CN210322636U - High-precision drilling shearing testing device - Google Patents
High-precision drilling shearing testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210322636U CN210322636U CN201920387461.7U CN201920387461U CN210322636U CN 210322636 U CN210322636 U CN 210322636U CN 201920387461 U CN201920387461 U CN 201920387461U CN 210322636 U CN210322636 U CN 210322636U
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013101 initial test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007660 shear property test Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-precision drilling shearing test device, which is based on a scraper telescopic system, a scraper rotating system, a drilling shearing device and a test processing system which are integrated into a whole; the scraper telescopic system drives the scraper to scrape the hole wall to form a smooth hole wall; the scraper rotating system drives the scraper telescopic system to integrally rotate; the drilling shearing device is connected with the scraper rotating system, and can drive the shearing plate to contact with a smooth hole wall formed by the scraper telescopic system and gradually press and solidify a soil body on the hole wall; the test processing system controls the scraper rotating system, the scraper telescopic system and the drilling shearing device to work cooperatively to complete the field shearing test. According to the scheme, the built-in double-motor is adopted to control the scraping range in the aperture, so that the influence of the upper soil body and the form change of the hole wall on the shearing surface in the drilling shearing process is eliminated, the original shear strength value of the soil body is obtained, and the requirement of the current geotechnical engineering investigation specification is met.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a geotechnical engineering investigation technical field, concretely relates to on-spot soil body shear strength test scheme.
Background
The shear strength parameter of the soil is a key index of engineering foundation design, is the basis of building foundation stability analysis, and is related to the economy and safety of the whole engineering. At present, the shear strength parameters of the soil body are mainly obtained by adopting an indoor shear test or a field drilling shear test. The size limitation of the laboratory test sample causes poor representativeness; the field shear test is to apply an external load force to the soil body of an operation point, directly obtain the mechanical parameters of the soil in the natural structure and stress environment state of the soil body, overcome the defects of disturbance and size effect of the soil body in an indoor test and the like, and measure the strength parameters of the soil body more accurately.
In recent years, an in-situ test method for measuring the shear strength parameter of a soil body through a drilling shear test is started, the shear strength of the soil is measured by simulating an indoor direct shear test method through a hole wall formed by drilling, and the obtained cohesive force and the obtained internal friction angle are closer to the actual properties of the soil. For example, the literature, "the method of the borehole shear test of the shear strength parameter of the soil body" (Yongtang, et al. geotechnical engineering technology 2015, 29(4): 169-.
In addition, a similar solution is disclosed in the prior art, for example, chinese patent application with application number 201410743287.7 discloses an in-situ soil in-hole shearing test device and a test method, the device is placed on the wall of a measuring point hole by using a drill hole, air pressure is applied to provide normal stress to expand an air bag to drive a shearing cylinder to expand, shearing knives on the periphery of the shearing cylinder are inserted into a soil body to be consolidated, then force is applied to drive a steel rod to rise to drive the shearing knives to shear the soil body, the soil body is sheared and damaged, and finally a soil shearing index is calculated according to the coulomb law.
For another example, the chinese patent application with application number 201510483175.7 discloses a soil body in-situ drilling and shearing test device, which mainly comprises an operation platform, a vertical tension mechanism, a shearing probe, a supporting oil cylinder and a pressurizing air pump. The device is adopted to carry out the drilling shear test, the shear strength parameter of the soil body can be rapidly measured in the field drilling, and compared with the data obtained by the indoor test, the device is simpler and more accurate.
For another example, the chinese patent application with application number 201210465143.0 discloses a rock mass drilling shearing elastic modulus instrument, which mainly comprises a plug rod, a loop bar, an upper disc cutter, a rubber bag and a lower disc cutter, and adopts a long column structure. During the test, hole wall rock mass shearing tests under different normal stresses are carried out at different drilling positions, and a curve is drawn by utilizing the rock mass shearing failure tests under different stresses so as to determine rock mass shearing strength parameters.
