CN113940312A - Breeding method for laying hens - Google Patents
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a breeding method of laying hens, which comprises the following steps: s1) screening the weight of 1 day old chicks, breeding the chicks with qualified weight in cages, observing the chicks every day in two weeks in the cages, and randomly selecting the chicks to perform a caesarean test to check the egg yolk absorption condition; s2) the chick is cooled at week 5; s3) performing infectious laryngotracheitis immunization on the chicks at 8-9 weeks, performing respiratory auscultation before immunization, confirming no respiratory symptoms, feeding antibiotics to prevent secondary infection and increasing the house temperature on the day of inoculation; s4) adjusting the culture density at 14 weeks. According to the breeding method provided by the invention, the corresponding means are implemented at different growth stages of different egg breeding hens, so that the weight of each stage of the egg breeding hens in the growth process can reach the standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a poultry breeding technology, in particular to an egg breeding hen breeding method capable of ensuring the weight percent of pass of each breeding stage.
Background
The organ growth and development emphasis of the laying hens at each growth stage is different, and the body weight is an external expression form reflecting the overall development degree of body organs. The unqualified weight percent means that the development of organs does not reach the standard, and the production performance of the egg producing period is seriously influenced.
The applicant of the invention finds that the weight percent of pass is influenced most by the feeding week and the feeding season by summarizing the weight growth rule of the egg breeding hens.
The week age is the first influencing factor of the weight percent of pass, and the following rules are found by combining practice: the weight of the brood and bred chickens is low in the percent of pass after 1-2 weeks, 8-9 weeks and 14 weeks. The analysis reason is as follows: 1) body weight at 1-2 weeks of age is affected by birth weight and yolk absorption rate of the chicks; 2) because the chicken flocks at 8-9 weeks age immunize the infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine (the infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine belongs to attenuated live vaccine, the toxicity is strong), serious immune side reaction generally occurs in 4-9 days of immunization, the chicken flocks have the symptoms of body temperature rise, eye lacrimation, eye socket deformation, eye closure and the like, the chicken flocks are seriously affected to eat, and the weight percent of pass is affected; 3) after 14 weeks of age, in order to reduce the feeding cost in the production management, the feeding density is high, so that the feeding, drinking and activity space of the chicken flocks is insufficient, the normal feeding, drinking and other activities of the chicken flocks are influenced, and the managerial weight percent of pass is low.
The season is the second influencing factor of the weight percent of pass, statistics shows that the weight percent of pass of the young winter chicks is higher than that of the young winter chicks, and the stage with obvious performance is 5-9 weeks old. The analysis reason is as follows: after 1-5 weeks (1-35 days old), the chicks are mainly heated by a boiler, and the temperature of the environment in the house can be basically stabilized to meet the actual requirements of the chicken flocks. After 5 weeks, the chicks are in a desuperheating stage, the desuperheating process of the chicks can be strictly carried out according to a desuperheating process in winter, and the food intake of the chicken flocks is not influenced by the external temperature. The external temperature in summer is high, the normal temperature-removing process cannot be realized, the temperature in the house is often higher than the actual required temperature of the chicken flocks by more than 5 ℃, the feed intake of the chicken flocks is seriously influenced, and the weight percent of pass of the summer chicks in 5-9 weeks does not reach the standard.
Therefore, how to design a feeding method capable of ensuring the qualified weight of the laying hens in each stage in the growth process has important significance for the breeding of the laying hens.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the findings, the invention aims to provide a breeding method of breeding hens, which aims to solve the problem that the weights of the breeding hens at different stages do not reach the standard in the breeding process through different measures, and comprises the following specific steps:
s1) screening the weight of 1 day old chicks, breeding the chicks with qualified weight in cages, observing the chicks every day in two weeks in the cages, and randomly selecting the chicks to perform a caesarean test to check the egg yolk absorption condition;
s2) the chick is cooled at week 5;
s3) performing infectious laryngotracheitis immunization on the chicks at 8-9 weeks, performing respiratory auscultation before immunization, confirming no respiratory symptoms, feeding antibiotics to prevent secondary infection and increasing the house temperature on the day of inoculation;
s4) adjusting the culture density at 14 weeks;
s5) marketing.
