CN113931076A - Bridge deck prefabrication and installation construction method for steel plate combined beam bridge transition section - Google Patents
Bridge deck prefabrication and installation construction method for steel plate combined beam bridge transition section Download PDFInfo
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- CN113931076A CN113931076A CN202111322542.7A CN202111322542A CN113931076A CN 113931076 A CN113931076 A CN 113931076A CN 202111322542 A CN202111322542 A CN 202111322542A CN 113931076 A CN113931076 A CN 113931076A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for prefabricating and installing a bridge deck at a transition section of a steel plate composite beam bridge, which aims to improve the prefabrication and installation of the bridge deck at the transition section of the steel plate composite beam bridge, reduce the manufacturing cost of a template, reduce the problems of installation conflict and the like, and mainly comprises the following two aspects: firstly, as the types of the bridge deck plates of the gradual change section are more, the types of the steel moulds which need to be shaped are more, the manufacturing cost of the templates is increased, and the customized quantity of the templates is reasonably solved by optimizing the templates, changing the positions of the adjusting blocks and the detachable bolting mode of the side moulds in order to reduce the cost; and secondly, the transverse steel bar positioning comb plate is bolted on the bottom die of the bridge deck plate, so that the position precision of the transverse steel bar is improved, and the collision of the wet joint steel bar is reduced, thereby solving the difficulty in mounting the bridge deck plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering construction, in particular to a construction method for prefabricating and installing a bridge deck at a transition section of a steel plate combined beam bridge.
Background
With the development of society and economy, building technologies based on standardization, assembly and informatization have become the first choice when people construct civil buildings and transportation facilities. The bridge rapid construction technology based on the prefabricated assembly technology is adopted in the bridge field, and the bridge rapid construction technology has a remarkable improvement effect on the problems that the construction quality is difficult to guarantee, the environmental protection problem is prominent, and the construction progress is slow in the existing middle and small span bridge construction process. Based on the method, the medium and small-span steel plate combined beam bridge and the bridge rapid construction technology are fused, the rapid construction technology concept of the medium and small-span steel plate combined beam bridge is provided, and deep research is conducted on the aspects of the standardized structure, the basic mechanical property and the economy of the medium and small-span steel plate combined beam. The steel plate composite beam is formed by combining a prefabricated bridge deck and an I-shaped steel beam. The steel plate composite beam structure is beneficial to saving the construction period, mechanization and factory production of production, quickens the construction progress, shortens the construction period and ensures the construction efficiency. The steel plate composite beam structure can improve the durability of quality, and because the design, production and installation adopt standardized construction methods, the construction environment is good, the construction quality is favorably controlled, the modularization and standardization of components can be realized, and the maintainability is strong. The steel plate composite beam structure is beneficial to environmental protection, can greatly reduce the dust amount on a construction site, has less construction noise and little damage to the environment, and can obviously improve the utilization rate of resources. The steel plate composite beam structure is beneficial to reducing the construction cost, and the construction cost can be obviously reduced due to the adoption of mechanical and factory operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a construction method for prefabricating and installing a bridge deck at a transition section of a steel plate composite beam bridge.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the prefabricated installation construction method of the bridge deck at the transition section of the steel plate composite beam bridge is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps of:
first, the technological process and the operational key points
(1) Process flow
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: construction preparation;
s2: cleaning and installing a template;
s3: arranging reinforcing steel bars and corrugated pipes;
s4: pouring concrete;
s5: tensioning and grouting;
s6: hoisting the bridge deck and transporting to a storage site;
(2) bridge deck prefabrication
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
making and installing template
② making safety by reinforcing steel bar
③ installation of corrugated pipe
Fourthly, pouring concrete
Prestressed tension
Pressing slurry,
(3) Bridge deck installation
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
process flow
② arrangement of hoisting points and slings
Step and method for operating hoisting process of prefabricated slab
Fourthly, the installation is in place
Second, the bright spot of the working method
(1) The prefabricated bridge deck with the gradual change section is positioned on the variable cross-section steel plate girder, the types are various, the requirements on the size and the type of the template are more, the utilization rate of the template is low, and the one-time investment of the template is large;
according to the method, optimization measures of shaping bottom templates and adjusting blocks are adopted for 216 kinds of variable cross-section prefabricated bridge floors, and only 25 sets of templates need to be processed after optimization, so that the cost of the templates is reduced;
(2) the prefabricated bridge deck slab of gradual change section is vertical wet seam for d20 reinforcing bar, and horizontal wet seam is d16 reinforcing bar, U type structure, and end department interval is 6cm, and middle interval is 10 cm. During construction, the distance precision of the lapped reinforcing steel bars of the wet joints is difficult to control, the collision of the reinforcing steel bars of the wet joints is easy to cause, and the bridge deck cannot be accurately positioned;
template processing is carried out strictly according to a design drawing, and by adding the transverse steel bar positioning comb plate, the steel bar positioning precision is improved, and the subsequent installation trouble is reduced;
quality control
(1) Perfecting the quality inspection system and strictly closing the quality
(2) Practically ready for construction bottom-crossing work
(3) The detection work is done carefully
(4) On duty of various professional staffs
Fourth, safety measure
Five, environmental protection measures
Sixth, benefit analysis
(1) Technical benefits
(2) Economic benefits
(3) Social benefits.
