CN113941217A - Energy storage system and method for carbon dioxide capture and flexible peak regulation of coal-fired power station - Google Patents
Energy storage system and method for carbon dioxide capture and flexible peak regulation of coal-fired power station Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 110
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/22—Carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy storage method and system for carbon dioxide capture and flexible peak regulation of a coal-fired power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage system and method for carbon dioxide capture of a coal-fired power station and flexible peak regulation of a thermal power generating unit.
Background
In order to realize carbon peak carbon neutralization early, renewable energy sources, including hydroenergy, wind energy, solar energy and other renewable resources, are increasingly paid attention to people, and the total machine loading capacity and the power generation capacity are rapidly increased; on the other hand, the electric energy consumption of a user side often has a periodic characteristic, namely, the electricity consumption in the daytime is mainly industrial electricity and the like, and the electricity consumption is large; therefore, the instability of the renewable energy power generation and the periodicity of the electric quantity demand of the user side can generate systematic contradiction, and the unbalance can generate great hidden trouble for the safe and stable operation of the electric power system.
In order to solve the problem that the power supply side and the user side are not matched in power, researchers begin to research a large number of related energy storage technologies to realize peak clipping and valley filling of a power grid, store high-yield power in a low-valley period of power demand, and supplement the stored power into the power grid in a high-peak period of high power demand. The energy storage technology can maintain the safe and stable operation of the power system, and avoids the impact on the power grid caused by power consumption fluctuation. On the user side, the user can select the storage and the release of the electric energy according to the valley peak value of the electricity price, and the economic benefit of the electric power is improved.
In order to realize peak load elimination of a power grid, various energy storage technologies have been developed to meet the requirement of the power grid on energy storage, and the technologies mainly include a pumped water power station energy storage system (CN112733424A, CN212296699U), a compressed air energy storage system (CN112727687A), a flywheel energy storage system (CN112727686A), a storage battery energy storage system (CN 111490208 a), a superconducting magnetic energy storage system, a super capacitor and the like.
The energy storage of the pumping power station has the advantages of mature related technology, high energy storage efficiency, large energy storage capacity and the like, and is one of the most widely applied power energy storage systems at present. However, the energy storage system of the pumping power station needs special geographical conditions to build a reservoir and a dam, so that the site selection is difficult, the construction period is long, the investment cost is high, and the system is limited in many aspects.
The compressed air energy storage system is used for storing energy by compressing air during energy storage, and releasing high-pressure air to do work through an expansion machine to generate power when more generated energy is needed in a power grid. The general compressed air energy storage system needs to compress air to 7-10 Mpa, and the technical difficulty and the manufacturing cost for manufacturing a large-volume air high-pressure storage tank are very huge, so that special terrain conditions such as caves and mines are usually needed to realize air storage, and the development of compressed air energy storage is greatly limited; meanwhile, the pressure of the compressed air is continuously reduced in the releasing process, the expansion machine cannot stably operate to output stable voltage, in order to ensure the stable operation of the expansion machine, the high-pressure air needs to be throttled by a pressure stabilizing device and then used after being depressurized, and a large amount of compression energy is wasted in the process.
In view of the limitation of the existing energy storage technology, the invention provides a brand-new energy storage system, which adopts a high-temperature solid adsorbent as an energy storage medium, utilizes the heat-absorbing adsorbent regeneration reaction to absorb the surplus electric quantity in the low-valley period of the power grid, utilizes the heat-releasing adsorbent to absorb the reaction of carbon dioxide in the peak period of the power grid to heat steam to enter a steam turbine for power generation by doing work, and simultaneously traps the carbon dioxide in the flue gas of a coal-fired boiler.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy storage method and system for carbon dioxide capture and flexible peak regulation of a coal-fired power plant.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an energy storage system for carbon dioxide capture and unit flexible peak regulation of a coal-fired power plant, which comprises an adsorption-state adsorbent storage tank, a regeneration reactor, an adsorbent storage tank, an adsorption reactor, a regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger, an adsorption reactor tail gas heat exchanger, a steam pipeline, a material transportation device and a flue gas pipeline.
Wherein, the adsorption state adsorbent storage tank passes through material transport device and regeneration reactor entry linkage, and the regeneration reactor export passes through material transport device to be connected with adiabatic adsorbent storage tank, and the adsorbent storage tank passes through material transport device and adsorption reactor entry linkage, and the adsorption reactor export passes through material transport device to be connected with the adsorption state adsorbent storage tank.
Wherein, an adsorption reactor heat exchanger is arranged in the adsorption reactor.
