CN113931613B - Downhole pushing, positioning and centering system and method for deep drilling - Google Patents
Downhole pushing, positioning and centering system and method for deep drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN113931613B CN113931613B CN202111150138.6A CN202111150138A CN113931613B CN 113931613 B CN113931613 B CN 113931613B CN 202111150138 A CN202111150138 A CN 202111150138A CN 113931613 B CN113931613 B CN 113931613B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a downhole pushing, positioning and centering system and a downhole pushing, positioning and centering method for deep drilling, comprising an upward pushing, positioning and centering device and a downward pushing, positioning and centering device, wherein the upward pushing, positioning and centering device and the downward pushing, positioning and centering device are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of a central axis of a downhole detection device in the vertical direction, the constituent units of the upward pushing, the positioning and centering device and the downward pushing are reversely configured, a driving unit arranged on the downward pushing, the positioning and centering device and the downward pushing are remotely controlled by a control system in 3000 meters of the well to simultaneously provide reverse thrust, so that the pushing, positioning and centering structures arranged on the downward pushing, the positioning and centering device are singly and synchronously unfolded to form a fulcrum, the downhole detection device is fixed and centered in a well hole, and automatic pushing, accurate positioning and intelligent centering operations are realized. The two reverse output moments in the sampling stage are offset, so that stable posture of the underground detection equipment in the sampling process is ensured, the underground detection equipment is simple in structure, is made of metal materials, is high in intelligent degree, can be reused, reduces production cost, and improves the geotechnical parameter measurement efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical field measurement equipment, and particularly relates to a downhole pushing, positioning and centering system and method for deep drilling.
Background
The local wall stress relief method is a novel stress relief method, and by relieving a sufficient number of cores at the well wall of a well, the far-field stress can be obtained by back calculation by recording the positive strain changes in different directions in the process. When the related core is sampled in the well, the related test equipment is required to be put into the well, and the sampling is carried out after the sampling section is fixed. In order to avoid shaking during sampling of the test equipment in the well and to provide counter force for the equipment in the stress relief process, a fixed supporting device is required to be provided, and the equipment is fixed on the well wall after reaching the designated position.
The patent CN108547613a provides a device for measuring three-dimensional ground stress of a deep rock mass according to a local wall stress relief method, in order to realize the fixation of equipment in a test hole section, an upper packer and a lower packer are adopted, and the equipment is supported on a well wall in a pressurizing expansion mode. Although the patent realizes the fixation of the adoption stage of the equipment, the patent has some defects in practical use: (1) Because the open hole well wall is very rough and has a plurality of sharp protrusions, even if the length of the packer is increased, the success rate of setting is still low, so that the test equipment is unevenly stressed and cannot be positioned in the well and centered to keep the posture balance, and the subsequent sampling work is influenced; (2) The packer is made of rubber-based materials, and most of the elasticity of the packer is lost after one-time well loading and unloading operation, so that the packer must be replaced frequently, and the cost of the whole device is increased; (3) Under deep drilling conditions, the required setting pressure is very high, and the ground stress test result of the sampling section well wall can be disturbed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a downhole pushing, positioning and centering system and a method for deep drilling, wherein a driving unit in an up-pushing, down-pushing, positioning and centering device is remotely controlled to act on a pushing, positioning and centering structural unit to synchronously act through a control system in 3000 meters of the downhole, underground detection equipment is fixed on a well wall, automatic pushing, accurate positioning and intelligent centering operation are realized, accurate positioning is provided for measuring the mechanical parameters of the rock soil in the deep drilling well, and the measuring precision, efficiency and intelligentized level are improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a downhole pushing, positioning and centering system for deep drilling, comprising: the upper pushing, positioning and centering device comprises a first external connecting structure unit, a first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit and a first driving unit, wherein the first external connecting structure unit is used for connecting the upper pushing, positioning and centering device and a functional mechanism unit of underground detection equipment positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the upper pushing, positioning and centering structure unit into a whole through a connecting structure, the first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit is arranged at the top of the first driving unit, upward pushing force is provided by the first driving unit, and the first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit radially expands along a central shaft of the underground detection equipment in the vertical direction to form a fulcrum to be in contact with a well wall; the first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit comprises a first upper end head, a first upper support arm, a first accumulator, a first lower support arm, a first middle support column, a first lower base and a first base gasket; the lower