CN113944479A - Unfavorable geological tunnel three-fork construction method - Google Patents
Unfavorable geological tunnel three-fork construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113944479A CN113944479A CN202111191949.0A CN202111191949A CN113944479A CN 113944479 A CN113944479 A CN 113944479A CN 202111191949 A CN202111191949 A CN 202111191949A CN 113944479 A CN113944479 A CN 113944479A
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- tunnel
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- excavation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/12—Temporary supports for use during building; Accessories
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a three-fork joint of a tunnel with unfavorable geology. The method comprises civil excavation and arch frame supporting which are mutually connected, wherein the civil excavation comprises main tunnel excavation and transverse connection channel excavation which is arranged along the side surface of the main tunnel and forms a three-fork opening; the method specifically comprises the following steps: local technology expands digs, sets up interim erector strut, and preliminary bracing installs whole door type frame, and door type frame stand upper end supports door type frame crossbeam, lower extreme support and is fixed in and form the bearing structure on the door type frame basis, demolishs interim erector strut, installs the arc bow member, forms the whole atress system of door type frame. According to the method, sectional installation is not needed in the integral construction of the portal frame, the integral structure ensures the installation quality and the construction safety of the portal frame, the stress of a support system is more reasonable, the main-tunnel top-raising arch frames are sequentially installed along the main-tunnel direction in the three-fork excavation support construction process, the positions of the three-fork portals are supported by the time vertical supports, the integral portal frame is installed after the excavation support is completed, and the safety risk in the three-fork excavation process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction of constructional engineering, particularly belongs to the technical field of construction support of constructional engineering, and relates to a construction method for excavating and supporting an arch frame of a tunnel with unfavorable geology at a three-fork opening.
Background
With the continuous development of scientific technology and national economy in China, the length of tunnel construction is longer and longer, the standard of tunnel construction is higher and higher, and the engineering geological conditions are more and more complex. Tunnel three-fork construction inevitably occurs in the process of long and large tunnel construction, collapse accidents easily occur during the existing long and large tunnel three-fork top-lifting excavation construction, the problems that the primary support settlement deformation excessively invades a secondary lining structure line, the construction is slow and the construction period is prolonged, and the like are solved, so that the safety risk, the quality risk, the construction period performance risk and the construction cost of the engineering are greatly increased. Therefore, it is important to research and summarize the tunnel three-fork excavation and supporting construction method suitable for the unfavorable geological conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a construction method of a three-fork of a tunnel with unfavorable geology according to the defects of the prior art. The invention aims to provide a construction method for excavating and supporting a steel arch frame, which is applied to tunnel three-fork construction, has the advantages of quick construction progress, low safety risk, reliable quality and material saving.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a construction method of a three-fork joint of a tunnel with unfavorable geology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction method comprises civil excavation and arch frame supporting which are mutually connected, wherein the civil excavation comprises main tunnel excavation and transverse connection channel excavation which is arranged along the side surface of the main tunnel and forms a three-fork joint, and the construction method comprises the following process methods:
after a tunnel main tunnel is excavated to a three-way position of a transverse communication channel, local technical expanding excavation is carried out on the arch crown and the arch waist position on the main tunnel side of the three-way position, a plurality of temporary vertical braces are arranged in a local technical expanding excavation area, a main tunnel permanent top-raising arch center and the temporary vertical braces are combined to form a main tunnel primary support of the three-way section, and the main tunnel excavation temporary vertical brace primary support passes through the three-way section;
after the excavation of the front opening of the three-way intersection section and the primary support construction of the temporary vertical support are completed, an integral portal frame is installed, the portal frame is a portal steel frame which is manufactured according to the size of a transverse communication channel and comprises a portal frame cross beam and a portal frame upright post, a front opening three-way intersection section top-raising arch frame is sequentially connected to the portal frame cross beam to be supported and fixed, the upper end of the portal frame upright post supports the portal frame cross beam, and the lower end of the portal frame upright post supports and is fixed on a portal frame foundation to form a stress structure;
and (3) after the installation of the portal frame is finished, removing the temporary vertical support and installing the arc-shaped arch frame of the transverse communication channel to form an integral stress system of the portal frame, and then performing excavation construction of the transverse communication channel.
And further, when the tunnel main tunnel is excavated to one to two steel arches at the position close to the three-fork of the transverse communication channel, the front tunnel is advanced and supported by adopting an advanced small guide pipe in advance in the raising range close to the three-fork side and a local technical expanded excavation area.
And further, the door-shaped frame cross beam and the door-shaped frame upright post of the door-shaped frame are all manufactured by adopting double-spliced I-shaped steel in parallel assembly welding.
