CN113945201B - Method for observing sand content under strong surge condition - Google Patents
Method for observing sand content under strong surge condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN113945201B CN113945201B CN202111211481.7A CN202111211481A CN113945201B CN 113945201 B CN113945201 B CN 113945201B CN 202111211481 A CN202111211481 A CN 202111211481A CN 113945201 B CN113945201 B CN 113945201B
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000242541 Trematoda Species 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an observation method of sand content under a strong surge condition. The method can avoid risk areas to observe multiple stations and any areas, reduces the construction and measurement cost, and is convenient for the extraction of collected data and the maintenance of instruments. The method comprises the following steps: and (3) a step of: assembling the observation equipment; and II: transporting the assembled observation equipment to a river surface of a strong tidal bore to throw anchor hooks, wherein the throwing directions of the two anchor hooks are opposite to each other, one anchor hook throws in the direction close to the shore, and the other anchor hook throws in the direction far from the shore; thirdly,: if the tide is rising: the anchor rope far away from the shore is in a tightening state, and the data collected by the turbidimeter on the anchor rope at the end is also the data of the sand content near the middle of the relative water depth; fourth, the method comprises the following steps: if the tide falls, the following conditions are: the anchor rope near the shore direction is in a tight state, and the data collected by the turbidimeter on the anchor rope at the end is also the data of the sand content near the middle of the relative water depth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering detection, in particular to a method for observing sand content under a strong surge condition.
Background
The estuary coastal area has high degree of urbanization, the population is the most dense, the economy is developed, and the regional scientific research work importance is more prominent. The water body sand content is important basic data for grasping hydrologic characteristics of estuary coastal environments and developing basic theoretical research and engineering practice application.
The water flow movement in the estuary coastal environment is affected by the tide fluctuation, and belongs to the bidirectional water flow, which is different from the unidirectional water flow characteristic in the river condition. Particularly, the river mouth with tidal bore has strong power, and the water level and the flow speed have abrupt change when the tidal bore arrives, for example, the water level can be suddenly increased by more than 2m in a few minutes when the tidal bore arrives in the qian tangjiang river, the water flow direction is suddenly changed from the falling tide to the rising tide, and the drastic river sediment change of the river bed is caused. The water and sand movement characteristics under the tidal bore conditions bring great difficulty to the field observation of the sand content, and particularly the strong power of the tidal bore brings great potential safety hazard to the safety of the field manual observation. The research and development of the sand content observation equipment suitable for tidal bore is to track the topography transition and the water and sand movement change of the estuary Jiang Dao, adjust the mode and the strength of human activities in time, support disaster prevention and reduction, water conservancy management and resource development and utilization services on both sides, and provide important basic data support for future river bay treatment and development.
In the past, the OBS sand content observation only observes surface layer (water depth of 0.5 m below the river surface), the surface layer data is greatly influenced by external environment, the actual change of an observation vertical line and the characteristic condition of the sand content of the river basin cannot be completely reflected, the middle layer sand content and the vertical line sand content have good corresponding relation, and in order to cope with the research and actual engineering demonstration requirements of the estuary hydrologic characteristics, the sand content characteristics near the middle layer relative to the water depth need to be observed.
The traditional foundation construction measuring pile scheme can be realized in other inland water areas, but is difficult to realize in strong tidal estuaries, and the construction cost and the maintenance cost are high; in addition, because the tidal bore has high flow speed and strong impact force, the manual sampling is carried out by long-term berthing, which is unsafe and can bring serious threat to the life safety of site observers.