end of the first upper end head and the upper end of the first lower base are circumferentially provided with a plurality of connecting bases with the same number; one end of the first upper support arm is arranged on the connecting base at the lower end of the first upper end head in a hinging manner, one end of the first lower support arm is arranged on the connecting base at the upper end of the first lower base in a hinging manner, and the first upper support arm is connected with the first lower support arm in a hinging manner; the upper end of the first upper end head is connected with the upper interface, and a first base gasket is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first lower base; one end of the first middle support column penetrates through the lower part of the first lower base and the first base gasket and is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first upper end head, the other end of the first middle support column is arranged on the first driving unit, the first upper support arm and the first lower support arm move upwards along the first middle support column by pushing the first lower base, the first upper support arm and the first lower support arm move outwards radially by taking the first middle support column as the vertical axis, and a pivot point is formed at the hinge joint of the first upper support arm and the first lower support arm and contacts with a well wall; the first accumulator is sleeved on the first middle support column between the first upper end head and the first lower base; the second external connecting structure unit is used for connecting the upward pushing positioning centering device and the functional mechanism units of the underground detection equipment positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the upward pushing positioning centering device into a whole through a connecting structure, the second pushing positioning centering structure unit is arranged at the bottom of the first driving unit and provides downward pushing force through the second driving unit, and the second pushing positioning centering structure unit radially expands along the central shaft of the underground detection equipment in the vertical direction to form a fulcrum to be in contact with a well wall; the second pushing, positioning and centering structural unit has the same connection form and working principle as the first pushing, positioning and centering structural unit and comprises a second upper end head, a second upper supporting arm, a second accumulator, a second lower supporting arm, a second middle support column, a second lower base and a second base gasket; the structure and the function of the upward pushing positioning centering device are similar to those of the downward pushing positioning centering device, and the upward pushing positioning centering device and the downward pushing positioning centering device are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the underground detection equipment; the control system arranged on the underground detection equipment is used for sending a driving signal, the hydraulic system is controlled to output hydraulic oil and input the hydraulic oil to the first driving unit and the second driving unit, and the first pushing, positioning and centering structural unit and the second pushing, positioning and centering structural unit are respectively driven to move reversely along the vertical central axis of the underground detection equipment and synchronously and radially spread, so that the underground detection equipment is pushed, positioned and centered in the drilling sampling section.
Further, the first pair of external connection structure units comprise an upper interface and a first locking connection structure, the upper interface is of a hollow structure, one end of the upper interface is connected with a functional mechanism unit of the upper underground detection equipment, a control system sending signal is transmitted to the next stage, and the other end of the upper interface is connected with the first pushing positioning centering structure unit; the first locking connection structure is arranged at the lower end of the first driving unit and locks and fixes the first driving unit and the functional mechanism unit of the underground detection equipment which is in butt joint with the first driving unit.
Further, the first driving unit comprises a first piston, a first piston rod, a first lower end head and a first oil pipe joint; the first lower end head is of a hollow cylindrical structure, a hollow part at the top of the first lower end head is fixedly connected with one end of a first middle support column, hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hollow cylindrical structure along the vertical direction of the hollow cylindrical structure, and a first piston is arranged in the hydraulic cylinders; one end of the first piston rod penetrates through the first piston and is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the first piston rod is fixedly arranged on the first base gasket; the first oil pipe joint is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder.
Further, the second external connection structure unit comprises an upper connection joint, a lower connection joint and a second locking connection structure; the upper connecting joint is of a cylindrical structure, the upper end of the upper connecting joint is in butt joint with the functional mechanism unit of the underground detection equipment, the lower end of the upper connecting joint is in butt joint with the second driving unit, and the upper connecting joint is locked and fixed with the functional mechanism unit in butt joint with the two ends of the upper connecting joint through a second locking connecting structure arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder wall of the upper connecting joint; the lower connecting joint is provided with a screw hole site which is connected with the lower functional mechanism unit through a screw.
Preferably, the connection form and the working principle of the second driving unit are the same as those of the first driving unit, and the second driving unit comprises a second piston, a second piston rod, a second lower end head and a second oil pipe joint.
