CN113937329A

CN113937329A - Fuel cell unit and fuel cell stack

Info

Publication number: CN113937329A
Application number: CN202111293391.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆濛洲; 张义煌; 蒋利娟; 陈杰; 李刚; 吴楚
Original assignee: Wuxi Weifu High Technology Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wuxi Weifu High Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-03
Filing date: 2021-11-03
Publication date: 2022-01-14

Abstract

The application discloses a fuel cell unit, which comprises at least two first polar plates, wherein a second polar plate is arranged between any two adjacent first polar plates, and a packaging plate is arranged between any one first polar plate and the second polar plate; the first polar plate is provided with a first flow field area, the second polar plate is provided with a second flow field area, and the packaging plate is provided with a mounting hole; the membrane electrode assembly is arranged in the mounting hole; one side of the membrane electrode assembly contacts the first flow field region and the other side contacts the second flow field region. The application also discloses an electric pile which is formed by alternately stacking the first battery unit and the second battery unit, wherein the electric pile comprises at least one first battery unit and at least one second battery unit; because the outer surfaces of the head plate and the tail plate of the battery unit are used for circulating coolant, a relatively sealed cooling channel can be formed between the first battery unit and the second battery unit when the first battery unit and the second battery unit are stacked.

Description

Fuel cell unit and fuel cell stack

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more particularly, to a fuel cell unit and a fuel cell stack.

Background

The fuel cell, as a power generation device for generating electric energy through electrochemical reaction, is not only rapidly developed in the field of energy transportation, but also widely applied in the field of distributed power generation and heating. At present, fuel cells have become the mark of high-efficiency clean energy, and are receiving more attention.

The fuel cell stack is assembled from a plurality of fuel cell units. A fuel cell unit generally includes a Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) and a metal plate, the MEA being between a pair of metal plates; when the fuel cell works, reaction gas flows into the membrane electrode assembly, is catalyzed by the membrane electrode assembly to generate electric energy and generate liquid water.

In the prior art, two metal plates are usually laser welded together to form a bipolar plate, and then a fuel cell stack is assembled by sequentially stacking a group of bipolar plates and a membrane electrode assembly. However, with this process, there are the following problems:

1. the problems of poor welding quality and low yield exist when the bipolar plate is prepared by laser welding;

2. the polar plate is complex in design and high in processing difficulty;

3. when the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode assembly are stacked in sequence, the consistency of the sizes of the galvanic pile before and after compression cannot be ensured, and the performance of the galvanic pile is easily influenced;

4. when the stack is assembled by adopting the welded bipolar plate, the phenomenon that the membrane electrode assembly and the bipolar plate slide relatively exists, and the stack assembling efficiency is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application is directed to overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art and providing a fuel cell unit and a fuel cell stack.

To achieve the above technical object, the present application provides a fuel cell unit including: the first polar plate is provided with a first flow field region; the second polar plate is arranged between any two adjacent first polar plates, and a second flow field region formed by stamping is arranged on the second polar plate; a packaging plate is arranged between any first polar plate and the second polar plate; the packaging plate is provided with a mounting hole for arranging a membrane electrode assembly; one side of the membrane electrode assembly contacts the first flow field region and the other side of the membrane electrode assembly contacts the second flow field region.

Further, the fuel cell unit is provided with: the first inlet is arranged on the first side of the reaction area along the first direction; the first outlet is arranged at the second side of the reaction area along the first direction; the second inlet II is arranged on the second side of the reaction area along the first direction; the second outlet is arranged on the first side of the reaction area along the first direction; the first inlet, the first outlet, the second inlet and the second outlet penetrate through the first polar plate, the second polar plate and the packaging plate along the thickness direction; the reaction region is a region in contact with the membrane electrode assembly when the reaction gas passes through the first flow field region or the second flow field region.

Further, the second plate comprises a surface A and a surface B, wherein the surface A and the surface B are opposite to each other, the surface A is provided with a first second flow field region, the surface B is provided with a second flow field region, and the first second flow field region and the second flow field region are formed by one-time stamping; the packaging plate comprises a surface C and a surface D, wherein the surface C and the surface D are opposite to each other; one of any two adjacent first polar plates is connected with the surface A of the second polar plate through a packaging plate, the surface C of the packaging plate is contacted with the first polar plate, and the surface D of the packaging plate is contacted with the surface A; the other first polar plate is connected with the surface B of the second polar plate through another packaging plate, the surface C of the other packaging plate is contacted with the surface B, and the surface D of the other packaging plate is contacted with the other first polar plate; when the fuel cell unit works, after entering the first inlet, the first reaction gas can enter the first flow field region of the first polar plate through the C surface, or can enter the second flow field region II of the B surface through the C surface; and after entering the second inlet II, the second reaction gas can enter the first second flow field region of the A surface through the D surface, or can enter the first flow field region of the other first polar plate through the D surface.

Furthermore, a first distribution groove is formed in the surface C, and a first inlet and a first outlet which are formed in the packaging plate are respectively communicated with the first distribution groove; the first flow field area or the second flow field area is communicated with the first distribution groove; the first reaction gas can enter the first distribution groove through the first inlet, and enter the first flow field region or the second flow field region through the first distribution groove, wherein a portion of the first reaction gas contacts the membrane electrode assembly and reacts, and another portion of the first reaction gas passes through the first flow field region or the second flow field region and then is discharged from the first outlet.

Furthermore, a second distribution groove is formed in the surface D, and a second inlet and a second outlet which are formed in the packaging plate are respectively communicated with the second distribution groove; the first flow field area of the first flow field area or the other first polar plate is communicated with the second distribution slot; and a second reactant gas can enter the second distribution groove through the second inlet and enter the first flow field region of the first or the other first plate through the second distribution groove, wherein a portion of the second reactant gas contacts the membrane electrode assembly and reacts, and another portion of the second reactant gas passes through the first flow field region of the first or the other first plate and then is discharged from the second outlet.

Further, a first mounting groove is formed in the surface C, and a first inlet, a mounting hole, a first distribution groove and a first outlet which are formed in the surface C are surrounded by the first mounting groove which is used for accommodating bonding agents or welding fluxes; or a second mounting groove is formed in the surface D, and the first inlet, the mounting hole, the second distribution groove and the first outlet which are formed in the surface D are surrounded by the second mounting groove which is used for containing bonding agents or welding fluxes.

Further, the first flow field region and the second flow field region each include a plurality of flow channels for guiding the flow of the reaction gas; any flow channel extends along the first direction, and a plurality of flow channels are arranged at intervals along the second direction; the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction are vertical to each other.

Further, the first flow field region and the second flow field region are staggered along the second direction; in the first flow field region and the second flow field region, a raised ridge is arranged between any two adjacent flow channels and is used for contacting the membrane electrode assembly; the first flow field region and the second flow field region are arranged with a stagger, and the convex ridge in the first flow field region is opposite to the convex ridge in the second flow field region in the thickness direction.

Furthermore, a third inlet and a third outlet are formed in the fuel cell unit; one of the third inlet and the third outlet is arranged at the first side of the reaction area, and the other of the third inlet and the third outlet is arranged at the second side of the reaction area; the first polar plate comprises an E surface and an F surface, the E surface and the F surface are mutually a front surface and a back surface, the E surface is used for contacting the membrane electrode assembly, and the F surface is deviated from the second polar plate; when the fuel cell unit works, after the coolant enters the third inlet, the coolant can enter the F surface and cool the reaction area, and after the coolant flows through the F surface, the coolant is discharged through the third outlet.