In the solutions disclosed in the above documents and patent applications, the drilling shear apparatus of the american Iowa and french phigometer or similar products are used, and the shear test results are calculated according to the formulas of σ P/a and τ T/2A, which are suitable for drilling rock or hard soil layers with high quality, and the hole wall is in an ideal state after drilling, as shown in fig. 1 a. In practical situations, most surface soil is soft soil with low strength and small bearing capacity, such as silt and clay, and the like, and after drilling, the phenomena of particle precipitation, shrinkage and collapse can occur in the hole, and the formed actual hole wall is shown in figure 1 b.
Along with the continuous extension of foundation depths such as geotechnical engineering building, bridge, pier, artificial island tunnel, urgent need one can overcome the scheme of current drilling shear apparatus defect, and the demand that soft soil body shear strength parameter is satisfied in the real reflection.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the problems that the existing scheme for measuring the shear strength parameters of the soil body has low measurement precision and can not truly reflect the shear strength parameters of the soft soil body, a new scheme for measuring the shear strength parameters of the soil body is needed.
Therefore, the utility model aims to provide a high accuracy drilling shearing test device solves this difficult problem of the shear strength parameter distortion that current drilling shear apparatus obtained from this.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a high accuracy drilling shear test device mainly includes:
the scraper telescoping system is driven by the scraper rotating system to rotate and is controlled by the test processing system to drive the scraper to scrape soil on the hole wall to form a smooth hole wall;
the scraper rotating system is connected with the scraper telescopic system and is controlled by the test processing system to drive the scraper telescopic system to integrally rotate;
the drilling shearing device is connected with the scraper rotating system, is controlled by the test processing system, and can drive the shearing plate to be in contact with a smooth hole wall formed by the scraper telescopic system and enable a hole wall soil body to be gradually pressed and solidified;
and the test processing system controls the scraper rotating system, the scraper telescopic system and the drilling shearing device to work cooperatively to complete a field shearing test.
Furthermore, the scraper rotating system, the scraper telescopic system and the drilling shearing device are sequentially and coaxially connected.
Further, the scraper rotating system drives the scraper telescopic system to integrally rotate relative to the scraper rotating system and the drilling shearing device.
Furthermore, the scraper rotating system comprises a first driving motor and a transmission shaft, wherein the first driving motor is in driving connection with the scraper telescopic system through the transmission shaft, and drives the scraper telescopic system to integrally rotate relative to the scraper rotating system.
Further, the scraper telescoping system comprises a second driving motor, a transmission screw rod, a scraper and a bearing assembly; the scraper telescopic system is connected with the drilling shearing device through a bearing assembly, so that the whole scraper telescopic system can rotate relative to the scraper rotating system; the second driving motor is arranged on the second bearing assembly, is connected with the scraper through the transmission lead screw and can drive the transmission lead screw to horizontally extend and retract so as to drive the scraper to move relative to the hole wall.
Furthermore, the scraper comprises an arc-shaped supporting plate and a plurality of parallel scraper knives, the parallel scraper knives are fixed on the front surface of the arc-shaped supporting plate, and the back surface of the arc-shaped supporting plate is connected with the transmission screw rod.
Furthermore, the drilling shearing device is mainly formed by matching a shearing cylinder, a shearing plate and a hydraulic driving mechanism, wherein the hydraulic driving mechanism is arranged in the shearing cylinder and is in driving connection with the shearing plate, and the shearing plate can be driven to horizontally stretch and move relative to the shearing cylinder.
Furthermore, two shear plates are symmetrically arranged in the drilling shearing device and are synchronously driven by a hydraulic driving mechanism.
Further, a pipe shoe is arranged at the bottom of the drilling and shearing device.
The utility model provides a scheme can effectively improve drilling shearing test accuracy, and is applicable in soft soil layer, can eliminate the influence of soft soil pore wall to drilling shearing in-process, and the shear strength parameter that makes the scene record is more true.
Furthermore, the utility model provides a scheme has following beneficial effect when using:
(1) according to the scheme, the built-in motor is adopted to control the scraping range in the aperture, so that the influence of the upper soil body on the shearing surface in the drilling and shearing processes is eliminated, and the original shear strength value of the soil body is obtained;
(2) the scheme utilizes the integrated control of the upper computer and the lower computer to improve the testing precision and meet the requirements of the current Chinese or European and American geotechnical engineering investigation specifications.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shearing process of a conventional borehole shearing apparatus.
