CN113947967A - Installation training system for assembly type building components - Google Patents

Installation training system for assembly type building components Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113947967A
CN113947967A CN202111450814.1A CN202111450814A CN113947967A CN 113947967 A CN113947967 A CN 113947967A CN 202111450814 A CN202111450814 A CN 202111450814A CN 113947967 A CN113947967 A CN 113947967A
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China
Prior art keywords
component
assembly type
type building
training system
plate
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CN202111450814.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113947967B (en
Inventor
戚甘红
张琨
何慧荣
信思源
陈建强
龙照华
杜国平
缪诗祥
瞿诚意
吴笑丹
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Zhejiang Taixue Technology Group Co Ltd
Heilongjiang College of Construction
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Zhejiang Taixue Technology Group Co Ltd
Heilongjiang College of Construction
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Priority to CN202111450814.1A priority Critical patent/CN113947967B/en
Publication of CN113947967A publication Critical patent/CN113947967A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B9/00Simulators for teaching or training purposes

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type building component installation training system, which is characterized in that: the training device comprises a plurality of components (1), a plurality of datum points (2) and terminals, wherein the datum points (2) are fixed on a training field; a module (3) with a wireless sending function is arranged in the component (1), a laser sensor (4) is arranged on the component (1), an inclination angle sensor (5) is arranged in the component (1), and the laser sensor (4) and the inclination angle sensor (5) are both connected with the module (3); the terminal comprises a computing device (6) and a display (7); the number of the laser sensors (4) is at least two, and the laser sensors are positioned on the same side wall of the component (1). The invention has the advantages of reducing the consumption time in the field measurement stage, along with low maintenance frequency and accurate measurement result.

Description

Installation training system for assembly type building components
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of practical training of building component installation, and particularly relates to an assembly type building component installation practical training system.
Background
The assembled component is divided according to the shape, comprises a square plate shape and a long strip shape, and is divided according to the function, comprises a column, a wallboard, a floor slab, a beam and the like, and has wide application in the building. In order to ensure the hoisting precision of the component, an operator generally carries out multiple times of practical training before going on duty, namely, multiple times of simulated hoisting installation operation is carried out on a practical training site, and the operator can go on duty after reaching a certain skill level.
In the practical training field, after the practical training is completed every time, the assessment teacher measures on the spot to measure the accuracy of each installed component, including levelness, verticality and position, so as to verify whether the hoisting result meets the standard requirements, and score the component as the student score, and then comment, summarize the problems, analyze the reasons for the problems, so as to help the students to better summarize the experience and improve the learning effect.
Due to the fact that the number of the components is large, each component needs to measure multiple parameters, and some components are hung at a high position and are difficult to measure, and time consumed in the field measurement stage is very long. The training device is characterized in that a plurality of members are various, the size is large, the cost is high, the lifting equipment is expensive, a plurality of sets of members cannot be arranged on a training field, a plurality of students usually share one set of members for training, after the former student completes training, field measurement, scoring and commenting, the member needs to be restored into an independent part, and then the next student performs training, field measurement, scoring and commenting again and continuously circulates until all the students complete training. Because the time consumed in the field measurement stage is very long, in order to ensure that all students can participate in the practical training, a teacher necessarily compresses the comment time, so that the practical training problem analysis is not in place, and the like, and the learning effect of the students is influenced.
Therefore, a new practical training system is needed, which reduces the time consumption in the field measurement stage, and provides sufficient evaluation time for teachers to better improve the learning effect of students.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an assembly type building component installation training system. The invention has the advantages of reducing the consumption time in the field measurement stage, along with low maintenance frequency and accurate measurement result.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the assembly type building component installation training system comprises a plurality of components, a plurality of datum points and terminals, wherein the datum points and the terminals are fixed on a training site; a module with a wireless transmitting function is arranged in the component, a laser sensor is arranged on the component, an inclination angle sensor is arranged in the component, and the laser sensor and the inclination angle sensor are both connected with the module; the terminal includes a computing device and a display.
In the practical training system for installation of the fabricated building component, at least two laser sensors are arranged on the same side wall of the component.
In the practical training system for installation of the prefabricated building components, the reference point is a reflector plate, and the position of the reflector plate is recorded in the computing device.
