CN113933185A - Device and method for detecting impact crushing characteristic of particle material - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting impact crushing characteristic of particle material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000012773 agricultural material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0284—Bulk material, e.g. powders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting the impact crushing characteristic of a granular material. The device makes up the vacancy of the current equipment, related test devices are few in the current research on the impact crushing characteristics of agricultural materials, so that the particle impact analysis and the particle size distribution rule cannot be tested, the device has the characteristic of automation, the whole test process is controlled by a single chip microcomputer, when a tester conducts the test, only particles need to be filled into a particle box, the test efficiency is effectively improved, meanwhile, the device not only can complete the particle impact crushing test, but also is provided with a high-speed projector and a camera, the high-speed projector and the camera are used for collecting the critical crushing speed of the particles and the particle size distribution rule of the crushed particles, and the research efficiency on the particle crushing characteristics is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a device and a method for detecting the impact crushing characteristic of a granular material.
Background
With the rapid development of mechanization and automation of national agriculture and feed industry, mechanical devices such as cultivation equipment, harvesting equipment, conveying equipment and crushing equipment are continuously optimized, wherein reduction or increase of particle crushing is one of key problems related to all the equipment, so that research on impact crushing characteristics of agricultural particle materials is very important, but the current design of devices for detecting the particle impact crushing characteristics is few.
The conventional device has the following disadvantages: the design of the device that the broken characteristic detected is strikeed to the granule at present is very few, and test equipment degree of automation on the present market is low, can not independently accomplish whole test procedure, and it is relatively poor to detect the precision, and test efficiency is low, and whole functional is not good simultaneously, can not realize the collision detection and the particle size distribution rule test of granule in step for detection effect to the granule is relatively poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for detecting the impact crushing characteristic of a granular material, and aims to solve the problem.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a device for detecting the impact crushing characteristic of a granular material and a test method thereof comprise a fixed support assembled on a working platform, wherein an air supply conveying mechanism is installed on one side of the fixed support in a locking manner, a detection sampling mechanism is assembled on the other side of the fixed support, and a control system which is in contact with the air supply conveying mechanism and the detection sampling mechanism is assembled on the fixed support;
the air supply conveying mechanism comprises a nitrogen tank, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, an electromagnetic valve, an air pipe connector, a seamless steel pipe and a particle feeding unit, the nitrogen tank is assembled on one side of the fixed support, the first connecting pipe is communicated with the output end of the nitrogen tank, the second connecting pipe is communicated with the first connecting pipe, the electromagnetic valve is installed at the joint of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, the air pipe connector is installed at the tail of the second connecting pipe, the seamless steel pipe is installed at the top of the fixed support, the second connecting pipe is hermetically connected with the seamless steel pipe through the air pipe connector, and the particle feeding unit is installed on the fixed support and communicated with the inside of the seamless steel pipe;
granule material loading unit includes that the top is equipped with open-ended granule case, seeding wheel, pipeline, No. two pipelines and ball valve, the granule case passes through the support mounting in fixed bolster top one side, the seeding wheel rotates through external power source and installs in the granule incasement, pipeline intercommunication is in granule bottom of the case portion, No. two pipelines wear to establish in seamless steel pipe top one side, pipeline junction are installed at pipeline, No. two pipeline junctions to the ball valve.
In a preferred embodiment, a shielding plate is arranged on one side of the top of the particle box, and the bottom of the particle box is designed to be inclined close to the first conveying pipeline.
In a preferred embodiment, the seeding wheel is evenly provided with a plurality of groups of reserved grooves, one side of the inner wall of the particle box is provided with a baffle, and the baffle is correspondingly attached to the reserved grooves.
In a preferred embodiment, the detection sampling mechanism comprises a collision box, a collision plate, a high-speed projector, an exhaust funnel and a particle size detection unit, wherein the collision box is installed on one side of a fixed support in a locking manner, the collision plate is installed inside the collision box in a vertical locking manner, the high-speed projector is installed on one side of the collision box through the support in a locking manner, the output end of the high-speed projector faces the inside of the collision box, the exhaust funnel is arranged on one side of the top end of the collision box in a penetrating manner, and the particle size detection unit is installed on the fixed support and is located at the bottom of the collision box.
In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the crash box is smoothed, and the bottom of the crash box is in an inclined downward structure.