And the method further comprises the step S1-1 of adopting high-temperature brooding when the egg yolk malabsorption of the chicks is found and/or the chicks are found weak, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature brooding is increased by 0.5-1 degree on the day when the egg yolk malabsorption is found, and the subsequent temperature reduction range every day is 0.5 degree and the chicks are aged for 14 days.
The method further comprises a step S2-1 of determining and adjusting the ventilation quantity according to the outside temperature in summer, determining the ventilation quantity through the minimum breathing quantity when the outside temperature is lower than 24 ℃, and determining the ventilation quantity through the chick body feeling temperature when the outside temperature is higher than 24 ℃.
Wherein, in step S3, respiratory auscultation is performed every 1 day every 1 week before immunization.
Wherein, the temperature is increased by 1-2 degrees in step S3.
Wherein the antibiotics in step S3 are doxycycline and tiamulin.
The method for calculating the culture density in the step S4 comprises the following steps: calculating the breeding density by the formula A and the formula B, and selecting the method with the minimum breeding amount as the standard of the breeding density;
wherein, formula A: the breeding density is the length of a single cage feeding trough/the shoulder width of the chicken;
wherein, formula B: the breeding density is 1.2 times of the area of a single cage/the projected area of the chicken.
The breeding method provided by the invention can ensure that the weight of the egg-laying hens reaches the standard in each stage in the breeding process, and the condition that defective chickens appear in the breeding process is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The invention provides a breeding method of laying hens, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1) screening the weight of 1-day-old chicks, selecting chicks with the weight more than 35g for cage culture, observing the chicks every day in two weeks in the cage, randomly selecting the chicks for cesary examination to check the egg yolk absorption condition, and adopting high-temperature brooding when the egg yolk absorption condition of the chicks is poor and/or the chicks are found to be weak in physique; the high-temperature brooding is to increase the temperature of the house by 0.5-1 ℃ in the day when the egg yolk absorption condition of the chicks is found to be poor and/or when the physique of the chicks is found to be weak, and then the temperature is reduced by 0.5 ℃ every day until the chicks are 14 days old.
The part needs to be explained that the body temperature regulating function of 1 day old chicks in cages is imperfect, in order to ensure the proper growth environment, the temperature of 36.5 ℃ is adopted, and the artificial heating is needed to realize, along with the increase of the day age of the chicken flocks, the temperature regulating function of the chicken flocks is gradually perfect, the environment temperature can be properly reduced, and the temperature difference of 1 day in a normal house is not more than 1 ℃;
the weak constitution of the chicks mentioned in this section is to check whether the chicks are in a state of mental depression such as disordered feather or not by observation.
S2) the chick is subjected to temperature release in 5-9 weeks, the chick is not subjected to normal temperature release in summer, if the chick is subjected to temperature release in summer, a mode that the ventilation volume is determined by the minimum breathing volume and transited to the mode that the ventilation volume is determined by the 'body sensing temperature' is gradually realized, when the external temperature is lower than 24 ℃, the chick is determined by the minimum breathing volume, and when the external temperature is higher than 24 ℃, the chick body sensing temperature is used for determining the ventilation volume. The minimum ventilation amount is the number of columns stored/1000 × unit minimum ventilation amount, and specific reference is made to table 1.
Table 1 unit of lowest ventilation (reference) for different ambient temperature units for different weeks: cubic meter/hour/thousand
The ventilation management with sensible temperature as a core is carried out, the sensible temperature of a target is 18-25 ℃, the sensible temperature of the target is known, under the conditions of actually measured temperature and humidity, the required wind speed is determined according to a sensible temperature comparison table, and the ventilation quantity is equal to the wind speed multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the henhouse.