Fig. 2 is the utility model discloses the improvement drilling shear test precision's that the example provided device overall structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the utility model discloses the improvement drilling shear test precision's that the example provided device structure decomposes the sketch map.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a telescopic system of the scraper in the example of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a plan elevation view of an apparatus for improving the accuracy of a borehole shear test according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the utility model discloses the example carries out the operation flow schematic diagram of drilling shear test.
Illustration of the drawings:
10, lifting lugs; 11 coupling rings; 12, mounting the cylinder body; 13 screw holes;
14 a stepping motor; 15 a cartridge base; 16 step motors; 17 a base;
18, shearing a cylinder; 19 grooves; 20, a lower cylinder body; 21 a pipe boot;
30 cables; 31 a flange; 32 a scraper; 33 lower ball bearing disc;
34 a shear plate; 40 pipelines; 41 bolts; 42 an upper ball bearing disc;
43 a drive shaft; 44 through holes; 46 leading screw; 47 a support;
48 hydraulic oil cylinders; 49 a piston;
50 external threads; 51 internal threads; 52 a hinge slot; 53 ball grooves;
60 push rods; 62 annular hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, creation features, achievement purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand and understand, the present invention is further explained by combining with the specific drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the prior art drilling shear test technology or product is suitable for harder soil layers, and the hole wall is in an ideal state after drilling (fig. 1 a); in fact, after drilling on the soft clay, the pore wall is irregular, and when the hole bottom in-process was put into to the drilling shear apparatus, the pore wall received soil body pressure all around, and the shrinkage cavity can appear in the horizontal direction, and upper portion granule and soil block subside fast perpendicularly to can appear (fig. 1b) to as for the not equidimension embraces the drilling shear apparatus, influence shearing test achievement.
In order to solve the problem, in the embodiment, the wall of the drill hole to be tested is scraped to form a smooth hole wall, so that the influence of the upper soil body on the shearing surface in the shearing process of the drill hole is eliminated, and the original shear strength value of the soil body is obtained.
Referring to fig. 2-5, exemplary configurations of an apparatus for improving the accuracy of a borehole shear test are shown.
The device can be matched with a corresponding test processing system to carry out high-precision drilling shearing test, and the shearing strength parameter measured on site is more real.
As can be seen, the device is generally cylindrical, which facilitates the drilling operation. The device is formed by sequentially connecting and combining a scraper rotating system positioned on the upper part, a scraper telescopic system positioned on the middle part and a drilling shearing device positioned on the lower part from top to bottom.
The scraper rotating system, the scraper telescopic system and the drilling shearing device are sequentially and coaxially connected, and the scraper telescopic system can integrally rotate relative to the scraper rotating system and the drilling shearing device.
The scraper rotating system is controlled by the test processing system and drives the scraper telescopic system in the middle to integrally rotate relative to the scraper rotating system and the drilling shearing device;
the scraper telescopic system positioned in the middle part is controlled by the test processing system and can drive the scraper to scrape soil on the hole wall to form a smooth hole wall;
the drilling hole shearing device positioned at the lower part is controlled by the test processing system, and can drive the shearing plate to be in contact with a smooth hole wall formed by the scraper telescopic system, and the soil body on the hole wall is gradually pressed and consolidated.
On the basis, the drilling shear test can be carried out according to the set or design requirement specification of the national standard geotechnical engineering survey specification (revised in GB50021-2001,2009).
The following describes an implementation process of the device for improving the precision of the drill hole shearing test with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The whole body of the scraper rotating system at the upper part of the device is cylindrical, and the scraper rotating system mainly comprises an upper cylinder body 12, a cylinder base 15, a stepping motor 14 and the like which are matched with each other in structure.
Wherein, the outer wall of the cylinder base 15 is provided with corresponding external threads 50 (as shown in fig. 4), and the cylinder base 15 is screwed with the upper cylinder 12 through the internal and external threads to form a closed cylinder.