Preferably, the push-up positioning and centering device and the push-down positioning and centering device are hollow structures, and the hollow structures are connected in a sealing way to form a pipeline.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a downhole push-against positioning and centering method for deep drilling, comprising the steps of:
s100: after the underground detection equipment arrives at the sampling section, the control system sends out a control signal, and a hollow structure part on the push-up positioning centering device and the push-down positioning centering device are connected in a sealing way to form a pipeline to arrive at the hydraulic system so as to control the hydraulic system to output hydraulic oil;
s200: the hydraulic system outputs hydraulic oil to reach a first oil pipe joint of the upward pushing positioning centering device and a second oil pipe joint of the downward pushing positioning centering device at the same time and then enters the hydraulic cylinder;
s300: a first piston in the hydraulic oil driving cylinder drives a first piston rod to move upwards, the first piston rod pushes a first lower base to move upwards, and the first upper support arm and the first lower support arm are driven to expand radially, so that a fulcrum formed at the hinge position of the first upper support arm and the first lower support arm is pushed against and fixed on a well wall;
the second piston in the hydraulic oil driving cylinder drives the second piston rod to move upwards, the second piston rod pushes the second lower base to move downwards, the second upper supporting arm and the second lower supporting arm are driven to expand radially, and a fulcrum formed at the hinge position of the second upper supporting arm and the second lower supporting arm is pushed against and fixed on a well wall;
the first pushing, positioning and centering structural unit and the second pushing, positioning and centering structural unit are simultaneously axially unfolded along the center of the vertical direction of the underground detection equipment, and the underground detection equipment is automatically centered and fixed on a well wall;
s400: after sampling is finished, the control system sends a control signal to control the hydraulic system to retract and push hydraulic oil, the first piston rod pushes the first lower base to move downwards to drive the first upper supporting arm and the first lower supporting arm to reset, the second piston rod pushes the second lower base to move upwards to drive the second upper supporting arm and the second lower supporting arm to reset, and positioning of lower detection equipment is relieved.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, enable the following beneficial effects to be obtained:
1. according to the underground pushing, positioning and centering system for deep drilling, disclosed by the invention, the driving unit in the underground 3000-meter remote control pushing, upward and downward positioning and centering device is used for synchronously acting on the pushing, positioning and centering structural unit through the control system, so that underground detection equipment is fixed on a well wall, automatic pushing, accurate positioning and intelligent centering operation are realized, accurate positioning is provided for measuring underground geotechnical mechanical parameters of the deep drilling, and the measuring precision, efficiency and intelligent level are improved.
2. According to the underground pushing, positioning and centering system for deep drilling, the pushing, positioning and centering structure unit is formed by hinging the upper supporting arm with the lower supporting arm, and the underground detection equipment is fixed on the well wall through a supporting point formed at the hinging position, so that the integral influence on the well wall of the sampling section is small, and the ground stress test result is not interfered.
3. The underground pushing, positioning and centering system for deep drilling provided by the invention is characterized in that the constituent units arranged on the upper pushing, lower pushing, positioning and centering device are reversely configured, and the constituent units reversely output torque and offset each other in the sampling stage, so that the stable posture of underground detection equipment in the sampling process is ensured.
4. The invention relates to a downhole pushing, positioning and centering system for deep drilling, which is arranged on a pushing, positioning and centering device, wherein a structural unit in the pushing, positioning and centering device is radially unfolded by taking downhole detection equipment as a central shaft to be in contact with a well wall, has an automatic centering function, and can be suitable for drilling with various diameters by adjusting the opening radius of the structural unit in the pushing, positioning and centering device according to the drilling diameter.
5. The hollow structural parts of the down-hole pushing, positioning and centering system for deep drilling can be used for transmitting control signals through cables and avoiding interference of the down-hole environment on the transmission signals after the hollow structural parts of the up-and-down pushing, positioning and centering device are assembled and are connected in a sealing mode to form a pipeline.
6. According to the underground pushing, positioning and centering system for deep drilling, the power failure and locking failure of underground detection equipment can be effectively solved by arranging the accumulator in the structural unit in the pushing, positioning and centering device.
7. The underground pushing, positioning and centering system for deep drilling is made of metal materials, has a simple structure, can be reused, reduces production cost and improves the measuring efficiency of geotechnical mechanical parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an up-and-down pushing, positioning and centering device of a novel downhole pushing, positioning and centering system for deep drilling according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a push-up positioning and centering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a push-down positioning and centering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an initial state of the push-down positioning and centering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the state of the push-down positioning and centering device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a downhole pushing, positioning and centering method for deep drilling according to an embodiment of the invention.
