CN113941393A

CN113941393A - Forced synchronous resonance inertia cone crusher

Info

Publication number: CN113941393A
Application number: CN202111255997.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖为民
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-10-27
Filing date: 2021-10-27
Publication date: 2022-01-18
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-27
Also published as: CN113941393B

Abstract

The invention discloses a forced synchronous resonance inertia cone crusher, which comprises a shell, a motor, a vibration exciter, a main vertical shaft, an inner crushing cone and an outer crushing cone, wherein the shell is arranged on a machine base; the vibration exciter comprises a vibration excitation box and a centrifugal mechanism which is hermetically arranged in the vibration excitation box, wherein the centrifugal mechanism comprises a plurality of sets of centrifugal assemblies which are arranged outside a main vertical shaft in a balanced manner, each centrifugal assembly is driven by a transmission gear set to work, and the centrifugal resultant force of all the centrifugal assemblies is transmitted by the vibration excitation box to drive the main vertical shaft to drive an inner crushing cone to realize rotary swing; a self-adjusting discharge mechanism is arranged between the outer crushing cone and the inner crushing cone. The invention has simple structure. The manufacturing process is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the installation and the maintenance are convenient; compared with the traditional crusher, the vibration crushing efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, and the adjustment of the gap of the crushing cavity under the normal working condition can be realized.

Description

Forced synchronous resonance inertia cone crusher

Technical Field

The invention relates to a cone crusher, in particular to a forced synchronous resonance inertia cone crusher.

Background

The crusher is suitable for crushing raw materials in the industries of metallurgy, building, road building, chemistry and silicate, and is divided into various models according to different crushed raw materials and different product particle sizes and yields.

The vibration crusher is a common device used in the crushing process, and a vibration jaw crusher, an inertia cone crusher, a self-synchronizing vibration cone crusher and the like are common.

The self-synchronizing vibrating cone crusher is a new cone crusher developed in recent years, and the structure of the self-synchronizing vibrating cone crusher is shown in fig. 1, and mainly comprises a motor 101, an elastic coupling 102, an exciter 103, an upper connecting plate 104, a lower connecting plate 105, a guard plate 106, a vibration isolation spring 107, a bottom plate 108, an inner crushing cone 109, an outer crushing cone 110, a suspension device 111 and the like. When the motor 101 works, the power is transmitted to the vibration exciter 103 through the elastic coupling 102, and the centrifugal resultant force generated by the vibration exciter 103 drives the inner crushing cone 109 to generate strong rotary vibration around the center of the machine; the inner crushing cone 109 is forced by centrifugal resultant force to roll along the inner surface of the outer crushing cone 110 without clearance, if materials exist in the crushing cavity, the inner crushing cone 109 rolls along the material layer, and strong extrusion and vibration impact are accompanied while the inner crushing cone rolls, so that the materials are crushed.

The self-synchronizing vibration crusher structurally breaks away from a frame mode of a traditional crusher (including an inertia cone crusher), has a unique structure, is small in crushing force, high in rotating speed and vibration frequency, and can repeatedly impact and extrude a crushed object during working, so that the crushing capacity is high, and the productivity is high.

Although the self-synchronizing vibration crusher has more advantages, the existing defects are also prominent: 1. the motor 101 drives the vibration exciter 103 to work through the elastic coupling 102, and because the vibration exciter 103 has no mandatory constraint, particularly when the crushed materials are in extremely uneven states such as granularity, hardness and the like, resultant force is easy to be unstable due to the unbalanced action of huge reaction force, the self-synchronizing performance is reduced, and the attenuation of the crushing resultant force is serious; 2. the inner crushing cone 109 has a contact rolling action along the inner wall of the outer crushing cone 110, particularly when the crushing is carried out, the rigid collision and friction can aggravate the severe abrasion between the inner crushing cavity components, and the oil lubrication must be adopted because the inner crushing cone 109 and the mandrel thereof slide relatively, so that the adopted sealing structure is very complicated, and the continuous forced cooling device is required to be added when the oil temperature is too high, which can cause more energy consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a forced synchronous resonance inertia cone crusher to overcome the defect problems of the existing self-synchronous vibration crusher.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention can adopt the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a forced synchronous resonance inertia cone crusher, which comprises a shell, a motor, a vibration exciter, a main vertical shaft, an inner crushing cone and an outer crushing cone, wherein the shell is arranged on a machine base;

