CN113945849B - SOC value calculation method in charging process of lead-acid storage battery, storage battery and electric appliance - Google Patents
SOC value calculation method in charging process of lead-acid storage battery, storage battery and electric appliance Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 101100257262 Caenorhabditis elegans soc-1 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 101150114085 soc-2 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
- G01R31/379—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator for lead-acid batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
- G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for calculating an SOC value in a charging process of a lead-acid storage battery, the storage battery and an electric appliance. The method divides the lead-acid storage battery from the empty state to the full state into four continuous charging phases: the first charging stage, the second charging stage, the third charging stage and the fourth charging stage, wherein the SOC value of the first charging stage is SOC1, SOC 1=k1×v, the SOC value of the second charging stage is SOC2, SOC 2= (T1/T1) ×soc B ‑SOC A )+SOC A The SOC value of the third charging stage is SOC3; SOC 3=k2×i3, the SOC value of the fourth charging stage is SOC4, and the SOC4 corresponding to the actual charging time of the fourth charging stage is found according to the time and SOC value comparison table. The invention designs a corresponding SOC value calculation formula for each charging stage, so that the SOC value in the charging process is more accurate, and the control capability of the charging process and the service life of the battery are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lead-acid storage batteries, in particular to a method for calculating an SOC value in a charging process of a lead-acid storage battery, the storage battery and an electric appliance.
Background
The existing lead-acid storage battery is not provided with a battery management system, and only the SOC value (state of charge, SOC) in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery is roughly estimated through simple voltage of the lead-acid storage battery, and the SOC value is the ratio of the remaining capacity of the battery to the capacity of the full charge state of the battery, for example, the SOC value can be divided into 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, and 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% are still estimated values, which is not accurate. Because the accurate SOC value cannot be obtained, the charging process cannot be accurately controlled, and the service life of the lead-acid storage battery is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for calculating the SOC value of a lead-acid storage battery in the charging process, a storage battery and an electric appliance aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing a method for calculating the SOC value in the charging process of a lead-acid storage battery, and dividing the lead-acid storage battery from a discharging state to a full state into four continuous charging stages: a first charging phase, a second charging phase, a third charging phase, and a fourth charging phase;
the SOC value of the first charging stage is SOC1;
SOC1＝K1*V
wherein V is the real-time charging voltage of the lead-acid battery, k1=soc A /(Vb-Va)，SOC A For a preset SOC value of the lead-acid storage battery at the end of a first charging stage, va is a preset initial charging voltage of the first charging stage, and Vb is a preset end charging voltage of the first charging stage;
the SOC value of the second charging stage is SOC2;
SOC2＝(t1/T1)*(SOC B -SOC A )+SOC A
wherein T1 is the actual charging time in the second charging stage, T1 is the preset charging time in the second charging stage, and SOC B The preset SOC value of the lead-acid storage battery at the end of the second charging stage is set;
the SOC value of the third charging stage is SOC3;
SOC3＝K2*I3
wherein I3 is the real-time charging current of the lead-acid battery, k2=(SOC C -SOC B )/(Ib-Ia)，SOC C The method comprises the steps that a preset SOC value of the lead-acid storage battery at the end of a third charging stage is obtained, ia is a preset initial charging current of the third charging stage, and Ib is a preset end charging current of the third charging stage;
and the SOC value of the fourth charging stage is SOC4, and the SOC4 corresponding to the actual charging time of the fourth charging stage is searched according to the time and the SOC value comparison table.
Further, in the method for calculating the SOC value in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery, the SOC1 is corrected:
SOC1＝K1*V+b1
where b1 is a correction value, b1=soc A *Va/(Va-Vb)。
Further, in the method for calculating the SOC value in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery, the SOC3 is corrected:
SOC3＝K2*I3+b2
where b2 is a correction value, b2=soc C -(K2*Ib)。
Further, in the method for calculating SOC value during charging of a lead-acid battery according to the present invention, the time and SOC value comparison table includes:
the SOC4 corresponding to the initial charging time of the fourth charging stage is 99%;
and the SOC4 corresponding to the end charging time of the fourth charging stage is 100%.