A plurality of lifting lugs 10 are arranged at the top of the upper barrel 12, so that the whole device can be lifted conveniently; meanwhile, the corresponding coupling 11 is arranged in the middle of the top of the upper barrel 12, so that the coupling 11 can be screwed with the upper drill rod in a threaded manner, and the drill rod can be lengthened section by section through a drilling machine.
The inside of the upper cylinder 12 is provided with a corresponding stepping motor 14 and a flange 31, which are fixed by 4 bolts 41 passing through the screw holes 13 (as shown in fig. 3); the stepping motor 14 is fixed on the cylinder base 15; the top of the flange 31 is provided with a corresponding through hole 44 and is connected with the inner side of the top of the upper cylinder 12 through a pipeline 40, so that the control cable 30 can be respectively connected to the stepping motor 14, the stepping motor 16 in the scraper telescopic system and the hydraulic cylinder 48 in the drilling shearing device through the coupling 11, the pipeline 40 and the through hole 44.
The cable 30 herein mainly refers to the integration of a power line, a communication line and a hydraulic pipe, but is not limited thereto, and other forms of cables 30 may be used as needed.
On this basis, the present example is provided with an upper ball bearing disk 42 at the bottom of the barrel base 15, the upper ball bearing disk 42 serving as a bearing assembly for connecting the upper scraper rotary system and the middle scraper telescopic system and allowing the scraper telescopic system to rotate relative to the scraper rotary system.
When the soil scraper is specifically arranged, the upper ball bearing disc 42 is integrally embedded in the bottom of the cylinder base 15, the outer ring of the upper ball bearing disc 42 is fixed with the stepping motor 14, the inner ring of the upper ball bearing disc 42 is provided with the transmission shaft 43, and the transmission shaft 43 is used for being connected with the stepping motor 16 in the soil scraper telescopic system, so that the stepping motor 14 can drive the transmission shaft 43 according to the pulse frequency to enable the soil scraper telescopic system to rotate integrally, and the soil scraper 32 scrapes soil on the hole wall to form an ideal smooth hole wall.
The scraper telescoping system in the middle of the device is mainly formed by mutually matching a stepping motor 16, a scraper 32, a lead screw 46 and a support 47. The scraper telescoping system is rotatably arranged between the scraper rotating system and the drilling shearing device through the upper ball bearing disc 42 and the lower ball bearing disc 33, so that the scraper telescoping system can integrally rotate relative to the scraper rotating system and the drilling shearing device.
An upper ball bearing disk 42 is integrally embedded in the bottom of the cartridge base 15 (as described above) as an upper bearing assembly for connection to the upper portion of the scraper telescoping system;
the lower ball bearing disk 33 is integrally embedded on the base 17 of the drilling shearing apparatus corresponding to the upper ball bearing disk 42, and serves as a lower bearing assembly for connecting with the lower part of the scraper telescopic system.
Referring to fig. 4, when the upper ball bearing disk 42 and the lower ball bearing disk 33 are installed, corresponding ball grooves 53 are correspondingly formed on the cartridge base 15 and the base 17, and then the upper ball bearing disk 42 and the lower ball bearing disk 33 are respectively embedded in the ball grooves 53 on the cartridge base 15 and the base 17.
The stepping motor 16 in the scraper telescoping system is used as a power system in the whole scraper telescoping system and is used for driving the scraper 32 to move telescopically. The upper end of the stepping motor 16 is fixed with the inner ring of the upper ball bearing disc 42 and is connected with the stepping motor 14 through a transmission shaft 43, and the lower end is fixed with the inner ring of the lower ball bearing disc 33 through 4 supports 47.
On the basis, the screw rod 46 is horizontally arranged on the stepping motor 16, the stepping motor 16 rotates to control the screw rod 46 to horizontally stretch, one end of the screw rod 46 is connected with the scraper 32, the screw rod 46 can drive the scraper 32 to move forward or backward, the scraper 32 is contacted with the hole wall when moving forward, and the scraper 32 retracts into the cylindrical device when moving backward.