The application also provides a fuel cell stack, which is characterized in that the fuel cell stack is formed by alternately stacking a first type cell unit and a second type cell unit, and the stack comprises at least one first type cell unit and at least one second type cell unit; the first type of cell unit is the fuel cell unit; the second battery unit comprises at least two second polar plates and at least one first polar plate, a first polar plate is arranged between any two adjacent second polar plates, and a packaging plate is arranged between any one second polar plate and the first polar plate.

The application provides a fuel cell unit, which comprises at least two first polar plates, wherein a second polar plate is arranged between any two adjacent first polar plates, and a packaging plate is arranged between any one first polar plate and the second polar plate; the first polar plate is provided with a first flow field area, the second polar plate is provided with a second flow field area, and the packaging plate is provided with a mounting hole; the membrane electrode assembly is arranged in the mounting hole; one side of the membrane electrode assembly contacts the first flow field region and the other side contacts the second flow field region. The packaging plate is arranged, so that the membrane electrode assembly and the polar plate can be connected conveniently, the fuel cell unit can be sealed, and the leakage of reaction gas or coolant is avoided. The mounting holes on the packaging plate can limit the position of the membrane electrode assembly, avoid the displacement of the membrane electrode assembly and ensure that the membrane electrode assembly is effectively contacted with the flow field area of the polar plate.

The application also provides an electric pile which is formed by alternately stacking the first battery unit and the second battery unit, wherein the electric pile comprises at least one first battery unit and at least one second battery unit; the first type of cell unit is the above-mentioned fuel cell unit; the second battery unit comprises at least two second polar plates and at least one first polar plate, a first polar plate is arranged between any two adjacent second polar plates, and a packaging plate is arranged between any one second polar plate and the first polar plate. Because the outer surfaces of the head and the tail of the battery unit are used for circulating the coolant, when the first battery unit and the second battery unit are stacked, a relatively sealed cooling channel is formed between the first battery unit and the second battery unit, the problem of overheating of local temperature in the operation process of the galvanic pile can be solved, the cooling capacity in the galvanic pile is improved, and the stability and the reliability of the performance of the fuel battery galvanic pile are ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a fuel cell unit provided in the present application;

fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the fuel cell unit shown in fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the fuel cell unit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the structures of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first plate provided in the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second polar plate provided in the present application;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of O-O in FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a C-side of a package board provided in the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a D-side of a package board provided by the present application;

fig. 10 is a battery cell arranged at the same height in a second direction;

FIG. 11 is a battery cell arranged with a step in a second direction;

fig. 12 is a stack according to the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms than those described herein and that modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application and it is therefore not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

First, a brief description will be given of a structure related to the fuel cell.

A fuel cell stack (hereinafter, simply referred to as "stack") is a main functional portion of the fuel cell that generates electricity, and the stack is formed by stacking and assembling a plurality of cell units. The cell unit includes a plate and a membrane electrode assembly. The polar plate is provided with a reaction gas inlet, a flow field area and a reaction gas outlet, and the flow field area is provided with a flow channel for guiding the flow of the reaction gas. The membrane electrode assembly includes an anode-side gas diffusion layer, a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst layer, and a cathode-side gas diffusion layer.

For fuel cells, the reactant gases include fuel gases (e.g., hydrogen) and oxidant gases (e.g., oxygen, air). Wherein the fuel gas enters from an anode side of the fuel cell and the oxidant gas enters from a cathode side of the fuel cell; the fuel gas emits electrons at the anode end, and the electrons are conducted to the cathode through an external circuit and combined with the oxidant gas to generate ions; under the action of an electric field, ions migrate to the anode end through the electrolyte and react with the fuel gas; this constitutes a loop and generates a current.

In summary, when the fuel cell is in operation, in any cell unit, the fuel gas enters the flow field region of one polar plate from the corresponding inlet on the polar plate and contacts with the gas diffusion layer on the anode side of the membrane electrode assembly; meanwhile, oxidant gas enters the flow field area of the other polar plate from the corresponding inlet on the polar plate and contacts with the cathode side gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode assembly. The membrane electrode assembly simultaneously contacts the fuel gas and the oxidant gas to catalyze the electrochemical reaction of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas to generate liquid water. Liquid water is discharged from the corresponding outlets along with the fuel gas and the oxidant gas that have not participated in the reaction.

The present application provides a fuel cell unit comprising: at least two first plates 100, wherein the first plates 100 are provided with first flow field regions 110; at least one second plate 300, one second plate 300 is disposed between any two adjacent first plates 100, and a second flow field region 310 formed by punching is disposed on the second plate 300; a packaging plate 200, one packaging plate 200 is arranged between any first polar plate 100 and any second polar plate 300; the packaging plate 200 is provided with a mounting hole 201 for arranging a membrane electrode assembly; one side of the membrane electrode assembly contacts the first flow field region 110 and the other side of the membrane electrode assembly contacts the second flow field region 310.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 4, a fuel cell provided by the present application includes two first electrode plates 100, one second electrode plate 300, and two packaging plates 200, and the cell includes a first electrode plate 100a, a packaging plate 200a, a second electrode plate 300, a packaging plate 200b, and a first electrode plate 100b, which are sequentially disposed along a thickness direction of the cell. Meanwhile, a membrane electrode assembly a is disposed in the package plate 200a, and a membrane electrode assembly b is disposed in the package plate 200 b.

The mounting hole 201 penetrates the package board 200 in the thickness direction. Therefore, when the membrane electrode assembly a is disposed in the mounting hole 201, the side thereof having the anode-side gas diffusion layer can be in contact with one of the first and

second electrode plates

100a and 300, and the side thereof having the cathode-side gas diffusion layer can be in contact with the other of the first and

second electrode plates

100a and 300.

Likewise, both sides of the membrane electrode assembly b in the thickness direction can be in contact with the second electrode plate 300 and the first electrode plate 100b, respectively.

The mounting holes 201 can limit the position of the membrane electrode assembly, prevent the membrane electrode assembly from displacing, simplify the mounting process of the membrane electrode assembly, ensure the position of the membrane electrode assembly in the battery unit to be fixed, and maintain the effective contact between the membrane electrode assembly and the electrode plate flow field region (the first flow field region 110 or the second flow field region 310).

Further, the package plate 200 is provided to facilitate connection of both the membrane electrode assembly and the electrode plate (the first electrode plate 100 or the second electrode plate 300) and the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 300. In addition, the package plate 200 can also serve as a sealing member to prevent leakage of reaction gas, liquid water, or coolant, thereby ensuring efficient operation and safety of the fuel cell, as described in detail below.

In the battery unit, the flow field region of the electrode plate is a portion that contacts the membrane electrode assembly and can guide the flow of the reaction gas so that the reaction gas contacts the membrane electrode assembly. In this embodiment, since both first electrode plates 100 have only one side in contact with the membrane electrode assembly, the first flow field region 110 refers to a flow field site formed on the side of the first electrode plate 100 in contact with the membrane electrode assembly. Similarly, since both sides of the second plate 300 are respectively used to contact one membrane electrode assembly, the second plate 300 has a second flow field region 310 on each side (for convenience of description, the second flow field region 310 on one side of the second plate 300 is referred to as a first flow field region 310a, and the second flow field region 310 on the other side is referred to as a second flow field region 310 b).