Further, the method for calculating the SOC value in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery further comprises the following steps:
acquiring initial voltage of the lead-acid storage battery when charging is started each time;
searching a charging stage corresponding to the initial voltage according to the corresponding relation between the voltage and the charging stage;
and calculating the SOC value by using an SOC value calculation method corresponding to the charging stage where the initial voltage is.
Further, the method for calculating the SOC value in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery further comprises the following steps:
presetting voltage charging curves and current charging curves corresponding to the first charging stage, the second charging stage, the third charging stage and the fourth charging stage, determining the charging stage according to the obtained SOC value in the charging process, and selecting the voltage charging curve and the current charging curve corresponding to the charging stage to charge the lead-acid storage battery.
Further, in the method for calculating the SOC value in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery, va is smaller than Vb.
Furthermore, in the method for calculating the SOC value of the lead-acid storage battery in the charging process, ia is larger than Ib.
In addition, the invention also provides a lead-acid storage battery, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is connected with the memory;
the memory is used for storing a computer program;
the processor is used for executing the computer program stored in the memory to realize the steps of the method for calculating the SOC value in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery.
In addition, the invention also provides an electric appliance comprising the lead-acid storage battery.
The method for calculating the SOC value in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery, the storage battery and the electric appliance have the following beneficial effects: the invention designs a corresponding SOC value calculation formula for each charging stage, so that the SOC value in the charging process is more accurate, and the control capability of the charging process and the service life of the battery are improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a current-voltage graph of a lead-acid battery charging process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the current-voltage graph of the lead-acid battery charging process is shown with the abscissa of fig. 1 being the time axis (time units are hours) and the ordinate being the charging current and the charging voltage. In the method for calculating the SOC value during the charging process of the lead-acid battery of this embodiment, the lead-acid battery is divided into four continuous charging phases from the empty state to the full state: the first charging stage, the second charging stage, the third charging stage and the fourth charging stage correspond to the stage T0, the stage T1, the stage T2 and the stage T3 in FIG. 1 respectively, and no electric quantity exists in the lead-acid storage battery in the emptying state. The current-voltage curve diagram of the lead-acid battery charging process is described in stages below.
The preset charging voltage of the first charging stage (T0 stage) is V1, the preset initial charging voltage of the first charging stage is Va, the preset end charging voltage of the first charging stage is Vb, va is less than Vb, and the voltage V1 is gradually increased. The preset charging current is I1, and alternatively, the current I1 is a constant current.
The preset charging voltage of the second charging stage (T1 stage) is V2, the voltage V1 is gradually increased, and the preset charging current of the second charging stage is I2; alternatively, the current I2 is a constant current, and the current I2 > the current I1.
The preset charging voltage of the third charging stage (T2 stage) is V3, and alternatively, the voltage V3 is a constant voltage. The preset charging current of the third charging stage is I3, the preset initial charging current of the third charging stage is Ia, the preset ending charging current of the third charging stage is Ib, ia is larger than Ib, and the current I3 is gradually reduced.
The preset charging voltage in the fourth charging stage (T3 stage) is V4, and alternatively, the voltage V4 is a constant voltage. The preset charging current in the fourth charging stage is I4, and the current I4 gradually decreases.
Further, the SOC maximum value of each charging stage is actually measured according to the battery characteristics after the dividing stage, and it can be understood that the SOC value at the end of charging of each charging stage is maximum, so the SOC value at the end of each charging stage is selected as the SOC maximum value of the charging stage. The maximum value of SOC in the first charge phase is SOC as obtained by actual measurement A The maximum value of the SOC in the second charging stage is SOC B The maximum value of the SOC in the third charging stage is SOC C SOC of the fourth charging stage is the mostThe large value is SOC D . Alternatively, SOC A The value of (2) is 20% and SOC B Has a value of 75% and SOC C The value of (2) is 98%, SOC D The value of (2) is 100%.