In the practical training system for installation of the assembly type building components, the computing device is a computer connected with the display, and the computer is provided with a receiver with a wireless receiving function.
In the practical training system for mounting the assembly type building components, the computing device is a cloud platform, and the display has an industrial touch screen with a wireless transceiving function.
In the practical training system for mounting the assembly type building component, the component is provided with a first groove, the first groove and the laser sensor are located on the same side wall of the component, a module and an inclination angle sensor are arranged in the first groove, a first cover plate is arranged at a notch of the first groove, and the first cover plate is connected with the component through a first screw.
In the practical training system for mounting the assembly type building components, the square mounting plate is arranged in the first groove, the module and the inclination angle sensor are fixed on the front side face of the mounting plate, the four corners of the mounting plate are respectively provided with a first tension spring connected with the side wall of the first groove, and the rear side face of the mounting plate is provided with a second tension spring connected with the bottom face of the first groove.
In the practical training system for mounting the assembly type building component, the component is provided with the second groove, the laser sensor is arranged in the second groove, the laser sensor is connected with the component through the universal assembly, the notch of the second groove is provided with the second cover plate, the second cover plate is provided with the light hole, and the second cover plate is connected with the component through the second screw.
In the real standard system of assembled building element installation, universal subassembly includes the bottom plate, and the bottom plate passes through the third screw to be fixed with the bottom surface of second recess, and the bottom plate passes through the connecting rod and connects the regulating plate, and the tip of connecting rod is equipped with and regulating plate ball articulated first spheroid, is equipped with laser sensor on the regulating plate, is equipped with the screw rod of two parallels on the regulating plate, screw rod and bottom plate spiro union, be equipped with on the screw rod with regulating plate ball articulated second spheroid, the tip of screw rod is equipped with the turning block.
In the practical training system for mounting the assembly type building components, the screw rod is provided with the baffle plate, the baffle plate is located between the adjusting plate and the bottom surface of the second groove, the screw rod is sleeved with the pressure spring, and the pressure spring is located between the baffle plate and the bottom surface of the second groove.
Compared with the prior art, the laser sensor is arranged on the component, the plurality of reference points are preset on the training site, the laser sensor and the reference points interact to generate signals, the position degree of each component installed after training is automatically detected, the inclination angle sensor is arranged in the component to automatically detect the levelness or the position degree of each component installed after training, and the detection result is fed back to the display, so that a teacher can timely know the field measurement result, the consumption time of the field measurement stage is greatly reduced, sufficient training problem analysis time and evaluation time are reserved for the teacher, and the learning effect of a student is improved.
The invention fixes the inclination angle sensor and the module on the mounting plate, and utilizes four first tension springs to enable the mounting plate to be in a suspended state, so that the inclination angle sensor and the module can be buffered when the member is violently collided, the failure rate of the inclination angle sensor and the module is reduced, and the maintenance frequency of the invention is reduced. Because the four first tension springs are basically positioned on the same plane, when the member is violently collided, the mounting plate can swing back and forth for a long time under the elastic action of the first tension springs, the detection of the inclination angle sensor is influenced, the mounting plate can stop swinging after the member is kept still for a long time, the detection data of the inclination angle sensor can be accurate, and the on-site measurement stage can consume long time.
The laser sensor in the member corresponds to the position of the reference point, and the irradiation direction of the laser sensor must pass through the reference point to accurately detect the position degree of the member, so that the laser sensor is required to have an angle adjusting function. The universal angle adjustment of the laser sensor can be realized by the universal assembly on the market, but the self-locking force of the existing universal assembly is poor in the experimental stage, and when the member is severely collided, the angle of the laser sensor is changed greatly, so that the measuring result has larger error. Therefore, the structure of the universal assembly is redesigned, the laser sensor is fixed by the adjusting plate, the adjusting plate is in ball hinge connection with the connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixed with the component, the universal rotation center of the adjusting plate is determined, then the inclination angles of the adjusting plate in two directions are adjusted by utilizing two screw rods which are in ball hinge connection with the adjusting plate, the universal angle adjustment of the adjusting plate is realized through the combination of the inclination angles in the two directions, after the adjustment is completed, the inclination angle of the adjusting plate is fixed, namely the irradiation direction of the laser sensor is determined, but under the impact action, the screw rods are loosened with a certain probability, so that the irradiation direction of the laser sensor is changed, and the screw rods need to be locked. The best locking mode is that a nut is arranged on the screw rod, when the adjusting plate adjusts the inclination angle, the nut is loosened, after the inclination angle of the adjusting plate is adjusted, the nut is locked to press the bottom plate, but due to insufficient operation space, a tool is difficult to extend into the second cavity to lock the nut. Therefore, the invention can effectively avoid the inclination angle change of the adjusting plate when the component is collided by sleeving the pressure spring on the screw rod and utilizing the looseness of the pressure spring screw rod, namely, the irradiation direction of the laser sensor is ensured not to be changed by the collision action of the component, and the accurate on-site measurement result is ensured.