The regeneration reactor is connected with the regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger through a regeneration reactor tail gas flue, and the adsorption reactor is connected with the adsorption reactor tail gas heat exchanger through an adsorption reactor tail gas flue.
The invention provides an energy storage method for flexibly peak-shaving a unit by adopting the system, which takes an adsorbent as an energy storage medium, utilizes the regeneration reaction of an endothermic adsorption-state adsorbent to absorb the excess electricity quantity in the power consumption valley period of a power grid, utilizes the adsorption reaction of the adsorbent and carbon dioxide to release heat to heat steam, and utilizes the steam to do work in a steam turbine to generate power.
The adsorbent is a carbon dioxide adsorbent.
The adsorbent can be a calcium-based material, a barium-based material, a magnesium-based material, a zeolite-based material, a lithium silicate material, a lithium zirconate material, a perovskite-based material.
The energy storage method further specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, when the electric quantity is excessive, the excessive electric quantity is consumed to heat and regenerate the adsorbent in the adsorption state to generate high-temperature adsorbent and high-temperature carbon dioxide, the high-temperature adsorbent is stored in a heat preservation mode, and the high-temperature carbon dioxide is used for heating steam;
secondly, when the electric quantity is insufficient, the high-temperature adsorbent obtained in the first step and carbon dioxide in the tail gas of the coal-fired power station are subjected to adsorption reaction to generate an adsorption-state adsorbent, and the reaction releases heat to generate high-temperature nitrogen-rich tail gas which is used for heating pipeline steam;
and thirdly, returning the steam generated in the first step and the second step to the coal-fired power plant for the steam turbine to do work and generate power.
In the first step, the high-temperature carbon dioxide is sealed after heat recovery or is industrially applied after purification.
The invention also provides a method for capturing carbon dioxide in a coal-fired power plant by adopting the system, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, tail gas generated by a coal-fired power plant enters an adsorption reactor through a flue gas pipeline;
and secondly, the high-temperature adsorbent is sent into an adsorption reactor, reacts with carbon dioxide in the tail gas to generate an adsorption adsorbent and releases heat.
The invention has the advantages of
1. The method fully utilizes the surplus electric quantity in the power grid when the user end in the power grid is in the power consumption valley period, and supplements the electric energy in time when more electric energy is needed in the power grid, thereby realizing peak clipping and valley filling of the power grid and effectively solving the problems of wind and light abandonment;
2. the energy storage system overcomes the defects of difficult site selection, large construction investment, long construction period and the like of the traditional water storage energy storage and compressed air energy storage, can be built near the existing coal-fired power station, is simple in site selection, and has lower cost because the selected adsorbent can be made of low-cost materials;
3. the invention realizes the carbon dioxide capture of the coal-fired power station while realizing energy storage and peak clipping and valley filling of the power grid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system with carbon dioxide capture and peak and valley elimination functions for a coal-fired power plant.
1. The system comprises an adsorption-state adsorbent storage tank, 2 an adsorption reactor, 3 an adsorbent storage tank, 4 an adsorption reactor, 5 an adsorption reactor heat exchanger, 6 an adsorption reactor tail gas heat exchanger, 7a regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger, 8 a regeneration reactor tail gas flue, 9 a steam pipeline, 10 an adsorption reactor tail gas flue and 11 a material transmission device.
Detailed Description
The energy storage system and the energy storage method provided by the invention can realize the functions of peak load removal of a power grid and carbon dioxide capture of a coal-fired power station, have the advantages of high capacity, high energy density, low storage cost, long-time storage and simple and feasible site selection. During energy storage, the solid adsorbent is directly electrically heated by using abundant electric quantity in the power grid during the period of low power consumption at the user side in the power grid, so that the adsorbent is decomposed and regenerated at high temperature to generate a high-temperature adsorbent and release high-temperature carbon dioxide, wherein the high-temperature carbon dioxide is used for heating steam in a pipeline, the cooled carbon dioxide is industrially utilized or buried to reduce carbon dioxide emission, and the regenerated high-temperature adsorbent enters an adiabatic adsorbent storage tank for heat preservation and storage; when the user side in the power grid reaches the peak period of power utilization, feeding flue gas with carbon dioxide subjected to wet desulphurization and denitration treatment in the coal-fired power plant and an adsorbent in a regenerated adsorbent storage tank into an adsorption reactor, reacting the high-temperature adsorbent fed into the adsorption reactor with the carbon dioxide in the flue gas subjected to wet desulphurization in the coal-fired power plant, heating steam in a pipeline by using a large amount of heat released by adsorption reaction, feeding the generated high-temperature nitrogen-rich tail gas into a tail gas heat exchanger of the adsorption reactor to heat the steam, and then discharging the high-temperature nitrogen-rich tail gas into the atmosphere; steam in the pipeline is condensed water in a thermodynamic system of the coal-fired power plant, and high-temperature high-pressure steam is generated after sequentially passing through the tail gas heat exchanger of the adsorption reactor, the heat exchanger of the adsorption reactor and the tail gas heat exchanger of the regeneration reactor and then returns to a steam turbine in the thermodynamic system of the coal-fired power plant to do work for power generation. The system provided by the invention can ensure continuous and stable storage and release of electric energy, has high energy storage density, high energy storage efficiency and simple site selection, and is not limited by factors such as geographical conditions and the like; meanwhile, the system realizes the high-efficiency capture of carbon dioxide of the coal-fired power station while realizing large-scale peak-load-eliminating and energy-storing.