It can be understood that since the voltage and current characteristics of the lead-acid battery are different in each charging stage, the SOC value calculation method corresponding to each charging stage is also different, and the present embodiment designs a corresponding SOC value calculation formula for each charging stage, which is described below.
1. The SOC value of the first charging stage is SOC1;
SOC1＝K1*V
where V is the real-time charging voltage of the lead-acid battery, k1=soc A /(Vb-Va)，SOC A For a preset SOC value of the lead-acid storage battery at the end of the first charging stage, va is a preset initial charging voltage of the first charging stage, vb is a preset end charging voltage of the first charging stage, and Va < Vb.
2. The SOC value of the second charging stage is SOC2;
SOC2＝(t1/T1)*(SOC B -SOC A )+SOC A
wherein T1 is the actual charging time in the second charging stage, T1 is the preset charging time in the second charging stage, and SOC B The preset SOC value of the lead-acid storage battery at the end of the second charging stage.
3. The SOC value of the third charging stage is SOC3;
SOC3＝K2*I3
wherein I3 is the real-time charging current of the lead-acid battery, k2= (SOC) C -SOC B )/(Ib-Ia)，SOC C For the preset SOC value of the lead-acid storage battery at the end of the third charging stage, ia is the preset initial charging current of the third charging stage, ib is the preset end charging current of the third charging stage, and Ia is more than Ib.
4. And the SOC value of the fourth charging stage is SOC4, and the SOC4 corresponding to the actual charging time of the fourth charging stage is searched according to the time and the SOC value comparison table.
In the embodiment, a corresponding SOC value calculation formula is designed for each charging stage, so that the SOC value in the charging process is more accurate, and the control capability of the charging process and the service life of the battery are improved.
In the method for calculating the SOC value during the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery according to some embodiments, in order to improve the accuracy of the SOC value during the first charging stage, the SOC1 may be modified:
SOC1＝K1*V+b1
where b1 is a correction value, b1=soc A *Va/(Va-Vb)。
In the method for calculating the SOC value during the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery according to some embodiments, to improve the accuracy of the SOC value during the third charging stage, the SOC3 may be modified:
SOC3＝K2*I3+b2
where b2 is a correction value, b2=soc C -(K2*Ib)。
In some embodiments of the method for calculating SOC value during charging of a lead-acid battery, the time and SOC value lookup table includes: the SOC4 corresponding to the start charging time of the fourth charging stage is 99%, and the SOC4 corresponding to the end charging time of the fourth charging stage is 100%. It can be appreciated that the time and SOC value comparison table is set according to specific parameters of the lead-acid battery.
In the SOC value calculation method during the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery according to some embodiments, considering that the lead-acid storage battery is not charged from the battery empty state every time, but a portion of the electric quantity is already stored, the correspondence relationship between the voltage and the charging phases, that is, the correspondence relationship between the voltage and the first charging phase, the second charging phase, the third charging phase, and the fourth charging phase is preset in this embodiment. And acquiring initial voltage of the lead-acid storage battery when charging is started each time, and searching a charging stage corresponding to the initial voltage according to the corresponding relation between the voltage and the charging stage. After the charging stage is determined, calculating the SOC value by using an SOC value calculation method corresponding to the charging stage where the initial voltage is located. For example, if the charging phase corresponding to the initial voltage is the second charging phase, the SOC value is calculated according to the SOC value calculation method of the second charging phase.
In some embodiments of the method for calculating SOC values during charging of a lead-acid battery, a voltage charging curve and a current charging curve corresponding to the first charging stage, the second charging stage, the third charging stage and the fourth charging stage are preset. And calculating the SOC value of the lead-acid storage battery in real time in the charging process, determining a charging stage according to the obtained SOC value, and selecting a voltage charging curve and a current charging curve corresponding to the charging stage to charge the lead-acid storage battery so as to realize accurate control of the charging process.
