CN113941591B - Mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation recovery - Google Patents
Mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation recovery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113941591B CN113941591B CN202111242677.2A CN202111242677A CN113941591B CN 113941591 B CN113941591 B CN 113941591B CN 202111242677 A CN202111242677 A CN 202111242677A CN 113941591 B CN113941591 B CN 113941591B
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003914 acid mine drainage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
Abstract
The application provides a mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration, which comprises the following steps: the plastic cloth is paved at equal distance along a mine slope, the side edges of the adjacent plastic cloths are stacked together, and a new soil layer is paved on the surface of the plastic cloth; the fixed units are equidistantly arranged at the overlapping positions of the adjacent plastic cloths, and the fixed units which are equidistantly arranged are sequentially and alternately provided with a reinforcing and limiting unit, a sampling unit and a sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing unit; a greening unit which is installed on the surface of the new soil layer; and the repairing unit is arranged on the surface of the mine slope and is positioned on the lower side of the plastic cloth. The sampling unit can regularly sample the mine acid soil layer, detects and observes its inside restoration change, uses the sulfate reducing bacteria to supplement the unit and can add the sulfate reducing bacteria according to the demand, guarantees ecological prosthetic steady going on, uses greening unit can prevent wind and fix sand, does benefit to plant cultivation, uses repairing unit can accomplish the repair work to mine acid heavy metal soil layer.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of ecological environmental protection of mines, in particular to a mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration.
Background
At present, ore beds consist of ores and surrounding rocks, the surrounding rocks are required to be stripped when the ores are mined, the original geological environment is changed due to the stripping of the surrounding rocks, a large amount of sulfides with stable reducing environment are exposed in an oxidizing environment, serious acid mine drainage can be generated due to chemical oxidation and biological oxidation, the ecological environment of the mine is seriously influenced, and ecological restoration of the mine after mining is very difficult;
at present, in order to overcome the influence of acid drainage on the environment, the surface layer of a mine is paved, lime is scattered for neutralization treatment, or a new soil layer is covered, the repairing mode is coarser, the rainwater is easy to bring the acidified drainage after penetrating into the surface of the mine, the ecological repairing speed is low, and the effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration can restore the mined mine more finely, can improve the speed of restoring the ecological environment, has good restoration effect of the ecological environment and solves the problems.
The application is specifically as follows:
a mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration, comprising:
the plastic cloth is paved at equal distance along a mine slope, the side edges of the adjacent plastic cloths are stacked together, and a new soil layer is paved on the surface of the plastic cloth;
the fixed units are equidistantly arranged at the overlapping positions of the adjacent plastic cloths, and the fixed units which are equidistantly arranged are sequentially and alternately provided with a reinforcing and limiting unit, a sampling unit and a sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing unit;
a greening unit which is installed on the surface of the new soil layer;
and the repairing unit is arranged on the surface of the mine slope and is positioned on the lower side of the plastic cloth.
The plastic cloth is used for building the anaerobic environment on the surface layer of a mine slope, the new soil layer is ground surface soil taken out from other places, the new soil layer is covered on the plastic cloth and used for planting greening plants, the plastic cloth can also separate the acid soil layer of the mine and the new soil layer on the upper layer, acid heavy metals are prevented from being brought out by rainwater infiltration into the acid soil layer of the mine, the greening plants planted in the new soil layer can be prevented from being influenced by the acid soil layer, the plastic cloth is fixed by using the fixing unit, the plastic cloth is also used for fixing the stability of the stacking position of the plastic cloth, the fixing unit can be kept stable by using the reinforcing limiting unit, the fixing unit is prevented from slipping downwards from the mine slope, the sampling unit can regularly sample the acid soil layer of the mine, the internal repairing change of the mine is detected and observed, sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing unit can be added with sulfate reducing bacteria according to requirements, ecological repairing stability is guaranteed, the greening unit can prevent wind and fix sand, plant planting is facilitated, and the repairing work on the acid heavy metal soil layer of the mine can be completed by using the repairing unit.
Further, the fixed unit includes slope spacing subassembly, presses subassembly and sealing member, the position that stacks at adjacent plastics cloth is installed to the spacing subassembly of slope, and presses the subassembly at the top of the spacing subassembly of slope, and installs the sealing member on the spacing subassembly of slope. The position that stacks the plastic cloth through the spacing subassembly in slope department, press the subassembly and conveniently press the top of the spacing subassembly in slope, the sealing member can seal the position that the plastic cloth passed by the spacing subassembly in slope.