Preferably, for the manufacturing and installation of the template, the specific construction process is as follows:
A. the bridge deck template bottom die is arranged on a prefabricated plate making pedestal;
B. hoisting and installing a template comb plate and a steel end (a blanking plate) by using a gantry crane, firstly placing an end mould, and then installing a side mould;
C. the upper parts of the templates on two sides are fixed through the counter-pulling screw rods, the width of the upper opening is controlled, and the templates are fixed on the pedestal through the top support of the wood wedges at the lower parts;
D. after the side mold is erected, the side mold is connected and tensioned with a retaining ring of the working platform by a pull rod, so that the side mold is fixed in position and is prevented from deviating. The joint of the side die and the end die is a weak part, the relative position of the side die and the end die needs to be adjusted for multiple times, and the side die and the end die are stuck and blocked by adhesive tapes, so that the joint is tight, and the leakage of slurry from corner joints is strictly prevented;
E. after installation, the length, width and height dimensions and the end angle in the mold are checked.
Preferably, for the installation of the bridge deck, the method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: transporting the bridge deck;
s2: the crane is in place;
s3: constructing a rubber strip and mortar on the top surface of the steel beam;
s4: hoisting the bridge deck;
s5: the bridge deck is in place;
s6: constructing a wet joint and a shear groove;
s7: and (5) tensioning and grouting to seal the wall.
Preferably, the concrete operation process of the hoisting process operation steps and the method of the precast slab is briefly described as follows:
A. positioning of a crane and a beam loading vehicle: the crane is positioned at the north side of the plate to be hoisted, and the gun carriage transports the precast slab to the vicinity of the crane through a construction access for installation;
B. hoisting in a trial manner: hoisting the precast slabs on the trolley by a crane, driving the flat car away from a place in place, lifting the beam off the ground for 10 centimeters, statically hoisting for 10 minutes in a trial mode, and performing formal hoisting after the safety and reliability of each part are confirmed;
C. and (3) formal hoisting: under the unified command of a hoisting commander, a crane lifts the prefabricated beam off, when the hoisting height of the prefabricated beam exceeds the top surface of the steel plate beam, the truck crane slowly inclines to rotate the arm, after the beam obliquely passes through the suspension arm, the suspension arm is rotated to correct the position of the installed beam, the beam is translated to the installation position and falls to the proper position, the installation alignment line is aligned and then the hook is loosened when the bridge deck falls to the top 10cm of the steel plate beam during hoisting, and the process is repeated until the prefabricated beam is aligned to the proper position. After the bridge deck is in place, whether the stress is uniform or not is immediately checked, if the stress is not uniform, the bridge deck must be hoisted and replayed until the stress is uniform, the stability of the bridge deck is ensured, and the phenomenon of prying is avoided.