TABLE 2 wind speed required by temperature sensitivity of target under different relative humidity and temperature
S3) the infectious laryngotracheitis immunity is carried out when the chicks are 8-9 weeks old, and the infectious laryngotracheitis (laryngitis for short) immunity with serious side effect is immunity in the brood and brood period. First, laryngitis vaccines belong to attenuated live vaccines, and strains have strong virulence, and after immunization, the vaccines can cause some damage to chickens, which is similar to natural infection but has a slightly mild symptom. Secondly, laryngitis immunity causes tracheal injury and nonspecific immunity of a secondary immune system, so that the immune system is damaged to a certain degree, and bacteria exist in the environment, so that the condition of secondary infection can be caused quickly. Therefore, laryngitis immunity is the vaccine which has the most serious side effect.
The immunity in this application is infectious laryngotracheitis immunity.
Aiming at the characteristics of the vaccine, a proposal with pertinence for preventing laryngitis immune side reaction is provided, and the specific scheme is as follows:
1. performing respiratory tract auscultation every 1 day every 1 week before immunization, and confirming no respiratory tract symptoms;
respiratory auscultation was performed 1 week before laryngitis immunization every 1 day, ensuring that respiratory symptoms did not appear before laryngitis immunization. Laryngitis immunity mainly produces local mucous membrane antibody on trachea and bronchus mucous membrane surface to establish the immune barrier, effectively prevent and reduce the invasion of pathogen from the respiratory track, respiratory track mucous membrane will be harmd by the stimulation of external adverse circumstances after taking place the respiratory track, make it can not play normal immunity safeguard function, so appear serious respiratory track damage condition in the chicken crowd under the circumstances, carry out laryngitis immunity not only can not reach the immune effect, but also aggravate the state of an illness, must not pay attention to.
2. The antibiotic is used for feeding (doxycycline and tiamulin with three ten-thousandth weight are added into feed) to prevent secondary infection, the risk of secondary infection of chicken flocks is high (according to the conclusion of historical experience, eye closure, food intake refusal and the like can occur in three days after immunization), the feeding is generally selected to be started 2-3 days before immunization and is continuously fed to 2-3 days after immunization, the risk of secondary infection is low (eye lacrimation and orbital microdeformation occur in the afternoon of the third day after immunization), the preventive administration can be started 4-6 days after immunization, and the feeding can be specifically that the feeding is performed once every morning
3. After immunization, the body temperature of the chicken flocks rises to a certain degree, the chicken flocks lie on the stomach, are piled and the like, so that the feed intake is reduced, and the house temperature can be increased by 1-2 ℃ for improving the feed intake desire of the chicken flocks.
S4) adjusting the cultivation density at 14 weeks
The method for calculating the culture density comprises the following steps: calculating the breeding density by the formula A and the formula B, and selecting the method with the minimum breeding amount as the standard of the breeding density;
wherein, formula A: the breeding density is the length (meter) of a single cage feeding trough/the shoulder width (meter) of the chicken;
wherein, formula B: the breeding density is 1.2 times (square meter) of the area of a single cage per the projected area of the chicken.
Example one
S1) screening the weight of 1 day old chicks, selecting chicks with the weight more than 35g for cage culture, observing the physique of the chicks every day, randomly sampling and inspecting 3 chicks for egg yolk absorption, extracting and inspecting two chicks with poor egg yolk absorption in three days, and adopting high-temperature brooding, wherein the high-temperature brooding is realized by that the brooding house temperature is improved by 1 degree in the day, the temperature reduction range is 0.5 degree every day to 14 days old, and the average value of the weight of the chicks in 14 days is recorded as 125g, and the standard weight of the week is 120 g;
s2) the chick is subjected to temperature removal in 5-9 weeks, not in summer.
S3) performing infectious laryngotracheitis immunization on chicks at 9 weeks of age, performing respiratory auscultation every 1 day every 1 week before immunization, confirming no respiratory symptoms and finding higher risk of secondary infection, preventing secondary infection by using mixed feeding of doxycycline and tiamulin and increasing the house temperature by 2 ℃ on the day of inoculation, wherein the feeding mode is that the feeding lasts for 3 days before immunization until 3 days after immunization, the doxycycline and tiamulin are mixed by 1:1 and then fed with three-ten-thousandth of the feed weight in the morning every day, and the average value of the weight of the chicks at 14 weeks is 1189g and the standard weight of the chick at the week is 1180 g;
s4) adjusting the cultivation density at 14 weeks
The method for calculating the breeding density of the chickens comprises the following steps of 1) determining the optimal breeding amount of a single cage according to a formula A, wherein the length (0.65 m) of a single cage feeding groove/the shoulder width (0.095 m) of each chicken is 7; 2) 10 were projected through 1.2 times the area of a single cage (0.41 square meters)/chicken (0.042 square meters). After the two schemes are checked, the method with the minimum feeding amount is selected as the standard of feeding density, and 7 optimal feeding amounts of single cages are determined. The mean body weight at the time of marketing was recorded as 1271g, and the standard body weight of this week was 1260 g.