For example, 1, traditional manual water sampling mode: the flow speed of the qian tangjiang river is high, and the sampler cannot be completely put down, namely, the sampler floats along with the water flow after being put into a water body, so that the sand content data cannot be obtained. 2. Manual sampling is carried out by adopting a ship berthing mode, long-time continuous observation cannot be ensured, personnel are required to exchange, ships are required to be supplied, the ships are easy to sink and roll over during the period of heavy tide, and safety production accidents occur; 3. the operation mode of directly fixing the measuring instrument at the bottom of the observation platform can cause the instrument to drag down in the low tide period due to large tide difference (the tide difference can reach more than 8 meters in the astronomical high tide period), and only the surface layer data can be measured in the high tide period, and the middle layer data cannot be observed. 4. The construction method for pouring the fixed piles by adopting the engineering ship has the advantages that the construction cost is high, the movement of the qian tang river bed is fast, the river bed is easy to scour and deposit, the scouring and depositing amplitude can reach more than 5 meters within several months, the stability of the fixed piles can not be ensured, and meanwhile, the method is not suitable for observing the sand content of a plurality of stations in a large range.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a method for observing the sand content under strong tidal conditions to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an observation method for sand content under strong surge condition, which can avoid risk areas to observe multiple stations and any areas, reduce the construction and measurement cost, and facilitate the extraction of collected data and the maintenance of instruments so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an observation method of sand content under strong tidal bore conditions, the method comprising the steps of:
and (3) a step of: assembling the observation device: respectively binding anchor hooks on two ends of the observation platform through anchor ropes; the observation platform is provided with a locator for locating and a flow measuring device for measuring the flow velocity; a turbidity meter for measuring the turbidity of tidal water is arranged at the middle ends of anchor ropes at the two ends of the observation platform;
and II: transporting the assembled observation equipment to a river surface of a strong tidal bore to throw anchor hooks, wherein the throwing directions of the two anchor hooks are opposite to each other, one anchor hook throws in the direction close to the shore, and the other anchor hook throws in the direction far from the shore;
thirdly,: if the tide is rising: the anchor rope far away from the shore is in a tightening state, and the data collected by the turbidimeter on the anchor rope at the end is also the data of the sand content near the middle of the relative water depth;
fourth, the method comprises the following steps: if the tide falls, the following conditions are: the anchor rope near the shore direction is in a tight state, and the data collected by the turbidimeter on the anchor rope at the end is also the data of the sand content near the middle of the relative water depth.
As a further scheme of the invention: the observation platform floats on the river surface.
As a further scheme of the invention: the turbidity meter is arranged on an anchor rope between the observation platform and the anchor hook through a fixed sleeve.
As a further scheme of the invention: the two ends of the fixed sleeve are both provided with movable locks, and the movable locks are tied on the anchor rope.
As a further scheme of the invention: the length of the anchor rope is 1.2-2.0 of the depth of the river surface.
As a further scheme of the invention: the static river surface throws the anchor hooks, and the distance between the two anchor hooks and the observation platform is the same during throwing.
As a further scheme of the invention: the included angle between the two anchor ropes and the observation platform is 120-145 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the observation platform is provided with anchor hooks through two ends, the anchor hooks are thrown and fixed in an observation water area, and the planes of the two anchor hooks are consistent with the direction of the rising tide or the falling tide, namely one anchor hook is thrown in the direction close to the shore, and the other anchor hook is thrown in the direction far away from the shore. According to the actual water depth, turbidity meters are fixed at the middle ends of the anchor ropes far away from the shore direction and the anchor ropes near the shore direction. And (3) comparing the turbidity with the sand content in the room through the on-site water sample, and establishing a turbid sand relation so as to determine the sand content value of the measuring point.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an installation of a turbidity meter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing an effect in the tide state in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph showing an effect of the present invention in a moisture falling state.
