, it can be achieved that impedance bandwidth 20%~70% differs.It also can be very good to increase antenna by using the mode of couple feed Bandwidth, achieve the effect that increase antenna impedance bandwidth.
Microstrip antenna realizes that the reason of Circular polarization ratio narrow bandwidth is to maintain its circular polarisation purity difficult, former according to its effect Reason, which can probably be divided into, to be increased parasitic element, reduce the built-in quality factor of antenna and improves degree of coupling three classes method.In addition The different feeding classification of microstrip antenna also has a great impact to circular polarisation, and microstrip antenna realizes that the feeding classification of circular polarisation is main It is divided into (1) single-point feedback, is mainly based upon Cavity theory, generates two radiation cross polarizations using perturbation excitation and realize entelechy Change, but the axial ratio bandwidth that such feeding classification is able to achieve is very narrow, and the performance requirement of not applicable wide axis ratio.(2) n-point feed, It is fed using multiple feed points, feed point is presented with the excitation of out of phase, to realize the job requirement of circular polarisation.This way compared with The performance of circular polarisation easy to accomplish, and axial ratio bandwidth is wider, only generally requires and is increasing additional power splitter and phase shifter The feeding network of composition, therefore increase in cost of manufacture.Relatively common is two point feed and 4 points of feedbacks using sequence spiral Electricity.(3) multivariate method, this mode are realized by adjusting position between unit and phase using multiple linearly polarized radiations member Circular polarisation, it is similar with n-point feed method.For multivariate method compared with n-point feed, feeding network is relatively simple, but structure is more multiple It is miscellaneous, it is at high cost.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
(1) single-point feedback is motivated using perturbation generates two radiation cross polarizations realization circular polarisation, but feed side in this way The axial ratio bandwidth that formula is able to achieve is very narrow, and the performance requirement of not applicable wide axis ratio.
(2) n-point feed is fed using multiple feed points, and feed point is presented with the excitation of out of phase, to realize circular polarisation Job requirement.This way is easier to realize the performance of circular polarisation, and axial ratio bandwidth is wider, only generally requires and is increasing The feeding network of additional power splitter and phase shifter composition, increases in cost of manufacture.Relatively common is two point feed and use The four-point feed of sequence spiral.
(3) multivariate method is using multiple linearly polarized radiations member, realizes entelechy by adjusting position between unit and phase Change, it is similar with n-point feed method.For multivariate method compared with n-point feed, feeding network is relatively simple, but structure is increasingly complex, at This height.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of broadband and wideangle axis to compare circularly-polarized patch antenna.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of broadband and wideangle axis is than circularly-polarized patch antenna, the broadband and wideangle axis is than circle Polarized patch antenna includes radiator, one point of four feeding network;
The radiator by be printed on first medium plate the Y type coupled structures of 4 same sizes and circular radiation piece, Be printed on ground on second medium plate, the L-type parasitism minor matters of equally distributed 6 same sizes of surrounding and 4 play support and make Dielectric posts are constituted;
The feeding network is by the Wilkison power splitter and 90 ° of phase shifters of the two-level concatenation being printed on third dielectric-slab It constitutes.
Further, the circular radiation patch and Y type coupled structure are respectively printed at the two sides up and down of first medium plate, Y Type coupled structure is symmetrical around media center, and circular radiation patch radius is 29.8mm.
Further, 6 L-types parasitism minor matters are dispersed with around ground central symmetry, and one end is welded on the ground, other end court To aerial radiation direction, it is distributed in inverted L shape.
Further, the second medium plate and third dielectric-slab are located at the two sides on ground, wherein feeding network a part It being printed on above second medium plate, is connected with coaxial heart, feeding network another part is printed on the lower section of third dielectric-slab, and one End be connected with coaxial crust, by metal column by above second medium plate part feeding network and third dielectric-slab below feedback Electric network connection.