In a preferred embodiment, the collision box is rotatably provided with a sealing bottom plate through a hinge, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on one side of the bottom of the collision box, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected with the lower surface of the sealing bottom plate through a hinge.
In a preferred embodiment, the particle size detection unit comprises an electric conveyer belt, a black box with openings on two sides, an annular light source, a camera and a collection box, the electric conveyer belt is mounted on a fixed support through a support and located below the collision box, the black box is arranged on the electric conveyer belt in a spanning mode, the annular light source is mounted at the top end in the black box in a locking mode, the camera is mounted in the black box and is matched with the annular light source, and the collection box is mounted at the tail portion of the electric conveyer belt.
In a preferred embodiment, the collection box is provided with an opening at the top, and the collection box is distributed corresponding to the electric conveyor belt.
In a preferred embodiment, the control system comprises a single chip microcomputer, the input end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with an infrared sensor and a sound wave sensor through wireless data, the output end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with the high-speed projector and the camera through wireless data, meanwhile, the output end of the single chip microcomputer is communicated with the sowing wheel, the ball valve, the hydraulic cylinder, the electromagnetic valve and the electric conveying belt through wireless data, the infrared sensor is assembled on a first conveying pipeline, the infrared sensor is communicated with the electromagnetic valve and the ball valve correspondingly, the sound wave sensor is installed on one side of the upper surface of the electric conveying belt, and the sound wave sensor is communicated with the camera and the annular light source correspondingly.
A test method of an impact crushing characteristic detection device of agricultural material particles specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that firstly, agricultural material particles are placed in a particle box, an air supply conveying mechanism is arranged, an external power source drives a seeding wheel to rotate to enable the particles to enter a first connecting pipe, in the process, an infrared sensor sends an instruction to a single chip microcomputer after detecting that the particles pass through, the rotation of the seeding wheel is stopped, a ball valve is opened to enable the particles to fall into a seamless steel pipe along a second connecting pipe, and the single-time feeding work of the particles is achieved;
step 2: after the appointed delay time, the electromagnetic valve is opened, high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen tank is conveyed to the seamless steel tube through the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline, the integral feeding work is completed, and the efficient implementation of the subsequent collision process is protected;
and step 3: through the arrangement of the detection sampling mechanism, particles in the seamless steel pipe reach the collision box after acceleration, the particles are crushed after being impacted with the collision plate, the process is shot by a high-speed projector, the critical speed of particle crushing can be analyzed, workers can conveniently and visually acquire collision information, high-pressure gas in the collision box is discharged through the exhaust funnel, efficient and continuous operation of overall detection work is guaranteed, after the crushing is finished, the sealing bottom plate is driven to move and turn by the electric control hydraulic cylinder, so that the bottom of the collision box is in an open state, and the particles after collision and crushing can be conveniently subjected to open transmission;
and 4, step 4: after the crushing is finished, the electric control hydraulic cylinder drives the sealing bottom plate to move and turn over, so that the bottom of the collision box is in an open state, and the particles crushed by collision can be conveniently transferred in an open manner;
and 5: under the cooperation of particle size detecting element, after the collision test was accomplished, single chip microcomputer control hydraulic pressure thick stick motion and then control the sealed bottom plate of collision bottom of the case portion and open, the granule after the breakage falls on the electric conveyor and carries, when broken granule material passes through the sound wave sensor at electric conveyor, single chip microcomputer control annular light source and camera time delay start, gather the image of broken granule, confirm the particle size distribution law after follow-up image analysis, at last the granule is carried to the collection box, accomplish experimental circulation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the air supply conveying mechanism is arranged, the seeding wheel rotates to enable particles to enter the first connecting pipe, in the process, the infrared sensor sends an instruction to the single chip microcomputer after detecting that the particles pass, the rotation of the seeding wheel is stopped, the ball valve is opened to enable the particles to fall into the seamless steel pipe along the second connecting pipe, the single feeding work of the particles is realized, after the appointed delay time, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen tank is conveyed into the seamless steel pipe through the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline, the integral feeding work is completed, and the efficient proceeding of the subsequent collision process is protected;
2. according to the invention, the detection sampling mechanism is arranged, particles in the seamless steel pipe reach the collision box after being accelerated, the particles are crushed after being impacted with the collision plate, the process is shot by the high-speed projector, the critical speed of particle crushing can be analyzed, the high-efficiency continuous operation of the whole detection work is ensured, and after the crushing is finished, the electric control hydraulic cylinder drives the sealing bottom plate to move and turn over, so that the bottom of the collision box is in an open state, and the particles crushed by collision can be conveniently transferred in an open manner;
3. according to the invention, under the coordination of the particle size detection unit, the single chip microcomputer controls the hydraulic rod to move so as to control the opening of the sealing bottom plate at the bottom of the collision box, the crushed particles fall on the electric conveying belt to be conveyed, when the crushed particle materials pass through the sound wave sensor on the electric conveying belt, the single chip microcomputer controls the annular light source and the camera to be started in a delayed mode, images of the crushed particles are collected, the particle size distribution rule is determined after subsequent image analysis, and finally the particles are conveyed into the collection box to finish the test cycle.