the vibration exciter comprises a vibration excitation box and a centrifugal mechanism which is hermetically arranged in the vibration excitation box, wherein the centrifugal mechanism comprises a plurality of sets of centrifugal assemblies which are arranged outside the main vertical shaft in a balanced mode, each centrifugal assembly is driven by a transmission gear set to work, and the centrifugal resultant force of all the centrifugal assemblies is transmitted by the vibration exciter to drive the main vertical shaft to drive the inner crushing cone to realize rotary swing. Because the centrifugal assemblies are forced to synchronously rotate in the same direction due to the rigid transmission of the gears, the mass of the centrifugal assemblies is reduced, the rotating speed and the centrifugal resultant force of the centrifugal assemblies are synchronously improved, and the synchronous vibration is realized, so that the crushing resultant force of the centrifugal assemblies can be greatly improved;

a self-adjusting discharge mechanism is arranged between the outer crushing cone and the inner crushing cone; when materials which are difficult to crush are encountered, the amplitudes of the inner crushing cone and the vibration exciter shrink immediately and even stop swinging, and at the moment, the outer crushing cone can be automatically lifted upwards under the action of the self-adjusting discharge mechanism to enlarge the space, so that the automatic discharge of abnormal materials is realized.

Preferably, the outer cone is arranged on a top cover, and the self-adjusting discharge mechanism is a safety oil cylinder arranged between the top cover and the machine shell.

And a gap adjusting mechanism is arranged between the top cover and the shell.

Preferably, the clearance adjusting mechanism comprises a safety cover and a locking member which are arranged outside the top cover, and a piston rod of a locking oil cylinder arranged below the locking member penetrates through a through hole in the bottom of the safety cover to be fixed on the machine shell. The gap between the outer crushing cone and the inner crushing cone can be randomly and rapidly adjusted under normal working conditions by the aid of the mechanism.

An elastic limiter is arranged between the excitation box and the shell; the swing amplitude of the vibration excitation box and the inner fractured cone during working can be limited.

Preferably, the elastic limiter comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve which are sleeved together and slide relatively, and a pressure spring arranged in the sleeves, wherein an elastic block is coated outside the outer sleeve between the excitation box and the inner wall of the shell.

The contact surface between the lower part of the main vertical shaft and the machine base is of a spherical structure so as to realize free rotary swing of the vibration excitation box and bear and decompose the reaction force generated when materials are crushed.

An inner cone base is sleeved on the main vertical shaft below the inner crushing cone, and a tensioning sleeve is arranged on the junction surface of the inner cone base and the main vertical shaft; positioning flat keys are evenly arranged on the combined surface of the inner cone base and the inner crushing cone; therefore, the inner crushing cone body and the main vertical shaft can be fastened together, so that no relative motion exists between the inner crushing cone body and the main vertical shaft, complex lubrication and sealing are not needed, and the structure of the equipment is greatly simplified.

And a square key is arranged between the main vertical shaft and the bottom wall of the excitation box, so that the main vertical shaft is prevented from loosening in the working process.

An inner taper sleeve is arranged between the main vertical shaft and the upper part of the excitation box, so that the excitation box is convenient to manufacture and process.

The invention has simple structure of the whole machine, no complex parts, simple manufacturing process, low manufacturing cost and convenient maintenance. Its advantages mainly include the following:

1. the overload self-protection function is realized, frequent start and stop are not needed, and the energy consumption is saved;

2. the centrifugal assembly is in meshing transmission through the gear set, the rigid transmission action of the gear enables the exciting force to have no relaxation and attenuation conditions of flexible transmission in the transmission process, and the maximum centrifugal resultant force can be continuously and stably provided to act on the crushed material no matter the amplitude, so the vibration crushing efficiency is high;

3. the inner crushing cone and the main vertical shaft do not move relatively, so that the inner crushing cone continuously stirs, extrudes and grinds crushed materials, and tangentially beats hard points of the crushed materials until the hard points are removed.