Further, using three layers of dielectric-slab, wherein printing the thickness of the first medium plate of round radiation fin and Y type coupled structure Degree is 0.5mm, and the second medium plate and third media plate thickness of printed feed network are 0.8mm.
It further, the use of medium column diameter is 2mm, metal feed post diameter is 1mm.
Further, first medium plate thickness is 0.5mm, and second medium plate and third media plate thickness are 0.8mm;
Circular radiation piece and Y type coupled structure are printed on first medium plate, radius R1=29.8mm, Y type coupling knot The line width W=1.1mm of structure, wire length L=5.96mm.Second medium plate radius R2=41mm, third dielectric-slab radius are 45mm;L The wide L1 of type parasitism minor matters is 26mm, and deep L2 is 15mm, and high L3 is 14mm;Pass through four between first medium plate and second medium plate A dielectric posts, four metal feed post supports.
Further, feeding network two parts are connected on coaxial inside and outside core, by one section of exponential type convert balun into Row impedance matching, balun wire length NL1=30mm transform to NW2=1.8mm, one end of inner core connection by line width NW1=5.3mm It is connected to by metal column on the network of third dielectric-slab, on the ground with the local aperture of position;
The impedance NR1=98.01 Ω of first order power splitter matching connection resistance, second level power splitter matching connection resistance Impedance NR2=241.02 Ω;90 ° of phase shifters NL3=16.3mm, NL4=15.9mm, G2=0.3mm, NW5=2.1mm, NW6 =2.2mm;One end of phase shifter is connected with power splitter, and one end is connected with feed metal column, and intermediate one end is 1.3mm by diameter Metal column be connected to the ground.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of satellites using the broadband and wideangle axis than circularly-polarized patch antenna Communications platform.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows: also can be very good by using the mode of couple feed The bandwidth for increasing antenna achievees the effect that the impedance bandwidth for increasing antenna.The present invention by using coupling feed way and Antenna surrounding load L-type parasitism minor matters realize antenna broadband performance to realize Antenna Impedance Matching, and are equipped with feeding network, So that the final final impedance bandwidth of antenna reaches 111% (1.18~4.13GHz).
The present invention finally uses the four-point feed mode of sequence spiral to feed radiation patch, and the method is relative to list Point feed can possess broader axial ratio bandwidth, and opposite multivariate method can make structure less complicated again.Final pair net in addition Network realizes that the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of antenna is 113% (1.23~4.42GHz).General antenna is after maintaining broadband circle polarized bandwidth Beam angle can relative narrower, the present invention joined the parasitic minor matters of 6 L-types to increase beam angle in antenna surrounding. The impedance bandwidth for the antenna that final design goes out is 111% (1.18~4.13GHz).The 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of antenna is 113% (1.23~4.42GHz).For antenna in the case where (1.3~4.1GHz) frequency range inner shaft ratio AR < 3, wide angular region is 60 ° ~140 °.
The present invention feeds circular radiation patch using coupled modes, and network is using the multistage grade being printed on medium The Wilkison power splitter of connection form and 90 ° of phase shifters, handling ease, section is low, and light-weight, work belt is wide, Ke Yiying For navigation system etc..
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is broadband and wideangle axis provided in an embodiment of the present invention than circularly-polarized patch antenna structural schematic diagram;
In figure: 1, L-type parasitism minor matters;2, Y type coupled structure;3, dielectric support column;4, first medium plate;5, circular radiation Patch;6, metal feed post;7, feeding network;8, second medium plate;9, third dielectric-slab;10, metal.
Fig. 2 is L-type parasitism minor matters structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
In figure: (a) top view;(b) front view.
Fig. 3 is the voltage standing wave ratio and gain curve schematic diagram of antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the 3dB axis of antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention compares curve synoptic diagram.