Finally, the device makes up the vacancy of the current equipment, and in the current research on the impact crushing characteristics of agricultural materials, related test devices are few, so that the particle impact analysis and the particle size distribution rule cannot be tested.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall front view of an impact crushing characteristic detecting apparatus and a testing method for a particulate material;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a seamless steel pipe and a collision box of the impact crushing characteristic detection device and the test method for the granular materials;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inside of a crash box of the apparatus and the method for testing the impact crushing characteristics of a particulate material;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a particle feeding unit structure of an impact crushing characteristic detecting apparatus and a testing method for a particulate material;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of a high-speed projector and a collision box in an impact crushing characteristic detection apparatus and a test method for a particulate material;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the distribution of collision plates in a collision cell in the apparatus for testing the impact crushing characteristics of granular materials and the method for testing the same;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a detecting and sampling mechanism of an impact crushing characteristic detecting device and a testing method for granular materials;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the point A in FIG. 4 showing an apparatus for measuring the impact crushing characteristics of a particulate material and a method for testing the same;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a control system of an impact crushing characteristic detection device and a test method for a granular material.
In the figure: 1. fixing a bracket; 2. a nitrogen tank; 3. a first connecting pipe; 4. a second connecting pipe; 5. an electromagnetic valve; 6. a gas pipe joint; 7. seamless steel pipes; 8. a particle box; 9. a sowing wheel; 10. a first conveying pipeline; 11. a second conveying pipeline; 12. a ball valve; 13. reserving a groove; 14. a baffle plate; 15. a crash box; 16. a collision plate; 17. a high-speed projector; 18. an exhaust funnel; 19. sealing the bottom plate; 20. a hydraulic cylinder; 21. an electric conveyor belt; 22. a black box; 23. an annular light source; 24. a camera; 25. a collection box; 26. a single chip microcomputer; 27. an infrared sensor; 28. an acoustic wave sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-9, the present invention provides a technical solution: a detection device and a test method for impact crushing characteristics of granular materials comprise a fixed support 1 assembled on a working platform, wherein an air supply conveying mechanism is installed on one side of the fixed support 1 in a locking mode, a detection sampling mechanism is installed on the other side of the fixed support 1, and a control system which is in contact with the air supply conveying mechanism and the detection sampling mechanism is installed on the fixed support 1;
the air supply conveying mechanism comprises a nitrogen tank 2, a first connecting pipe 3, a second connecting pipe 4, an electromagnetic valve 5, an air pipe joint 6, a seamless steel pipe 7 and a particle feeding unit, wherein the nitrogen tank 2 is assembled at one side of a fixed support 1, the first connecting pipe 3 is communicated with the output end of the nitrogen tank 2, the second connecting pipe 4 is communicated with the first connecting pipe 3, the electromagnetic valve 5 is installed at the joint of the first connecting pipe 3 and the second connecting pipe 4, the air pipe joint 6 is installed at the tail part of the second connecting pipe 4, the seamless steel pipe 7 is installed at the top of the fixed support 1, the second connecting pipe 4 is hermetically connected with the seamless steel pipe 7 through the air pipe joint 6, the particle feeding unit is installed on the fixed support 1 and communicated with the interior of the seamless steel pipe 7, a seeding wheel 9 rotates to enable particles to enter the first connecting pipe 3, and in the process, after the infrared sensor 27 detects the particles, an instruction is sent to the single chip microcomputer 26, stopping the rotation of the sowing wheel 9 and opening the ball valve 12 to enable the particles to fall into the seamless steel tube 7 along the second connecting tube 4, so that the single feeding work of the particles is realized, after a specified delay time, the electromagnetic valve 5 is opened, and the high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen tank 2 is conveyed into the seamless steel tube 7 through the first conveying pipeline 10 and the second conveying pipeline 11, so that the whole feeding work is completed;
granule material loading unit includes that the top is equipped with open-ended granule case 8, seeding wheel 9, pipeline 10, No. two pipeline 11 and ball valve 12, granule case 8 passes through the support mounting in 1 top one side of fixed bolster, seeding wheel 9 rotates through external power source and installs in granule case 8, pipeline 10 intercommunication is in granule case 8 bottom, pipeline 11 wears to establish in 7 top one sides of seamless steel pipe No. two, ball valve 12 is installed at pipeline 10, No. two pipeline 11 junctions.