The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows: river surface 1, river bottom 2, observation platform 3, locator 31, current measuring device 32, anchor 33, anchor rope 35, turbidity meter 331, fixed sleeve 3313, observation probe 3311, movable lock 3312.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for observing a sand content under a strong tidal bore condition is shown in fig. 1 to 4, and the method includes the following steps:
and (3) a step of: assembling the observation device: binding two ends of the observation platform 3 with anchor hooks 33 through anchor ropes 35 respectively; the observation platform 3 is provided with a locator 31 for locating and a flow measuring device 32 for measuring the flow rate; a turbidity meter 331 for measuring the turbidity of the tide is arranged on the middle end of the anchor rope 35 at the two ends of the observation platform 3;
and II: the assembled observation equipment is transported to a river surface 1 with strong tidal current to throw anchor hooks 33, the throwing directions of the two anchor hooks 33 are opposite, one anchor hook 33 is thrown in the direction close to the shore, and the other anchor hook 33 is thrown in the direction far away from the shore;
thirdly,: if the tide is rising: the anchor rope 35 far away from the shore is in a tightening state, and the data collected by the turbidimeter 331 on the anchor rope 35 at the end is also the data of the sand content near the middle of the relative water depth;
fourth, the method comprises the following steps: if the tide falls, the following conditions are: the anchor line 35 near the shore is in a tight state, and the data collected by the turbidimeter 331 on the anchor line 35 is also the data of the sand content near the middle of the relative water depth.
In this embodiment, the observation platform floats on the river surface.
In this embodiment, the turbidity meter is mounted on an anchor line 35 between the observation platform 3 and the anchor hook 33 by means of a fixed sleeve 3313. Both ends of the fixed sleeve 3313 are provided with movable catches 3312, and the movable catches 3312 are tied on the anchor line 35.
In this embodiment, the length of the anchor line 35 is 1.5 times the depth of the river. The static river surface throws the anchor hooks 33, and the distance between the two anchor hooks 33 and the observation platform 3 is the same during throwing. The angle between the two anchor lines 35 and the observation platform 3 is 135 °.
It can be understood that the observation platform 3 floats on the river surface 1, the anchor hook 33 is sunk on the river bottom 2, and the observation platform 3 is provided with a locator 31 for locating. The observation platform 3 is provided with a flow measuring device 32 for measuring the flow velocity. In this embodiment, the estuary tide is constrained by the shoreline and presents the movement characteristic of the reciprocating flow, as shown in fig. 3, the anchor rope 35 at the flood end is in a tight state in the flood state, the turbidimeter 331 at the flood anchor rope is located in the middle of the anchor rope 35, the data collected by the turbidimeter 331 is also the data of the sand content near the middle of the relative water depth, the anchor rope 35 at the water falling end is in a loose state, and the turbidimeter 331 is towed and sunk above the river bottom, so the data collected by the turbidimeter 331 on the anchor rope 35 at the water falling end is not available in the period. Referring to fig. 4, in the tide state, the anchor rope 35 at the water falling end is in a tight state, the turbidity meter 331 at the anchor rope 35 at the water falling end is positioned in the middle of the anchor rope 35, the data collected by the turbidity meter 331 is the data of the sand content near the middle of the relative water depth, the anchor rope 35 at the water rising end is in a loose state, and the turbidity meter 331 is towed above the river bottom, so that the data collected by the turbidity meter 331 on the anchor rope 35 at the water rising end is not available.
After data acquisition, the fluctuation tide time period is judged through the tide flow direction acquired by the current measuring device 32 arranged at the bottom of the platform, so that the data acquired by the proper turbidity meter 331 can be accurately obtained.
In this embodiment, the observation platform 3 is thrown and fixed in the observation water area through the rising and falling tide double anchor hooks 33, and according to the actual water depth, a fixed sleeve 3313 is fixed on each of the two anchor ropes, and a turbidity meter 331 (OBS-3A) is installed on each fixed sleeve. The turbidity and the sand content are compared and measured indoors through the field water sample, and the turbid sand relation is established, so that the sand content value of the measuring point is determined, and the field work of the turbidity meter 331 is ensured to be unobstructed. The movable catches 3312 are respectively arranged on the upper edge and the lower edge of the fixed sleeve 3313, so that the fixed sleeve 3313 is conveniently fixed on the anchor rope 35, and the installation position can be adjusted according to the water depth, thereby preventing the fixed sleeve 3313 from being wound or the observation probe 3311 of the turbidity meter 331 from being turned inwards along with the twisting of the anchor rope 35 in actual measurement.