The energy storage system provided by the invention specifically comprises an adsorption-state adsorbent storage tank, a regeneration reactor, an adsorbent storage tank, an adsorption reactor, a regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger, an adsorption reactor tail gas heat exchanger, a steam pipeline, a material conveying device and a flue gas pipeline.
The adsorption-state adsorbent storage tank is connected with the inlet of the regeneration reactor through the material transportation device, the outlet of the regeneration reactor is connected with the adiabatic adsorbent storage tank through the material transportation device, the adsorbent storage tank is connected with the inlet of the adsorption reactor through the material transportation device, the outlet of the adsorption reactor is connected with the adsorption-state adsorbent storage tank through the material transportation device, the adsorption-state adsorbent storage tank and the adsorbent storage tank form a circulation, and the adsorption-state adsorbent circulates in the adsorption-state adsorbent storage tank.
An adsorption reactor heat exchanger is arranged in the adsorption reactor.
The regeneration reactor is connected with the regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger through a regeneration reactor tail gas flue, and the adsorption reactor is connected with the adsorption reactor tail gas heat exchanger through an adsorption reactor tail gas flue.
The high-temperature steam pipeline introduces condensed water of the coal-fired power plant to the adsorption reactor.
The flue gas is introduced into the adsorption reactor through a flue gas pipeline and comes from a smoke exhaust device of a coal-fired power plant.
During energy storage, the solid adsorbent is directly electrically heated by using abundant electric quantity in the power grid during the period of low power consumption at the user side in the power grid, so that the adsorbent is decomposed and regenerated at high temperature to generate a high-temperature adsorbent and release high-temperature carbon dioxide, wherein the high-temperature carbon dioxide is used for heating steam in a pipeline, the cooled carbon dioxide is industrially utilized or buried to reduce carbon dioxide emission, and the regenerated high-temperature adsorbent enters an adiabatic adsorbent storage tank for heat preservation and storage; when the user side in the power grid reaches the peak period of power utilization, feeding flue gas with carbon dioxide subjected to wet desulphurization and denitration treatment in the coal-fired power plant and an adsorbent in a regenerated adsorbent storage tank into an adsorption reactor, reacting the high-temperature adsorbent fed into the adsorption reactor with the carbon dioxide in the flue gas subjected to wet desulphurization in the coal-fired power plant, heating steam in a pipeline by using a large amount of heat released by adsorption reaction, feeding the generated high-temperature nitrogen-rich tail gas into a tail gas heat exchanger of the adsorption reactor to heat the steam, and then discharging the high-temperature nitrogen-rich tail gas into the atmosphere; steam in the pipeline is condensed water in a thermodynamic system of the coal-fired power plant, and high-temperature high-pressure steam is generated after sequentially passing through the tail gas heat exchanger of the adsorption reactor, the heat exchanger of the adsorption reactor and the tail gas heat exchanger of the regeneration reactor and then returns to a steam turbine in the thermodynamic system of the coal-fired power plant to do work for power generation.
The adsorbent storage tank is also connected with a slag discharge device, and the deactivated adsorbent after multiple reactions is discharged by the slag discharge device and then can be used for desulfurization of the coal-fired power plant.
The invention also provides a method for realizing carbon dioxide capture of a coal-fired power plant, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, tail gas generated by a coal-fired power plant enters an adsorption reactor through a flue gas pipeline;
and secondly, the high-temperature adsorbent is sent into an adsorption reactor, reacts with carbon dioxide in the tail gas to generate an adsorption adsorbent and releases heat.