Like reference numerals denote like technical features throughout the drawings, in particular: 100-push-up positioning and centering device, 110-first pair of external connection structural units, 111-upper interface, 112-first locking connection structure, 120-first push-up positioning and centering structural unit, 121-first upper end, 122-first upper support arm, 123-first accumulator, 124-first lower support arm, 125-first middle support, 126-first lower base, 127-first base spacer, 130-first drive unit, 131-first piston, 132-first piston rod, 133-first lower end, 134-first tubing joint, 200-push-down positioning and centering device, 210-second external connection structural unit, 211-upper connection joint, 212-lower connection joint, 213-second locking connection structure, 220-second push-up positioning and centering structural unit, 221-second upper end, 222-second upper support arm, 223-second accumulator, 224-second lower support arm, 225-second middle support, 226-second lower base, 227-second base spacer, 230-second drive unit, 231-second drive unit, 232-second piston rod, 233-second lower end, 234-second piston joint.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the downhole pushing, positioning and centering system for deep drilling according to the embodiment of the invention comprises an upward pushing, positioning and centering device 100 and a downward pushing, positioning and centering device 200, which are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of a downhole detection device, and the central axes of the upward pushing, the positioning and centering device and the downward pushing are coincident in the vertical direction. The push-up positioning and centering device 100 comprises a first pair of external connecting structure units 110, a first push-up positioning and centering structure unit 120 and a first driving unit 130, wherein the first pair of external connecting structure units 110 connect the push-up positioning and centering device 100 and functional mechanism units of underground detection equipment positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the push-up positioning and centering device into a whole through a connecting structure, the first driving unit 130 provides upward thrust, and the first push-up positioning and centering structure unit 120 radially expands along a central shaft of the underground detection equipment in the vertical direction to form a fulcrum to be in contact with a well wall; the pushing-down positioning and centering device 200 comprises a second external connection structure unit 210, a second pushing-down positioning and centering structure unit 220 and a second driving unit 230, wherein the second external connection structure unit 210 connects the pushing-up positioning and centering device 200 and functional mechanism units of the underground detection equipment positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the pushing-down positioning and centering device into a whole through a connection structure, the pushing-down pushing force is provided by the second driving unit 230, and the second pushing-down positioning and centering structure unit 220 radially expands along the central axis of the vertical direction of the underground detection equipment to form a fulcrum to be in contact with a well wall. After the underground detection equipment reaches the underground sampling end, a control system arranged on the underground detection equipment sends a driving signal, and controls a hydraulic system to output hydraulic oil and input the hydraulic oil to a first driving unit 130 and a second driving unit 230, and the first driving unit 120 and the second driving unit 220 respectively drive a first pushing positioning centering structure unit and a second pushing positioning centering structure unit to reversely move along the vertical central axis of the underground detection equipment and synchronously and radially expand to push the underground detection equipment to be positioned and centered in a drilling sampling section; after the sampling is completed, the control system sends a reset signal to control the hydraulic system to output hydraulic oil for reversing, and the first driving unit 130 and the second driving unit 230 simultaneously drive the first pushing positioning centering structure unit 120 and the second pushing positioning centering structure unit 220 to move reversely along the vertical central axis of the underground detection equipment respectively, synchronously retract the fixed supporting point, release the underground detection equipment, and perform the test of recovering or continuously expanding downwards to other depths. The push-up positioning centering device 100 and the push-down positioning centering device 200 are simultaneously and radially unfolded along the vertical central axis of the underground detection equipment to be contacted with the well wall, have an automatic centering function, can adjust the unfolding radius according to the drilling diameter, and are suitable for drilling with various diameters; the first pushing, positioning and centering structural unit 120 and the second pushing, positioning and centering structural unit 220 are made of metal materials, have high rigidity and strength, can be reused, greatly reduce the production cost, form a fulcrum after being unfolded and are fixed on the well wall, have small integral influence on the well wall of the sampling section, and can not interfere with the ground stress test result.
As shown in fig. 1-2, in the push-up positioning and centering device 100, a first push-up positioning and centering structure unit 120 is disposed above a first driving unit 130, and a first pair of external connection structure units 110 are connected to the upper end of the first push-up positioning and centering structure unit 120 and the lower end of the first driving unit 130 through connection structures, and include an upper interface 111 and a first locking connection structure 112. The upper interface 111 is a hollow structure, one end of the upper interface is connected with a functional mechanism unit of the upper underground detection device, a control system sending signal is transmitted to the next stage, and the other end of the upper interface is connected with the first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit 120. The first locking connection structure 112 is disposed at the lower end of the first driving unit 130, and locks and fixes the first driving unit 130 and the functional mechanism unit of the downhole detection device in butt joint with the first driving unit 130, preferably, the first locking connection structure 112 may adopt a square wedge screw structure, and a plurality of wedge hole sites are circumferentially disposed at the lower end of the first driving unit 130, and notches are correspondingly disposed on the functional mechanism unit in butt joint, so that the wedge penetrates through the notches and is disposed in the wedge hole sites, and the wedge is fixed by adopting screws. By the first locking connection structure 112, the butt-joint functional mechanism units can be effectively prevented from relative transverse displacement, and the phenomenon that connection looseness and falling-off of each functional mechanism unit caused by vibration generated during underground sampling is avoided.