Preferably, for mounting in place, the following steps are essentially involved:
s1: the installation of the bridge deck is sequentially installed from one end of the bridge span to the other end, a single crane is adopted to slowly hoist the bridge deck above the steel main beam during installation, and workers at two sides pull the hauling ropes to align the shearing force groove position and slowly fall down;
s2: the whole of the bridge deck wet joint lapped reinforcing steel bars is staggered by 3cm, the bridge deck wet joint lapped reinforcing steel bars are hoisted and rotated by 180 degrees, the bridge deck wet joint lapped reinforcing steel bars are in staggered lap joint, after a single bridge deck is installed in place, the deviation of the installed axis, the lap joint of the wet joint reinforcing steel bars, the elevation and the longitudinal and transverse slopes are retested in time, and the correction is carried out in time, so that the phenomenon that the lower plate cannot be installed due to large deviation after being installed is avoided;
s3: the installation accuracy of the bridge deck slab is controlled by the position of the shear groove, the wet joint reinforcing steel bars are matched, in order to ensure the installation accuracy, the reinforcing steel bars and the prestressed steel beams are firstly controlled to be accurately positioned, the drawing is strictly rechecked, and errors caused by the design drawing problem are avoided. Secondly, the construction quality is controlled, particularly, the construction quality is strengthened on the customization of a template, the installation of reinforcing steel bars and prestressed steel beams and the vibration of concrete, the oversize size is avoided, the position of a shear groove installed on a steel plate combination beam is accurately required by the reinforcing steel bar combination beam, the distance of shear nails is strictly controlled, and the size and the position of the shear groove and a shear nail group are rechecked by comparing a steel structure drawing with a bridge deck drawing, so that the prior control is performed.
Preferably, the following aspects are mainly included for the safety measures:
(1) the method carries out the policy of 'first safety and first prevention in advance' seriously, organizes full-time safety personnel and equipment management and operation responsible personnel to participate in the safety production management training according to the relevant national regulations and by combining the actual conditions of construction units and the specific characteristics of engineering, executes the safety production responsibility system and determines the responsibility of each level of personnel;
(2) the working site should be flat and firm and have drainage measures, and sufficient lighting equipment should be arranged for night work. Strictly forbidding operation under the power transmission line;
(3) during hoisting operation, people cannot stand and pass under the heavy object, and hoisting equipment is strictly forbidden to hoist people in any situation. And strictly prohibiting diagonal pulling, oblique hoisting and hoisting to bury underground and solidify heavy objects on the ground. The hanging is stable, the hanging position is correct or at the marked position, and the included angle between the steel wire rope and the hung object is more than 45 degrees;
(4) the used steel wire rope must have the quality certification of a factory, and the specification and model of the steel wire rope must meet the technical requirements of the hoisting machinery. The steel wire rope cannot be looped, knotted, bent and provided with a joint;
(5) in order to ensure the safety of constructors and masses, lighting, protection, warning signals and watchmen are arranged in necessary places and time;
(6) safety factors are placed at important positions on a construction scheme and a technical cross-over, safety technical cross-over and safety education are carried out before starting work, safety production inspection is carried out during construction, the discovered potential safety hazards are corrected in a limited period, and a safety production evaluation system is carried out after completion;
(7) when power equipment, high-voltage electric lines, underground pipelines, pressure vessels, flammable and explosive materials, toxic and harmful materials and the like are encountered in construction, reliable safety protection measures are adopted according to design requirements or construction units are reported to ensure construction safety;
(8) the gantry crane is arranged in a precast yard and is specially used for hoisting when a box girder in the precast yard moves, the gantry crane belongs to special equipment for hoisting a large bridge, hoisting operation needs to be clearly divided into workers and uniformly directed, and a full-time commander, a full-time operator, a full-time electrician and a full-time safety inspector are arranged. Before construction, the participants should be handed over with safety technology, and strict construction organization and precautionary measures are provided to ensure the construction safety. Before the gantry crane is used, the gantry crane must be put into use after being comprehensively checked and lifted by local related security departments and handling acceptance certificates;
(9) when in hoisting operation, a safety warning board is arranged on a construction site, a safety protection area with the radius not less than 1.5 times of the highest height of the mast of the crane is arranged, and a warning line is arranged at the edge of the area so that non-operating personnel can not enter the safety protection area.