Referring to fig. 5, the scraper 32 in this example mainly comprises an arc-shaped metal plate and a plurality of parallel scraper blades, the plurality of parallel scraper blades are vertically arranged on the front surface of the arc-shaped metal plate (i.e. the arc-shaped outer side surface of the arc-shaped metal plate), and each scraper blade is welded and fixed with the arc-shaped metal plate, so that the connection reliability is ensured. Furthermore, the back of the arc-shaped metal plate is provided with a corresponding hinge slot 52 (as shown in fig. 4), and the hinge slot 52 is provided with a through hole for connecting with the screw rod 46. Correspondingly, the front end of the screw 46 is provided with an annular hole 62, and the screw 46 is screwed with the nut through the bolt after the joint provided with the annular hole 62 at the front end is inserted into the through hole on the hinge groove 52.
Therefore, the stepping motor 16, the support 47, the lower ball bearing 33 disc, the transmission shaft 43, the upper ball bearing disc 42 and the scraper 32 form a rotating whole, and the transmission shaft 43 is driven by the stepping motor 14; the stepping motor 16 is externally connected with a test processing system through the cable 30, and can determine the telescopic distance of the lead screw 46 according to the received pulse number and the tooth pitch of the lead screw 46, so that the soil scraping range (aperture) of the soil scraper can be controlled.
The drilling shearing device at the lower part of the device is cylindrical as a whole and structurally mainly comprises a base 17, a shearing cylinder 18, a lower cylinder body 20, a pipe shoe 21, a shearing plate 34, a hydraulic oil cylinder 48 and a piston 49 which are matched with one another.
Wherein, the base 17 is cylindrical and has a U-shaped cross section. The base 17 has a corresponding lower ball bearing disk 33 (as described above) embedded in the bottom thereof, and an internal thread 51 is formed on the inner side of the sidewall thereof for screwing with the shear cylinder 18.
The cutting cylinder 18 is formed in an arc shape integrally fitted to the base 17, and has a hollow interior. The inside of the shearing cylinder 18 is provided with a hydraulic oil cylinder 48 and a piston 49, and the side wall is symmetrically provided with notches matched with the shearing plate 34. The hydraulic oil cylinder 48 is externally connected with corresponding control devices such as a hydraulic pump and a console through the cable 30; meanwhile, the hydraulic oil cylinder 48 controls the 2 symmetrical shearing plates 34 to move relative to the shearing cylinder 18 through the push rod 60 to realize opening and closing, and the shearing plates 34 are opened to contact with soil on the wall of the hole.
The bottom of the cutting cylinder 18 is provided with a corresponding lower cylinder 20, the inner side of the lower cylinder 20 is provided with a corresponding groove 19, and the bottom is provided with a pipe shoe 21.
The drilling shearing device formed by the method can well complete a shearing test.
The test processing system in the embodiment mainly comprises a lower computer and an upper computer, wherein the lower computer mainly comprises a single chip microcomputer, a driving module, a power supply module, a signal conversion module, a sensor and the like. The lower computer is arranged in the device for improving the precision of the shearing test of the drill hole, and the singlechip controls the stepping motor 14 and the stepping motor 16 through the driving module so as to control the soil scraping range (aperture) and the soil scraping rotation rate; the power supply module provides stable working voltage and current for each module in the lower computer; the sensor is used for detecting various data in real time and transmitting the data to the signal conversion module; the signal conversion module is used for transmitting the signal detected by the sensor to the singlechip; the single chip microcomputer forms corresponding control signals (such as pulse and frequency signals) according to the received control signals and the corresponding sensing signals and transmits the control signals to the driving module, and the driving module drives the scraper to stretch and scrape soil according to the received pulse and frequency signals.
Furthermore, the host computer among this test processing system comprises PC, software processing system, user management software system etc. in the PC of operation, and the host computer can arrange on ground, is connected with the next computer through the RS serial ports, the control signal that sends to the next computer, if: step distance, rotation rate, etc.
Referring to fig. 5, the device for improving the shearing test precision of the drill hole based on the above scheme can transmit pulse or frequency signals through the power line and the data signal line in the cable 30 aiming at the uncertainty of the hole wall of the soft cohesive soil, control the stepping motor 14 and the stepping motor 16 in the device, collect data of various sensors, control the soil scraping range (aperture) and the soil scraping rotation rate in the hole diameter of the drill hole through the rotary matching of the stepping motor 16 and the long lead screw 46, eliminate the influence of the upper soil body on the shearing surface in the shearing process of the drill hole, and obtain the original shearing strength value of the soil body.