The flow field region is formed by flow channels through which the reaction gas can flow, and a convex ridge 111 is provided between adjacent two flow channels. In the cell unit, the raised ridges 111 abut against the membrane electrode assembly, and the reaction gas passes between the raised ridges 111 and comes into contact with the membrane electrode assembly.

It should be added that the first plate 100 may be provided with flow channels and raised ridges 111 on its outer surface not intended to contact the membrane electrode assembly to facilitate the formation of the first plate 100 or to direct the flow of coolant, as described in more detail below.

In other embodiments, the fuel cell unit provided by the present application may further include three first electrode plates 100, two second electrode plates 300, and four package plates 200. Alternatively, four first plates 100, three second plates 300, six package plates 200 … …, and so on are included.

It should be noted that, in other embodiments, except for the first electrode plate 100, both surfaces of the first electrode plates 100 are in contact with a membrane electrode assembly, and therefore, the first flow field regions 110 are disposed on both surfaces of the first electrode plates 100.

Alternatively, when the flow channels and the raised ridges 111 are provided on both sides of the first plate 100, the first flow field region 110 on the first plate 100 is formed by stamping. Referring specifically to fig. 2, 4 and 5, the first plate 100 has a structure similar to the second plate 300.

Specifically, when a flow field region is constructed on a plate (either the first plate 100 or the second plate 300) by stamping, a stamping die acts on a first face of the plate to press depressions in the first face and simultaneously extrude ridges on a second face of the plate. At this time, for the first surface of the plate, the depressions are flow channels for guiding the reaction gas to flow through, and the plane between two adjacent depressions is a raised ridge 111; for the second side of the plate, two adjacent ridges are raised ridges 111 that contact the membrane electrode assembly, and a flow channel is formed between two adjacent ridges.

Taking the structure of the second plate 300 as an example, referring to fig. 2, 4, 6 and 7 in particular, the second plate 300 includes a side a and a side B, the side a and the side B are opposite sides of each other, the side a has a first second flow field region 310a, and the side B has a second flow field region 310B. Since the first and second

flow field regions

310a and 310b are two flow field regions formed on both front and back sides by one-time stamping, the structures of the first and second

flow field regions

310a and 310b are staggered. Briefly, in the thickness direction of the second plate 300, the flow channel on the first second flow field region 310a corresponds to the raised ridge 111 on the second flow field region 310b, and the raised ridge 111 on the second flow field region 310a corresponds to the flow channel on the second flow field region 310 b.

In conclusion, the flow field region of the polar plate is constructed by stamping, the operation is simple, and the flow field regions can be formed on two sides of the polar plate. In this case, the electrode plate can be used as a monopolar plate as well as a bipolar plate. In brief, the flow field area of the polar plate is constructed by stamping, the structure of the polar plate can be simplified, and the universality of the polar plate can be improved.

In addition, the fuel cell unit provided by the application at least comprises two fuel gas flow fields, two oxidant gas flow fields and two coolant flow fields, so that the utilization rate of the cell unit is improved. Meanwhile, any battery unit is provided with at least two membrane electrode assemblies, so that the power generation power of the battery unit is greatly improved.

Further, the fuel cell unit is provided with: a first inlet 1 arranged at a first side of the reaction region along a first direction; the first outlet 2 is arranged at the second side of the reaction area along the first direction; the second inlet II 4 is arranged on the second side of the reaction area along the first direction; and a second outlet 5 provided at a first side of the reaction region along the first direction.

Wherein the first inlet 1, the first outlet 2, the second inlet two 4 and the second outlet 5 penetrate the first polar plate 100, the second polar plate 300 and the package plate 200 in the thickness direction. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first inlet 1, a first outlet 2, a second inlet 4 and a second outlet 5 are formed on any one of the first polar plate 100, the second polar plate 300 and the packaging plate 200. After the battery units are assembled, the inlets and outlets on the plates are in one-to-one correspondence and are communicated.

Specifically, the first inlet 1 and the first outlet 2 are used in combination, the first reaction gas can enter the flow field region through the first inlet 1, part of the first reaction gas contacts the membrane electrode assembly to react and generate liquid water under the guidance of the flow field region, and the other part of the first reaction gas, which does not participate in the reaction, is discharged through the first outlet 2.

The second inlet second 4 and the second outlet 5 are used in cooperation, the second reaction gas can enter the flow field region through the second inlet second 4, part of the second reaction gas contacts the membrane electrode assembly through the guidance of the flow field region, the reaction occurs, liquid water is generated, and the other part of the second reaction gas does not participate in the reaction and is discharged through the second outlet 5.

The reaction region is a region where the reaction gas contacts the membrane electrode assembly while passing through the first flow field region 110 or the second flow field region 310. Therefore, for the polar plate, the reaction area is the position of the flow field area, and the matched inlet and outlet are respectively arranged on two sides of the flow field area, so that the flow field area guides the reaction gas to flow from the inlet to the outlet. In the case of the package plate 200, the reaction region is the region where the membrane electrode assembly is located, that is, the position of the mounting block 201, and the matched inlet and outlet ports are respectively disposed at both sides of the mounting block 201, so that the matched flow field region guides the reaction gas to contact the membrane electrode assembly.

It is to be explained that one of the first reactive gas and the second reactive gas is a fuel gas and the other is an oxidant gas. After the first reaction gas and the second reaction gas react, liquid water is generated, and the liquid water flows downwards under the influence of self gravity, so that the outlet is preferably arranged lower than the inlet, and further, at least part of the outlet is lower than the flow field region. By providing the second outlet 5 on the first side of the reaction zone and the first outlet 2 on the second side of the reaction zone, simultaneous low level, mutual interference of the two outlets can be avoided.

Optionally, the fuel cell unit is further provided with a first second inlet 3, the first second inlet 3 penetrates through the entire cell unit along the thickness direction, and the first second inlet 3 is disposed at a third side of the reaction region. The second reactant gas enters the first second inlet 3, then enters the reaction zone through the second inlet 4, and finally is discharged through the second outlet 5.

For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first direction is a left-right direction, the first side refers to a right side of the reaction region, the second side refers to a left side of the reaction region, and in this case, the third side may be an upper side of the reaction region or a lower side of the reaction region.

Alternatively, the third side may be the first side or the second side. The description continues with the orientation shown in fig. 1. In this case, the third side may be the left side of the reaction region or the right side of the reaction region. The first second inlet 3 may be vertically arranged in parallel with the other inlet, or may be arranged on the left side or the right side of the other inlet.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, at least two second inlets one 3 are provided on the fuel cell unit, and the at least two second inlets one 3 are arranged side by side along the first direction. By increasing the number of the first second inlets 3, on the one hand, the flow rate of the second reaction gas can be increased to meet the gas supply needs of the fuel cell reaction; on the other hand, the second reaction gas can be guided to flow through the respective positions of the battery cells, thereby making full use of the respective structures.

Further, the second outlet hole 5 is communicated with the second inlet hole one 3 through a pipeline. The water discharged through the second outlet 5 can act on the second inlet one 3 through a pipeline, so that the second reaction gas is humidified, and the inside of the electric pile is humidified.

First, the structure of the package board 200 will be explained.

To introduce the reaction gas into the reaction region, in one embodiment, the package plate 200 includes a C-side and a D-side, which are opposite to each other.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the battery cell includes two first electrode plates 100 in the illustrated embodiment. One of the first plates 100a is connected to the a-side of the second plate 300 through one of the package plates 200 a. At this time, the C surface of the sealing plate 200a contacts the first electrode plate 100a, and the D surface of the sealing plate 200a contacts the a surface.