As shown in fig. 2, the first push-against positioning centering structure unit 120 includes a first upper tip 121, a first upper support arm 122, a first accumulator 123, a first lower support arm 124, a first middle post 125, a first lower base 126, a first base spacer 127. The lower end of the first upper end head 121 and the upper end of the first lower base 126 are circumferentially provided with a plurality of connecting bases with the same number, and the connecting bases are matched, so that the two connecting bases are conveniently in butt joint and fixation; one end of the first upper support arm 122 is arranged on the connecting base at the lower end of the first upper end head 121 in a hinged manner, one end of the first lower support arm 124 is arranged on the connecting base at the upper end of the first lower base 126 in a hinged manner, the first upper support arm 122 and the first lower support arm 124 are connected in a hinged manner, and preferably, the hinged manner can be connected by a pin; the upper end of the first upper end head 121 is connected with the upper interface 111, and a first base gasket 127 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first lower base 126; one end of the first middle pillar 125 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of an upper end 121 after passing through the lower part of the first lower base 126 and the first base pad 127, and the other end is arranged on the first driving unit 130. By pushing the first lower base 126 to move upwards along the first middle support column 125, the first upper support arm 122 and the first lower support arm 124 move outwards and radially by taking the first middle support column 125 as the axis of the vertical direction, and the hinge part of the first upper support arm and the first lower support arm forms a fulcrum to contact with the well wall, so that the underground detection equipment is fixed in the borehole. In order to prevent the first driving unit 130 from losing power and being unable to release the pushing and positioning of the first pushing and positioning centering structure unit 120, a first accumulator 123 is arranged on a first middle support column 125 between a first upper end 121 and a first lower base 126, potential energy generated by deformation of the first accumulator 123 pushes the first lower base 126 to move downwards, so as to drive the first upper support arm 122 and the first lower support arm 124 to reset, and thus the power failure and locking failure of the underground detection equipment can be effectively solved.
As shown in fig. 2, further, the first driving unit 130 includes a first piston 131, a first piston rod 132, a first lower end 133, and a first oil pipe joint 134. The first lower end 133 is of a hollow cylindrical structure, a hollow part at the top of the first lower end is fixedly connected with one end of the first middle support 125, hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hollow cylindrical structure along the vertical direction of the hollow cylindrical structure, and a first piston 131 is arranged in each hydraulic cylinder. One end of the first piston rod 132 passes through the first piston 131 and is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is fixedly arranged on the first base gasket 127. Through the first oil pipe joint 134 arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic oil provided by a hydraulic system on the underground detection equipment enters the hydraulic cylinder, a first piston 131 in the driving cylinder drives a first piston rod 132 to move upwards, the first piston rod 132 pushes a first base gasket 127 to move upwards, the first upper support arm 122 and the first lower support arm 124 are pushed against a well wall, the underground detection equipment is fixed and centered in a well hole, and the instrument is used for sampling and collecting data. After the test is finished, the first piston 131 drives the first piston rod 132 to move downwards by collecting and pushing hydraulic oil, so that the first upper support arm 122 and the first lower support arm 124 are reset, and after the positioning is relieved, the underground detection equipment can be recovered or can be continuously unfolded downwards for testing at other depths.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the push-down positioning and centering device 200 is similar to the push-up positioning and centering device 100 in structure, and the two components are configured in opposite directions, wherein a second driving unit 230 is disposed above the second push-up positioning and centering structure unit 220, and drives the second push-up positioning and centering structure unit 220 to move downward and spread radially.