Referring to fig. 4, a shielding plate is arranged on one side of the top of the particle box 8, and the bottom of the particle box 8 is designed to be inclined near the first conveying pipe 10.
Referring to the attached drawings 4 and 8, a plurality of groups of reserved grooves 13 are uniformly formed in the sowing wheel 9, a baffle 14 is installed on one side of the inner wall of the particle box 8, and the baffle 14 is correspondingly attached to the reserved grooves 13.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 7, the detecting and sampling mechanism comprises a collision box 15, a collision plate 16, a high-speed projector 17, an exhaust funnel 18 and a particle size detecting unit, wherein the collision box 15 is installed on one side of a fixed support 1 in a locking manner, the collision plate 16 is installed inside the collision box 15 in a vertical locking manner, the high-speed projector 17 is installed on one side of the collision box 15 through the support in a locking manner, the output end of the high-speed projector 17 faces the inside of the collision box 15, the exhaust funnel 18 penetrates through one side of the top end of the collision box 15, the particle size detecting unit is installed on the fixed support 1 and is positioned at the bottom of the collision box 15, particles are crushed after being collided with the collision plate 16, and the process is shot by the high-speed projector 17, so that the critical speed for particle crushing can be analyzed, and the high-efficiency continuous operation of the whole detecting work is ensured.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the inner wall of the crash box 15 is smoothed, and the bottom of the crash box 15 is inclined downward.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the collision box 15 is rotatably provided with a sealing bottom plate 19 through a hinge, a hydraulic cylinder 20 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the collision box 15, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is movably connected with the lower surface of the sealing bottom plate 19 through a hinge.
Referring to fig. 7, the particle size detection unit includes an electric conveyor belt 21, a black box 22 with openings on two sides, an annular light source 23, a camera 24 and a collection box 25, the electric conveyor belt 21 is mounted on the fixed support 1 through a support and located below the collision box 15, the black box 22 is arranged on the electric conveyor belt 21 in a crossing manner, the annular light source 23 is mounted at the top end in the black box 22 in a locking manner, the camera 24 is mounted in the black box 22 and mounted in a matching manner with the annular light source 23, the collection box 25 is mounted at the tail of the electric conveyor belt 21, when the crushed particle materials pass through the acoustic wave sensor 28 on the electric conveyor belt 21, the single chip microcomputer 26 controls the annular light source 23 and the camera 24 to be started in a delayed manner, images of the crushed particles are collected, a particle size distribution rule is determined after subsequent image analysis, and finally the particles are conveyed to the collection box 25, so as to complete a test cycle.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the collection box 25 is provided with an opening at the top, and the collection box 25 is distributed corresponding to the electric conveyor belt 21.
Referring to fig. 9, the control system includes a single chip microcomputer 26, an input end of the single chip microcomputer 26 is connected with an infrared sensor 27 and a sound wave sensor 28 through wireless data, an output end of the single chip microcomputer 26 is connected with the high-speed projector 17 and the camera 24 through wireless data, an output end of the single chip microcomputer 26 is communicated with the sowing wheel 9, the ball valve 12, the hydraulic cylinder 20, the electromagnetic valve 5 and the electric conveyer belt 21 through wireless data, the infrared sensor 27 is assembled on the first conveyer pipe 10, the infrared sensor 27 is communicated with the electromagnetic valve 5 and the ball valve 12 correspondingly, the sound wave sensor 28 is installed on one side of the upper surface of the electric conveyer belt 21, and the sound wave sensor 28 is communicated with the camera 24 and the annular light source 23 correspondingly.