With continued reference to fig. 1-4, another first plate 100B is connected to side B of a second plate 300 by another package plate 200B; at this time, the C-face of the encapsulation plate 200B contacts the B-face, and the D-face of the encapsulation plate 200B contacts the other first electrode plate 100B.

When the fuel cell unit is operated, a first reactant gas flows from one side to the other side in the thickness direction of the cell unit after entering the first inlet 1, contacts the encapsulation plate 200a, and can enter the first flow field region 110 of the first electrode plate 100a through the C-plane of the encapsulation plate 200 a; alternatively, the first reactive gas contacts encapsulation plate 200B and can enter second flow field region two 310B on the B-side of second plate 300 through C-side of encapsulation plate 200B.

Similarly, after the second reactant gas enters the second inlet second 4, it flows from side to side in the thickness direction of the battery cell, and the second reactant gas contacts the encapsulation plate 200A and can enter the second flow field region 310A of the a surface of the second electrode plate 300 through the D surface of the encapsulation plate 200A, or the second reactant gas contacts the encapsulation plate 200b and can enter the first flow field region 110 of the first electrode plate 100b through the D surface of the encapsulation plate 200 b.

The same is true in other embodiments. By providing the package plates 200 with the C-plane and the D-plane having different structures, when any two adjacent first electrode plates 100 and one second electrode plate 300 are constructed by two package plates 200, one side of any membrane electrode assembly is in contact with the first reaction gas and the other side is in contact with the second reaction gas.

In short, the package board 200 has functions of current guiding and limiting. Specifically, the C-plane of the encapsulation plate 200 communicates the first inlet 1 with the flow field region of one plate (the plate is in direct contact with the C-plane), so that the first reaction gas entering from the first inlet 1 can enter the encapsulation plate 200 and enter the flow field region by being guided by the C-plane. The flow field region further directs the flow of the first reactant gas toward the membrane electrode assembly and the first outlet 2. Meanwhile, the second reaction gas cannot enter the surface C because the surface C is not communicated with the second inlet 4.

Similarly, the D-plane of the packaging plate 200 is communicated with the second inlet 4 and the flow field region of another electrode plate (the electrode plate is in direct contact with the D-plane), and the second reactant gas can enter the packaging plate 200 and enter the flow field region through the guidance of the D-plane. Meanwhile, since the D-plane is not communicated with the first inlet 1, the first reaction gas cannot enter the D-plane.

In summary, the C-side of any package board 200 can be exposed to the first reactive gas, and the D-side can be exposed to the second reactive gas. It can be seen that the membrane electrode assembly is disposed in the package plate 200, and one side of the membrane electrode assembly is disposed on the C-plane and the other side is disposed on the D-plane, so that both sides of the membrane electrode respectively contact the first reaction gas and the second reaction gas, thereby catalyzing the fuel gas and the oxidant gas.

To achieve the entrance of the first reactant gas into the C-plane and through the guidance of the C-plane into the flow field region. In one embodiment, the surface C is provided with a first distribution groove 211, and a first inlet 1 and a first outlet 2 which are arranged on the packaging plate 200 are respectively communicated with the first distribution groove 211; first flow field region 110 in contact with the C-plane, or second flow field region 310 in contact with the C-plane, also communicates with first distribution groove 211.

The first distribution groove 211 is a groove formed on the C-plane, and when the C-plane contacts the first electrode plate 100 or the second electrode plate 300, the first distribution groove 211 allows a gap to exist between the C-plane and the electrode plate (the first electrode plate 100 or the second electrode plate 300). Since the first distribution grooves 211 communicate with the first inlet 1, the first reaction gas can enter the first distribution grooves 211 while passing through the first inlet 1. Since the first distribution groove 211 is communicated with the flow field region of the plate, the first reactant gas can enter the flow field region after entering the first distribution groove 211. The flow channels of the flow field region direct the flow of the first reactant gas toward the mea and toward the first outlet 2.

Wherein the first inlet 1, the mounting hole 201, and the first outlet 2 on the C-plane may be disposed in the same first distribution groove 211. At this time, the flow field region of the plate in contact with the C-plane can protrude into the first distribution groove 211 and abut against the membrane electrode assembly.

Alternatively, at least two first distribution grooves 211 are formed on the C-plane, and the first inlet 1 and the first outlet 2 are respectively formed in one first distribution groove 211. At this time, one end of the flow field region of the plate contacting the C-plane is connected to the first distribution chamber 211 where the first inlet 1 is located, and the other end is connected to the first distribution chamber 211 where the first outlet 2 is located, while the middle portion of the flow field region also passes through the position where the membrane electrode assembly is located.

The above-mentioned manner can realize the guide of the first reaction gas by the C surface.

Since the second inlet 4 and the second outlet 5 do not communicate with the first distribution chamber 211, the second reactant gas cannot enter the C-plane, and the first reactant gas does not interfere with the second reactant gas.

The design of the D surface is similar to that of the C surface.

Specifically, in one embodiment, the surface D is provided with a second distribution groove 221, and the second inlet 4 and the second outlet 5 of the package plate 200 are respectively communicated with the second distribution groove 221. First flow field region 110 in contact with plane D, or second flow field region 310 in contact with plane D, also communicates with second distribution slot 221.

The second reactant gas can enter the second distribution groove 221 through the second inlet second 4, and enter the flow field region of the plate contacting the D-face through the second distribution groove 221, and is guided by the flow channels in the flow field region, and flows toward the membrane electrode assembly and the second outlet 5.

In summary, the distribution grooves (the first distribution groove 211 or the second distribution groove 221) are formed on the C-surface and/or the D-surface of the sealing plate 200, and the distribution grooves are connected to the necessary and associated inlets and outlets, so that the reaction gas can be introduced into the reaction region.

In other embodiments, the battery unit includes a first communication structure for communicating the first inlet 1 on the packaging plate 200 with the flow field region of the electrode plate in contact with the C surface of the packaging plate 200, and also communicating the flow field region with the first outlet 2 on the packaging plate 200. Thereby, the first reaction gas can enter the flow field region of the plate attached to the C-plane through the first communication structure, and then the first reaction gas not participating in the reaction can flow from the flow field region into the first outlet 2 through the first communication structure.

Or, the battery unit includes a second communication structure, which communicates the second inlet two 4 on the packaging plate 200 with the flow field region of the polar plate attached to the D surface of the packaging plate 200, and also communicates the flow field region with the second outlet 5 on the packaging plate 200. Thus, the second reactant gas can enter the flow field region of the plate attached to the D-face through the second communication mechanism, and then the second reactant gas not participating in the reaction can flow into the second outlet 5 from the flow field region through the second communication mechanism.

In order to better seal and connect the package plate 200 and the pole plate, in one embodiment, a first mounting groove 212 is disposed on the surface C, and the first inlet 1, the mounting hole 201, the first distribution groove 211, and the first outlet 2 disposed on the surface C are surrounded by the first mounting groove 212, and the first mounting groove 212 is used for accommodating an adhesive or solder.

When the adhesive is placed in the first mounting groove 212, the pole plate and the package plate 200 can be adhered by the adhesive. When solder is placed in the first mounting groove 212, the solder can be dissolved by hot melting or other methods, and then the polar plate and the packaging plate 200 are welded by solidifying the solder.

The first mounting groove 212 is provided to prevent a component such as adhesive or solder for connecting the electrode plate and the package board 200 from overflowing.

To facilitate understanding of the design of the first mounting groove 212, the first mounting groove 212 is shown in fig. 8 by being blackened.