Further, the spacing subassembly in slope includes dead lever, spine, cell body, card strip and spacing frame, and the position top that adjacent plastics cloth was piled up is equipped with horizontal card strip, and the position bottom that adjacent plastics cloth was piled up is equipped with corresponds complex cell body from top to bottom with the card strip, the dead lever runs through the jack on card strip, the position of piling up of plastics cloth, the cell body in proper order, the dead lever is located the fixed spacing frame that has cup jointed of the position of card strip upside, the bottom of dead lever is provided with the spine.
The fixing rod can be conveniently drawn into the mine surface layer by using the sharp thorns, the pressing frame and the pressing plate can conveniently press the fixing rod downwards for cuttage, the limiting frame can be clamped into the groove body by the clamping strips, and the adjacent stacked plastic cloth positions can be sealed and fixed by using the clamping strips and the groove body in a clamping manner
The sealing piece is sleeved on the part of the fixing rod between the limiting frame and the clamping strip, the sealing piece adopts a flexible sealing gasket, and the flexible sealing gasket can separate the plastic cloth from top to bottom, so that anaerobic environment of the lower layer of the plastic cloth is facilitated.
Further, the pressing component comprises a pressing frame and a pressing plate, the top end of the fixing rod is fixedly sleeved with the pressing frame, and the pressing plates are respectively fixed on two sides of the pressing frame. The pressing frame and the pressing plate facilitate the downward pressing cuttage of the fixing rod.
Further, the greening unit comprises a planting assembly and a water storage assembly, the planting assembly is arranged on the surface of the new soil layer, and the water storage assembly is arranged at the bottom of the planting assembly. The planting assembly is convenient for planting plants for greening, rainwater can be accumulated through the water storage assembly, and the rainwater is used for plant growth.
Further, the planting assembly comprises a fixing ring, connecting ropes, a cable frame, a sand fixing net and a planting ring, wherein the fixing ring is arranged at the end part of the pressing plate, the cable frame is paved on the surface of a new soil layer, the cable frame is connected with the fixing ring through the connecting ropes, the sand fixing net is arranged in the cable frame at equal distance, and the planting ring is arranged on the sand fixing net at equal distance.
The cable frame can be unfolded and fixed by the fixing ring and the connecting rope, the cable frame is used for installing the sand fixing net, sand can be solidified before plants grow up by the aid of the sand fixing net, and roots of planted plants can be protected by the planting ring.
Further, retaining subassembly includes fixed strip, water blocking plate, oozes water cushion, connecting rod and catch basin, the inboard equidistance of hawser frame is equipped with oozes water cushion, ooze water cushion and the crisscross setting of sand fixation net, the downside that oozes water cushion is equipped with the catch basin, separate into the square through criss-cross vertical board and diaphragm in the catch basin, install the retaining sponge in the square, the both sides that ooze water cushion are equipped with fixed strip respectively, and the equidistance is equipped with curved water blocking plate between two fixed strips, the fixed strip is connected through the connecting rod at the both ends of water blocking plate, the interior concave surface of water blocking plate is towards mine slope eminence.
The retaining subassembly is used for accumulating the rainwater, uses the connecting rod to fix the water blocking plate in the fixed strip, and the rainwater falls to ooze on the water pad, because the blocking of water blocking plate can not flow away in time, can fall into the square in the catch basin through ooze the water pad, can accumulate the rainwater, plant in the planting subassembly green of planting.
Further, the repair unit comprises an installation component and a repair component, and the repair component is installed on the side face of the groove body through the installation component.
Further, the repairing component comprises a wrapping sleeve, an organic layer and a sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer, wherein the organic layer and the sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer are alternately stacked in the wrapping sleeve.
When organic matters are reserved on the surface of the mine, an anaerobic environment can be formed, sulfate reducing bacteria can induce biomineralization to form heavy metal sulfide precipitate, fixation of heavy metal ions can be achieved, damage to the environment caused by heavy metal outflow is avoided, the anaerobic environment can be created by using an organic layer, sulfate reducing bacteria can be cultivated by using a sulfate reducing bacteria cultivation layer, solidification of the heavy metal ions is completed, and a wrapping sleeve can be made of a linen type material and is permeable and degradable.
Further, sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing unit includes pipeline quick-operation joint, input tube, connection plug bush, house steward, branch pipe and unidirectional flow control subassembly, the dead lever is hollow structure, the top of dead lever is connected with the input tube through the connection plug bush, the top of input tube is connected with the pipeline quick-operation joint, unidirectional flow control subassembly is installed at the inside top of dead lever, the one end of house steward is connected to the bottom side of dead lever, the branch pipe is connected to the side equidistance of house steward, the branch pipe extends to in the sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer, and evenly distributes on the branch pipe and go out the liquid hole.