The second external connection structure unit 210 connects the functional mechanism units of the downhole detection device which are pushed down against the positioning and centering device 200 and are positioned at the upper part and the lower part thereof into a whole through a connection structure, and comprises an upper connection joint 211, a lower connection joint 212 and a second locking connection structure 213. The upper connecting joint 211 is of a cylindrical structure, the upper end of the upper connecting joint 211 is in butt joint with the functional mechanism units of the underground detection equipment, the lower end of the upper connecting joint is in butt joint with the second driving unit 230, and the upper connecting joint 211 and the functional mechanism units in butt joint with the two ends of the upper connecting joint are locked and fixed through the second locking connecting structures 213 arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder wall of the upper connecting joint. The second locking connection 213 is identical to the first locking connection 113, and preferably, a square wedge screw structure may be used. The lower connecting joint 212 is provided with a screw hole site, and is connected with the lower functional mechanism unit through a screw.
The second pushing, positioning and centering structure unit 220 comprises a second upper end 221, a second upper support arm 222, a second accumulator 223, a second lower support arm 224, a second middle support post 225, a second lower base 226 and a second base gasket 227, which are connected in a similar manner and work principle to the first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit 110, and the second upper support arm 222 and the second lower support arm 224 are radially moved outwards by pushing the second lower base 226 along the second middle support post 225 with the second middle support post 225 as the vertical axis, and the hinge point of the second upper support arm 222 and the second lower support arm forms a fulcrum to be contacted with the well wall, so that the downhole detection equipment is fixed in the borehole. The second pushing, positioning and centering structural unit 220 and the first pushing, positioning and centering structural unit 120 are matched, so that the whole system and the well wall are fixedly positioned and centered.
In addition, the second driving unit 230 has the same structural function as the first driving unit 130, and includes a second piston 231, a second piston rod 232, a second lower end 233 and a second oil pipe joint 234, which are similar to the first driving unit 130 in connection form and working principle, and are powered by a hydraulic system, and simultaneously drive the first pushing positioning centering structure unit 120 and the second pushing positioning centering structure unit 220 to move reversely along the vertical central axis of the underground detecting device, and synchronously and radially expand or retract, so as to fixedly center the underground detecting device or recover or continuously expand the underground detecting device downwards for testing at other depths.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the constituent units of the push-down positioning and centering device 200 and the push-up positioning and centering device 100 are reversely configured, the second driving unit 230 and the first driving unit 130 synchronously and reversely output thrust, the moments in the vertical direction cancel each other, the first push-down positioning and centering structure unit 120 and the second push-down positioning and centering structure unit 220 synchronously and reversely move along the vertical central axis of the underground detection device, the moments radially acting on the well wall cancel each other, and the stable posture of the underground detection device in the sampling process is ensured.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axes of the upper interface 111, the first upper end 121, the first middle support post 125, the first lower base 126, the first base gasket 127, the first lower end 133, the upper connection joint 211, the lower connection joint 212, the second upper end 221, the second middle support post 225, the second lower base 226, the second base gasket 227, and the second lower end 233 are arranged along the central axis of the downhole detection device in the vertical direction, and the inside is a hollow structure, and after the hollow structures are hermetically connected, a pipe is formed, which can be used for transmitting control signals through cables, so as to avoid interference of the downhole environment on the transmission signals.
As shown in fig. 6, the downhole pushing positioning and centering device of the invention has the following working procedures:
s100: after the underground detection equipment is lowered to the sampling section, the control system sends out a control signal, and a hollow structure part on the upper pushing positioning centering device 100 and the lower pushing positioning centering device 200 is connected in a sealing way to form a pipeline to reach the hydraulic system so as to control the hydraulic system to output hydraulic oil;
s200: the hydraulic system outputs hydraulic oil to reach the first oil pipe joint 134 of the pushing-up positioning and centering device 100 and the second oil pipe joint 234 of the pushing-down positioning and centering device 200 at the same time and then enters the hydraulic cylinder;
s300: the first piston 131 in the hydraulic oil driving cylinder drives the first piston rod 132 to move upwards, the first piston rod 132 pushes the first lower base 126 to move upwards, the first upper support arm 122 and the first lower support arm 124 are driven to expand radially, and a fulcrum formed at the hinge position of the first upper support arm 122 and the first lower support arm 124 is pushed against and fixed on the well wall;
the second piston 231 in the hydraulic oil driving cylinder drives the second piston rod 232 to move downwards, the second piston rod 232 pushes the second lower base 226 to move downwards, the second upper support arm 222 and the second lower support arm 224 are driven to expand radially, and a fulcrum formed at the hinge position of the second upper support arm 222 and the second lower support arm 224 is pushed against and fixed on the well wall;