It can be known that the polar plate is provided with an inlet and an outlet for the first reaction gas, an inlet and an outlet for the second reaction gas and an inlet and an outlet for the coolant, and the peripheries of the inlets and the outlets are required to be sealed, so that the reaction gases are prevented from being well dried, and the gas or liquid is prevented from leaking outwards. Therefore, the C-face is provided with more than one turn of the first mounting groove 212.

Referring to fig. 1 and 8, the first inlet hole 1, the first distribution groove 211, the mounting hole 201, and the first outlet hole 2 together form a movement space of the first reactant gas on the C-plane. In order to ensure the normal circulation of the first reaction gas in the movement space, the first inlet hole 1, the first distribution groove 211, the mounting hole 201, and the first outlet hole 2 are enclosed in a circle of the first mounting groove 212. Meanwhile, since the ring of the first mounting groove 212 excludes the second reaction gas inlet/outlet (the second inlet second 4 and the second outlet 5) and the coolant inlet/outlet (the third inlet 6 and the third outlet 7), not only can the outflow of the first reaction gas be avoided, but also the inflow of the second reaction gas, the coolant, and the like can be avoided.

Further, with reference to fig. 8, in the plane C, the second inlet 4 and the second outlet 5 are respectively surrounded by another circle of the first mounting groove 212, and the third inlet 6 and the third outlet 7 are also respectively surrounded by another circle of the first mounting groove 212. These first mounting grooves 212 can seal other ports in a targeted manner, ensure that the C-plane is used only for guiding the first reaction gas to flow through, and prevent the second reaction gas and the coolant from leaking from the ports. In addition, the stability of the connection between the package board 200 and the pole plate can be improved by providing the first mounting grooves 212 at a plurality of positions.

Optionally, a second mounting groove 222 is provided on the D-surface, and the first inlet 1, the mounting hole 201, the second distribution groove 221 and the first outlet 2 provided on the D-surface are surrounded by the second mounting groove 222, and the second mounting groove 222 is used for accommodating an adhesive or solder.

Referring specifically to fig. 9, the second mounting groove 222 is shown in fig. 9 by being painted black. The second mounting groove 222 is similar to the first mounting groove 212 in structure and design, and can be used for connecting the packaging board 200 with the polar plate by accommodating an adhesive or a solder, and can be used for sealing other inlets and reaction areas of the packaging board.

Optionally, on the surface C, two sets of flow guiding portions 213 are disposed in the first distribution groove 211, wherein one set of flow guiding portions 213 is disposed between the first inlet hole 1 and the mounting hole 201, and wherein the other set of flow guiding portions 213 is disposed between the first outlet hole 2 and the mounting hole 201. The guide part 213 serves to guide the first reaction gas to uniformly flow toward the mounting hole 201 or to guide the first reaction gas to efficiently flow out from the first outlet hole 2.

After setting up water conservancy diversion portion 213, first reactant gas gets into first distribution groove 211 from first hand-hole 1, when flowing in first distribution groove 211, gaseous contact entry group water conservancy diversion portion 213 (locate water conservancy diversion portion 213 between first hand-hole 1 and mounting hole 201), receive the hindrance of entry group water conservancy diversion portion 213, shunt along the side of water conservancy diversion portion 213, therefore, entry group water conservancy diversion portion 213 can guide first reactant gas and outwards stretch, so that first reactant gas evenly circulates, thereby improve membrane electrode assembly's utilization ratio, and then improve battery unit's generated power. After entering the first distribution groove 211 where the first outlet 2 is located through the flow field region, the gas that does not participate in the reaction is guided by the outlet group guide 213 (the guide 213 disposed between the first outlet 2 and the mounting hole 201) and gradually converges toward the first outlet 2, so that the gas that does not participate in the reaction is efficiently discharged.

Optionally, on the surface C, two sets of supporting portions 214 are disposed in the first distribution groove 211, wherein one set of supporting portions 214 is connected to the outlet end of the first inlet hole 1, and the other set of supporting portions 214 is connected to the inlet end of the first outlet hole 2.

The supporting portion 214 is used for reinforcing the first outlet hole 2 and the first inlet hole 1, and prevents the inlet and outlet of the reaction gas from being deformed due to external extrusion, thereby preventing the pressure drop of the inlet and outlet of the reaction gas from increasing and ensuring the stable performance of the battery unit.

Optionally, two second distribution grooves 221 are disposed on the D-surface, respectively disposed at two sides of the reflection area, and respectively communicated with the second inlet 4 and the second outlet 5. The second distribution groove 221 is provided with an acting portion 223 for guiding the reaction gas to uniformly flow from the second inlet second 4 to the second distribution groove 221, or guiding the reaction gas to flow from the second distribution groove 221 to the second outlet 5.

Specifically, the acting portion 223 includes a plurality of acting ridges, and any of the acting ridges includes: a first ridge segment 223a extending from the mounting hole 201 toward the second inlet hole 4 or the second outlet hole 5, wherein the extending direction of the first ridge segment 223a intersects with the first direction; and a second ridge segment 223b connecting the second inlet hole 4 and the first ridge segment 223a, or connecting the second outlet hole 5 and the first ridge segment 223a, wherein the second ridge segment 223b extends along the first direction.

At this time, the first ridge segment 223a is similar to the flow guide portion 213 and the second ridge segment 223b is similar to the support portion 214, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

Optionally, the package board 200 is provided with two second inlet holes two 4, the two second inlet holes two 4 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and on the surface D, the two second inlet holes two 4 are communicated through the first circulation groove 223 a. And/or, the sealing plate 200 is provided with two second outlet holes 5, the two second outlet holes 5 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and on the surface D, the two second outlet holes 5 are communicated through the second circulation groove 223 b. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

Increase the quantity of reaction gas entry, on the one hand, can increase reaction gas's circulation, on the other hand for two or a plurality of reaction gas entry set up along the second direction interval, are favorable to guaranteeing reaction gas even circulation in the second direction.

Correspondingly, the number of the reaction gas outlets is increased, which is beneficial to ensuring that the reaction gas which does not participate in the reaction is discharged efficiently.

In an embodiment, the package plate 200 is provided with a first inlet hole 1, a first outlet hole 2, two second inlet holes 4 and two second outlet holes 5. Since the supply amount of the oxidant gas is greater than the supply amount of the fuel gas during the reaction of the fuel cell, the first inlet hole 1 and the first outlet hole 2 are fitted for the circulation of the fuel gas, and the second inlet hole 4 and the second outlet hole 5 are fitted for the circulation of the oxidant gas. The inlet and outlet of the oxidant gas are more than the inlet and outlet of the fuel gas, so that the stable circulation of the reaction gas is ensured, and the use safety of the equipment is improved.

In addition, the first circulation groove 223a can ensure that the reaction gas uniformly enters the two second inlet holes two 4, so that the reaction gas can be ensured to perform electrochemical reaction better, and the power generation performance of the battery unit is improved. The second circulation groove 223b can discharge liquid water generated by reaction and gas not participating in the reaction rapidly, so that the stability and reliability of the work of the battery unit are ensured, and the phenomenon that the liquid water is retained near the second outlet hole 5 and the battery performance is influenced by the flooding phenomenon is avoided.

Optionally, the D surface is further provided with: a first protruding ridge 224 extending in a first direction and provided outside the mounting hole 201 in a second direction; and a second protrusion ridge 225 extending in the first direction and provided at the other side of the mounting hole 201 with respect to the first protrusion ridge 224.