The quick connector for the pipeline can conveniently connect an external liquid filling pipe, the filled sulfate reducing bacteria liquid flows downwards, the components are controlled through unidirectional flow, then the sulfate reducing bacteria liquid enters the main pipe and the branch pipe, the sulfate reducing bacteria liquid is added into the sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer through the liquid outlet holes, the addition of sulfate reducing bacteria can be completed, environmental restoration is facilitated, the unidirectional flow control group which can be formed by the extrusion flexible plug pad, the plugging block, the telescopic rod and the compression spring is used, the anaerobic environment is prevented from being damaged by external air entering the lower layer, and the overflow of lower layer gas is also prevented.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1) The plastic cloth is used for building for the anaerobic environment on the surface layer of the mine slope, the new soil layer is the earth surface soil taken out from other places, the plastic cloth is covered on the plastic cloth and used for planting greening plants, the plastic cloth can also separate the acid soil layer of the mine and the new soil layer on the upper layer, thereby acid heavy metals are prevented from being brought out by rainwater infiltration into the acid soil layer of the mine, the acid soil layer can also be prevented from affecting the greening plants planted in the new soil layer, the plastic cloth is fixed in position by using the fixing unit, the plastic cloth stacking position is also fixed firmly, the fixing unit can be kept stable in position by using the reinforcing limiting unit, and the fixing unit is prevented from being separated from the mine slope and sliding downwards.
2) The sampling unit can regularly sample the mine acid soil layer, detects and observes its inside restoration change, uses the sulfate reducing bacteria to supplement the unit and can add the sulfate reducing bacteria according to the demand, guarantees ecological prosthetic steady going on, uses greening unit can prevent wind and fix sand, does benefit to plant cultivation, uses repairing unit can accomplish the repair work to mine acid heavy metal soil layer.
3) The method can repair the mined mine more finely, can improve the speed of repairing the ecological environment, and has good repairing effect on the ecological environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of a mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration provided by the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water storage assembly of the mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration provided by the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial perspective structure of a mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration provided by the application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial perspective bottom view structure of the mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration provided by the application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a repairing unit structure of the mine ecological repairing system for accelerating vegetation recovery;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a fixing unit of the mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration provided by the application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a reinforcement and limit unit of the mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a sampling unit of the system for accelerating vegetation recovery according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a sampling unit of an embodiment of a mining ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration according to the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a sampling unit of a mining ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration according to the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing unit of the mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration.
1 plastic cloth, 2 fixing units, 21 fixing rods, 22 spines, 23 groove bodies, 24 clamping strips, 25 limiting frames, 26 pressing frames, 27 pressing plates, 28 flexible sealing gaskets, 3 greening units, 31 fixing rings, 32 connecting ropes, 33 cable frames, 34 fixing strips, 35 water blocking plates, 36 water seepage gaskets, 37 sand fixation nets, 38 planting rings, 39 connecting rods, 310 water storage sponges, 311 water storage tanks, 312 longitudinal plates, 313 transverse plates, 4 repairing units, 41 mounting blocks, 42 connecting rods, 43 wrapping sleeves, 44 organic layers, 45 sulfate reducing bacteria culture layers, 46 clamping strips, 5 reinforcing limiting units, 51 plug trays, 52 reinforcing rods, 53 pressing blocks, 54 movable connecting blocks, 55 through grooves, 56 wedge blocks, 57 limiting rods 58 wedge-shaped block connecting rods, 6 sampling units, 601 pinching blocks, 602 movable seats, 603 expanding springs, 604 fork-cutting rods, 605 fixed round seats, 606 fork-cutting shafts, 607 side grooves, 608 sampling spoons, 611 lower pressing blocks, 612 top covers, 613 inserting rods, 614 sampling rods, 615 hinging seats, 616 sampling grooves, 617 sampling cylinders, 618 oblique jacking blocks, 619 taking-out slots, 621 torsion blocks, 622 inner sleeves, 623 fixed bolts, 624 screws, 625 bearings, 7 sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing units, 71 pipeline quick connectors, 72 input pipes, 73 connecting plugs, 74 channels, 75 conical ports, 76 flexible plugs, 77 plugging blocks, 78 telescopic rods, 79 compression springs, 710 supports, 711 main pipes, 712 branch pipes and 8 new soil layers.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship conventionally put in use of the product of the application as understood by those skilled in the art, which is merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and is not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Embodiment one: referring to fig. 1-8 and 11, a mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration, comprising:
the plastic cloth 1 is paved along a mine slope at equal intervals, the side edges of the adjacent plastic cloths 1 are stacked together, and a new soil layer 8 is paved on the surface of the plastic cloth 1;
the fixed units 2 are equidistantly arranged at the overlapping positions of the adjacent plastic cloths 1, and the fixed units 2 which are equidistantly arranged are sequentially and alternately provided with a reinforcing and limiting unit 5, a sampling unit 6 and a sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing unit 7;
the fixing unit 2 comprises a slope limiting assembly, a pressing assembly and a sealing piece, wherein the slope limiting assembly is arranged at the overlapping position of the adjacent plastic cloths 1, the pressing assembly is arranged at the top of the slope limiting assembly, and the sealing piece is arranged on the slope limiting assembly. The position that stacks plastic cloth 1 through the spacing subassembly in slope department, press the subassembly and conveniently press the top of the spacing subassembly in slope, the sealing member can seal the position that plastic cloth 1 was passed by the spacing subassembly in slope.