And further after the installation of the door-shaped frame is finished, installing two arc-shaped arch frames in parallel at the lower part of the double-spliced I-shaped steel parallel assembly welding structure of the door-shaped frame, and welding and fixing the door-shaped frame and the arc-shaped arch frames by adopting connecting section steel to form an integral stress structure of the door-shaped frame and the arc-shaped arch frames.
Further, the supporting and fixing structure of the front-hole three-fork section top-lifting arch frame sequentially connected to the door-shaped frame beam is as follows: the top end of the beam of the portal frame is welded with a lower connecting steel plate, the connecting end of the top-raising arch frame is welded with an upper connecting steel plate, and the lower connecting steel plate and the upper connecting steel plate are fixedly connected through at least two groups of connecting bolts.
And a stiffening steel plate is arranged between the connection tail end of the top-raising arch frame and the upper connection steel plate.
According to the support construction method, the support construction of the small advanced guide pipe is carried out in advance when the tunnel main tunnel is excavated to the three-fork, the operation safety is ensured, and local technical expanding excavation is carried out near the arch crown and arch waist positions on the side of the three-fork; the main tunnel top arch frame is correspondingly adjusted by the radian of the side of the three-fork and is supported by a temporary vertical support, and the installation of the vertical support must be firm and reliable; after the vertical support is installed, sequentially excavating along the axial direction of the main tunnel until the preliminary supporting construction of the main tunnel of the three-branch section is completed; after the excavation and supporting construction of the main tunnel at the three-way intersection section are finished, the integral portal frame is installed at one time, so that the arch frame of the main tunnel is sequentially connected to the portal frame to form an integral stress system; and (3) dismantling the temporary vertical braces after the installation of the portal frame is finished, and installing arc-shaped arch frames on the lower parts of the portal frame after the dismantling of the temporary vertical braces is finished to form a portal frame integral stress system. After the temporary vertical support is removed, the excavation construction of the transverse connecting channel can be carried out, and the overexcavation part at the three-branch opening is backfilled and compacted by adopting sprayed concrete or two-lining concrete.
The support construction method adopts local technology expanding excavation during arch crown excavation construction at the three-fork position of the tunnel, the width and the height of the over excavation are not less than those of the portal frame, a permanent support top-raising arch frame is installed at the front tunnel position, a temporary vertical support is installed at the three-fork opening position to support the front tunnel permanent top-raising arch frame, an integral portal frame is installed after the excavation support of the front tunnel at the three-fork section is completed, and then the temporary vertical support is removed to form an integral stress system of the portal frame.
Compared with the traditional construction method, the whole construction of the door-shaped frame is finished without sectional installation, so that the construction time is saved; the door-shaped frame is of an integral structure, so that the installation quality and the construction safety of the door-shaped frame are ensured, the stress of the integral supporting system at the three-fork position is more reasonable, and the problems of cracks, deformation and the like at the splicing position of the door-shaped frame are avoided; the main tunnel top-lifting arch frames are sequentially installed along the main tunnel direction in the construction process of the three-fork excavation support, temporary vertical support supports are adopted at the positions of the three-fork tunnels, and the integral door-shaped frame is installed after the three-fork excavation support is completed, so that the safety risk in the three-fork excavation process is reduced; the temporary vertical support supporting material is dismantled after the door-shaped frame is installed, the dismantled temporary vertical support supporting material can be recycled, resource investment is saved, and economic benefits are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a support construction method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction method of the support of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of a tunnel three-fork main tunnel top arch frame, a portal frame and a temporary vertical support;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a temporary support form of a tunnel three-way portal frame and an arch frame according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel three-fork integrated support of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a top-raising arch frame, 2 is a portal frame, 3 is a technical expanding excavation area, 4 is a small advanced guide pipe, and 5 is a system anchor rod; a is a main hole, B is a transverse communication channel;
11 is a connecting steel plate, 12 is a stiffening steel plate, 13 is a connecting bolt, 21 is a portal frame beam, 22 is an arc arch, 23 is a connecting section steel, 24 is a portal frame upright post, 25 is a temporary vertical support, and 26 is a portal frame foundation.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following detailed description, which is intended to further illustrate the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but is equivalent or analogous to the present invention without departing from its scope.
The drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, as shown in the figures; in the present description, the drawings are not to scale.
An embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the invention discloses a construction method for supporting a steel arch frame at a three-fork of a tunnel in unfavorable geology, wherein local technical expanding excavation and advanced supporting are carried out at the three-fork position of the tunnel; carrying out primary support of a three-way junction section by using the main tunnel A permanent top-raising arch center 1 and the temporary vertical support 25; the integral portal frame 2 is installed at one time after the excavation and support of the front hole A of the three-way intersection section are finished; after the support of the portal frame 2 is completed, the temporary vertical support 25 at the three-fork joint is removed; the problems of high safety risk, poor construction quality and slow construction progress of excavation and support of the three-fork opening of the tunnel with unfavorable geology are solved pointedly, the safety of construction operators is effectively guaranteed, and the construction quality and the construction period are guaranteed.