The first and second

convex ridges

224 and 225 can reinforce both sides of the mounting hole 201 in the second direction, thereby improving the rigidity of the mounting hole 201. Meanwhile, the first and second protruding

ridges

224 and 225 can also support the matching electrode plates, prevent the electrode plates from being pressed and deformed in the process of stacking the battery units and assembling the electric stack, damage the structure of the battery units and influence the performance of the electric stack.

Optionally, the package board 200 is provided with an inspection portion 230.

Wherein, the inspection portion 230 may be integrally formed with the package board 200. At this time, the inspection unit 230 is a part of the package board 200. Referring to fig. 8 or 9, in the illustrated embodiment, the inspection portion 230 is a portion protruding outward from one side of the package board 200.

The plate is provided with a voltage inspection area 140 (see below), and after the battery unit is assembled, the inspection part 230 of the packaging plate 200 is opposite to and in contact with the voltage inspection area 140 of the plate. When the reaction gas flows and generates a current, the current flows through the electrode plate. The voltage inspection area 140 is connected with an external detection device, and can detect parameters such as current and voltage on the polar plate, and further confirm the reaction condition of the fuel cell. The inspection part 230 can separate the voltage inspection regions 140 of the adjacent two plates in the battery cell, thereby preventing a short circuit.

Optionally, the package board 200 is provided with a positioning hole 240.

The plate is also provided with a positioning hole 130 (see below), and after the battery unit is assembled, the positioning hole 130 of the plate is opposite to and communicated with the positioning hole 240 of the packaging plate 200. By aligning the two, the relative position of the polar plate and the packaging plate 200 can be calibrated, thereby ensuring the structure accuracy of the cell unit, ensuring the consistency of the galvanic pile and improving the yield of the fuel cell preparation.

After the battery unit or the electric pile is assembled, the assembled battery unit or the electric pile can be shaped through the positioning hole.

Optionally, the package board 200 is made of a non-metal insulating material.

Specifically, the package board 200 may be made of a non-metallic insulating material such as PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), silicone resin, or fluorine resin. Under the material, the arrangement of the packaging plate 200 can not interfere the reaction of the fuel cell, can also ensure the sealing of the inlet and the outlet through the characteristic that the packaging plate has certain flexibility, can also improve the flexibility of the cell unit in the process of assembling the galvanic pile, and avoids the fracture of the polar plate and the membrane resistance component.

Next, the structure of the electrode plate will be described.

In one embodiment, first flow field region 110 and second flow field region 310 each include a plurality of flow channels for directing the flow of reactant gases; any flow channel extends along the first direction, and a plurality of flow channels are arranged at intervals along the second direction; the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction are vertical to each other.

The first direction may be regarded as a length direction of the flow field region 120, and the second direction may be regarded as a width direction of the flow field region 120.

By arranging the flow channel to extend along a straight line, on one hand, the structure of the flow field area can be simplified, and the polar plate can be conveniently formed; on the other hand, the straight-line extending flow channels are more favorable for the flow of the reaction gas without affecting the contact area of the reaction gas and the membrane electrode.

It can be seen that the reaction gas inlet and outlet, such as the first inlet 1 and the first outlet 2, or the second inlet 4 and the second outlet 5, which are used in combination are disposed opposite to each other along the first direction, so that the flow channel extends linearly along the first direction, and the reaction gas can be efficiently guided to flow from the inlet to the outlet.

Optionally, in a second direction, the first flow field region 110 is staggered from the second flow field region 310; the first flow field region 110 and the second flow field region 310 have a convex ridge 111 between any two adjacent flow channels for contacting the membrane electrode assembly; when the first flow field region 110 is disposed staggered from the second flow field region 310, the raised ridge 111 in the first flow field region 110 is opposite to the raised ridge 111 in the second flow field region 310.

For ease of understanding and explanation of the "stagger setting", first, referring to fig. 10, a case where the first flow field region 110 and the second flow field region 310 are arranged at the same height in the second direction is illustrated. In the drawing, a membrane electrode assembly M is sandwiched between a first plate 100A and a second plate 300A. The first plate 100A for contacting the first flow field region 110 of the membrane electrode assembly M and the second plate 300A for contacting the second flow field region 310 of the membrane electrode assembly M each include a raised ridge 111 against the membrane electrode assembly M and a flow channel recessed with respect to the raised ridge 111. In the thickness direction, the raised ridge 111 on the first flow field region 110 faces the flow channel on the second flow field region 310, and the raised ridge 111 on the second flow field region 310 faces the flow channel on the first flow field region 110. With this structure, when one side in the thickness direction of the membrane electrode assembly contacts the projecting ridge 111, the opposite side contacts the flow channel. At this time, the fuel cell stack is compressed along the thickness direction, once the polar plate is stressed, the raised ridge 111 thereof presses the membrane electrode assembly, and because the two sides of the membrane electrode assembly in the thickness direction are stressed unevenly, the raised ridge 111 may press the membrane electrode assembly into the opposite flow channel, thereby damaging the membrane electrode assembly and affecting the normal use of the stack.

Referring specifically to fig. 11, a case is illustrated where the first and second

flow field regions

110 and 310 are arranged staggered along the second direction. In the figure, a membrane electrode assembly N is sandwiched between a first plate 100B and a second plate 300B. The convex ridge 111 on the first plate 100B is opposed to at least a part of the convex ridge 111 on the second plate 300B in the thickness direction. With this structure, when one side of the membrane electrode assembly in the thickness direction contacts the protruding ridge 111, the opposite side also contacts the protruding ridge 111. At this time, the fuel cell stack is compressed in the thickness direction, and both sides of the membrane electrode assembly in the thickness direction are pressed by the convex ridges 111, so that both ends of the membrane electrode assembly are stressed in a balanced manner, and the cell unit is not easily deformed.

In summary, the first and second

flow field regions

110 and 310 are arranged in the second direction in a staggered manner, so that the flow field region of one plate is lower than the flow field region of the other plate in the second direction, and the structure of the battery cell can be stabilized.

Alternatively, in the battery cell, when the first and second

flow field regions

110 and 310 are disposed divergently in the second direction, the convex ridge 111 in any one of the first flow field regions 110 is aligned with the convex ridge 111 in one of the second flow field regions 310 in the thickness direction.

Optionally, the plate (the first plate 100 or the second plate 300) is further provided with a positioning hole 130.

In the process of preparing the polar plate by using the stamping process, the positioning hole 130 can be used for calibrating the position of each polar plate to be stamped, so that the positions of an upstream field region and each inlet and outlet of any polar plate are relatively consistent, the dimensional precision of the polar plate is ensured, and the yield of polar plate preparation is improved.

When assembling a cell unit or an electric stack, the positioning hole 130 can also be used for calibrating whether the positions of two adjacent polar plates or the positions of the adjacent polar plates and the packaging plate 200 are consistent, so that the consistency of the electric stack is ensured, and the yield of fuel cell preparation is improved.

After the assembly of the cell unit or the stack is completed, a positioning member (e.g., a positioning pin) can be inserted into the positioning hole 130, so as to shape the assembled fuel cell stack.

Optionally, a voltage inspection area 140 is further disposed on the plate.

Wherein, the voltage inspection area 140 can be integrally formed with the pole plate. At this time, the voltage inspection region 140 is a portion of the pad. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the illustrated embodiment, the voltage routing inspection area 140 is a portion of one side of the plate that protrudes outward. When the fuel cell is operated, current flows on the plates. The external detection equipment is connected with the voltage inspection area 140, so that parameters such as current and voltage on the polar plate can be detected, and the reaction condition of the fuel cell can be further confirmed.