A test method of an impact crushing characteristic detection device of agricultural material particles specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, agricultural material particles are loaded into a particle box 8, an air supply conveying mechanism is arranged, an external power source drives a seeding wheel 9 to rotate to enable the particles to enter a first connecting pipe 3, in the process, after the infrared sensor 27 detects that the particles pass through, an instruction is sent to a single chip microcomputer 26, the rotation of the seeding wheel 9 is stopped, a ball valve 12 is started to enable the particles to fall into a seamless steel pipe 7 along a second connecting pipe 4, and the single-time feeding work of the particles is realized;
step 2: after the appointed delay time, the electromagnetic valve 5 is opened, the high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen tank 2 is conveyed to the seamless steel tube 7 through the first conveying pipeline 10 and the second conveying pipeline 11, the integral feeding work is completed, and the efficient proceeding of the subsequent collision process is protected;
and step 3: through the arrangement of the detection sampling mechanism, particles in the seamless steel tube 7 reach the collision box 15 after acceleration, the particles are crushed after being collided with the collision plate 16, the process is shot by the high-speed projector 17 and can be used for analyzing the critical speed of particle crushing, workers can conveniently and visually acquire collision information, high-pressure gas in the collision box 15 is discharged through the exhaust funnel 18, the efficient and continuous operation of the whole detection work is ensured, and after the crushing is finished, the electric control hydraulic cylinder 20 drives the sealing bottom plate 19 to move and turn over, so that the bottom of the collision box 15 is in an open state, and the particles after collision and crushing are conveniently subjected to open transfer;
and 4, step 4: after the crushing is finished, the electric control hydraulic cylinder 20 drives the sealing bottom plate 19 to move and turn over, so that the bottom of the collision box 15 is in an open state, and the crushed particles are conveniently opened and transferred;
and 5: under the cooperation of the particle size detection unit, after the collision test is completed, the single chip microcomputer 26 controls the hydraulic lever to move so as to control the sealing bottom plate 19 at the bottom of the collision box 15 to be opened, the crushed particles fall on the electric conveyor belt 21 to be conveyed, when the crushed particle materials pass through the sound wave sensor 28 on the electric conveyor belt 21, the single chip microcomputer 26 controls the annular light source 23 and the camera 24 to be started in a delayed mode, images of the crushed particles are collected, the particle size distribution rule is determined after subsequent image analysis, and finally the particles are conveyed into the collection box 25 to complete the test cycle.
The working principle is as follows: when in use, firstly, agricultural material particles are loaded into the particle box 8, an air supply conveying mechanism is arranged, an external power source drives the seeding wheel 9 to rotate to enable the particles to enter the first connecting pipe 3, in the process, after the infrared sensor 27 detects that the particles pass through, an instruction is sent to the single chip microcomputer 26, the rotation of the seeding wheel 9 is stopped, the ball valve 12 is opened to enable the particles to fall into the seamless steel pipe 7 along the second connecting pipe 4, the single feeding work of the particles is realized, a plurality of groups of reserved grooves 13 are uniformly formed in the seeding wheel 9, the feeding precision of the single particles is ensured through the blocking of the baffle plate 14, the situation of feeding deviation is avoided, after the appointed delay time, the electromagnetic valve 5 is opened, the high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen tank 2 is conveyed into the seamless steel pipe 7 through the first conveying pipeline 10 and the second conveying pipeline 11, the whole feeding work is completed, the follow-up collision process is protected to be carried out efficiently, the detection sampling mechanism is arranged, particles arrive in the collision box 15 after being accelerated in the seamless steel pipe 7, the particles are crushed after being collided with the collision plate 16, the process is shot by the high-speed projector 17 and can be used for analyzing the critical speed of particle crushing, a worker can conveniently and visually acquire collision information, high-pressure gas in the collision box 15 is exhausted through the exhaust funnel 18, the efficient and continuous whole detection work is ensured, after the crushing is finished, the electric control hydraulic cylinder 20 drives the sealing bottom plate 19 to move and turn over, the bottom of the collision box 15 is in an open state, the crushed particles are conveniently subjected to open transmission, and under the coordination of the particle size detection unit, after the collision test is finished, the hydraulic rod is controlled by the single chip microcomputer 26 to move so as to control the sealing bottom plate 19 at the bottom of the collision box 15 to be opened, the crushed particles fall on the electric conveyor belt 21 for conveying, when the broken particle materials pass through the sound wave sensor 28 on the electric conveyor belt 21, the single chip microcomputer 26 controls the annular light source 23 and the camera 24 to be started in a delayed mode, images of the broken particles are collected, the particle size distribution rule is determined after subsequent image analysis, and finally the particles are conveyed into the collection box 25 to complete the test cycle.