CN113947967B - Real standard system of assembled building element installation - Google Patents
Real standard system of assembled building element installation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113947967B CN113947967B CN202111450814.1A CN202111450814A CN113947967B CN 113947967 B CN113947967 B CN 113947967B CN 202111450814 A CN202111450814 A CN 202111450814A CN 113947967 B CN113947967 B CN 113947967B
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
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Abstract
The invention discloses an assembly type building component installation training system, which is characterized in that: comprises a plurality of components (1), a plurality of datum points (2) fixed on a training field and a terminal; a module (3) with a wireless transmission function is arranged in the component (1), a laser sensor (4) is arranged on the component (1), an inclination sensor (5) is arranged in the component (1), and the laser sensor (4) and the inclination sensor (5) are connected with the module (3); the terminal comprises a computing device (6) and a display (7); at least two laser sensors (4) are arranged on the same side wall of the component (1). The invention has the advantages of reduced time consumption in the field measurement stage, low maintenance frequency and accurate measurement result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building component installation training, and particularly relates to an assembly type building component installation training system.
Background
The assembled components are divided according to the shape, including square plate shape and long strip shape, are divided according to the function, including column, wallboard, floor slab, beam, etc., have wide application in the building, because the component weight is big, usually accomplish the installation with the form of hoist and mount, but hoist and mount operation is very high to the skill requirement of operative, and operative skill level directly relates to the hoist and mount precision of component, produces the influence to the quality of building. In order to ensure the hoisting precision of the components, operators generally perform multiple practical training before on duty, namely, perform multiple simulated hoisting and installation operations on a practical training site, and can perform on duty operation after reaching a certain skill level.
In the practical training field, after practical training is completed each time, an assessment teacher is required to conduct field measurement to measure the accuracy of each installed component, including levelness, verticality and position, so that whether the hoisting result meets the standard requirement or not can be verified, scoring is conducted to serve as a student score, then the student score is conducted, questions are summarized, reasons for the questions are analyzed, the student can be helped to better summarize experience, and learning effects are improved.
Because of the large number of components, each component is required to measure multiple parameters, and some components are suspended at high positions and are difficult to measure, the time consumed in the field measurement stage is very long. Because the components are of various types, large in size and high in cost, the lifting equipment is also very expensive, a plurality of sets of components cannot be arranged on a practical training field, a plurality of students often share one set of components to practice training, after the former student finishes practical training, on-site measurement, scoring and appraising, the components are restored to be independent parts, and then the next student again performs practical training, on-site measurement, scoring and appraising, and the process is continuously circulated until all the students finish practical training. Because the time consumed in the field measurement stage is very long, in order to ensure that all students can participate in the practical training, teachers can necessarily compress the comment time, so that the practical training problems are not well analyzed and the like are generated on site, and the learning effect of the students is affected.
Therefore, a new practical training system is needed, the consumed time of the field measurement stage is reduced, and sufficient comment time is reserved for teachers, so that the learning effect of students is better improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a training system for installing assembled building components. The invention has the advantages of reduced time consumption in the field measurement stage, low maintenance frequency and accurate measurement result.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the training system is installed on the assembled building components and comprises a plurality of components, a plurality of datum points and terminals, wherein the datum points and the terminals are fixed on a training field; a module with a wireless transmission function is arranged in the component, a laser sensor is arranged on the component, an inclination sensor is arranged in the component, and the laser sensor and the inclination sensor are connected with the module; the terminal includes a computing device and a display.
In the foregoing training system for installing building elements, at least two of the laser sensors are located on the same side wall of the building element.
In the above-mentioned training system for installing the fabricated building components, the reference point is a reflecting sheet, and the position of the reflecting sheet is recorded in the calculating device.
In the training system for installing the assembled building components, the computing device is a computer connected with the display, and the computer is provided with a receiver with a wireless receiving function.
In the training system for installing the assembled building components, the computing device is a cloud platform, and the display is an industrial touch screen with a wireless receiving and transmitting function.