To further illustrate the solution provided by the present example, the following describes a process for performing a high-precision borehole shear test based on the apparatus provided by the present example.
First, the apparatus is configured according to the above-described scheme, and a test processing system is provided, and the test processing system and the apparatus are connected by a cable 30. A power line, a communication line and a hydraulic pipeline are arranged in the cable 30, the power line provides direct current for the motor, the communication line transmits control and data signals, and the hydraulic pipeline provides kinetic energy for the shearing system. The cable 30 is connected with the stepping motor and the drilling shearing device from the ground through a drill rod coupling, a pipeline and a through hole, so that the scraper rotating system can receive the pulse frequency sent by the test processing system to control the stepping motor 14 to drive the scraper telescopic system to integrally rotate, and scraping is implemented.
After the corresponding device and the test processing system are configured, the drilling shearing test can be carried out. In the case of performing the borehole shear test, the borehole was drilled to an initial design depth (i.e., initial test depth) by the drilling method, and: placing a device A to the bottom of a hole → scraping soil B (removing soil in the range of the hole wall R) → C shearing plate opening → D drilling shearing, and thus completing a complete operation process, wherein the test process is from shallow to deep until the whole drilling hole reaches the designed depth.
Referring to fig. 6, the example was conducted as follows:
A. placing the device to the bottom of the hole: firstly, drilling a hole to an initial design depth (namely an initial test depth) at an exploration point by adopting a drilling method, and taking a drill bit or an earth sampler out of the ground; the upper coupling 11 of the device is screwed and connected with the male coupling hoop of the drill rod by adopting a drilling machine or hoisting equipment, and the drill rod is added section by section to enable the device to be close to the bottom of a drill hole until the device is placed at the bottom of the hole (the designed depth); or the device of the utility model is put into the hole bottom along the hole wall of the drilled hole by using the lifting lugs and the steel wire rope;
B. scraping (soil removal in the range of the hole wall R): starting a host computer user mode, entering a test processing system, firstly driving a scraper telescoping system to operate, namely, calculating the telescoping distance of a lead screw 46 by a lower computer according to a received control signal and the tooth pitch of the lead screw 46, then forming a driving control signal according to the telescoping distance, transmitting the driving control signal to a stepping motor 16, driving the lead screw 46 to horizontally move by the stepping motor 16 according to the signal, and stretching a scraper 32 at the head of the lead screw 46 to gradually contact with the hole wall; then, the stepping motor 14 is driven to drive the whole scraper rotating system to rotate, the scraper 32 on the rotating system scrapes soil around the horizontal phase for 360 degrees, so that soil on the shoulder part and the hole wall of the shearing device is removed, and a smooth hole wall is formed; the shearing plate 34 on the shearing device is in uniform contact with the hole wall, so that the shearing surface is in an ideal state in the shearing process.
Where R is the radial distance between the center of the stepping motor 16 and the scraper 32, the radial distance R can be adjusted by the stepping motor 16 driving the lead screw 46.
C. Opening the shear plate: the upper computer controls the stepping motor 16 to drive the screw rod 46 to rotate reversely, the scraper 32 is retracted to a normal state, soil on the upper part of the shear plate 34 is removed (the hole wall is smooth in a period of time), the shear plate 34 on the drilling shearing device is synchronously controlled to be opened, so that the shear plate 34 is contacted with the hole wall, and the soil on the hole wall is gradually pressed and solidified;
D. drilling and shearing: the device is lifted upwards by using a ground lifting device (a drilling machine, a jack or lifting equipment), a drilling shearing test (shearing plate 34 and hole wall friction shearing) is started to be implemented, at the moment, the upper computer continuously collects a shearing stress tau value according to shearing displacement (lifting distance), and reads the tau within 4mmmixUntil the peak value, if no peak value, acquiring the maximum tau shifted to the distance of 6mmmixThe value is obtained. After the shear test is finished, the shear plate 34 is driven to retract to a normal state;
here, the values of tau are continuously acquired according to the displacement interval until tau appearsmixTau at peak or maximum displacementmixThe method is set by a host computer user mode, and is specifically carried out by referring to the specification set by the national standard geotechnical engineering investigation standard (revised in GB50021-2001,2009) or the design requirement.