The slope limiting component comprises a fixing rod 21, a spike 22, a groove body 23, a clamping strip 24 and a limiting frame 25, wherein the transverse clamping strip 24 is arranged at the top of the stacked position of the adjacent plastic cloth 1, the groove body 23 which is correspondingly matched with the clamping strip 24 up and down is arranged at the bottom of the stacked position of the adjacent plastic cloth 1, the fixing rod 21 sequentially penetrates through the clamping strip 24, the stacked position of the plastic cloth 1 and an inserting hole on the groove body 23, the limiting frame 25 is fixedly sleeved at the position of the fixing rod 21 on the upper side of the clamping strip 24, a flexible sealing gasket 28 is sleeved at the part of the fixing rod 21 between the limiting frame 25 and the clamping strip 24, the spike 22 is arranged at the bottom end of the fixing rod 21, a pressing frame 26 is fixedly sleeved at the top end of the fixing rod 21, and pressing plates 27 are respectively fixed at two sides of the pressing frame 26.
The fixing rod 21 can be conveniently drawn into the surface layer of the mine by the sharp thorns 22, the limiting frame 25 can be clamped into the groove body 23 by the clamping strips 24, and the adjacent stacked positions of the plastic cloths 1 can be sealed and fixed by the clamping connection of the clamping strips 24 and the groove body 23.
The part of the fixing rod 21 between the limiting frame 25 and the clamping strip 24 is sleeved with a sealing element, the sealing element adopts a flexible sealing gasket 28, and the flexible sealing gasket 28 can separate the plastic cloth 1 up and down, so that anaerobic environment of the lower layer of the plastic cloth 1 is facilitated.
The pressing assembly comprises a pressing frame 26 and a pressing plate 27, the pressing frame 26 is fixedly sleeved on the top end of the fixing rod 21, and the pressing plate 27 is respectively fixed on two sides of the pressing frame 26. The pressing frame 26 and the pressing plate 27 facilitate pressing cutting of the fixing rod 21.
A greening unit 3 mounted on the surface of the new soil layer 8;
the greening unit 3 comprises a planting assembly, the planting assembly comprises a fixing ring 31, connecting ropes 32, a cable frame 33, a sand fixing net 37 and a planting ring 38, the fixing ring 31 is arranged at the end part of the pressing plate 27, the cable frame 33 is paved on the surface of the new soil layer 8, the cable frame 33 is connected with the fixing ring 31 through the connecting ropes 32, the sand fixing net 37 is arranged in the cable frame 33 at equal distance, and the planting rings 38 are arranged on the sand fixing net 37 at equal distance.
The cable frame 33 can be unfolded and fixed by using the fixing ring 31 and the connecting rope 32, the cable frame 33 is used for installing the sand fixing net 37, sand can be solidified by using the sand fixing net 37 before plants grow up, and the planting ring 38 can protect roots of planted plants.
The greening unit 3 further comprises a water storage component, the water storage component comprises fixing strips 34, water blocking plates 35, water seepage pads 36, connecting rods 39, water storage sponge 310, water storage grooves 311, longitudinal plates 312 and transverse plates 313, the water seepage pads 36 are arranged on the inner sides of the cable frames 33 at equal intervals, the water seepage pads 36 and the sand fixation nets 37 are arranged in a staggered mode, the water storage grooves 311 are divided into square grids by the longitudinal plates 312 and the transverse plates 313 which are crisscrossed vertically and horizontally, the water storage sponge 310 is arranged in each square grid, the fixing strips 34 are respectively arranged on two sides of the water seepage pads 36, arc-shaped water blocking plates 35 are arranged between the two fixing strips 34 at equal intervals, the fixing strips 34 are connected to the two ends of each water blocking plate 35 through the connecting rods 39, and the inner concave surfaces of the water blocking plates 35 face to the mine slope.