Example two
S1) screening the weight of 1 day old chicks, selecting chicks with the weight more than 35g for cage culture, observing the physique of the chicks every day, randomly sampling and inspecting 3 chicks for egg yolk absorption by a caesarean test, wherein the chicks without the egg yolk malabsorption are not detected, but the chicks are found to be weak on the 4 th day, adopting high-temperature brooding, wherein the high-temperature brooding is to find that the brooding house temperature of the current day is improved by 0.5 ℃ under the condition, the temperature reduction range is 0.5 ℃ every day until the chicks are 14 days old, recording the average value of the weight of the chicks in 14 days as 119g, and the standard weight of the week is 120 g;
s2) the chick is subjected to temperature removal in 5-9 weeks, not in summer.
S3) performing infectious laryngotracheitis immunization on chicks at the age of 8 weeks, performing respiratory auscultation every 1 day every 1 week before immunization, confirming no respiratory symptoms and finding low risk of secondary infection, performing mixed feeding of doxycycline and tiamulin to prevent secondary infection and raising the temperature of a house by 1 ℃ on the day of inoculation, wherein the feeding mode is that the feeding is continuously performed for 4 days from the 4 th day after immunization, and the doxycycline and the tiamulin are mixed by 1 to 1 and then are fed with concomitant food according to three ten-thousandth of the weight of the feed every morning.
S4) adjusting the cultivation density at 14 weeks
The method for calculating the breeding density of the chickens comprises the following steps of 1) determining the optimal breeding amount of a single cage according to a formula A, wherein the length (2.7 meters) of a single cage feeding groove/the shoulder width (0.095 meter) of each chicken is 28; 2) after accounting for 25 chickens in the single cage area (1.3 square meters)/chicken projection area (0.042 square meters) through two schemes, the method with the minimum feeding amount (25 chickens) is selected as the standard of feeding density, and the average value of the weight at the time of column discharge is 1278g, and the standard weight of the week is 1260 g.
Comparative example 1
The chicks of the group corresponding to the comparative example were picked up and the egg yolk malabsorption chicks were normally reared to 14 days without any treatment, and the average body weight was 114g and the standard body weight was 120g in the week.
Comparative example 2
The chick group corresponding to the comparative example was found to be weak on the fifth day, the chick group was normally raised to 14 days without any treatment, and the average body weight was recorded as 110g, and the standard body weight was recorded as 120g in the week.
Comparative example 3
The chick population corresponding to the comparative example is different from that of example 1 in that the chick population of the group is normal after being fed into a cage, the average body weight is 122g in 14 days, no problem is confirmed in respiratory tract before immunization, the group in the comparative example is judged to have low risk of secondary infection, the group is fed without using antibiotics and the temperature is not increased when the group is subsequently immunized, secondary infection symptoms appear in 3 days after immunization and naturally heal after lasting for about one week, normal feeding is adopted after immunization, the average body weight is 1139g at 14 weeks, and the standard body weight of the week is 1180 g.
Comparative example 4
The chick population corresponding to the comparative example is different from that of example 1 in that the chick population of the group is normal after being fed into a cage, the average weight of 124g in 14 days is found to be obvious respiratory symptoms in about one third of the chick population after respiratory auscultation, the chick population is fed without antibiotics and does not increase the temperature in the subsequent immunization, severe immune side reactions and respiratory problem exacerbation occur in about half of the next day after immunization, then normal feeding is adopted without intervention, the average weight of 946g is recorded in 14 weeks, and the standard weight of 1180g in the week.