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The device for detecting the impact crushing characteristic of the agricultural material particles is characterized by comprising a fixed support (1) assembled on a working platform, wherein an air supply conveying mechanism is installed on one side of the fixed support (1) in a locking mode, a detection sampling mechanism is assembled on the other side of the fixed support (1), and a control system which is in contact with the air supply conveying mechanism and the detection sampling mechanism is assembled on the fixed support (1);
the gas supply conveying mechanism comprises a nitrogen tank (2), a first connecting pipe (3), a second connecting pipe (4), an electromagnetic valve (5), a gas pipe joint (6), a seamless steel pipe (7) and a particle feeding unit, the nitrogen tank (2) is assembled at one side of the fixed support (1), the first connecting pipe (3) is communicated with the output end of the nitrogen tank (2), the second connecting pipe (4) is communicated with the first connecting pipe (3), the electromagnetic valve (5) is arranged at the joint of the first connecting pipe (3) and the second connecting pipe (4), the air pipe joint (6) is arranged at the tail part of the second connecting pipe (4), the seamless steel pipe (7) is arranged at the top part of the fixed bracket (1), and the second connecting pipe (4) is hermetically connected with a seamless steel pipe (7) through a gas pipe joint (6), the particle feeding unit is arranged on the fixed support (1) and communicated with the inside of the seamless steel pipe (7);
granule feeding unit includes that the top is equipped with open-ended granule case (8), seeding wheel (9), pipeline (10), No. two pipeline (11) and ball valve (12), granule case (8) are passed through the support mounting and are in fixed bolster (1) top one side, seeding wheel (9) are rotated through external power source and are installed in granule case (8), pipeline (10) intercommunication is in granule case (8) bottom, pipeline (11) are worn to establish in seamless steel pipe (7) top one side No. two, ball valve (12) are installed in pipeline (10), pipeline (11) junction No. two.
2. The apparatus for detecting impact breakage characteristics of agricultural material granules according to claim 1, wherein: a shielding plate is arranged on one side of the top of the particle box (8), and the bottom of the particle box (8) is designed to be inclined near the first conveying pipeline (10).
3. The apparatus for detecting impact breakage characteristics of agricultural material granules according to claim 1, wherein: the seeding wheel (9) is evenly provided with a plurality of groups of reserved grooves (13), a baffle (14) is installed on one side of the inner wall of the particle box (8), and the baffle (14) is correspondingly attached to the reserved grooves (13).
4. The apparatus for detecting impact breakage characteristics of agricultural material granules according to claim 1, wherein: detect sampling mechanism and include collision case (15), collision board (16), high-speed projector (17), aiutage (18) and particle size detection unit, collision case (15) closure is installed in one side on fixed bolster (1), collision board (16) perpendicular closure is installed inside collision case (15), high-speed projector (17) is installed in collision case (15) one side through the support closure, and in high-speed projector (17) output orientation collision case (15), aiutage (18) are worn to establish in collision case (15) top one side, particle size detection unit installs on fixed bolster (1) and is located collision case (15) bottom.
5. The apparatus for detecting impact breakage characteristics of agricultural material granules according to claim 4, wherein: the inner wall of the collision box (15) is subjected to smoothing treatment, and the bottom of the collision box (15) is of an inclined downward structure.
6. The apparatus for detecting impact breakage characteristics of agricultural material granules according to claim 4, wherein: collision case (15) are installed sealing plate (19) through the hinge rotation, collision case (15) bottom one side is installed pneumatic cylinder (20), and pneumatic cylinder (20) output passes through hinge and sealing plate (19) lower surface swing joint.
7. The apparatus for detecting impact breakage characteristics of agricultural material granules according to claim 4, wherein: the particle size detection unit comprises an electric conveying belt (21), a black box (22) with openings at two sides, an annular light source (23), a camera (24) and a collection box (25), the electric conveying belt (21) is installed on a fixed support (1) through a support and located below a collision box (15), the black box (22) is arranged on the electric conveying belt (21) in a crossing mode, the annular light source (23) is installed at the top end in the black box (22) in a locking mode, the camera (24) is installed in the black box (22) and installed in a mode of being matched with the annular light source (23), and the collection box (25) is installed at the tail portion of the electric conveying belt (21).