4. The design of the safety oil cylinder and the locking oil cylinder can realize random rapid adjustment under normal working conditions;

5. the elastic limiting stopper limits rigid contact between the outer crushing cone and the inner crushing cone, so that not only is collision and friction damage avoided, but also the phenomenon of over-crushing of crushed materials can be avoided;

6. the centrifugal mechanism hermetically arranged in the excitation box can realize intermittent circulating cooling oil supply, thereby saving energy and avoiding dust from polluting oil.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional self-synchronizing vibrating cone crusher.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the exciter portion of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the elastic stopper of fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so as to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present embodiment is only for explaining the technical principle of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Although the components in the drawings are illustrated in a certain proportional relationship, the proportional relationship is not constant, and those skilled in the art can make modifications as required to adapt to specific applications, and the modified embodiments will still fall within the scope of the present application.

It should also be noted that, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two components can be communicated with each other. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art as the case may be.

As shown in figures 2 and 3, the forced synchronous resonance inertia cone crusher of the invention comprises a shell 2 arranged on a stand 1, a motor 3 (two or four even-numbered sets are arranged to keep balance during working and limit the rotation of the vibration exciter), a vibration exciter, a main vertical shaft 4, an inner crushing cone 5 and an outer crushing cone 6, wherein the vibration exciter comprises a vibration exciting box 7 and a centrifugal mechanism arranged in the vibration exciting box 7 in a sealing way, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a plurality of sets of centrifugal assemblies 8 (concretely, the centrifugal assemblies can be arranged in even-numbered sets of two, four, six, eight and the like in a balancing way, if necessary, even more, the quantity of the centrifugal assemblies can be increased to increase the vibration exciting resultant force, the centrifugal resultant force can be amplified in multiples, and the crushing efficiency can be greatly improved), and each centrifugal assembly passes through a transmission gear set (a small gear 9 arranged on a working shaft of the centrifugal assemblies and a large gear 10 arranged at the lower part of an upper shell of the vibration exciting box 7) ) In operation, lubricating oil can enter the excitation box 7 from the inlet F1 to lubricate the gear set therein, and then flows out from the outlets F2 and F3, as shown in FIG. 3. Of course, other lubricating modes can be adopted to lubricate the gear shaft; the outer crushing cone 6 is fixedly arranged on a top cover 11, and a plurality of safety oil cylinders 12 are arranged between the top cover 11 and the machine shell 2.

When the device works, the motor 3 drives the pinions 9 on the working shafts of the centrifugal assemblies 8 to rotate through the transmission assemblies (transmission belts and wheels), the centrifugal resultant force of all the centrifugal assemblies drives the vibration exciter and drives the main vertical shaft 4 and the inner crushing cone 5 to synchronously move, and the rotary swing is realized; the material to be crushed forms a bed between the outer crushing cone 6 and the inner crushing cone 5, and is continuously stirred, beaten, squeezed, impacted, and ground by the inner crushing cone 5 to be crushed.

When large hard objects which are difficult to crush are encountered, the amplitude of the inner crushing cone 5 is immediately shrunk and even stops swinging, and at the moment, the safety oil cylinder 12 (which can receive signals and automatically control work after the set pressure is exceeded) acts to drive the outer crushing cone 6 to lift upwards to enlarge the space, so that the large hard objects are smoothly discharged. Namely, the safety oil cylinder 12 can automatically drive the top cover 11 and the outer crushing cone 6 to ascend when encountering large hard objects, such that the hard objects are timely discharged.

Each centrifugal component 8 is forced to synchronously rotate in the same direction due to the rigid transmission of the small gear 9 and the big gear 10, which is more beneficial to reducing the quality of the centrifugal component, thereby synchronously improving the rotating speed, improving the centrifugal resultant force and realizing the synchronous vibration of all the centrifugal components, so that the crushing resultant force is greatly improved compared with the self-synchronizing cone crushing; meanwhile, the rigid transmission action of the small gear 9 and the large gear 10 enables the exciting force to have no relaxation and attenuation conditions of flexible transmission in the transmission process, and the maximum centrifugal resultant force can be continuously and stably provided to act on the crushed materials no matter the amplitude, so that the vibration crushing efficiency is high. Through preliminary calculation, under the same power, the capacity is higher than that of a self-synchronizing crusher by more than 10 percent and is higher than that of other traditional crushers by 20 percent.