Preferably, for environmental protection measures, the following aspects are mainly included:
(1) the knowledge propaganda of civilized environmental protection construction is enhanced, and the ecological environment is practically protected as an important content of the civilized construction;
(2) during construction, the beam conveying plate channel is frequently inspected, maintained and maintained, and the weather is ensured to be unobstructed, and the weather is cold and warm;
(3) the materials and equipment in the construction site are stacked orderly, and the materials which are easy to fly are covered tightly by the tarpaulin;
(4) the garbage on the bridge floor is collected in a centralized way and treated uniformly, and cannot be thrown randomly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the bridge deck slab with the gradual change section of the steel plate combination beam in the project has multiple types and large quantity, the regulating blocks are assembled and welded on the flat bed die according to the design structural form of the bridge deck slab with the gradual change section by adopting a method of regulating blocks of the bridge deck slab die to form a bottom die rib plate, the regulating blocks are of wedge-shaped plug ruler type structures, and the customization quantity of the variable cross-section formwork is effectively reduced, the project cost is reduced, and the prefabrication efficiency of the variable cross-section bridge deck slab is greatly improved by changing the positions of the regulating blocks;
2. the project adopts an assembled type steel bar positioning comb plate form, and the comb plate and the end dies are connected on the periphery of the bottom die through bolts according to the size of the bridge deck to form the bridge deck side die plate with the gradual change section, so that the installation efficiency of the side die and the accuracy of the wet joint steel bars pre-embedded between the bridge decks are greatly improved, the conflict generated by the installation of the bridge deck with the gradual change section is avoided, the problem that the bridge deck cannot be normally installed due to the lap joint of the wet joint steel bars is solved, and the project cost generated due to rework is reduced;
3. this project bridge structures transition selects for use simple steel sheet composite beam, has solved the problem that the box girder can not control the linear camber of bridge structures at transition, and the decking is prefabricated through the back yard and is accomplished hoist and mount to the steel girder, is connected with the steel girder through the shear force nail, and the board-roof beam is whole through watering the seam formation after, has improved overall stability and installation effectiveness, has practiced thrift the occupation of construction site, provides the guarantee for other process constructions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a construction method for prefabricating a bridge deck;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram for the installation of a bridge deck;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a suspension point of the bridge deck;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a bridge deck drop point;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a bridge deck suspension point;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a decking template configuration;
FIG. 7 is an elevation view of a decking template construction;
FIG. 8 is a transverse wedge rib plate of the bottom die;
FIG. 9 is a transverse wedge rib plate of the bottom die;
FIG. 10 shows a vertical wedge rib of the bottom die.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution: the prefabricated installation construction method of the bridge deck at the transition section of the steel plate composite beam bridge is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps of:
first, the technological process and the operational key points
(1) Process flow
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: construction preparation;
s2: cleaning and installing a template;
s3: arranging reinforcing steel bars and corrugated pipes;
s4: pouring concrete;
s5: tensioning and grouting;
s6: hoisting the bridge deck and transporting to a storage site;
(2) bridge deck prefabrication
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
making and installing template
The concrete construction process is as follows:
A. the bridge deck template bottom die is arranged on a prefabricated plate making pedestal;
B. hoisting and installing a template comb plate and a steel end (a blanking plate) by using a gantry crane, firstly placing an end mould, and then installing a side mould;
C. the upper parts of the templates on two sides are fixed through the counter-pulling screw rods, the width of the upper opening is controlled, and the templates are fixed on the pedestal through the top support of the wood wedges at the lower parts;
D. after the side mold is erected, the side mold is connected and tensioned with a retaining ring of the working platform by a pull rod, so that the side mold is fixed in position and is prevented from deviating. The joint of the side die and the end die is a weak part, the relative position of the side die and the end die needs to be adjusted for multiple times, and the side die and the end die are stuck and blocked by adhesive tapes, so that the joint is tight, and the leakage of slurry from corner joints is strictly prevented;