In the assembly type building component installation training system, the component is provided with the first groove, the first groove and the laser sensor are located on the same side wall of the component, the module and the inclination sensor are arranged in the first groove, the first cover plate is arranged at the notch of the first groove, and the first cover plate is connected with the component through the first screw.
In the training system for mounting the assembled building components, a square mounting plate is arranged in the first groove, the module and the inclination sensor are fixed on the front side surface of the mounting plate, four corners of the mounting plate are respectively provided with a first tension spring connected with the side wall of the first groove, and the rear side surface of the mounting plate is provided with a second tension spring connected with the bottom surface of the first groove.
In the practical training system for mounting the assembled building components, the components are provided with the second grooves, the laser sensors are arranged in the second grooves and are connected with the components through the universal assemblies, the second cover plates are arranged at the notch positions of the second grooves and are provided with light holes, and the second cover plates are connected with the components through the second screws.
In the practical training system for installing the assembled building components, the universal assembly comprises a bottom plate, the bottom plate is fixed with the bottom surface of the second groove through a third screw, the bottom plate is connected with an adjusting plate through a connecting rod, the end part of the connecting rod is provided with a first sphere hinged with an adjusting cricket, the adjusting plate is provided with a laser sensor, the adjusting plate is provided with two parallel screws, the screws are in threaded connection with the bottom plate, the screws are provided with a second sphere hinged with the adjusting cricket, and the end part of the screws is provided with a rotating block.
In the practical training system for installing the assembled building components, the baffle is arranged on the screw, the baffle is positioned between the adjusting plate and the bottom surface of the second groove, the pressure spring is sleeved on the screw, and the pressure spring is positioned between the baffle and the bottom surface of the second groove.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the laser sensor is arranged on the component, the plurality of reference points are preset on the practical training field, signals are generated through interaction between the laser sensor and the reference points, the position degree of each component installed after practical training is automatically detected, the inclination sensor is arranged in the component, the levelness or the position degree of each component installed after practical training is automatically detected, the detection result is fed back to the display, a teacher can know the on-site measurement result in time conveniently, the consumed time of the on-site measurement stage is greatly reduced, sufficient analysis time and comment time of practical training problems are reserved for the teacher, and the learning effect of the student is improved.
The invention fixes the inclination sensor and the module on the mounting plate, and uses four first tension springs to make the mounting plate in a suspended state, so that the inclination sensor and the module can be buffered when the components are subjected to severe collision, thereby reducing the failure rate of the inclination sensor and the module, i.e. reducing the maintenance frequency of the invention. Because the four first tension springs are basically positioned on the same plane, when the components are subjected to severe collision, the mounting plate swings back and forth for a long time under the elastic action of the first tension springs, the detection of the inclination sensor is influenced, the rotation of the mounting plate can be stopped only by standing the components for a long time, the detection data of the inclination sensor can be accurate, and the time consumption of the field measurement stage is long.
Since the laser sensor inside the component corresponds to the position of the datum point, the irradiation direction of the laser sensor needs to pass through the datum point to accurately detect the position degree of the component, and therefore the laser sensor is required to have an angle adjusting function. There is universal subassembly on the market also can realize laser sensor's universal angle adjustment, but discovers at experimental stage that current universal subassembly auto-lock power is poor, and when the component received violent collision, laser sensor's angle changes very much to lead to measuring result to appear great error. Therefore, the structure of the universal assembly is redesigned, the laser sensor is fixed by the adjusting plate, the adjusting plate and the connecting rod are hinged, the connecting rod and the component are fixed, the universal rotation center of the adjusting plate is determined, the inclination angles of the adjusting plate in two directions are adjusted by utilizing two screw rods hinged with the adjusting plate ball, the universal angle adjustment of the adjusting plate is realized by combining the inclination angles in the two directions, and after the adjustment is finished, the inclination angle of the adjusting plate is fixed, namely the irradiation direction of the laser sensor is determined, but under the impact action, the screw rod is loosened with a certain probability, so that the irradiation direction of the laser sensor is changed, and the screw rod is required to be locked. The best locking mode is that a nut is arranged on the screw rod, when the inclination angle of the adjusting plate is adjusted, the nut is loosened, and when the inclination angle of the adjusting plate is adjusted, the nut is locked to press the bottom plate, but due to insufficient operation space, a tool is difficult to extend into the second concave cavity to lock the nut. Therefore, the invention can effectively avoid the change of the inclination angle of the adjusting plate when the component is collided by sleeving the compression spring on the screw rod and loosening the screw rod by utilizing the compression spring, namely, the irradiation direction of the laser sensor is ensured not to be changed by the collision action of the component, and the accuracy of the field measurement result is ensured.