Therefore, the invention has the advantages of reducing the consumption time of the field measurement stage, along with low maintenance frequency and accurate measurement result.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a square plate-shaped member.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the elongated member.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view at a-a of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view at B-B of fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a right side view of the adjustment plate of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a practical training schematic diagram of column and beam combined hoisting.
Fig. 8 is a practical training schematic diagram of combined hoisting of the wallboard and the floor slab.
The labels in the figures are: 1-component, 2-datum point, 3-module, 4-laser sensor, 5-tilt angle sensor, 6-computing device, 7-display, 9-first cover plate, 10-first groove, 11-first screw, 12-mounting plate, 13-first tension spring, 14-second tension spring, 15-second groove, 16-second cover plate, 17-light hole, 18-second screw, 19-bottom plate, 20-third screw, 21-connecting rod, 22-adjusting plate, 23-first sphere, 24-screw rod, 25-second sphere, 26-rotating block, 27-baffle, 28-pressure spring, 29-beam, 30-column, 31-wall plate and 32-floor plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1. The assembly type building component 1 is provided with a training system, as shown in fig. 1, and comprises a plurality of components 1, a plurality of datum points 2 fixed on a training site and terminals; a module 3 with a wireless transmitting function is arranged in the component 1, a storage battery is integrated on the module 3, the wireless transmitting function is realized by using a wifi board card, a laser sensor 4 is arranged on the component 1, an inclination angle sensor 5 is arranged in the component 1, and the laser sensor 4 and the inclination angle sensor 5 are both connected with the module 3; the terminal comprises a computing means 6 and a display 7.
When the member 1 is a long strip, such as a column 30 and a beam 29, two laser sensors 4 on the member 1 are located on the same side wall of the member 1, and the two laser sensors 4 are located at two ends of the member 1 respectively; when the member 1 is in a square plate shape, such as a wall plate 31 and a floor plate 32, there are four laser sensors 4 on the member 1, and the four laser sensors 4 are located on the same side wall of the member 1, and the four laser sensors 4 are respectively close to four corners of the member 1.
The reference point 2 is a reflector plate which can be directly fixed with the ground and can be elevated through a bracket, and the position of the reflector plate is recorded in the computing device 6.
The computing device 6 is a computer connected with the display 7, and a receiver with a wireless receiving function is arranged on the computer.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a first groove 10 is formed in the component 1, the first groove 10 and the laser sensor 4 are located on the same side wall of the component 1, the module 3 and the tilt sensor 5 are arranged in the first groove 10, a first cover plate 9 is arranged at a notch of the first groove 10, and the first cover plate 9 is connected with the component 1 through a first screw 11.
As shown in fig. 4, a square mounting plate 12 is arranged in the first groove 10, the module 3 and the tilt sensor 5 are fixed on the front side surface of the mounting plate 12, first tension springs 13 connected with the side walls of the first groove 10 are arranged at the four corners of the mounting plate 12, and second tension springs 14 connected with the bottom surface of the first groove 10 are arranged on the rear side surface of the mounting plate 12.
As shown in fig. 5, a second groove 15 is formed in the member 1, a laser sensor 4 is arranged in the second groove 15, the laser sensor 4 is connected to the member 1 through a universal assembly, a second cover plate 16 is arranged at a notch of the second groove 15, a light-transmitting hole 17 is formed in the second cover plate 16, and the second cover plate 16 is connected to the member 1 through a second screw 18. For the elongated member 1, there are two second grooves 15 respectively located at two ends of the member 1; for a square plate-shaped element 1, four second recesses 15 are located at the four corners of the element 1.