The retaining assembly is used for accumulating rainwater, the connecting rod 39 is used for fixing the water blocking plate 35 in the fixing strip 34, the rainwater falls onto the water seepage pad 36, the rainwater can fall into the square in the water storage groove 311 through the water seepage pad 36 due to the fact that the water blocking plate 35 can not timely flow away, and then the rainwater can be accumulated through the absorption of the retaining sponge 310, so that the rainwater can be supplied to the green plants planted in the planting assembly.
And a repairing unit 4 which is installed on the mine slope surface and is positioned at the lower side of the plastic cloth 1.
The repair unit 4 includes an installation assembly and a repair assembly, and the repair assembly is installed on the side surface of the tank 23 through the installation assembly.
The repairing assembly comprises a wrapping sleeve 43, an organic layer 44 and a sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer 45, wherein the organic layer 44 and the sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer 45 are alternately stacked in the wrapping sleeve 43, and the organic layer 44 can be paved by adopting straws.
When organic matters are reserved on the surface of the mine, an anaerobic environment can be formed, sulfate reducing bacteria can induce biomineralization to form heavy metal sulfide precipitate, fixation of heavy metal ions can be achieved, damage to the environment caused by heavy metal outflow is avoided, the anaerobic environment is facilitated to be created by using the organic layer 44, sulfate reducing bacteria can be cultivated by using the sulfate reducing bacteria cultivation layer 45, solidification of the heavy metal ions is completed, and the wrapping sleeve 43 can be made of a linen type material and is permeable and degradable.
The installation component includes installation piece 41 and connecting rod 42, and the both sides of cell body 23 are equipped with installation piece 41 respectively, and wrap 43's side is connected with connecting rod 42, and connecting rod 42's end connection has the joint piece, joint piece and the joint groove joint on the installation piece 41, wrap 43's bottom is equipped with screens strip 46, and connecting rod 42 and installation piece 41 avoid repairing unit 4 holistic sliding, and screens strip 46 also avoid its sliding in the slope department.
The plastic cloth 1 is used for building the anaerobic environment on the surface layer of a mine slope, the new soil layer is the earth surface soil taken out from other places, the plastic cloth 1 is covered on the plastic cloth 1 and used for planting greening plants, the plastic cloth 1 can also separate the acid soil layer of the mine from the upper new soil layer used for planting, thereby acid heavy metal is prevented from being brought out by rainwater infiltration into the acid soil layer of the mine, the greening plants planted in the new soil layer 8 can be prevented from being influenced by the acid soil layer, the plastic cloth 1 is fixed in position by the fixing unit 2, the stacking position of the plastic cloth 1 is also fixed firmly, the reinforcing limiting unit 5 can keep the position of the fixing unit 2 stable, the fixing unit 2 is prevented from being separated from the mine slope and sliding downwards, the sampling unit 6 can regularly sample the acid soil layer of the mine, the internal repairing change of the mine is detected and observed, sulfate reducing bacteria can be added by the sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing unit 7 according to requirements, the stable ecological repairing is ensured, the greening unit 3 can prevent wind and fix sand, the plant planting is facilitated, and the repairing unit 4 can complete the repairing work on the acid heavy metal soil layer of the mine.
The reinforcement limiting unit 5 comprises a plug disc 51, a reinforcing rod 52, a pressing block 53, a movable connecting block 54, a through groove 55, wedge blocks 56, a limiting rod 57 and a wedge block connecting rod 58, wherein the fixing rod 21 is of a hollow structure, the through groove 55 communicated with the inside is respectively formed in two sides of the bottom of the fixing rod 21, the wedge blocks 56 with the inclined surfaces outside are installed on the inner sides of the bottom of the through groove 55, the two wedge blocks 56 are connected through the wedge block connecting rod 58, the plug disc 51 is fixed on the inner sides of the top of the fixing rod 21, the reinforcing rod 52 is inserted into a round hole in the middle of the plug disc 51, the movable connecting block 54 is installed at the bottom of the reinforcing rod 52, the two sides of the bottom of the movable connecting block 54 are respectively movably connected with the top end of the limiting rod 57, and the bottom end of the limiting rod 57 extends to the outside of the fixing rod 21 from the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks 56 through the through groove 55.
The pressing block 53 is used for conveniently pressing down the reinforcing rod 52, and the stopper disc 51 limits the reinforcing rod 52 to stably move up and down in the fixing rod 21, so that the limiting rod 57 is inclined downwards and deeply towards the through groove 55 due to the interference of the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped block 56 in the descending process, the fixing rod 21 is fastened, and the fixing rod 21 is prevented from being pulled out.