E. After the test steps are completed, the following steps are continuously executed: drill → A → B → C → D, repeat this process, so that the test depth goes from shallow to deep until the entire drill reaches the design depth.
The test process is a process of gradually drilling and gradually testing. Accordingly, another scheme of continuous drilling test is provided in this example to obtain the original shear strength of the soil body.
The test protocol employs a drilling method to directly reach the final design depth, beginning execution: placing the device A to the bottom of the hole → scraping the soil (removing the soil in the range of the hole wall R) → C shearing plate opening → D drilling shearing process → F lifting upwards for a certain distance, and repeating the process from B to F, wherein the whole testing process is firstly deep and then shallow until the shearing test of the whole hole is completed, so as to obtain the shearing value of the whole drilling hole.
Referring to fig. 6, the example was run as follows for a continuous borehole shear test:
A. placing the device to the bottom of the hole: firstly, drilling a hole to an initial design depth (namely an initial test depth) at an exploration point by adopting a drilling method, and taking a drill bit or an earth sampler out of the ground; the upper coupling 11 of the device is screwed and connected with the male coupling hoop of the drill rod by adopting a drilling machine or hoisting equipment, and the drill rod is added section by section to enable the device to be close to the bottom of a drill hole until the device is placed at the bottom of the hole (the designed depth); or the device of the utility model is put into the hole bottom along the hole wall of the drilled hole by using the lifting lugs and the steel wire rope;
B. scraping (soil removal in the range of the hole wall R): starting a host computer user mode, entering a test processing system, firstly driving a scraper telescoping system to operate, namely, calculating the telescoping distance of a lead screw 46 by a lower computer according to a received control signal and the tooth pitch of the lead screw 46, then forming a driving control signal according to the telescoping distance, transmitting the driving control signal to a stepping motor 16, driving the lead screw 46 to horizontally move by the stepping motor 16 according to the signal, and stretching a scraper 32 at the head of the lead screw 46 to gradually contact with the hole wall; then, the stepping motor 14 is driven to drive the whole scraper rotating system to rotate, the scraper 32 on the rotating system scrapes soil around the horizontal phase for 360 degrees, so that soil on the shoulder part and the hole wall of the shearing device is removed, and a smooth hole wall is formed; the shearing plate 34 on the shearing device is in uniform contact with the hole wall, so that the shearing surface is in an ideal state in the shearing process.
Where R is the radial distance between the center of the stepping motor 16 and the scraper 32, the radial distance R can be adjusted by the stepping motor 16 driving the lead screw 46.
C. Opening the shear plate: the upper computer controls the stepping motor 16 to drive the screw rod 46 to rotate reversely, the scraper 32 is retracted to a normal state, soil on the upper part of the shear plate 34 is removed (the hole wall is smooth in a period of time), the shear plate 34 on the drilling shearing device is synchronously controlled to be opened, so that the shear plate 34 is contacted with the hole wall, and the soil on the hole wall is gradually pressed and solidified;
D. drilling and shearing: the device is lifted upwards by using a ground lifting device (a drilling machine, a jack or lifting equipment), a drilling shearing test (shearing plate 34 and hole wall friction shearing) is started to be implemented, at the moment, the upper computer continuously collects a shearing stress tau value according to shearing displacement (lifting distance), and reads the tau within 4mmmixUntil the peak value, if no peak value, acquiring the maximum tau shifted to the distance of 6mmmixThe value is obtained. After the shear test is finished, the shear plate 34 is driven to retract to a normal state;
here, the values of tau are continuously acquired according to the displacement interval until tau appearsmixTau at peak or maximum displacementmixThe method is set by a host computer user mode, and is specifically carried out by referring to the specification set by the national standard geotechnical engineering investigation standard (revised in GB50021-2001,2009) or the design requirement.