In a preferred embodiment, the lead-acid battery of this embodiment comprises a memory and a processor, the processor being coupled to the memory; the memory is used for storing a computer program; the processor is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the method for calculating the SOC value during the charging process of the lead-acid battery as in the above embodiment. The lead-acid storage battery of the embodiment designs a corresponding SOC value calculation formula for each charging stage, so that the SOC value in the charging process is more accurate, and the control capability of the charging process and the service life of the battery are improved
In a preferred embodiment, the appliance of this embodiment includes a lead-acid battery as in the previous embodiments, the lead-acid battery providing electrical energy to the battery. Alternatively, in order to facilitate the user to timely know the real-time SOC value of the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery, the electric appliance further comprises a display screen for displaying the SOC value, and the display screen displays the SOC value in the charging process in real time.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative elements and steps are described above generally in terms of functionality in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may be disposed in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same according to the content of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made with the scope of the claims should be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for calculating the SOC value in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery is characterized by dividing the state of the lead-acid storage battery from the emptying state to the full state into four continuous charging stages: a first charging phase, a second charging phase, a third charging phase, and a fourth charging phase;
the SOC value of the first charging stage is SOC1;
SOC1＝K1*V
wherein V is the real-time charging voltage of the lead-acid battery, k1=soc A /(Vb-Va)，SOC A For a preset SOC value of the lead-acid storage battery at the end of a first charging stage, va is a preset initial charging voltage of the first charging stage, and Vb is a preset end charging voltage of the first charging stage;
the SOC value of the second charging stage is SOC2;
SOC2＝(t1/T1)*(SOC B -SOC A )+SOC A
wherein T1 is the actual charging time in the second charging stage, T1 is the preset charging time in the second charging stage, and SOC B For the leadThe preset SOC value of the acid storage battery at the end of the second charging stage;
the SOC value of the third charging stage is SOC3;
SOC3＝K2*I3
wherein I3 is the real-time charging current of the lead-acid battery, k2= (SOC C -SOC B )/(Ib-Ia)，SOC C The method comprises the steps that a preset SOC value of the lead-acid storage battery at the end of a third charging stage is obtained, ia is a preset initial charging current of the third charging stage, and Ib is a preset end charging current of the third charging stage;
and the SOC value of the fourth charging stage is SOC4, and the SOC4 corresponding to the actual charging time of the fourth charging stage is searched according to the time and the SOC value comparison table.
2. The method for calculating the SOC value during charging of a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the SOC1 is corrected:
SOC1＝K1*V+b1
where b1 is a correction value, b1=soc A *Va/(Va-Vb)。
3. The method for calculating the SOC value during charging of a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the SOC3 is corrected:
SOC3＝K2*I3+b2
where b2 is a correction value, b2=soc C -(K2*Ib)。
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the time and SOC value lookup table comprises:
the SOC4 corresponding to the initial charging time of the fourth charging stage is 99%;
and the SOC4 corresponding to the end charging time of the fourth charging stage is 100%.
5. The method for calculating the SOC value during charging of a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
acquiring initial voltage of the lead-acid storage battery when charging is started each time;
searching a charging stage corresponding to the initial voltage according to the corresponding relation between the voltage and the charging stage;
and calculating the SOC value by using an SOC value calculation method corresponding to the charging stage where the initial voltage is.
6. The method for calculating the SOC value during charging of a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
presetting voltage charging curves and current charging curves corresponding to the first charging stage, the second charging stage, the third charging stage and the fourth charging stage, determining the charging stage according to the obtained SOC value in the charging process, and selecting the voltage charging curve and the current charging curve corresponding to the charging stage to charge the lead-acid storage battery.
7. The method for calculating the SOC value during charging of a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein Va < Vb.
8. The method for calculating the SOC value during charging of a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein Ia > Ib.
9. A lead-acid storage battery, which is characterized by comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is connected with the memory;
the memory is used for storing a computer program;
the processor is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the lead-acid battery charging process SOC value calculation method as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electrical appliance comprising the lead acid battery of claim 9.
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