The sampling unit 6 comprises a holding block 601, a movable seat 602, a spreading spring 603, a shearing fork rod 604, a fixed round seat 605, shearing fork shafts 606, side grooves 607 and sampling spoons 608, the fixed rod 21 is of a hollow structure, the fixed round seat 605 is movably connected with the intersections of the two shearing fork rods 604 through the shearing fork shafts 606, the tops of the two shearing fork rods 604 penetrate through the tops of the fixed rod 21 and are respectively connected with the holding block 601, one sides of the two shearing fork rods 604 opposite to each other are respectively provided with the movable seat 602, the two movable seats 602 are respectively movably connected with the two ends of the spreading telescopic rod, the spreading telescopic rod is sleeved with the spreading spring 603, the two sides of the bottom of the fixed rod 21 are respectively provided with the side grooves 607, the bottoms of the two shearing fork rods 604 respectively penetrate through the side grooves 607 and are connected with the sampling spoons 608, and the sampling spoons 608 are hemispherical, and the two sampling spoons 608 are oppositely arranged.
The two pinching blocks 601 are oppositely closed to overcome the elasticity of the expanding spring 603, the two sampling spoons 608 can be closed through the two shearing fork rods 604 and the shearing fork shafts 606, the soil sample entering the bottom of the fixing rod 21 from the side grooves 607 can be clamped, and then the shearing fork rods 604 are pulled out to finish sampling.
The sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing unit 7 comprises a pipeline quick connector 71, an input pipe 72, a connecting plug bush 73, a main pipe 711, a branch pipe 712 and a unidirectional flow control component, wherein the unidirectional flow control component comprises a channel 74, a conical port 75, a flexible plug pad 76, a blocking 77, a telescopic rod 78, a compression spring 79 and a bracket 710;
the dead lever 21 is hollow structure, the top of dead lever 21 is connected with input tube 72 through connecting plug bush 73, the top of input tube 72 is connected with pipeline quick-operation joint 71, the inside top of dead lever 21 is equipped with passageway 74, conical mouth 75 has been seted up at the top of passageway 74, the internally mounted of dead lever 21 has support 710, the top of support 710 is connected with the shutoff piece 77 through telescopic link 78, the top of shutoff piece 77 is equipped with the flexible cock pad 76 with passageway 74 bottom complex, compression spring 79 has been cup jointed on the telescopic link 78, the one end of house steward 711 is connected to the bottom side of dead lever 21, branch 712 is connected to the side equidistance of house steward 711, branch 712 extends to in the sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer 45, and evenly distribute out the liquid hole on the branch 712.
The quick connector 71 for the pipeline can conveniently connect an external liquid filling pipe, the filled sulfate reducing bacteria liquid flows downwards through the conical opening 75 of the channel 74, the water pressure overcomes the elasticity of the compression spring 79, the extrusion flexible plug pad 76 and the plugging block 77 can flow through the main pipe 711 and the branch pipe 712, the addition of sulfate reducing bacteria can be completed by adding the liquid outlet hole into the sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer 45, the environment is favorably repaired, and the extrusion flexible plug pad 76, the plugging block 77, the telescopic rod 78 and the compression spring 79 can form a unidirectional flowing mechanism to prevent external air from entering the lower layer to destroy anaerobic environment and also prevent lower-layer gas from overflowing.
Embodiment two: referring to fig. 9, a mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration is substantially the same as the first embodiment in the present embodiment, except that: the sampling unit 6 comprises a lower pressing block 611, a top cover 612, a inserting rod 613, a sampling rod 614, a hinging seat 615, a sampling groove 616, a sampling tube 617, an inclined top block 618 and a taking-out groove hole 619, wherein the fixing rod 21 is of a hollow structure, an inserting hole is formed in the edge of the top of the fixing rod 21, the inserting rod 613 matched with the inserting hole is formed in the bottom of the top cover 612, the sampling rod 614 is inserted into a middle through hole of the top cover 612, the lower pressing block 611 is arranged at the top of the sampling rod 614, the bottom of the sampling rod 614 is movably connected with one end of the sampling tube 617 through the hinging seat 615, the inclined top block 618 is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the fixing rod 21, the sampling groove 616 corresponding to the inclined top block 618 is formed in the side surface of the bottom of the fixing rod 21, the other end of the sampling tube 617 penetrates the sampling groove 616, the end surface of the sampling tube 617 is an inclined surface, and the taking-out groove hole 619 is formed in the side surface of the middle of the sampling tube 617.