Universal assembly includes bottom plate 19, and bottom plate 19 is fixed through the bottom surface of third screw 20 with second recess 15, and bottom plate 19 passes through connecting rod 21 and connects regulating plate 22, and connecting rod 21's tip is equipped with and regulating plate 22 ball articulated first spheroid 23, is equipped with laser sensor 4 on the regulating plate 22, with nut locking behind laser sensor 4 and the regulating plate 22 spiro union, be equipped with the screw rod 24 of two parallels on the regulating plate 22, the both ends of screw rod 24 are located regulating plate 22's both sides respectively, screw rod 24 and bottom plate 19 spiro union, be equipped with on the screw rod 24 with regulating plate 22 ball articulated second spheroid 25, the tip of screw rod 24 is equipped with turning block 26. The first sphere 23 and the two second spheres 25 are located at the three vertices of a triangle, respectively.
And a baffle 27 is arranged on the screw 24, the baffle 27 is positioned between the adjusting plate 22 and the bottom surface of the second groove 15, a pressure spring 28 is sleeved on the screw 24, and the pressure spring 28 is positioned between the baffle 27 and the bottom surface of the second groove 15.
Embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 in that the computing device 6 is a cloud platform, and the display 7 has an industrial touch screen with wireless transceiving function.
The application of the invention is as follows: combine together with the hoist and mount operation of reality, the real standard place generally divides into two parts:
the first part is shown in fig. 7, a set of members 1 comprises a beam 29 and two columns 30, and is used for simulating the hoisting of the beam 29 and the columns 30 in an actual building, and a student needs to hoist the two columns 30 first and then hoist and mount the beam 29 on the two columns 30. The two columns 30 are required to be accurate in position and perpendicular to the ground; the beam 29 is required to be precisely positioned and level with the ground. On the ground of the training site of the first part, according to an installation result in an ideal state, datum points 2 are correspondingly preset in advance, all datum points 2 are located on the same side of the installation result, two datum points 2 are directly fixed with the ground, and the other four datum points 2 can be erected through a support. On the first part of the training field, the laser sensors 4 on the beam 29 and the column 30 face to the same side in the ideal installation result.
Second part as shown in fig. 8, a kit of parts 1 comprises two wall panels 31 and a floor 32. For simulating the combined installation of wall panel 31 and floor panel 32 in the actual building, the student needs to hoist two wall panels 31 first, and then hoist and mount floor panel 32 on two wall panels 31. The wall plate 31 is required to be accurate in position and perpendicular to the ground; the floor 32 is required to be precisely positioned to be level with the ground. On the ground of the practical training site of the second part, according to the installation result in an ideal state, datum points 2 are correspondingly preset in advance, all the datum points are located on the inner side of the installation result, four datum points 2 are directly fixed with the ground, and eight datum points 2 are erected through a support. On the second part of the training site, in the installation result in an ideal state, the laser sensors 4 on the wall plate 31 and the floor plate 32 face the inner side of the installation result.
Working principle of example 1: firstly, continuously debugging according to the practical training content, installing an installation result in an ideal state, and then adjusting the angle of the laser sensor 4 on each component 1 to enable the irradiation direction to be aligned with the corresponding reference point 2. By rotating the turning blocks 26 on the two screws 24, respectively, the tilt angles of the adjusting plate 22 in two directions can be adjusted, and the tilt angles in two directions determine the irradiation direction of the laser sensor 4. The laser sensor 4 detects the distance of the parts of the component 1 from the respective reference points 2, generates a first signal, which is sent to the module 3, and the module 3 sends the first signal to the computer, in which the reference position is formed. Then the components 1 are disassembled to supply trainees with practical training. After the trainee finishes training, each laser sensor 4 generates a second signal according to the distance of the reference point 2 corresponding to the laser sensor, the second signal is sent to the module 3, an actual position is formed in the computer, the actual position is compared with a reference position, a difference value is calculated, namely, the difference between the training result and the installation result in an ideal state on a plurality of positions is fed back to the display 7, and the teacher can quickly judge the position accuracy of installation of each component 1. Meanwhile, the inclination angle sensor 5 in each component 1 detects the levelness or verticality of the corresponding component 1, the levelness or verticality of each component 1 is sent to the computer through the module 3, and the computer sends the levelness or verticality of each component 1 to the display 7, so that a teacher can quickly judge the levelness or verticality of each component 1.