As shown in figure 2, when the main tunnel A is excavated to 1-2 steel arches near the three-fork, the advanced small guide pipe 4 is advanced and supported in advance in the raising range of the main tunnel A near the three-fork side. The advanced small pipe 4 is executed and is done the direction and expand certain angle outward along choosing the height external contour line and do, and advanced small pipe 4 is executed and is done quantity and can suitably encrypt according to the actual country rock condition in scene, and advanced small pipe 4 grout needs closely knit to guarantee that advanced small pipe 4 peripheral country rock crack grout is closely knit, in order to guarantee to choose a construction safety.
When the main tunnel A is excavated to the three-fork, local technical expanding excavation is carried out on the upper part of the side of the three-fork, and a reserved space is arranged for the arch center after the main tunnel A is raised. After primary spraying supporting is finished, arch mounting is carried out on the alignment tunnel A, as the top-raising arch 1 close to the side of the intersection cannot fall to the bottom, a temporary vertical support 25 needs to be adopted in advance, the temporary vertical support 25 is processed by section steel, the upper part of the top-raising arch 1 is welded and connected with the top-raising arch 1, and as shown in the attached drawing 3, in order to meet the requirement that the top-raising arch 1 is well connected with the lower temporary vertical support 25, a connecting steel plate 11 is welded and connected at the end of the top-raising arch 1; the lower part adopts concrete block to fill up the reality, vertically adopts the twisted steel welded connection, and the connecting reinforcement interval is not more than 1 m. After the installation is finished, the system anchor rod 5 and the reinforcing mesh are installed, the spraying protection construction is finally carried out, the spraying protection thickness needs to cover the top-lifting arch frame, the spraying protection compactness is guaranteed, the sealing treatment is carried out at the face of the transverse communication channel B on the side of the temporary vertical support 25, and the spraying protection thickness is not less than 4 cm. And circulating the steps until the excavation support of the main tunnel A falls through the three-fork section.
Before the transverse communication channel B is excavated, the door-shaped frame 2 is installed, the temporary vertical supports 25 are dismantled, the main-tunnel A jacking arch frame 1 is connected to the door-shaped frame cross beam 21 in sequence, after the stress conversion of the main-tunnel A jacking arch frame 1 is completed, the temporary vertical supports 25 are dismantled, the arc-shaped arch frame 22 is installed, and then the excavation construction of the transverse communication channel B can be carried out.
As shown in fig. 4, the door-shaped frame upright post 24 and the door-shaped frame cross beam 21 are both formed by processing double-spliced i-shaped steel, the door-shaped frame foundation 26 is firstly hardened, the door-shaped frame foundation 26 is hardened by concrete, then the door-shaped frame upright post 24 is installed, the door-shaped frame upright post 24 needs to be installed vertically, the door-shaped frame upright post 24 is stabilized by a temporary inclined strut, and at least two groups of foot locking anchor rods are arranged on each door-shaped frame upright post 24 to reinforce the door-shaped frame upright post 24. Then, installing a door-shaped frame cross beam 21, installing the door-shaped frame cross beam 21 in place by mechanical assistance, welding the door-shaped frame cross beam 21 in place with a door-shaped frame upright post 24 to form an integral stress structure so as to form a door-shaped frame 2, and finally welding the front hole A top-raising arch frame 1 with the door-shaped frame 2 into a whole by using a steel backing plate. Thereby completing the stress conversion between the installation of the portal frame 2 and the main-tunnel top-lifting arch frame 1.
After the door-shaped frame 2 is installed, two arc-shaped arches 22 are installed at the lower part of the door-shaped frame 2 in parallel, and the door-shaped frame 2 and the arc-shaped arches 22 are welded and connected by adopting connecting type 23 steel to form an integral stress structure system of the door-shaped frame 2.