The sampling rod 614 can be pressed down by using the pressing block 611, the inserting rod 613 can fix the top cover 612, the top cover 612 ensures the stable up-down movement of the sampling rod 614, the sampling cylinder 617 turns to the sampling groove 616 through the hinging seat 615 after encountering the oblique top block 618 in the descending process of the sampling rod 614, then the soil sample can be stored in the sampling cylinder 617, the soil sample can be conveniently taken out by taking out the slotted hole 619, the soil sample with high water content in the mode is not taken out well, and the sampling range can be increased.
Embodiment III: referring to fig. 10, a mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration is substantially the same as the second embodiment in structure, and the difference is that: the sampling unit 6 comprises a top cover 612, a sampling rod 614, a hinging seat 615, a sampling groove 616, a sampling tube 617, an inclined ejection block 618, a taking-out slot 619, a torsion block 621, an inner sleeve 622, a fixing bolt 623, a screw 624 and a bearing 625, wherein the fixing rod 21 is of a hollow structure, the bottom of the top cover 612 is provided with the inner sleeve 622, the inner sleeve 622 is sleeved with the inner top of the fixing rod 21, a fixing bolt 623 is arranged in a top side pin hole of the fixing rod 21, the ends of the fixing bolts 623 and the end parts are inserted into the side pin hole of the inner sleeve 622, the screw 624 is connected with the screw 624 in a middle screw hole of the top cover 612 in an internal thread manner, the top of the screw 624 is connected with the torsion block 621, the bottom end of the screw 624 is rotatably connected with the sampling tube 614 through the bearing 625, the bottom of the sampling tube 614 is movably connected with one end of the sampling tube 617 through the hinging seat 615, the bottom side surface of the fixing rod 21 is provided with the sampling groove 616 corresponding to the inclined ejection block 618, the other end of the sampling tube 617 passes through the sampling groove 616, the end surface of the sampling tube 617 is an inclined surface, and the middle side surface of the sampling tube 617 is provided with the taking-out slot 619.
If the soil is hard, the sampling rod 614 is not pressed down, the top cover 612 can be fixed by the fixing bolt 623 and the inner sleeve 622, the screw 624 is twisted by the twisting block 621, and the screw 624 and the top cover 612 move downwards under the action of the screw 624, so that the sampling rod 614 is driven to move downwards for sampling.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. A mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration, comprising:
the plastic cloth (1) is paved along a mine slope at equal intervals, the side edges of the adjacent plastic cloths (1) are stacked together, and a new soil layer (8) is paved on the surface of the plastic cloth (1);
the fixed units (2) are equidistantly arranged at the overlapping positions of the adjacent plastic cloths (1), and the fixed units (2) which are equidistantly arranged are sequentially and alternately provided with a reinforcing and limiting unit (5), a sampling unit (6) and a sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing unit (7);
the fixing unit (2) comprises a slope limiting assembly, a pressing assembly and a sealing piece, wherein the slope limiting assembly is arranged at the overlapping position of the adjacent plastic cloths (1), the pressing assembly is arranged at the top of the slope limiting assembly, and the sealing piece is arranged on the slope limiting assembly;
the slope limiting assembly comprises a fixing rod (21), a spike (22), a groove body (23), a clamping strip (24) and a limiting frame (25), wherein the transverse clamping strip (24) is arranged at the top of the stacked position of the adjacent plastic cloths (1), the groove body (23) which is correspondingly matched with the clamping strip (24) up and down is arranged at the bottom of the stacked position of the adjacent plastic cloths (1), the fixing rod (21) sequentially penetrates through the clamping strip (24), the stacked position of the plastic cloths (1) and a jack on the groove body (23), the limiting frame (25) is fixedly sleeved at the position of the fixing rod (21) positioned at the upper side of the clamping strip (24), and the spike (22) is arranged at the bottom end of the fixing rod (21);
the pressing assembly comprises a pressing frame (26) and a pressing plate (27), the top end of the fixing rod (21) is fixedly sleeved with the pressing frame (26), and the pressing plates (27) are respectively fixed at two sides of the pressing frame (26);
a greening unit (3) which is arranged on the surface of the new soil layer (8);
the greening unit (3) comprises a planting assembly and a water storage assembly, the surface of the new soil layer (8) is provided with the planting assembly, and the bottom of the planting assembly is provided with the water storage assembly;
the planting assembly comprises a fixing ring (31), a connecting rope (32), a cable frame (33), a sand fixing net (37) and a planting ring (38), wherein the fixing ring (31) is arranged at the end part of the pressing plate (27), the cable frame (33) is paved on the surface of a new soil layer (8), the cable frame (33) is connected with the fixing ring (31) through the connecting rope (32), the sand fixing net (37) is arranged in the cable frame (33) at equal distance, and the planting ring (38) is arranged on the sand fixing net (37) at equal distance;