Therefore, the invention has the advantages of reducing the time consumption of the field measurement stage, along with low maintenance frequency and accurate measurement result.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a square plate-shaped element.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the elongated member.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 2 at A-A.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 2 at B-B.
Fig. 6 is a right side view of the adjustment plate of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of a column and beam combination lifting implementation.
Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of the combined hoisting of wall panels and floor slabs.
The marks in the drawings are: 1-member, 2-reference point, 3-module, 4-laser sensor, 5-tilt sensor, 6-computing device, 7-display, 9-first cover plate, 10-first groove, 11-first screw, 12-mounting plate, 13-first tension spring, 14-second tension spring, 15-second groove, 16-second cover plate, 17-light hole, 18-second screw, 19-bottom plate, 20-third screw, 21-connecting rod, 22-adjusting plate, 23-first sphere, 24-screw, 25-second sphere, 26-rotating block, 27-baffle, 28-compression spring, 29-beam, 30-column, 31-wallboard, 32-floor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1. The method comprises the steps that a training system is installed on a fabricated building component 1, and the fabricated building component comprises a plurality of components 1, a plurality of datum points 2 fixed on a training field and terminals, as shown in fig. 1; a module 3 with a wireless transmission function is arranged in the component 1, a storage battery is integrated on the module 3, the wireless transmission function is realized by utilizing a wifi board card, a laser sensor 4 is arranged on the component 1, an inclination sensor 5 is arranged in the component 1, and the laser sensor 4 and the inclination sensor 5 are connected with the module 3; the terminal comprises a computing device 6 and a display 7.
When the component 1 is long, such as a column 30 and a beam 29, two laser sensors 4 on the component 1 are positioned on the same side wall of the component 1, and the two laser sensors 4 are respectively positioned at two ends of the component 1; when the component 1 is square plate-shaped, such as a wallboard 31 and a floor 32, four laser sensors 4 on the component 1 are positioned on the same side wall of the component 1, and the four laser sensors 4 are respectively close to four corners of the component 1.
The datum point 2 is a reflecting plate, the reflecting plate can be directly fixed with the ground and can be lifted by a bracket, and the position of the reflecting plate is recorded in the computing device 6.
The computing device 6 is a computer connected with the display 7, and a receiver with a wireless receiving function is arranged on the computer.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the component 1 is provided with a first groove 10, the first groove 10 and the laser sensor 4 are located on the same side wall of the component 1, a module 3 and an inclination sensor 5 are arranged in the first groove 10, a first cover plate 9 is arranged at the notch of the first groove 10, and the first cover plate 9 is connected with the component 1 through a first screw 11.
As shown in fig. 4, a square mounting plate 12 is disposed in the first groove 10, the module 3 and the tilt sensor 5 are fixed on the front side surface of the mounting plate 12, the four corners of the mounting plate 12 are respectively provided with a first tension spring 13 connected with the side wall of the first groove 10, and the rear side surface of the mounting plate 12 is provided with a second tension spring 14 connected with the bottom surface of the first groove 10.
As shown in fig. 5, the member 1 is provided with a second groove 15, the second groove 15 is internally provided with a laser sensor 4, the laser sensor 4 is connected with the member 1 through a universal assembly, the notch of the second groove 15 is provided with a second cover plate 16, the second cover plate 16 is provided with a light hole 17, and the second cover plate 16 is connected with the member 1 through a second screw 18. For the strip-shaped component 1, two second grooves 15 are respectively arranged at two ends of the component 1; for a square plate-shaped element 1, the second grooves 15 are four at the four corners of the element 1, respectively.