The invention also provides a coal-fired power plant energy storage method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, when the electric quantity is excessive, the adsorption adsorbent is electrically heated through the excessive electric quantity to generate a high-temperature adsorbent and high-temperature carbon dioxide, the high-temperature adsorbent is stored in a heat preservation mode, and the high-temperature carbon dioxide is used for heating steam;
secondly, when the electric quantity is insufficient, the high-temperature adsorbent obtained in the first step and carbon dioxide in the tail gas of the coal-fired power station are subjected to adsorption reaction to generate an adsorption adsorbent, and the reaction releases heat to generate high-temperature nitrogen-rich tail gas for heating pipeline steam;
and thirdly, returning the steam generated in the first step and the second step to the coal-fired power plant for the steam turbine to do work and generate power.
In the first step, the high-temperature carbon dioxide is sealed after heat recovery or is industrially applied after purification.
The first step is that when the power consumption of the user side in the power grid is insufficient and the power grid is excessive, the adsorption adsorbent in the adsorption adsorbent storage tank is sent to the regeneration reactor, the excessive power is used for electrically heating the regeneration reactor to more than 800 ℃, the adsorption adsorbent is subjected to decomposition reaction in the regeneration reactor to generate high-temperature adsorbent and high-temperature carbon dioxide, wherein the high-temperature adsorbent enters the adsorbent storage tank for heat preservation and storage, the high-temperature carbon dioxide enters the regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger for heating steam, and the generated high-temperature carbon dioxide heats the steam through the heat exchange device for heat recovery.
And the second step is further specifically that when the user side in the power grid is at a power utilization peak value and the power grid needs to increase the generated energy, the adsorbent in the adsorbent storage tank is sent into the adsorption reactor, meanwhile, the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler is sent into the adsorption reactor, carbon dioxide in the tail gas of the power station and the high-temperature adsorbent are subjected to adsorption reaction to generate an adsorption adsorbent, the adsorption adsorbent is sent into the adsorption adsorbent storage tank, the reaction releases heat, the steam in the heating pipeline of the heat exchanger of the adsorption reactor is passed, and the high-temperature nitrogen-rich tail gas is generated and enters the heating pipeline steam of the tail gas heat exchanger of the adsorption reactor.
The sorbent may be a calcium-based (e.g., calcium oxide), barium-based (e.g., barium oxide), magnesium-based material, zeolite-based material, lithium silicate material, lithium zirconate material, perovskite-based material, or the like.
The water in the steam pipeline is condensed water from a coal-fired power plant thermodynamic system, and high-temperature steam generated after the condensed water passes through the adsorption reactor heat exchanger, the adsorption reactor tail gas heat exchanger and the regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger in sequence and is returned to the coal-fired power plant thermodynamic system for power generation.
The material conveying device can adopt mechanical conveying or pneumatic conveying.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and drawings, by which how to apply technical means to solve technical problems and achieve a technical effect can be fully understood and implemented.
As shown in fig. 1, an adsorbent storage tank 1 in an adsorption state is connected with a regeneration reactor 2 through a material conveying device 11; the regeneration reactor 2 is connected with the adsorbent storage tank 3 through a material conveying device 11, and on the other hand, the regeneration reactor 2 is connected with a regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger 7 through a regeneration reactor tail gas flue 8; the adsorbent storage tank 3 is connected with the adsorption reactor 4 through a material conveying device; the adsorption reactor 4 is connected with the adsorption adsorbent storage tank 1 through a material conveying device, and on the other hand, the adsorption reactor 4 is connected with the adsorption reactor tail gas heat exchanger 6 through an adsorption reactor tail gas flue 10; condensed water from a power generation system is led out from the steam pipeline 9 and finally enters the high-temperature steam pipeline 9; the flue gas is introduced from a fume extractor of a power station to finally generate high-purity carbon dioxide gas and high-purity nitrogen. Wherein, the adsorption adsorbent/adsorbent working medium circulates in the adsorption adsorbent storage tank 1, the regeneration reactor 2, the adsorbent storage tank 3 and the adsorption reactor 4.
When electric energy in a power grid is surplus, the adsorption-state adsorbent in the adsorption-state adsorbent storage tank 1 is conveyed into the regeneration reactor 2 through the material conveying device 11, meanwhile, the surplus electric quantity in the power grid is utilized to heat the regeneration reactor 2 to 900 ℃, the adsorption-state adsorbent is subjected to decomposition reaction at high temperature, the generated high-temperature adsorbent enters the adsorbent storage tank through the material conveying device 11 for heat preservation and storage, the generated high-temperature carbon dioxide enters the regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger 7 through the regeneration reactor flue 8 to heat steam in a pipeline, and the generated high-temperature steam finally enters the power generation system for power generation.