Comparative example 5
In this comparative example, chicks whose yolk was poorly absorbed when detected 3 days after the selection of the upper cage were treated in the same manner as in example 1, except that the feeding density was not adjusted at 14 weeks, the specifications of the rearing cage and the trough were similar to those in example 1, the average weight was recorded at 1255g for normal rearing and marketing, and the standard weight was 1260g for the week.
Comparative example 6
In this comparative example, chicks whose yolk was poorly absorbed were detected 3 days after the selection of the upper cages were treated in the same manner as in the example with the difference that the feeding density was not adjusted at 14 weeks, the specifications of the rearing cages and the trough were similar to those in the first example 2, the average value of the body weight was 1221g and the standard body weight was 1260g in the week when they were normally reared and slaughtered.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiments of the present invention, and the comparative ratios are a plurality of sub-populations randomly selected from the same group of chickens, and each sub-population has the same number of cages and is bred at the same time.
TABLE 3 body weight average (not summer) for different week ages of example 1, example 2 and comparative examples 1-4
| Non-summer season | 14 days old (g) | 14 weeks old (g) | Go out of fence (g) |
| Standard body weight | 120 | 1180 | 1260 |
| Example 1 | 125 | 1189 | 1271 |
| Example 2 | 119 | 1187 | 1278 |
| Comparative example 1 | 114 | NA | NA |
| Comparative example 2 | 110 | NA | NA |
| Comparative example 3 | 122 | 1139 | NA |
| Comparative example 4 | 124 | 946 | NA |
| Comparative example 5 | NA | NA | 1255 |
| Comparative example 6 | NA | NA | 1221 |
As can be seen from table 3, the weight of the chickens at each stage was secured in example 1 and example 2, whereas the weights of the chickens at 14 days of age did not reach the standards in case of the problems of yolk absorption and the weak chicks in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, whereas the weights at 14 weeks of age were affected in case of immunization without warming and antibiotic feeding, comparative example 4 could conclude that there is a great risk in case of immunization without respiratory auscultation, and the weights at slaughter were significantly affected in case of no adjustment of the density at 14 weeks from the data of comparative examples 5 and 6.
Example 3
This example is summer rearing
S1) screening the weight of 1 day old chicks, selecting chicks with the weight more than 35g for cage culture, observing the physique of the chicks every day, randomly sampling and inspecting 3 chicks for egg yolk absorption, extracting and inspecting two chicks with poor egg yolk absorption at 4 days, adopting high temperature brooding, wherein the high temperature brooding is to find that the brooding house temperature is improved by 1 degree every day, then the temperature reduction range every day is 0.5 degree till 14 days old, recording the average value of the weight of the chicks at 14 days as 126g, and the standard weight of the week is 120 g;
s2) the chick is subjected to temperature release in 5-9 weeks, the temperature release process gradually realizes the mode that the ventilation volume is determined by the minimum respiratory volume and transits to the mode that the ventilation volume is determined by the 'body sensing temperature', the average value of the weight of the chick at 9 weeks is recorded 936g, and the standard weight of the chick at the week is 720 g.
S3) performing infectious laryngotracheitis immunization on chicks at 9 weeks of age, performing respiratory auscultation every 1 day every 1 week before immunization, confirming no respiratory symptoms, judging that mild secondary infection is likely to occur, feeding the chicks with three ten thousandths of antibiotic mixed feed (doxycycline and tiamulin 1:1), wherein the feeding time is 5 days from the fourth day after immunization in the morning every day, so as to prevent secondary infection and improve the house temperature by 1 degree on the day of inoculation, and recording the average value of the weight of the chicks at 14 weeks as 1188g and the standard weight of the chicks at the week as 1180 g;
s4) adjusting the cultivation density at 14 weeks
The method for calculating the breeding density of the chickens comprises the following steps of 1) determining the optimal breeding amount of a single cage according to a formula A, wherein the length (0.65 m) of a single cage feeding groove/the shoulder width (0.095 m) of each chicken is 7; 2) 10 were projected through 1.2 times the area of a single cage (0.41 square meters)/chicken (0.042 square meters). After the two schemes are checked, the method with the minimum feeding amount is selected as the standard of feeding density, and 7 optimal feeding amounts of single cages are determined. The average weight of the mice in the column was recorded as 1275g, which is 1260g in the week.