the first leaning positioning centering structure unit 120 and the second leaning positioning centering structure unit 220 are simultaneously axially unfolded along the center of the vertical direction of the underground detection equipment, so that the underground detection equipment is automatically centered and fixed on the well wall;
s400: after the sampling is finished, the control system sends out a control signal to control the hydraulic system to collect and push hydraulic oil, the first piston rod 132 pulls the first lower base 126 to move downwards to drive the first upper support arm 122 and the first lower support arm 124 to reset, the second piston rod 232 pulls the second lower base 226 to move upwards to drive the second upper support arm 222 and the second lower support arm 224 to reset, and the positioning of the lower detection equipment is relieved.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A deep borehole downhole push-against positioning and centering system, comprising:
the upper pushing, positioning and centering device (100) comprises a first pair of external connecting structure units (110), a first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit (120) and a first driving unit (130), wherein the first pair of external connecting structure units (110) are used for connecting the upper pushing, positioning and centering device (100) and the functional mechanism units of the underground detection equipment positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the upper pushing, positioning and centering device into a whole through a connecting structure, the first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit (120) is arranged at the top of the first driving unit (130), upward pushing force is provided by the first driving unit (130), and the first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit (120) radially expands along the central axis of the underground detection equipment in the vertical direction to form a fulcrum to be in contact with a well wall; the first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit (120) comprises a first upper end head (121), a first upper supporting arm (122), a first accumulator (123), a first lower supporting arm (124), a first middle support column (125), a first lower base (126) and a first base gasket (127); the lower end of the first upper end head (121) and the upper end of the first lower base (126) are circumferentially provided with a plurality of connecting bases with the same number; one end of the first upper support arm (122) is arranged on a connecting base at the lower end of the first upper end head (121) in a hinging manner, one end of the first lower support arm (124) is arranged on a connecting base at the upper end of the first lower base (126) in a hinging manner, and the first upper support arm (122) and the first lower support arm (124) are connected in a hinging manner; the upper end of the first upper end head (121) is connected with the upper interface (111), and a first base gasket (127) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first lower base (126); one end of the first middle support column (125) penetrates through the lower part of the first lower base (126) and the first base gasket (127) and then is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first upper end head (121), the other end of the first middle support column is arranged on the first driving unit (130), the first upper support arm (122) and the first lower support arm (124) move upwards along the first middle support column (125) by pushing the first lower base (126) to move outwards radially by taking the first middle support column (125) as a vertical axis, and a pivot point is formed at the hinged position of the first upper support arm and the first lower support arm and contacts with a well wall; the first accumulator (123) is sleeved on a first middle support column (125) between the first upper end head (121) and the first lower base (126);
the pushing-down positioning and centering device (200) comprises a second external connecting structure unit (210), a second pushing-down positioning and centering structure unit (220) and a second driving unit (230), wherein the second external connecting structure unit (210) is used for connecting the pushing-up positioning and centering device (100) and a functional mechanism unit of the underground detection equipment positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the pushing-down positioning and centering device into a whole through a connecting structure, the second pushing-down positioning and centering structure unit (220) is arranged at the bottom of the first driving unit (130), downward pushing force is provided by the second driving unit (230), and the second pushing-down positioning and centering structure unit (220) radially expands along a central shaft of the underground detection equipment in the vertical direction to form a fulcrum to be in contact with a well wall; the second leaning positioning centering structure unit (220) has the same connection form and working principle as the first leaning positioning centering structure unit (110) and comprises a second upper end head (221), a second upper supporting arm (222), a second accumulator (223), a second lower supporting arm (224), a second middle support column (225), a second lower base (226) and a second base gasket (227);
the structure and the function of the pushing-up positioning and centering device (100) are similar to those of the pushing-down positioning and centering device (200), and the pushing-up positioning and centering device and the pushing-down positioning and centering device are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the underground detection equipment;
the control system arranged on the underground detection equipment is used for sending a driving signal, the hydraulic system is controlled to output hydraulic oil and input the hydraulic oil to the first driving unit (130) and the second driving unit (230), and the first pushing, positioning and centering structural unit (120) and the second pushing, positioning and centering structural unit (220) are respectively driven to move reversely along the vertical central axis of the underground detection equipment and synchronously and radially expand, so that the underground detection equipment is pushed, positioned and centered in a drilling sampling section.