E. after installation, checking the length, width and height dimensions and the end angle in the die;
② making safety by reinforcing steel bar
③ installation of corrugated pipe
Fourthly, pouring concrete
Prestressed tension
Pressing slurry,
(3) Bridge deck installation
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
process flow
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: transporting the bridge deck;
s2: the crane is in place;
s3: constructing a rubber strip and mortar on the top surface of the steel beam;
s4: hoisting the bridge deck;
s5: the bridge deck is in place;
s6: constructing a wet joint and a shear groove;
s7: tensioning and grouting to seal the wall;
② arrangement of hoisting points and slings
Step and method for operating hoisting process of prefabricated slab
The specific operation process is briefly described as follows:
A. positioning of a crane and a beam loading vehicle: the crane is positioned at the north side of the plate to be hoisted, and the gun carriage transports the precast slab to the vicinity of the crane through a construction access for installation;
B. hoisting in a trial manner: hoisting the precast slabs on the trolley by a crane, driving the flat car away from a place in place, lifting the beam off the ground for 10 centimeters, statically hoisting for 10 minutes in a trial mode, and performing formal hoisting after the safety and reliability of each part are confirmed;
C. and (3) formal hoisting: under the unified command of a hoisting commander, a crane lifts the prefabricated beam off, when the hoisting height of the prefabricated beam exceeds the top surface of the steel plate beam, the truck crane slowly inclines to rotate the arm, after the beam obliquely passes through the suspension arm, the suspension arm is rotated to correct the position of the installed beam, the beam is translated to the installation position and falls to the proper position, the installation alignment line is aligned and then the hook is loosened when the bridge deck falls to the top 10cm of the steel plate beam during hoisting, and the process is repeated until the prefabricated beam is aligned to the proper position. After the bridge deck is in place, whether stress is uniform or not is immediately checked, if the stress is not uniform, the bridge deck must be hoisted and replayed until the stress is uniform, the stability of the bridge deck is ensured, and the phenomenon of prying is avoided;
fourthly, the installation is in place
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: the installation of the bridge deck is sequentially installed from one end of the bridge span to the other end, a single crane is adopted to slowly hoist the bridge deck above the steel main beam during installation, and workers at two sides pull the hauling ropes to align the shearing force groove position and slowly fall down;
s2: the whole of the bridge deck wet joint lapped reinforcing steel bars is staggered by 3cm, the bridge deck wet joint lapped reinforcing steel bars are hoisted and rotated by 180 degrees, the bridge deck wet joint lapped reinforcing steel bars are in staggered lap joint, after a single bridge deck is installed in place, the deviation of the installed axis, the lap joint of the wet joint reinforcing steel bars, the elevation and the longitudinal and transverse slopes are retested in time, and the correction is carried out in time, so that the phenomenon that the lower plate cannot be installed due to large deviation after being installed is avoided;
s3: the installation accuracy of the bridge deck slab is controlled by the position of the shear groove, the wet joint reinforcing steel bars are matched, in order to ensure the installation accuracy, the reinforcing steel bars and the prestressed steel beams are firstly controlled to be accurately positioned, the drawing is strictly rechecked, and errors caused by the design drawing problem are avoided. Secondly, controlling the construction quality, particularly, reinforcing the template in the customization, the installation of the steel bars and the prestressed steel beams and the vibration of concrete to avoid overlarge size, accurately requiring the position of the shear groove installed on the steel plate combination beam by the latter, strictly controlling the distance of the shear nails, and performing prior control by comparing the drawing of the steel structure with the drawing of the bridge deck and rechecking the size and the position of the shear groove and the shear nail group;
second, the bright spot of the working method
(1) The prefabricated bridge deck with the gradual change section is positioned on the variable cross-section steel plate girder, the types are various, the requirements on the size and the type of the template are more, the utilization rate of the template is low, and the one-time investment of the template is large;
according to the method, optimization measures of shaping bottom templates and adjusting blocks are adopted for 216 kinds of variable cross-section prefabricated bridge floors, and only 25 sets of templates need to be processed after optimization, so that the cost of the templates is reduced;