In other embodiments, the voltage routing inspection area 140 may be other conductive structures capable of connecting external detection equipment and a pad. The voltage routing inspection area 140 conducts current, which can facilitate the operator to monitor the reaction of the fuel cell.

During the fuel cell reaction, a large amount of heat is generated. If the fuel cell works in a high-temperature environment for a long time, the reaction speed and the service life are influenced. In order to cool the fuel cell, in one embodiment, a third inlet 6 and a third outlet 7 are further formed on the fuel cell unit; the third inlet 6 and the third outlet 7 penetrate the entire battery cell in the thickness direction, and one of the third inlet 6 and the third outlet 7 is provided at the first side of the reaction region and the other of the third inlet 6 and the third outlet 7 is provided at the second side of the reaction region. The coolant can enter the battery cell through the third inlet 6 and can be discharged through the third outlet 7.

The coolant may be cooling liquid or cooling gas. For example, the coolant may be deionized water or a glycol solution.

It is known that if the coolant and the reactant gases simultaneously pass through the flow field region of the plate and contact the mea, the coolant affects the flow rate and flow rate of the reactant gases and also interferes with the normal reaction of the fuel cell.

To this end, the first electrode plate 100 includes an E-side and an F-side, the E-side and the F-side being opposite to each other, the E-side being for contacting the membrane electrode assembly, and the F-side being away from the second electrode plate 300; when the fuel cell unit works, after entering the third inlet 6, the coolant can enter the F surface to cool the reaction area, and after flowing through the F surface, the coolant is discharged through the third outlet 7.

Continuing with the embodiment shown in fig. 3 and 4, the left side of the first plate 100a is F-plane and the right side is E-plane, while the left side of the first plate 100b is E-plane and the right side is F-plane. That is, the coolant acts on the left side of the first electrode plate 100a and the right side of the first electrode plate 100b when cooling the battery cell, and the coolant cools the battery cell from the outer surface, thereby preventing the coolant from interfering with the reaction gas.

It is easily understood that, when one battery cell includes three or more first electrode plates 100, although each first electrode plate 100 has an E-face and an F-face, the first electrode plate 100 disposed between two second electrode plates 300 serves as a bipolar plate, and the E-face and the F-face thereof serve as reactant gases. Therefore, for each battery cell, the coolant acts only on the outer surfaces of the first electrode plates 100 at the head and the tail, regardless of how many first electrode plates 100 there are.

Alternatively, when the first plate 100 is formed into the first flow field region 110 by stamping, the F-face of the first plate 100 also has a convex ridge 111 and a concave. At this time, the recess forms a cooling passage through which a coolant flows. Since these cooling channels are located opposite to the first flow field region 110 on the E-plane, the coolant can directly act on the reaction region, thereby performing an efficient temperature reduction operation.

To achieve the connection of the encapsulating plate 200 with the pole plate, in one embodiment, the encapsulating plate 200 is adhered to the pole plate by an adhesive.

In one embodiment, the membrane electrode assembly includes a combined portion 11 and a cathode-side gas diffusion layer 12. Wherein the combined portion 11 is a membrane electrode assembly that does not include a cathode-side gas diffusion layer. The combined portion 11 includes a proton exchange membrane of cathode and anode catalysts and an anode-side gas diffusion layer. When the membrane electrode assembly is attached to the package plate 200, the anode-side gas diffusion layer of the combining part 11 is disposed on the C-face, and the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 12 is disposed on the D-face.

Firstly, placing the prepared combined part 11 in a mounting hole 201 on the C surface of the packaging board 200; then, glue is filled in the first mounting groove 212 through glue dispensing equipment, and after sealing glue is filled in the first mounting groove 212, the C surface is attached to one first polar plate 100; after a period of pressing and curing, the C-side is glued to the first plate 100. Next, the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 12 is placed in the mounting hole 201 of the D-face of the same package board 200, and the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 12 is connected to the combined portion 11; finally, the second mounting groove 222 is filled with glue through glue dispensing equipment, and after the second mounting groove 222 is filled with sealing glue, the surface D is attached to the surface A of the second pole plate 300; after a period of pressing and curing, the D surface and the A surface are adhered together. Another package plate 200 and the membrane electrode assembly are arranged in the above-described manner such that the C-side of the package plate 200 is bonded to the B-side of the second electrode plate 300. The D-side of the packaging sheet 200 is bonded … … with another first plate 100 and so on in the manner described above to form a battery cell.

In another embodiment, package board 200 is attached to the plates by welding.

In one embodiment, first, the prepared assembly 11 is placed in the mounting hole 201 of the C-side of the package board 200; then, putting the solder into the first mounting groove 212, so that the C surface is attached to one first polar plate 100, melting the solder, and bonding the C surface and the first polar plate 100 by using the solder; after the solder solidifies, the C-plane and the first plate 100 are joined together. Next, the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 12 is placed in the mounting hole 201 of the D-face of the same package board 200, and the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 12 is connected to the combined portion 11; finally, solder is placed in the second mounting groove 222, so that the surface D is attached to the surface a of the second plate 300; melting the solder, and bonding the surface D and the surface A by using the solder; after the solder solidifies, the D-side and a-side join … … and so on to form a cell.

The packaging plate 200 and the polar plate are connected by adopting the two modes, so that the membrane electrode assembly cannot be damaged, the battery unit can be efficiently sealed, and the stability and the functionality of the battery unit are improved.

Optionally, the package plate 200 is attached to the membrane electrode assembly by an adhesive.

In a specific embodiment, glue may be coated in the mounting hole 201 of the C-surface, and then the combined portion 11 is placed in the mounting hole 201, so as to connect the combined portion 11 and the C-surface. When the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 12 is provided, glue is applied to the other side of the combined part 11 or the back surface of the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 12, and the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 12 is put into the mounting hole 201 of the D-surface and the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 12 is connected to the combined part 11.

The application also provides an electric pile which is formed by alternately stacking the first type battery unit and the second type battery unit, and the electric pile comprises at least one first type battery unit and at least one second type battery unit.

The first type of battery unit is the fuel battery unit described above, and includes at least two first electrode plates 100 and at least one second electrode plate 300, one second electrode plate 300 is disposed between any two adjacent first electrode plates 100, and one packaging plate 200 is disposed between any one first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 300.

The second type of battery unit includes at least two second electrode plates 300 and at least one first electrode plate 100, one first electrode plate 100 is disposed between any two adjacent second electrode plates 300, and one packaging plate 200 is disposed between any one second electrode plate 300 and the first electrode plate 100.

Briefly, the second type of battery cell is different from the first type of battery cell in that the first and last plates of the first type of battery cell are necessarily the first plates 100, and the first and last plates of the second type of battery cell are necessarily the second plates 300.

As can be seen from the above, the outer surfaces of the head and tail plates of the battery cell are used for circulating coolant. When the first battery unit and the second battery unit are stacked, a relatively sealed cooling channel c is formed between the first battery unit and the second battery unit, so that the problem of local temperature overheating in the operation process of the galvanic pile is solved, the cooling capacity in the galvanic pile is improved, and the stability and reliability of the performance of the fuel battery galvanic pile are ensured.