Fig. 5 is main pole of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention in 1.4GHz, 2.0GHz, 2.6GHz, 3.2GHz, 3.8GHz Change and Cross polarization pattern;
In figure: (a) face xoz@1.4GHz;(b) face yoz@1.4GHz;(c) face xoz@2.0GHz;(d) face yoz@ 2.0GHz;(e) face xoz@2.6GHz;(f) face yoz@2.6GHz;(g) face xoz@3.2GHz;(h) face yoz@3.2GHz;(i) The face xoz@3.8GHz;(j) face yoz@3.8GHz.
Fig. 6 is antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention in 1.4GHz, 2.0GHz, 2.6GHz, 3.2GHz, 3.8GHz frequency Under pitching face axis than change curve schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.
The present invention carries out couple feed to paster antenna by using Y-shaped structure and broadens its impedance bandwidth;It is more by introducing The mode of point feed broadens its axial ratio bandwidth;The mode of L shape parasitism minor matters is added on antenna periphery again, broadens antenna beam width Degree.Final antenna can be in frequency band (1.3~4.1GHz) range, standing wave VSWR < 2, axis ratio AR < 3, in axis ratio AR < 3 In the case of, wide angular region is 60 °~140 °.
Application principle of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, broadband and wideangle axis provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: L type parasitism branch than circularly-polarized patch antenna Section 1, Y type coupled structure 2, dielectric support column 3, first medium plate 4, circular radiation patch 5, metal feed post 6, feeding network 7, Second medium plate 8, third dielectric-slab 9, metal 10.
Radiator is by being printed on first medium plate 4 the Y type coupled structures 2 of 4 same sizes of (dielectric constant 2.2) With circular radiation piece 5, the ground being printed on second medium plate 8, equally distributed 6 same sizes of surrounding L-type parasitism branch The dielectric support column 3 that 1 and 4, section plays a supportive role is constituted;Feeding network 7 is by being printed on second medium plate 8, third dielectric-slab 9 The Wilkison power splitter of the two-level concatenation of upper (dielectric constant 3.5) and 90 ° of phase shifters are constituted.First medium plate 4 with a thickness of 0.5mm, second medium plate 8 and third dielectric-slab 9 are with a thickness of 0.8mm.
Circular radiation piece 5, Y type coupled structure 2, metal 10, the metal material of feeding network 7 be all copper.It is wherein round Radiation fin 5 and Y type coupled structure 2 are printed on first medium plate 4, the line width of radius R1=29.8mm, Y type coupled structure 2 W=1.1mm, wire length L=5.96mm.8 radius R2=41mm of second medium plate, 9 radius of third dielectric-slab are 45mm.L-type is parasitic 1 width L1 of minor matters is 26mm, and deep L2 is 15mm, and high L3 is 14mm.Pass through four Jie between first medium plate 4 and second medium plate 8 Matter column (diameter 2mm), four metal feed posts 6 (diameter 1mm, dielectric constant 3) support, and centre is air.
7 two parts of feeding network are connected on coaxial inside and outside core, carry out impedance by one section of exponential type transformation balun Matching, balun wire length NL1=30mm transform to NW2=1.8mm by line width NW1=5.3mm, and one end of inner core connection passes through gold Belong to column (diameter 1.3mm) to be connected on the network of third dielectric-slab 9, on the ground with the local aperture (bore dia 3mm) of position. Used Wilkison power splitter size is as shown, NL6=18mm, NL5=18mm, NW3=0.72mm, NW4= 1.29mm, G1=0.6mm, the impedance NR1=98.01 Ω of first order power splitter matching connection resistance, the connection of second level power splitter The impedance NR2=241.02 Ω of build-out resistor.The size of used 90 ° of phase shifters also as shown, NL3=16.3mm, NL4=15.9mm, G2=0.3mm, NW5=2.1mm, NW6=2.2mm.One end of phase shifter is connected with power splitter, one end and feedback Electric metal column is connected, and intermediate one end is connected to the ground by the metal column that diameter is 1.3mm.
Application effect of the invention is explained in detail below with reference to emulation.