the water storage assembly comprises fixing strips (34), water blocking plates (35), water seepage pads (36), connecting rods (39) and water storage tanks (311), wherein the water seepage pads (36) are arranged on the inner sides of the cable frames (33) at equal intervals, the water seepage pads (36) and the sand fixation nets (37) are arranged in a staggered mode, the water storage tanks (311) are arranged on the lower sides of the water seepage pads (36), the fixing strips (34) are respectively arranged on the two sides of the water seepage pads (36), arc-shaped water blocking plates (35) are arranged between the two fixing strips (34) at equal intervals, the fixing strips (34) are connected to the two ends of each water blocking plate (35) through the connecting rods (39), and the inner concave surfaces of the water blocking plates (35) face to the mine slope high positions;
the repairing unit (4) is arranged on the surface of the mine slope and is positioned at the lower side of the plastic cloth (1);
the reinforcing and limiting unit (5) comprises a plug disc (51), a reinforcing rod (52), a pressing block (53), a movable connecting block (54), a through groove (55), wedge blocks (56), limiting rods (57) and wedge block connecting rods (58), wherein the fixing rod (21) is of a hollow structure, through grooves (55) which are communicated with the inside are respectively formed in the two sides of the bottom of the fixing rod (21), wedge blocks (56) with inclined planes which are outwards are arranged in the inner sides of the bottoms of the through grooves (55), the two wedge blocks (56) are connected through the wedge block connecting rods (58), the plug disc (51) is fixed in the inner sides of the top of the fixing rod (21), the reinforcing rod (52) is inserted into a middle round hole of the plug disc (51), the movable connecting block (54) is arranged at the bottom of the reinforcing rod (52), the two sides of the bottom of the movable connecting block (54) are respectively movably connected with the top ends of the limiting rods (57), and the bottom ends of the limiting rods (57) extend from the inclined planes of the wedge blocks (56) to the outside of the fixing rod (21) through the through grooves (55);
the sampling unit (6) comprises a holding block (601), a movable seat (602), a spreading spring (603), a shearing fork rod (604), a fixed round seat (605), a shearing fork shaft (606), side grooves (607) and sampling spoons (608), the fixed round seat (605) is movably connected with the intersections of the two shearing fork rods (604) through the shearing fork shaft (606), the tops of the two shearing fork rods (604) penetrate through the tops of the fixed rods (21) and are respectively connected with the holding block (601), one sides of the two shearing fork rods (604) opposite to each other are respectively provided with the movable seat (602), the two movable seats (602) are respectively movably connected with the two ends of the spreading telescopic rods, the spreading telescopic rods are sleeved with the spreading spring (603), the two sides of the bottoms of the fixed rods (21) are respectively provided with the side grooves (607), the bottoms of the two shearing fork rods (604) respectively penetrate through the side grooves (607) and are connected with the sampling spoons (608), the sampling spoons (608) are hemispherical, and the two sampling spoons (608) are oppositely arranged.
2. The mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration according to claim 1, wherein the restoration unit (4) comprises a mounting assembly and a restoration assembly, and the restoration assembly is mounted on the side surface of the groove body (23) through the mounting assembly.
3. The mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration according to claim 2, wherein the restoration component comprises a wrapping sleeve (43), an organic layer (44) and a sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer (45), wherein the organic layer (44) and the sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer (45) are alternately stacked in the wrapping sleeve (43).
4. The mine ecological restoration system for accelerating vegetation restoration according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the sulfate reducing bacteria supplementing unit (7) comprises a pipeline quick connector (71), an input pipe (72), a connecting plug bush (73), a main pipe (711), a branch pipe (712) and a unidirectional flow control component, the fixed rod (21) is of a hollow structure, the top of the fixed rod (21) is connected with the input pipe (72) through the connecting plug bush (73), the top of the input pipe (72) is connected with the pipeline quick connector (71), the unidirectional flow control component is mounted at the inner top of the fixed rod (21), one end of the main pipe (711) is connected to the side surface of the fixed rod (21), the branch pipe (712) is connected with the branch pipe (712) at equal distance on the side surface of the main pipe (711), the branch pipe (712) extends into the sulfate reducing bacteria culture layer (45), and liquid outlet holes are uniformly distributed on the branch pipe (712).
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| CN117266185B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-02-13 | 西南石油大学 | Excavation slope protection equipment for rock foundation pit |
| CN117266203B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-02-13 | 西南石油大学 | Rock-soil foundation pit slope protection structure and construction method thereof |
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