The universal assembly comprises a bottom plate 19, the bottom plate 19 is fixed with the bottom surface of the second groove 15 through a third screw 20, the bottom plate 19 is connected with an adjusting plate 22 through a connecting rod 21, the end part of the connecting rod 21 is provided with a first sphere 23 which is in ball joint with the adjusting plate 22, the adjusting plate 22 is provided with a laser sensor 4, the laser sensor 4 is locked by nuts after being screwed with the adjusting plate 22, the adjusting plate 22 is provided with two parallel screws 24, two ends of each screw 24 are respectively positioned at two sides of the adjusting plate 22, each screw 24 is screwed with the bottom plate 19, each screw 24 is provided with a second sphere 25 which is in ball joint with the adjusting plate 22, and the end part of each screw 24 is provided with a rotating block 26. The first sphere 23 and the two second spheres 25 are located at three vertices of a triangle, respectively.
The screw 24 is provided with a baffle 27, the baffle 27 is positioned between the adjusting plate 22 and the bottom surface of the second groove 15, the screw 24 is sleeved with a pressure spring 28, and the pressure spring 28 is positioned between the baffle 27 and the bottom surface of the second groove 15.
Embodiment 2 is different from embodiment 1 in that the computing device 6 is a cloud platform, and the display 7 is an industrial touch screen with wireless transceiving function.
The application of the invention: in combination with the actual hoisting operation, the training field is generally divided into two parts:
First part as shown in fig. 7, a set of members 1 comprises a beam 29 and two columns 30, which are used to simulate the hoisting of the beam 29 and the columns 30 in an actual building, and a trainee needs to hoist the two columns 30 first and then hoist and mount the beam 29 to the two columns 30. The two columns 30 are required to be accurate in position and vertical to the ground; the beam 29 is required to be precisely positioned and level with the ground. On the ground of the training field of the first part, according to the installation result in an ideal state, corresponding preset datum points 2 are arranged on the same side of the installation result, wherein two datum points 2 are directly fixed with the ground, and the other four datum points 2 can be elevated through a bracket. On the training field of the first part, the laser sensors 4 on the beams 29, 30 are oriented to the same side as the installation result in the ideal state.
Second part as shown in figure 8, a set of elements 1 comprises two wall panels 31 and a floor 32. For simulating the combined installation of the wall plates 31 and the floor plates 32 in an actual building, a student needs to lift the two wall plates 31 first and then lift and erect the floor plates 32 on the two wall plates 31. The wall plate 31 is required to be accurate in position and vertical to the ground; the floor 32 is required to be precisely positioned and level with the ground. On the ground of the training field of the second part, according to the installation result in an ideal state, corresponding preset datum points 2 are all positioned at the inner side of the installation result, four datum points 2 are directly fixed with the ground, and eight datum points 2 are elevated through a bracket. On the training field of the second part, in the ideal installation result, the laser sensors 4 on the wall plate 31 and the floor slab 32 face to the inner side of the installation result.
Working principle of example 1: according to the training content, the laser sensor 4 on each component 1 is adjusted in angle to align the irradiation direction of the laser sensor with the corresponding datum point 2. By rotating the turning blocks 26 on the two screws 24, respectively, the inclination angles of the adjusting plate 22 in both directions, which determine the irradiation direction of the laser sensor 4, can be adjusted. The laser sensor 4 detects the distance of the respective parts of the component 1 from the respective reference points 2, generates a first signal, sends it to the module 3, and the module 3 sends the first signal to a computer, where the reference positions are formed. The individual components 1 are then split for training by the trainee. After the trainee finishes the training, each laser sensor 4 generates a second signal according to the distance between the corresponding datum points 2, sends the second signal to the module 3, forms an actual position in the computer, compares the actual position with the datum positions, calculates a difference value, namely the difference between the training result and the installation result in an ideal state in a plurality of positions, and feeds back the difference value to the display 7, so that the teacher can quickly judge the installation position accuracy of each component 1. Meanwhile, the inclination angle sensor 5 inside each component 1 detects the levelness or verticality of the corresponding component 1, and the levelness or verticality of each component 1 is sent to a computer through the module 3, and the computer sends the levelness or verticality of each component 1 to the display 7, so that a teacher can quickly judge the levelness or verticality of each component 1.