1, emulation content
The voltage standing wave ratio of examples detailed above antenna, axis ratio, gain, directional diagram are emulated using simulation software.
2, simulation result
Fig. 3 is the voltage standing wave ratio and gain parameter curve of example antenna.It can be seen from the figure that 1.18~ In the frequency band of 4.13GHz, VSWR < 2.Gain is greater than 5dB within the scope of frequency band 1.4-4.27GHz.Emulate data and measured data Substantially it coincide.
Fig. 4 is that the axis of example antenna compares parameter curve, it is shown that the axis of antenna is than the change curve with frequency.Wherein exist In the frequency band of 1.23~4.42GHz, axis ratio AR < 3dB.Measured data and emulation data are coincide substantially.
Fig. 5 is example antenna in the main polarization and cross polarization side of 1.4GHz, 2.0GHz, 2.6GHz, 3.2GHz, 3.8GHz Xiang Tu.As seen from the figure, under this 5 frequency points, main polarization and cross-polarized isolation is all in 15dB or more.
Fig. 6 is the axis ratio in pitching face of the example antenna under 1.4GHz, 2.0GHz, 2.6GHz, 3.2GHz, 3.8GHz frequency Change curve.
A kind of four feedback broadband and wideangle axis proposed by the present invention has good electrical performance indexes, Neng Gouman than circular polarized antenna Foot breadth band, the basic demand of circular polarisation work.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of broadband and wideangle axis compares circularly-polarized patch antenna, which is characterized in that the broadband and wideangle axis is than circularly-polarized patch day Line includes radiator, one point of four feeding network;
The radiator is by the Y type coupled structure and circular radiation piece, printing of 4 same sizes being printed on first medium plate Ground on second medium plate, the L-type parasitism minor matters of equally distributed 6 same sizes of surrounding and 4 play a supportive role Dielectric posts are constituted;
The feeding network is by the Wilkison power splitter and 90 ° of phase shifter structures of the two-level concatenation being printed on third dielectric-slab At.
2. broadband and wideangle axis as described in claim 1 compares circularly-polarized patch antenna, which is characterized in that the circular radiation patch The two sides up and down of first medium plate are respectively printed at Y type coupled structure, Y type coupled structure is symmetrical around media center, Circular radiation patch radius is 29.8mm.
3. broadband and wideangle axis as described in claim 1 compares circularly-polarized patch antenna, which is characterized in that 6 L-types parasitism branch Section is dispersed with around ground central symmetry, and one end is welded on the ground, and the other end is distributed towards aerial radiation direction in inverted L shape.
4. broadband and wideangle axis as described in claim 1 compares circularly-polarized patch antenna, which is characterized in that the second medium plate and Third dielectric-slab is located at the two sides on ground, and wherein feeding network a part is printed on above second medium plate, with coaxial heart It is connected, feeding network another part is printed on the lower section of third dielectric-slab, and one end is connected with coaxial crust, by metal column by the Part feeding network above second medium plate is connect with the feeding network below third dielectric-slab.
5. broadband and wideangle axis as described in claim 1 compares circularly-polarized patch antenna, which is characterized in that three layers of dielectric-slab are used, Wherein print the first medium plate of round radiation fin and Y type coupled structure with a thickness of 0.5mm, the second of printed feed network is situated between Scutum and third media plate thickness are 0.8mm.
6. broadband and wideangle axis as described in claim 1 compares circularly-polarized patch antenna, which is characterized in that be using medium column diameter 2mm, metal feed post diameter are 1mm.
7. broadband and wideangle axis as described in claim 1 compares circularly-polarized patch antenna, which is characterized in that first medium plate thickness is 0.5mm, second medium plate and third media plate thickness are 0.8mm;
Circular radiation piece and Y type coupled structure are printed on first medium plate, radius R1=29.8mm, Y type coupled structure Line width W=1.1mm, wire length L=5.96mm;Second medium plate radius R2=41mm, third dielectric-slab radius are 45mm;L-type is posted The raw wide L1 of minor matters is 26mm, and deep L2 is 15mm, and high L3 is 14mm;Pass through four media between first medium plate and second medium plate Column, four metal feed post supports.