The working principle of the embodiment 2 is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the first signal and the second signal sent by the module 3 are transmitted to the cloud platform, the cloud platform feeds back the operation result to the industrial touch screen, and the achievement can be remotely checked by using the mobile phone.
The invention has the advantages of reducing the consumption time in the field measurement stage, along with low maintenance frequency and accurate measurement result.

Claims (10)

1. Real standard system of assembled building component installation, its characterized in that: the training device comprises a plurality of components (1), a plurality of datum points (2) and terminals, wherein the datum points (2) are fixed on a training field; a module (3) with a wireless sending function is arranged in the component (1), a laser sensor (4) is arranged on the component (1), an inclination angle sensor (5) is arranged in the component (1), and the laser sensor (4) and the inclination angle sensor (5) are both connected with the module (3); the terminal comprises a computing device (6) and a display (7).
2. The assembly type building component installation training system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the laser sensors (4) is at least two, and the laser sensors are positioned on the same side wall of the component (1).
3. The assembly type building component installation training system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reference points (2) are reflective sheets, the position of which is recorded in a computing device (6).
4. The assembly type building component installation training system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the computing device (6) is a computer connected with the display (7), and a receiver with a wireless receiving function is arranged on the computer.
5. The assembly type building component installation training system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the computing device (6) is a cloud platform, and the display (7) is provided with an industrial touch screen with a wireless transceiving function.
6. The assembly type building component installation training system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the laser sensor component is characterized in that a first groove (10) is formed in the component (1), the first groove (10) and the laser sensor (4) are located on the same side wall of the component (1), a module (3) and an inclination angle sensor (5) are arranged in the first groove (10), a first cover plate (9) is arranged at the position of a notch of the first groove (10), and the first cover plate (9) is connected with the component (1) through a first screw (11).
7. The assembly type building component installation training system of claim 6, wherein: be equipped with square mounting panel (12) in first recess (10), module (3) and inclination sensor (5) are fixed on the leading flank of mounting panel (12), and the four corners department of mounting panel (12) all is equipped with and is connected first extension spring (13) with first recess (10) lateral wall, is equipped with second extension spring (14) of being connected with first recess (10) bottom surface on the trailing flank of mounting panel (12).
8. The assembly type building component installation training system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the component (1) is provided with a second groove (15), the laser sensor (4) is arranged in the second groove (15), the laser sensor (4) is connected with the component (1) through a universal assembly, a second cover plate (16) is arranged at the position of a notch of the second groove (15), the second cover plate (16) is provided with a light hole (17), and the second cover plate (16) is connected with the component (1) through a second screw (18).
9. The assembly type building component installation training system of claim 8, wherein: universal assembly includes bottom plate (19), bottom plate (19) are fixed through the bottom surface of third screw (20) with second recess (15), regulating plate (22) is connected through connecting rod (21) in bottom plate (19), the tip of connecting rod (21) is equipped with and regulating plate (22) ball-hinged first spheroid (23), be equipped with laser sensor (4) on regulating plate (22), be equipped with two parallel screw rods (24) on regulating plate (22), screw rod (24) and bottom plate (19) spiro union, be equipped with on screw rod (24) with regulating plate (22) ball-hinged second spheroid (25), the tip of screw rod (24) is equipped with turning block (26).
10. The assembly type building component installation training system of claim 9, wherein: be equipped with baffle (27) on screw rod (24), baffle (27) are located between the bottom surface of regulating plate (22) and second recess (15), the cover has pressure spring (28) on screw rod (24), and pressure spring (28) are located between the bottom surface of baffle (27) and second recess (15).
CN202111450814.1A 2021-12-01 2021-12-01 Real standard system of assembled building element installation Active CN113947967B (en)

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