F. After accomplishing above-mentioned experimental step, upwards promote a section distance with this high accuracy drilling shear test device along drilling to continue in order to carry out: and step B to step F, testing the depth first to be deep and then to be shallow until the shear test of the whole drilling hole is completed.
By way of example, if a hole is drilled to 10m, the device is placed in the bottom of the hole, and A, B, C, D is executed, firstly, the shear strength parameter at 10m is obtained; lifting the hole by 1m upwards, executing the steps B to D, obtaining the shear strength parameter at the position of 9m, and repeating the steps in the same way to finish the shear strength parameter of which the interval of the whole hole is 1m from 10m, 9m, 8m and 7m … ….
Finally, it should be noted that the shear strength parameter referred to in this example refers to the maximum shear stress tau obtained by shearing a borehole in situ, and the internal friction angle of the soil is determined according to the coulomb's law
And c value of cohesion, attributed to direct shearingA medium-speed shear test; tau means the shear stress when keeping 0.8 ~ 1.2mm/min speed shear failure or the biggest shear stress in being less than or equal to 6mm, and speed means the speed when utility model device is cuted, and 6mm means the utility model discloses the maximum distance that rises when device is cuted.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are provided only to illustrate the principles of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The high-precision drilling shearing test device is characterized by comprising
The scraper telescoping system is driven by the scraper rotating system to rotate and is controlled by the test processing system to drive the scraper to scrape soil on the hole wall to form a smooth hole wall;
the scraper rotating system is connected with the scraper telescopic system and is controlled by the test processing system to drive the scraper telescopic system to integrally rotate;
the drilling shearing device is connected with the scraper rotating system, is controlled by the test processing system, and can drive the shearing plate to be in contact with a smooth hole wall formed by the scraper telescopic system and enable a hole wall soil body to be gradually pressed and solidified;
and the test processing system controls the scraper rotating system, the scraper telescopic system and the drilling shearing device to work cooperatively to complete a field shearing test.
2. The borehole shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scraper rotation system, the scraper extension system and the borehole shear apparatus are coaxially connected in sequence.
3. The borehole shear test apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the scraper rotation system drives the scraper retraction system to rotate integrally relative to the scraper rotation system and the borehole shear.
4. The borehole shear test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the scraper rotation system comprises a first driving motor and a transmission shaft, the first driving motor is in driving connection with the scraper telescoping system through the transmission shaft, and the scraper telescoping system is integrally rotated relative to the scraper rotation system.
5. The borehole shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scraper retraction system comprises a second drive motor, a drive screw, a scraper, and a bearing assembly; the scraper telescopic system is connected with the drilling shearing device through a bearing assembly, so that the whole scraper telescopic system can rotate relative to the scraper rotating system; the second driving motor is arranged on the second bearing assembly, is connected with the scraper through the transmission lead screw and can drive the transmission lead screw to horizontally extend and retract so as to drive the scraper to move relative to the hole wall.
6. The borehole shear test device of claim 5, wherein the scraper comprises an arc-shaped support plate and a plurality of parallel scraper blades, the plurality of parallel scraper blades are fixed on the front surface of the arc-shaped support plate, and the back surface of the arc-shaped support plate is connected with the transmission screw rod.
7. The borehole shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the borehole shear apparatus is mainly formed by a shear cylinder, a shear plate, and a hydraulic driving mechanism, the hydraulic driving mechanism is disposed in the shear cylinder and is drivingly connected to the shear plate, and the shear plate is driven to horizontally extend and retract relative to the shear cylinder.
8. The borehole shear test apparatus of claim 7, wherein two shear plates are symmetrically disposed in the borehole shear apparatus and are synchronously driven by a hydraulic drive mechanism.
9. The borehole shear test apparatus of claim 7, wherein a shoe is provided at the bottom of the borehole shear apparatus.
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| CN201920387461.7U CN210322636U (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | High-precision drilling shearing testing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110186780A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-08-30 | 中交第三航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | A kind of high-precision borehole shear test apparatus and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110186780A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-08-30 | 中交第三航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | A kind of high-precision borehole shear test apparatus and method |
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