8. broadband and wideangle axis as described in claim 1 compares circularly-polarized patch antenna, which is characterized in that feeding network two parts point It is not connected on coaxial inside and outside core, impedance matching is carried out by one section of exponential type transformation balun, balun wire length NL1=30mm, by Line width NW1=5.3mm transforms to NW2=1.8mm, and one end of inner core connection is connected to the network of third dielectric-slab by metal column On, on the ground with the local aperture of position;
The impedance NR1=98.01 Ω of first order power splitter matching connection resistance, the impedance of second level power splitter matching connection resistance NR2=241.02 Ω;90 ° of phase shifters NL3=16.3mm, NL4=15.9mm, G2=0.3mm, NW5=2.1mm, NW6= 2.2mm;One end of phase shifter is connected with power splitter, and one end is connected with feed metal column, and intermediate one end is 1.3mm's by diameter Metal column is connected to the ground.
9. a kind of more flat than the satellite communication of circularly-polarized patch antenna using broadband and wideangle axis described in claim 1~8 any one Platform.
10. it is a kind of using broadband and wideangle axis described in claim 1~8 any one than the navigation system of circularly-polarized patch antenna.
CN201910228579.XA 2019-03-25 2019-03-25 A kind of broadband and wideangle axis compares circularly-polarized patch antenna Pending CN110190386A (en)

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CN110808453A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-18 维沃移动通信有限公司 Antenna unit and electronic equipment
CN110828986A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-21 维沃移动通信有限公司 Antenna unit and electronic equipment
CN110828985A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-21 维沃移动通信有限公司 Antenna unit and electronic equipment
CN112421248A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-02-26 西安电子科技大学 Broadband low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna based on multimode resonance
CN112993595A (en) * 2021-05-12 2021-06-18 华南理工大学 Satellite navigation positioning antenna and GNSS receiver
CN113497358A (en) * 2021-07-21 2021-10-12 德州学院 Wide-angle dual-circularly-polarized antenna with low elevation gain enhancement and equipment
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CN110492239A (en) * 2019-09-03 2019-11-22 深圳大学 A kind of three polarization car antennas applied to 5G-V2X car networking communication system
WO2021083214A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 维沃移动通信有限公司 Antenna unit and electronic device
CN110828986A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-21 维沃移动通信有限公司 Antenna unit and electronic equipment
CN110828985A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-21 维沃移动通信有限公司 Antenna unit and electronic equipment
WO2021083212A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 维沃移动通信有限公司 Antenna unit and electronic device
CN110808453A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-18 维沃移动通信有限公司 Antenna unit and electronic equipment
CN112421248A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-02-26 西安电子科技大学 Broadband low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna based on multimode resonance
CN112421248B (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-07-23 西安电子科技大学 Broadband low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna based on multimode resonance
CN112993595A (en) * 2021-05-12 2021-06-18 华南理工大学 Satellite navigation positioning antenna and GNSS receiver
CN112993595B (en) * 2021-05-12 2022-04-15 华南理工大学 Satellite navigation positioning antenna and GNSS receiver
CN113497358A (en) * 2021-07-21 2021-10-12 德州学院 Wide-angle dual-circularly-polarized antenna with low elevation gain enhancement and equipment
CN113497358B (en) * 2021-07-21 2022-08-12 德州学院 Wide-angle dual-circularly-polarized antenna with low elevation gain enhancement and equipment
WO2023000462A1 (en) * 2021-07-21 2023-01-26 德州学院 Wide-angle dual circularly polarized antenna having enhanced low-elevation gain and device
CN114050410A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-02-15 陕西海积信息科技有限公司 Circularly polarized antenna and reference station

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Application publication date: 20190830