The sand content observation equipment in the embodiment solves the problem of observing the sand content of the representative layer (middle layer) for observing the change of the sand content of the vertical line for a long time in the tidal bore water area, more accurately observes related data, improves the data quality, reduces the safety risk and limitation of manual field sampling, and simultaneously avoids the high cost brought by a foundation observation pile. By way of example, data rates all exhibit higher levels.
The invention provides an observation method for sand content under strong surge condition, which can avoid risk areas to observe multiple stations and any areas, reduces the construction cost, is convenient for extracting collected data and maintaining instruments, and has high reliability.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The method for observing the sand content under the condition of strong surge is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
and (3) a step of: assembling the observation device: respectively binding anchor hooks on two ends of the observation platform through anchor ropes; the observation platform is provided with a locator for locating and a flow measuring device for measuring the flow velocity; a turbidity meter for measuring the turbidity of tidal water is arranged at the middle ends of anchor ropes at the two ends of the observation platform; the turbidity meter is arranged on an anchor rope between the observation platform and the anchor hook through a fixed sleeve;
and II: transporting the assembled observation equipment to a river surface of a strong tidal bore to throw anchor hooks, wherein the throwing directions of the two anchor hooks are opposite to each other, one anchor hook throws in the direction close to the shore, and the other anchor hook throws in the direction far from the shore;
thirdly,: if the tide is rising: the anchor rope far away from the shore is in a tightening state, and the data collected by the turbidimeter on the anchor rope at the end is also the data of the sand content near the middle of the relative water depth;
fourth, the method comprises the following steps: if the tide falls, the following conditions are: the anchor rope near the shore direction is in a tight state, and the data collected by the turbidimeter on the anchor rope at the end is also the data of the sand content near the middle of the relative water depth.
2. The method for observing the sand content under the condition of strong tidal current according to claim 1, wherein the observation platform floats on the river surface.
3. The method for observing the sand content under the condition of strong surge according to claim 1, wherein the two ends of the fixed sleeve are provided with movable catches, and the movable catches are tied on the anchor rope.
4. The method for observing the sand content under the condition of strong tidal current according to claim 1, wherein the length of the anchor rope is 1.2-2.0 of the depth of the river surface.
5. The method for observing the sand content under the condition of strong tidal current according to claim 1, wherein the static river surface throws the flukes, and the distance between the flukes and the observation platform is the same during the throwing.
6. The method for observing the sand content under the condition of strong tidal current according to claim 5, wherein the included angle between the two anchor ropes and the observation platform is 120-145 degrees.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111211481.7A CN113945201B (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Method for observing sand content under strong surge condition |
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| CN202111211481.7A CN113945201B (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Method for observing sand content under strong surge condition |
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| CN113945201B true CN113945201B (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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| CN114777748B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2024-02-09 | 大连理工大学 | Reservoir ice layer deformation measuring point positioning device and installation method thereof |
| CN114858129B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2024-03-26 | 浙江省水利河口研究院(浙江省海洋规划设计研究院) | Underwater topography change monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101533035A (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2009-09-16 | 华东师范大学 | Method for observing estuary seacoast near-bottom water and sediment under high turbidity environment |
| JP2009214042A (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-09-24 | Penta Ocean Construction Co Ltd | Water-quality monitoring method and system |
| CN103411591A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-27 | 浙江省河海测绘院 | Fixing and warning equipment of undersea measuring instrument and tossing and withdrawing method thereof |
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- 2021-10-18 CN CN202111211481.7A patent/CN113945201B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009214042A (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-09-24 | Penta Ocean Construction Co Ltd | Water-quality monitoring method and system |
| CN101533035A (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2009-09-16 | 华东师范大学 | Method for observing estuary seacoast near-bottom water and sediment under high turbidity environment |
| CN103411591A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-27 | 浙江省河海测绘院 | Fixing and warning equipment of undersea measuring instrument and tossing and withdrawing method thereof |
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