According to the invention, the gap adjusting mechanism is arranged between the top cover 11 and the casing 2, when the crusher works for a period of time, the gap between the inner crushing cone 5 and the outer crushing cone 6 is increased, namely the crushing cavity is seriously abraded, the gap adjusting mechanism can realize random adjustment of the gap between the inner crushing cone 5 and the outer crushing cone 6 during working, and frequent starting and stopping of equipment are not needed. Specifically, the clearance adjusting mechanism of the invention comprises a safety cover 13 and a locking member 14 which are arranged outside the top cover 11, and a locking cylinder 15 which is arranged below the locking member 14, wherein a piston rod of the locking cylinder 15 passes through a through hole at the bottom of the safety cover 13 and is fixed on the machine shell 2. When the gap needs to be adjusted, the locking oil cylinder 15 loosens the locking piece 14, the safety cover 13 is pressed downwards, the safety oil cylinder 12 is started at the same time, the top cover 11 and the outer crushing cone 6 are driven to move downwards together, the gap between the inner crushing cone 5 and the outer crushing cone 6 can be randomly adjusted during work, and after the safety oil cylinder 12 is adjusted, the locking oil cylinder 15 loosens the safety cover 13 and upwards jacks the locking piece 14 to finish the adjustment work. The outer side wall of the top cover 11 is provided with a vertical elongated slot, and a cylindrical pin 16 inserted from a through hole formed in the safety cover 13 can play a role in guiding and preventing rotation when the safety cover 13 moves up and down. Similarly, a plurality of gap adjustment mechanisms may be provided in a balanced manner, and other structures having the same function may be adopted.

An elastic limiter 17 is arranged between the excitation box 7 and the shell 2, so that rigid contact between the inner crushing cone 5 and the outer crushing cone 6 can be limited during working, rigid collision and friction damage between the inner crushing cone and the outer crushing cone are avoided, over-crushing of crushed materials can be avoided, and the yield of the crushed materials is effectively guaranteed (the yield is higher than that of a synchronous crusher by more than 30% through preliminary calculation).

Specifically, the elastic limiter structure designed by the invention is shown in fig. 4, and comprises an inner sleeve 17.1, an outer sleeve 17.2 and a pressure spring 17.3 which are sleeved together and slide relatively, wherein the outer sleeve 17.2 positioned between the excitation box 7 and the inner wall of the machine shell 2 is externally coated with an elastic block 17.4, the left side of the outer sleeve 17.2 is provided with a connecting piece 17.5 which is contacted with the excitation box, the connecting piece 17.5 is inserted into the pipe end of the outer sleeve 17.2 and is welded with the pipe end into a whole, and the right end of the inner sleeve 17.1 is fixed on the machine shell 2. When the elastic limiter is pressed on the top of the vibration excitation box, the connecting piece 17.5 drives the outer sleeve 17.2 and the elastic block 17.4 to move rightwards along the inner sleeve 17.1 until the elastic block is stopped by the obstruction of the pressure spring 17.3, so that the swing amplitude of the vibration exciter and the inner crushing cone is limited, and the rotation of the vibration exciter can be prevented.

In actual manufacturing, the number of the elastic stoppers 17 can be set to be a plurality in a balanced manner; the elastic stopper 17 may have other structures and may have the same effect.

The invention designs the working surface between the lower part of the main vertical shaft 4 and the machine base 1 into a spherical surface structure so as to meet the degree of freedom when the vibration excitation box swings in a rotating way and realize the free rotating swing of the vibration excitation box and bear and decompose the reaction force when crushing materials.