Comparative example 7
The comparative example is summer rearing
The difference between the comparative example and the third example is that the mode of determining the ventilation volume by the minimum breathing volume and the mode of determining the ventilation volume by the 'body sensing temperature' is not used in the process of the temperature release of 5-9 weeks, the average value 698g of the weight of the chick at 9 weeks is recorded, and the standard weight of the chick at the week is 720 g.
TABLE 4 mean body weight (summer) for different weeks of example 3 and comparative example 5
| (Summer) | 14 days old (g) | 9 Weekly old (g) | 14 weeks old (g) | Go out of fence (g) |
| Standard body weight | 120 | 720 | 1180 | 1260 |
| Example 3 | 126 | 936 | 1188 | 1275 |
| Comparative example 7 | NA | 698 | NA | NA |
It should be noted that the above example 3 and comparative example 7 are two sub-populations randomly selected from the same group of chicks, and the number of cages of each sub-population is equal and the two sub-populations are cultured simultaneously.
As can be seen from Table 4, the weight of the 9-week-old was insufficient in the summer culture without adjusting the ventilation amount.
In conclusion, according to the egg breeding chicken breeding method provided by the invention, through analyzing the growth and development rule of the chicken flock and searching the stages with the unqualified weight percent of pass in production, weight influence factors in different stages are determined, a reasonable and effective breeding scheme is determined according to the influence factors, and the weight of the chicken flock is improved to the maximum extent.
Based on the egg breeding chicken breeding method provided by the invention, the slaughtering amount of the chickens bred by the inventor in annual brooding is 50 thousands of chickens, the weight week qualification rate of the chickens for 3 years is more than 95%, and the high peak condition of 150 thousands of chickens is ensured.
It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A breeding method of laying hens is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) screening the weight of 1 day old chicks, breeding the chicks with qualified weight in cages, observing the chicks every day in two weeks in the cages, and randomly selecting the chicks to perform a caesarean test to check the egg yolk absorption condition;
s2) the chick is cooled at week 5;
s3) performing infectious laryngotracheitis immunization on the chicks at 8-9 weeks, performing respiratory auscultation before immunization, confirming no respiratory symptoms, feeding antibiotics to prevent secondary infection and increasing the house temperature on the day of inoculation;
s4) adjusting the culture density at 14 weeks;
s5) marketing.
2. The laying hen breeding method according to claim 1, further comprising a step S1-1 of adopting high temperature brooding when the egg yolk malabsorption of the chickens is found and/or the chickens are found weak, wherein the temperature of the high temperature brooding is increased by 0.5-1 degree on the day when the egg yolk malabsorption is found, and the subsequent daily temperature reduction range is 0.5 degree to 14 days old.
3. The laying hen breeding method according to claim 1, further comprising a step S2-1 of determining and adjusting an amount of ventilation according to an outside temperature in summer, determining an amount of ventilation by a minimum amount of respiration when the outside temperature is lower than 24 degrees, and determining an amount of ventilation by a chick feeling a temperature when the outside temperature is higher than 24 degrees.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the respiratory auscultation is performed 1 day every 1 week before immunization in step S3.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the breeding hens in the step S3 is increased by 1-2 degrees.
6. The laying hen breeding method of claim 1, wherein the antibiotics in step S3 are doxycycline and tiamulin.
7. The method for breeding laying hens of claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the breeding density in step S4 is: calculating the breeding density by the formula A and the formula B, and selecting the method with the minimum breeding amount as the standard of the breeding density;
wherein, formula A: the breeding density = length of single cage feeding trough/shoulder width of chicken;
wherein, formula B: breeding density = 1.2 times of the area of a single cage/projected area of a chicken.
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| CN114711191A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-07-08 | 北京市华都峪口禽业有限责任公司 | Method for preventing and controlling mycoplasma virus infection of laying hens |
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