8. The apparatus for detecting impact breakage characteristics of agricultural material granules according to claim 7, wherein: the top of the collecting box (25) is provided with an opening, and the collecting box (25) and the electric conveying belt (21) are distributed correspondingly.
9. The apparatus for detecting impact breakage characteristics of agricultural material granules according to claim 1, wherein: the control system comprises a single chip microcomputer (26), the input end of the single chip microcomputer (26) is connected with an infrared sensor (27) and a sound wave sensor (28) through wireless data, the output end of the single chip microcomputer (26) is connected with a high-speed projector (17) and a camera (24) through wireless data, meanwhile, the output end of the single chip microcomputer (26) is communicated with a sowing wheel (9), a ball valve (12), a hydraulic cylinder (20), an electromagnetic valve (5) and an electric conveying belt (21) through wireless data, the infrared sensor (27) is assembled on a conveying pipeline (10), the infrared sensor (27) is communicated with the electromagnetic valve (5) and the ball valve (12) correspondingly, the sound wave sensor (28) is installed on one side of the upper surface of the electric conveying belt (21), and the sound wave sensor (28) is communicated with the camera (24) and an annular light source (23) correspondingly.
10. The method for testing an apparatus for testing impact breakage characteristics of agricultural material granules according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps that agricultural material particles are filled into a particle box (8), an air supply conveying mechanism is arranged, an external power source drives a seeding wheel (9) to rotate to enable the particles to enter a first connecting pipe (3), in the process, after the infrared sensor (27) detects that the particles pass through, an instruction is sent to a single chip microcomputer (26), the rotation of the seeding wheel (9) is stopped, a ball valve (12) is started to enable the particles to fall into a seamless steel pipe (7) along a second connecting pipe (4), and single feeding work of the particles is achieved;
step 2: after the appointed delay time, the electromagnetic valve (5) is opened, high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen tank (2) is conveyed to the seamless steel tube (7) through the first conveying pipeline (10) and the second conveying pipeline (11), the integral feeding work is completed, and the efficient proceeding of the subsequent collision process is protected;
and step 3: through being equipped with and detecting the sampling mechanism, the granule arrives in collision case (15) after accelerating in seamless steel pipe (7), the granule is broken after striking with collision board (16), this process is shot by high-speed projector (17), can be used to the broken critical speed of analysis granule, make things convenient for the audio-visual collision information that obtains of staff, high-pressure gas in collision case (15) is discharged through aiutage (18) simultaneously, the high-efficient continuous going on of having guaranteed whole detection work, after the breakage is accomplished, automatically controlled pneumatic cylinder (20), drive sealed bottom plate (19) to move and overturn, make collision case (15) bottom be open state, conveniently bump the granule after smashing and carry out open transmission;
and 4, step 4: after the crushing is finished, the electric control hydraulic cylinder (20) drives the sealing bottom plate (19) to move and turn over, so that the bottom of the collision box (15) is in an open state, and the particles crushed by collision can be conveniently transferred in an open manner;
and 5: under the cooperation of particle size detecting element, after the collision test is accomplished, singlechip (26) control hydraulic pressure thick stick motion and then control sealed bottom plate (19) of collision box (15) bottom and open, the granule after the breakage falls on electronic conveyer belt (21) and carries, when broken granule material passes through acoustic sensor (28) at electronic conveyer belt (21), singlechip (26) control annular light source (23) and camera (24) time delay start, gather the image of broken granule, confirm the particle size distribution rule after follow-up image analysis, the granule is carried to collecting box (25) in at last, accomplish the test cycle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111350534.3A CN113933185A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Device and method for detecting impact crushing characteristic of particle material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113390735A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-14 | 东北农业大学 | Prediction method for grain breakage probability under single impact load |
| CN115683959A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-02-03 | 北京信息科技大学 | Biomass power generation fuel particle size identification system and method based on collision sound characteristics |
-
2021
- 2021-11-15 CN CN202111350534.3A patent/CN113933185A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113390735A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-14 | 东北农业大学 | Prediction method for grain breakage probability under single impact load |
| CN115683959A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-02-03 | 北京信息科技大学 | Biomass power generation fuel particle size identification system and method based on collision sound characteristics |
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