An inner cone base 18 is sleeved on a main vertical shaft 4 positioned below an inner crushing cone 5, and a tensioning sleeve 19 is arranged on a joint surface of the inner cone base 18 and the main vertical shaft 4; the positioning flat keys 20 are evenly arranged on the joint surface of the inner cone base 18 and the inner crushing cone 5, and the positioning flat keys 20 are fixed through bolts, so that the inner crushing cone 5 and the main vertical shaft 4 can be fastened together, and the inner crushing cone 5 and the main vertical shaft 4 do not move relatively in the working process, so that a complex lubricating and cooling system and a sealing device are not needed, the equipment structure is greatly simplified, the integral strength of the main vertical shaft 4 is ensured, meanwhile, the inner crushing cone 5 can continuously stir, extrude and grind crushed materials, and tangential beating is realized on hard points formed by continuous coalescence of the crushed materials until the hard points are removed.

The square key 21 is arranged between the main vertical shaft 4 and the bottom of the excitation box 7, so that the main vertical shaft 4 can not loosen and rotate under high-frequency vibration during working, the inner crushing cone 5 can not rotate along with the rotation, and the stirring efficiency during crushing is ensured.

An inner taper sleeve 22 is arranged between the main vertical shaft 4 and the upper part of the excitation box 7, and the main vertical shaft 4 can be fastened by the inner taper sleeve 22, the square key 21 and the excitation box shell together and can be limited to rotate. Meanwhile, the vibration excitation box is large in shell and inconvenient to integrally process, and the vibration excitation box is divided into a plurality of parts to be precisely processed and then combined during manufacturing, so that the processing technology can be simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced, later maintenance (only damaged parts can be replaced selectively) is facilitated, and the maintenance cost is greatly reduced.

Claims

1. A forced synchronous resonance inertia cone crusher comprises a shell arranged on a machine base, a motor, a vibration exciter, a main vertical shaft, an inner crushing cone and an outer crushing cone; the method is characterized in that:

the vibration exciter comprises a vibration excitation box and a centrifugal mechanism which is hermetically arranged in the vibration excitation box, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a plurality of sets of centrifugal assemblies which are arranged outside the main vertical shaft in a balanced manner, each centrifugal assembly is driven by a transmission gear set to work, and the centrifugal resultant force of all the centrifugal assemblies is transmitted by the vibration exciter to drive the main vertical shaft to drive the inner crushing cone to realize rotary swing;

and a self-adjusting discharge mechanism is arranged between the outer crushing cone and the inner crushing cone.

2. The forced synchronous resonant inertia cone crusher of claim 1, wherein: the outer cone is arranged on the top cover, and the self-adjusting discharge mechanism is a safety oil cylinder arranged between the top cover and the machine shell.

3. The forced synchronous resonant inertia cone crusher of claim 2, wherein: and a gap adjusting mechanism is arranged between the top cover and the shell.

4. A forced synchronous resonant inertia cone crusher as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the clearance adjusting mechanism comprises a safety cover and a locking member which are arranged outside the top cover, and a piston rod of a locking oil cylinder arranged below the locking member penetrates through a bottom through hole of the safety cover to be fixed on the casing.

5. The forced synchronous resonant inertia cone crusher of claim 1, wherein: an elastic limiter is arranged between the excitation box and the shell.

6. The forced synchronous resonant inertia cone crusher of claim 5, wherein: the elastic limiter comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve which are sleeved together and slide relatively, and a pressure spring arranged in the sleeves, wherein an elastic block is coated outside the outer sleeve between the excitation box and the inner wall of the shell.

7. The forced synchronous resonant inertia cone crusher of claim 1, wherein: the contact surface between the lower part of the main vertical shaft and the machine base is of a spherical structure.

8. The forced synchronous resonant inertia cone crusher of claim 1, wherein: an inner cone base is sleeved on the main vertical shaft below the inner crushing cone, and a tensioning sleeve is arranged on the junction surface of the inner cone base and the main vertical shaft; and positioning flat keys are uniformly arranged on the combined surface of the inner cone base and the inner crushing cone.

9. The forced synchronous resonant inertia cone crusher of claim 1, wherein: and a square key is arranged between the main vertical shaft and the bottom wall of the excitation box.

10. The forced synchronous resonant inertia cone crusher of claim 1, wherein: an inner taper sleeve is arranged between the main vertical shaft and the upper part of the excitation box.