The working principle of the embodiment 2 is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the first signal and the second signal sent by the module 3 are transmitted to the cloud platform, the cloud platform feeds back the operation result to the industrial touch screen, and the operation result can be checked by using the mobile phone remotely.
The invention has the advantages of reduced time consumption in the field measurement stage, low maintenance frequency and accurate measurement result.
Claims (4)
1. Real standard system of assembled building element installation, its characterized in that: comprises a plurality of components (1), a plurality of datum points (2) fixed on a training field and a terminal; a module (3) with a wireless transmission function is arranged in the component (1), a laser sensor (4) is arranged on the component (1), an inclination sensor (5) is arranged in the component (1), and the laser sensor (4) and the inclination sensor (5) are connected with the module (3); the terminal comprises a computing device (6) and a display (7);
at least two laser sensors (4) are arranged on the same side wall of the component (1);
The datum point (2) is a reflecting sheet, and the position of the reflecting sheet is recorded into a calculating device (6);
The component (1) is provided with a first groove (10), the first groove (10) and the laser sensor (4) are positioned on the same side wall of the component (1), a module (3) and an inclination sensor (5) are arranged in the first groove (10), a first cover plate (9) is arranged at a notch of the first groove (10), and the first cover plate (9) is connected with the component (1) through a first screw (11);
A square mounting plate (12) is arranged in the first groove (10), the module (3) and the inclination sensor (5) are fixed on the front side surface of the mounting plate (12), the four corners of the mounting plate (12) are respectively provided with a first tension spring (13) connected with the side wall of the first groove (10), and the rear side surface of the mounting plate (12) is provided with a second tension spring (14) connected with the bottom surface of the first groove (10);
The component (1) is provided with a second groove (15), the laser sensor (4) is arranged in the second groove (15), the laser sensor (4) is connected with the component (1) through a universal assembly, a second cover plate (16) is arranged at a notch of the second groove (15), a light hole (17) is formed in the second cover plate (16), and the second cover plate (16) is connected with the component (1) through a second screw (18);
The universal assembly comprises a bottom plate (19), the bottom plate (19) is fixed with the bottom surface of a second groove (15) through a third screw (20), the bottom plate (19) is connected with an adjusting plate (22) through a connecting rod (21), the end part of the connecting rod (21) is provided with a first sphere (23) which is in ball joint with the adjusting plate (22), the adjusting plate (22) is provided with a laser sensor (4), the adjusting plate (22) is provided with two parallel screws (24), the screws (24) are in threaded connection with the bottom plate (19), the screws (24) are provided with second spheres (25) which are in ball joint with the adjusting plate (22), and the end part of the screws (24) is provided with a rotating block (26).
2. The fabricated building element installation training system of claim 1, wherein: the computing device (6) is a computer connected with the display (7), and a receiver with a wireless receiving function is arranged on the computer.
3. The fabricated building element installation training system of claim 1, wherein: the computing device (6) is a cloud platform, and the display (7) is an industrial touch screen with a wireless receiving and transmitting function.
4. The fabricated building element installation training system of claim 1, wherein: be equipped with baffle (27) on screw rod (24), baffle (27) are located between the bottom surface of regulating plate (22) and second recess (15), the cover has pressure spring (28) on screw rod (24), and pressure spring (28) are located between the bottom surface of baffle (27) and second recess (15).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111450814.1A CN113947967B (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Real standard system of assembled building element installation |
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| CN202111450814.1A CN113947967B (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Real standard system of assembled building element installation |
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| CN113947967A CN113947967A (en) | 2022-01-18 |
| CN113947967B true CN113947967B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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