2. The downhole push positioning and centering system of deep borehole of claim 1, wherein the first pair of external connection structure units (110) comprises an upper interface (111) and a first locking connection structure (112), the upper interface (111) is of a hollow structure, one end of the upper interface is connected with a functional mechanism unit of the upper downhole detection equipment, a control system sending signal is transmitted to the next stage, and the other end of the upper interface is connected with the first push positioning and centering structure unit (120);
the first locking connection structure (112) is arranged at the lower end of the first driving unit (130) and locks and fixes the first driving unit (130) and a functional mechanism unit of the underground detection equipment which is in butt joint with the first driving unit.
3. The downhole push-against positioning and centering system of claim 1, wherein the first drive unit (130) comprises a first piston (131), a first piston rod (132), a first lower head (133) and a first tubing joint (134);
the first lower end head (133) is of a hollow cylindrical structure, a hollow part at the top of the first lower end head is fixedly connected with one end of the first middle support column (125), hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hollow cylindrical structure along the vertical direction of the hollow cylindrical structure, and a first piston (131) is arranged in the hydraulic cylinders; one end of the first piston rod (132) penetrates through the first piston (131) and is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the first piston rod is fixedly arranged on the first base gasket (127); the first oil pipe joint (134) is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder.
4. The downhole push-against positioning and centering system of claim 1, wherein the second external connection structure unit (210) comprises an upper connection joint (211), a lower connection joint (212), a second locking connection structure (213); the upper connecting joint (211) is of a cylindrical structure, the upper end of the upper connecting joint is in butt joint with the functional mechanism unit of the underground detection equipment, the lower end of the upper connecting joint is in butt joint with the second driving unit (230), and the upper connecting joint (211) is locked and fixed with the functional mechanism units in butt joint with the two ends of the upper connecting joint through a second locking connecting structure (213) arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder wall of the upper connecting joint; the lower connecting joint (212) is provided with a screw hole site, and is connected with the lower functional mechanism unit through a screw.
5. The downhole pushing, positioning and centering system according to claim 1, wherein the second driving unit (230) has the same connection form and operation principle as the first driving unit (130), and comprises a second piston (231), a second piston rod (232), a second lower end (233) and a second tubing joint (234).
6. The downhole push-up positioning and centering system as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the push-up positioning and centering device (100) and the push-down positioning and centering device (200) are hollow structures, wherein the hollow structures form a pipeline after being sealed and connected.
7. A method for positioning and centering a deep borehole downhole push-on, characterized in that the method is implemented by using the system for positioning and centering a deep borehole downhole push-on according to any one of claims 1-6, and comprises the following steps:
s100: after the underground detection equipment arrives at the sampling section, the control system sends out a control signal, and a pipeline arrives a hydraulic system through sealing connection of hollow structure parts on the push-up positioning centering device (100) and the push-down positioning centering device (200), so as to control the hydraulic system to output hydraulic oil;
s200: the hydraulic system outputs hydraulic oil to reach a first oil pipe joint (134) of the upward pushing positioning centering device (100) and a second oil pipe joint (234) of the downward pushing positioning centering device (200) at the same time and then enters the hydraulic cylinder;
s300: a first piston (131) in the hydraulic oil driving cylinder drives a first piston rod (132) to move upwards, the first piston rod (132) pushes a first lower base (126) to move upwards, and the first upper support arm (122) and the first lower support arm (124) are driven to expand radially, so that a fulcrum formed at the hinge joint of the first upper support arm (122) and the first lower support arm (124) is pushed against and fixed on a well wall;
a second piston (231) in the hydraulic oil driving cylinder drives a second piston rod (232) to move upwards, the second piston rod (232) pushes a second lower base (226) to move downwards, and the second upper support arm (222) and the second lower support arm (224) are driven to expand radially, so that a fulcrum formed at the hinge joint of the second upper support arm (222) and the second lower support arm (224) is pushed against and fixed on a well wall;
the first pushing, positioning and centering structure unit (120) and the second pushing, positioning and centering structure unit (220) are simultaneously axially unfolded along the center of the vertical direction of the underground detection equipment, and the underground detection equipment is automatically centered and fixed on a well wall;
s400: after sampling is finished, the control system sends a control signal to control the hydraulic system to collect and push hydraulic oil, the first piston rod (132) pushes the first lower base (126) to move downwards to drive the first upper support arm (122) and the first lower support arm (124) to reset, the second piston rod (232) pushes the second lower base (226) to move upwards to drive the second upper support arm (222) and the second lower support arm (224) to reset, and positioning of lower detection equipment is relieved.
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| CN114441073B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-08-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Small-aperture deep-hole ground stress testing system and method for water conservancy exploration drilling |
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