Claims (6)
1. A construction method of a three-fork joint of a tunnel with unfavorable geology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction method comprises civil excavation and arch frame supporting which are mutually connected, wherein the civil excavation comprises main tunnel excavation and transverse connection channel excavation which is arranged along the side surface of the main tunnel and forms a three-fork joint, and the construction method comprises the following process methods:
after a tunnel main tunnel is excavated to a three-way position of a transverse communication channel, local technical expanding excavation is carried out on the arch crown and the arch waist position on the main tunnel side of the three-way position, a plurality of temporary vertical braces are arranged in a local technical expanding excavation area, a main tunnel permanent top-raising arch center and the temporary vertical braces are combined to form a main tunnel primary support of the three-way section, and the main tunnel excavation temporary vertical brace primary support passes through the three-way section;
after the excavation of the front opening of the three-way intersection section and the primary support construction of the temporary vertical support are completed, an integral portal frame is installed, the portal frame is a portal steel frame which is manufactured according to the size of a transverse communication channel and comprises a portal frame cross beam and a portal frame upright post, a front opening three-way intersection section top-raising arch frame is sequentially connected to the portal frame cross beam to be supported and fixed, the upper end of the portal frame upright post supports the portal frame cross beam, and the lower end of the portal frame upright post supports and is fixed on a portal frame foundation to form a stress structure;
and (3) after the installation of the portal frame is finished, removing the temporary vertical support and installing the arc-shaped arch frame of the transverse communication channel to form an integral stress system of the portal frame, and then performing excavation construction of the transverse communication channel.
2. The unfavorable geological tunnel three-way junction construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the tunnel main tunnel is excavated to one to two steel arches near the three-fork position of the transverse communication channel, the advanced small guide pipe is adopted for advanced support in advance in the main tunnel three-fork side raising range and the local technical expanded excavation area.
3. The unfavorable geological tunnel three-way junction construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the door-shaped frame cross beam and the door-shaped frame upright post of the door-shaped frame are both made of double-spliced I-shaped steel through parallel assembly welding.
4. The unfavorable geological tunnel three-way construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: after the installation of the door-shaped frame is finished, two arc-shaped arch frames are installed in parallel at the lower part of the double-spliced I-shaped steel parallel assembly welding structure of the door-shaped frame, and the door-shaped frame and the arc-shaped arch frames are fixedly welded by adopting connecting section steel to form an integral stress structure of the door-shaped frame and the arc-shaped arch frames.
5. The unfavorable geological tunnel three-way junction construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting and fixing structure for the forward-tunnel three-fork section top arch frame sequentially connected to the portal frame beam is as follows: the top end of the beam of the portal frame is welded with a lower connecting steel plate, the connecting end of the top-raising arch frame is welded with an upper connecting steel plate, and the lower connecting steel plate and the upper connecting steel plate are fixedly connected through at least two groups of connecting bolts.
6. The unfavorable geological tunnel three-way construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: and a stiffening steel plate is arranged between the connection tail end of the top-raising arch frame and the upper connection steel plate.
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| CN202111191949.0A CN113944479B (en) | 2021-10-13 | 2021-10-13 | Poor geological tunnel three-fork construction method |
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| CN202111191949.0A CN113944479B (en) | 2021-10-13 | 2021-10-13 | Poor geological tunnel three-fork construction method |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10280862A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-20 | Shimizu Corp | Construction method for tunnel junction part |
| KR20150131578A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-25 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Enlarging tunnel structure for parallel constructing subsidiary main tunnel of sidetrack station for subway train, and construction method for the same |
| CN205243531U (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-18 | 中铁二十局集团第二工程有限公司 | Crossing construction structures between tunnel transverse passage -way and main cave |
| CN206439058U (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-08-25 | 中交铁道设计研究总院有限公司 | A kind of shield tunnel temperature pier support system |
| CN207212379U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-10 | 中铁二十局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel main tunnel, which is caunched, excavates preliminary bracing structure |
| CN110230507A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-13 | 中建交通建设集团有限公司四川分公司 | A kind of cabinet frame caunches engineering method |
| CN110439571A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-12 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Flat pilot tunnel leads to the adit construction method and transverse passage-way of main tunnel |
| CN213540408U (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-06-25 | 中建一局集团建设发展有限公司 | Construction auxiliary device for construction channel entering interval tunnel |
-
2021
- 2021-10-13 CN CN202111191949.0A patent/CN113944479B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10280862A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-20 | Shimizu Corp | Construction method for tunnel junction part |
| KR20150131578A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-25 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Enlarging tunnel structure for parallel constructing subsidiary main tunnel of sidetrack station for subway train, and construction method for the same |
| CN205243531U (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-18 | 中铁二十局集团第二工程有限公司 | Crossing construction structures between tunnel transverse passage -way and main cave |
| CN206439058U (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-08-25 | 中交铁道设计研究总院有限公司 | A kind of shield tunnel temperature pier support system |
| CN207212379U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-10 | 中铁二十局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel main tunnel, which is caunched, excavates preliminary bracing structure |
| CN110230507A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-13 | 中建交通建设集团有限公司四川分公司 | A kind of cabinet frame caunches engineering method |
| CN110439571A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-12 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Flat pilot tunnel leads to the adit construction method and transverse passage-way of main tunnel |
| CN213540408U (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-06-25 | 中建一局集团建设发展有限公司 | Construction auxiliary device for construction channel entering interval tunnel |
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| CN113944479B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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