When more electric energy is needed in a power grid, namely, when the system is used for generating power, the high-temperature adsorbent stored in the adsorbent storage tank 3 is sent into the adsorption reactor 4 through the material conveying device 11, on the other hand, tail gas discharged by a power station is introduced into the adsorption reactor 4, carbon dioxide in the tail gas of the power station reacts with the adsorbent in the carbonating furnace to generate adsorption adsorbent and release heat, the released heat is used for heating steam in a pipeline through the adsorption reactor heat exchanger 5, the generated adsorption adsorbent enters the adsorption adsorbent storage tank 1 for storage, and the generated high-temperature nitrogen tail gas enters the adsorption reactor tail gas heat exchanger through the adsorption reactor flue to heat the steam. The steam in the pipeline then flows to the tail gas heat exchanger of the adsorption reactor and is heated by the high-temperature nitrogen.
All of the above mentioned intellectual property rights are not intended to be restrictive to other forms of implementing the new and/or new products. Those skilled in the art will take advantage of this important information, and the foregoing will be modified to achieve similar performance. However, all modifications or alterations are based on the new products of the invention and belong to the reserved rights.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a coal fired power plant carbon dioxide entrapment and energy storage system of nimble peak regulation which characterized in that: the device comprises an adsorption-state adsorbent storage tank, a regeneration reactor, an adsorbent storage tank, an adsorption reactor, a regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger, an adsorption reactor tail gas heat exchanger, a steam pipeline, a material transportation device and a flue gas pipeline.
2. The coal-fired power plant carbon dioxide capture and peak shaving energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the adsorption state adsorbent storage tank is connected with the regeneration reactor inlet through the material transportation device, the regeneration reactor outlet is connected with the adiabatic adsorbent storage tank through the material transportation device, the adsorbent storage tank is connected with the adsorption reactor inlet through the material transportation device, and the adsorption reactor outlet is connected with the adsorption state adsorbent storage tank through the material transportation device.
3. The coal-fired power plant carbon dioxide capture and peak shaving energy storage system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: an adsorption reactor heat exchanger is arranged in the adsorption reactor.
4. The coal-fired power plant carbon dioxide capture and peak shaving energy storage system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the regeneration reactor is connected with the regeneration reactor tail gas heat exchanger through a regeneration reactor tail gas flue, and the adsorption reactor is connected with the adsorption reactor tail gas heat exchanger through an adsorption reactor tail gas flue.
5. An energy storage method for flexible peak shaving using the system of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the adsorbent is used as an energy storage medium, the excess electric quantity of the power grid during the power utilization trough period is consumed by utilizing the regeneration reaction of the heat-absorbing adsorption-state adsorbent, the heat is released by utilizing the adsorption reaction of the adsorbent and carbon dioxide to heat steam, and the steam is utilized to do work in the steam turbine to generate power.
6. The energy storage method for flexible peak shaving by the system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the adsorbent is a carbon dioxide adsorbent.
7. The energy storage method for flexible peak shaving by the system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the adsorbent can be a calcium-based material, a barium-based material, a magnesium-based material, a zeolite-based material, a lithium silicate material, a lithium zirconate material, a perovskite-based material.
8. An energy storage method for flexible peak shaving by a system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: further concretely comprises the following steps of,
step one, when the electric quantity is excessive, the adsorption adsorbent is electrically heated through the excessive electric quantity to generate a high-temperature adsorbent and high-temperature carbon dioxide, the high-temperature adsorbent is stored in a heat preservation mode, and the high-temperature carbon dioxide is used for heating steam;
secondly, when the electric quantity is insufficient, the high-temperature adsorbent obtained in the first step and carbon dioxide in the tail gas of the coal-fired power station are subjected to adsorption reaction to generate an adsorption adsorbent, and the reaction releases heat to generate high-temperature nitrogen-rich tail gas for heating pipeline steam;
and thirdly, returning the steam generated in the first step and the second step to the coal-fired power plant for the steam turbine to do work and generate power.
9. The energy storage method for flexible peak shaving by the system according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the first step, the high-temperature carbon dioxide is sealed after heat recovery or is industrially applied after purification.
10. A method for capturing carbon dioxide from a coal-fired power plant using the system of any of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
firstly, tail gas generated by a coal-fired power plant enters an adsorption reactor through a flue gas pipeline;
and secondly, the high-temperature adsorbent is sent into an adsorption reactor, reacts with carbon dioxide in the tail gas to generate an adsorption adsorbent and releases heat.
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