Further, referring to fig. 3 and 12, the first flow field region 110 of the first plate 100 is disposed to be staggered from the second flow field region 310 of the second plate 300 in the second direction. In this way, when the first-type battery unit and the second-type battery unit are stacked, the two battery units are connected by the first plate 100 contacting the second plate 300, and since the first flow field region 110 where the first plate 100 contacts the second plate 300 and the second flow field region 310 where the second plate 300 contacts the first plate 100 are arranged differently, the raised ridge 111 in the first flow field region 110 directly contacts the raised ridge 111 in the second flow field region 310, and the flow channel in the first flow field region 110 directly faces the flow channel in the second flow field region 310, the damage to the structure of the battery units when the dot stack is compressed in the thickness direction is avoided.

The first type battery unit and the second type battery unit are alternately stacked, so that the assembly efficiency of the electric pile can be improved.

According to the needs of actual use occasions, different numbers of battery units can be freely stacked to form fuel cell stacks with different power modules, so that the application occasions and the application range of the fuel cells are widened, and the fuel cell technology is favorably popularized in a commercialized mode.

The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above examples only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell unit, characterized by comprising:

at least two first polar plates (100), wherein a first flow field region (110) is arranged on each first polar plate (100);

at least one second polar plate (300), wherein one second polar plate (300) is arranged between any two adjacent first polar plates (100), and a second flow field region (310) formed by punching is arranged on each second polar plate (300);

the packaging plate (200), one packaging plate (200) is arranged between any first polar plate (100) and the second polar plate (300);

the packaging plate (200) is provided with a mounting hole (201) for arranging a membrane electrode assembly;

one side of the membrane electrode assembly contacts the first flow field region (110) and the other side of the membrane electrode assembly contacts the second flow field region (310).

2. The fuel cell unit according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell unit is provided with:

a first inlet (1) arranged along a first direction at a first side of the reaction zone;

a first outlet (2) arranged along the first direction at a second side of the reaction zone;

a second inlet (4) arranged at a second side of the reaction area along the first direction;

a second outlet (5) arranged along the first direction at a first side of the reaction zone;

the first inlet (1), the first outlet (2), the second inlet (4) and the second outlet (5) penetrate through the first polar plate (100), the second polar plate (300) and the packaging plate (200) along the thickness direction;

the reaction region is a region in contact with the membrane electrode assembly when a reaction gas passes through the first flow field region (110) or the second flow field region (310).

3. The fuel cell unit according to claim 2, wherein the second plate (300) includes an a-side and a B-side, the a-side and the B-side being opposite to each other, the a-side having a first second flow field region (310 a) thereon, the B-side having a second flow field region second (310B) thereon, the first second flow field region (310 a) and the second flow field region second (310B) being formed by one-time stamping;

the packaging plate (200) comprises a surface C and a surface D, wherein the surface C and the surface D are positive and negative;

one of any two adjacent first polar plates (100) is connected with the A surface of the second polar plate (300) through one packaging plate (200), the C surface of the packaging plate (200) is contacted with the first polar plate (100 a), and the D surface of the packaging plate (200) is contacted with the A surface;

wherein the other first polar plate (100) is connected with the B surface of the second polar plate (300) through the other packaging plate (200), the C surface of the other packaging plate (200) is contacted with the B surface, and the D surface of the other packaging plate (200) is contacted with the other first polar plate (100);

when the fuel cell unit is in operation, after a first reactant gas enters the first inlet (1), the first flow field region (110) of the first electrode plate (100) can be accessed through the C surface, or the second flow field region (310B) of the B surface can be accessed through the C surface;

a second reactant gas can enter the second flow field region one (310 a) of the a-plane through the D-plane after entering the second inlet two (4), or can enter the first flow field region (110) of another first plate (100) through the D-plane.

4. A fuel cell unit according to claim 3, wherein a first distribution groove (211) is provided on the C-face, and the first inlet (1) and the first outlet (2) provided on the package plate (200) communicate with the first distribution groove (211), respectively;

the first flow field region (110) or the second flow field region (310 b) is in communication with the first distribution groove (211);

the first reaction gas can enter the first distribution groove (211) through the first inlet (1) and enter the first flow field region (110) or the second flow field region (310 b) through the first distribution groove (211), wherein a portion of the first reaction gas contacts a membrane electrode assembly and reacts, and another portion of the first reaction gas passes through the first flow field region (110) or the second flow field region (310 b) and then is discharged from the first outlet (2).

5. A fuel cell unit according to claim 3, characterized in that a second distribution groove (221) is provided on the D-face, and the second inlet two (4) and the second outlet (5) provided on the package plate (200) communicate with the second distribution groove (221), respectively;

the first flow field zone (110) of the first plate (100) or of the other first flow field zone (310 a) is in communication with the second distribution slot (221);

the second reaction gas can enter the second distribution groove (221) through the second inlet (4) and enter the second flow field region (310 a) or the first flow field region (110) of the other first electrode plate (100) through the second distribution groove (221), wherein a portion of the second reaction gas contacts the membrane electrode assembly and reacts, and another portion of the second reaction gas passes through the second flow field region (310 a) or the first flow field region (110) of the other first electrode plate (100) and then is discharged from the second outlet (5).

6. The fuel cell unit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a first mounting groove (212) is provided on the C-face, the first inlet (1), the mounting hole (201), the first distribution groove (211), and the first outlet (2) provided on the C-face are surrounded by the first mounting groove (212), and the first mounting groove (212) is used for accommodating an adhesive or solder;

or, a second mounting groove (222) is arranged on the surface D, the first inlet (1), the mounting hole (201), the second distribution groove (221) and the first outlet (2) which are arranged on the surface D are surrounded by the second mounting groove (222), and the second mounting groove (222) is used for accommodating bonding agent or welding flux.

7. A fuel cell unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the first flow field region (110) and the second flow field region (310) each comprise a plurality of flow channels for guiding a flow of a reaction gas;

any one of the flow channels extends along the first direction, and the plurality of flow channels are arranged at intervals along the second direction;

the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction are perpendicular to each other.

8. A fuel cell unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the second direction, the first flow field region (110) and the second flow field region (310) are arranged staggered;

in the first flow field region (110) and the second flow field region (310), any two adjacent flow channels have a raised ridge (111) therebetween for contacting the membrane electrode assembly;

the convex ridge (111) in the first flow field region (110) is opposite to the convex ridge (111) in the second flow field region (310) in the thickness direction when the first flow field region (110) and the second flow field region (310) are arranged with a disparity.

9. A fuel cell unit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fuel cell unit is further provided with a third inlet (6) and a third outlet (7);

one of the third inlet (6) and the third outlet (7) is provided at a first side of the reaction zone and the other of the third inlet (6) and the third outlet (7) is provided at a second side of the reaction zone;

the first polar plate (100) comprises an E surface and an F surface, the E surface and the F surface are mutually front and back surfaces, the E surface is used for contacting the membrane electrode assembly, and the F surface is deviated from the second polar plate (300);

when the fuel cell unit works, after entering the third inlet (6), a coolant can enter the F surface and cool the reaction area, and after flowing through the F surface, the coolant is discharged through the third outlet (7).

10. A fuel cell stack, characterized in that, it is formed by alternately stacking a first kind of cell unit and a second kind of cell unit, the stack includes at least one first kind of cell unit and at least one second kind of cell unit;

the first type of cell unit is a fuel cell unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9;

the second type battery unit comprises at least two second polar plates (300) and at least one first polar plate (100), a first polar plate (100) is arranged between any two adjacent second polar plates (300), and one packaging plate (200) is arranged between any one second polar plate (300) and the first polar plate (100).