(2) the prefabricated bridge deck slab of gradual change section is vertical wet seam for d20 reinforcing bar, and horizontal wet seam is d16 reinforcing bar, U type structure, and end department interval is 6cm, and middle interval is 10 cm. During construction, the distance precision of the lapped reinforcing steel bars of the wet joints is difficult to control, the collision of the reinforcing steel bars of the wet joints is easy to cause, and the bridge deck cannot be accurately positioned;
template processing is carried out strictly according to a design drawing, and by adding the transverse steel bar positioning comb plate, the steel bar positioning precision is improved, and the subsequent installation trouble is reduced;
quality control
(1) Perfecting the quality inspection system and strictly closing the quality
(2) Practically ready for construction bottom-crossing work
(3) The detection work is done carefully
(4) On duty of various professional staffs
Fourth, safety measure
Mainly comprises the following aspects:
(1) the method carries out the policy of 'first safety and first prevention in advance' seriously, organizes full-time safety personnel and equipment management and operation responsible personnel to participate in the safety production management training according to the relevant national regulations and by combining the actual conditions of construction units and the specific characteristics of engineering, executes the safety production responsibility system and determines the responsibility of each level of personnel;
(2) the working site should be flat and firm and have drainage measures, and sufficient lighting equipment should be arranged for night work. Strictly forbidding operation under the power transmission line;
(3) during hoisting operation, people cannot stand and pass under the heavy object, and hoisting equipment is strictly forbidden to hoist people in any situation. And strictly prohibiting diagonal pulling, oblique hoisting and hoisting to bury underground and solidify heavy objects on the ground. The hanging is stable, the hanging position is correct or at the marked position, and the included angle between the steel wire rope and the hung object is more than 45 degrees;
(4) the used steel wire rope must have the quality certification of a factory, and the specification and model of the steel wire rope must meet the technical requirements of the hoisting machinery. The steel wire rope cannot be looped, knotted, bent and provided with a joint;
(5) in order to ensure the safety of constructors and masses, lighting, protection, warning signals and watchmen are arranged in necessary places and time;
(6) safety factors are placed at important positions on a construction scheme and a technical cross-over, safety technical cross-over and safety education are carried out before starting work, safety production inspection is carried out during construction, the discovered potential safety hazards are corrected in a limited period, and a safety production evaluation system is carried out after completion;
(7) when power equipment, high-voltage electric lines, underground pipelines, pressure vessels, flammable and explosive materials, toxic and harmful materials and the like are encountered in construction, reliable safety protection measures are adopted according to design requirements or construction units are reported to ensure construction safety;
(8) the gantry crane is arranged in a precast yard and is specially used for hoisting when a box girder in the precast yard moves, the gantry crane belongs to special equipment for hoisting a large bridge, hoisting operation needs to be clearly divided into workers and uniformly directed, and a full-time commander, a full-time operator, a full-time electrician and a full-time safety inspector are arranged. Before construction, the participants should be handed over with safety technology, and strict construction organization and precautionary measures are provided to ensure the construction safety. Before the gantry crane is used, the gantry crane must be put into use after being comprehensively checked and lifted by local related security departments and handling acceptance certificates;
(9) when in hoisting operation, a safety warning board is arranged on a construction site, a safety protection area with the radius not less than 1.5 times of the highest height of a crane mast is arranged, and a warning line is arranged at the edge of the area, so that non-operating personnel cannot enter the safety protection area;
five, environmental protection measures
Mainly comprises the following aspects:
(1) the knowledge propaganda of civilized environmental protection construction is enhanced, and the ecological environment is practically protected as an important content of the civilized construction;
(2) during construction, the beam conveying plate channel is frequently inspected, maintained and maintained, and the weather is ensured to be unobstructed, and the weather is cold and warm;
(3) the materials and equipment in the construction site are stacked orderly, and the materials which are easy to fly are covered tightly by the tarpaulin;
(4) the garbage on the bridge floor is collected in a centralized way and treated uniformly, and cannot be thrown randomly;
sixth, benefit analysis
(1) Technical benefits
(2) Economic benefits
Taking the application example of the construction method, prefabricating the variable cross-section bridge deck of the diamond overpass with the stone connecting lines as an example, after the construction of the bridge deck with the standard size of 15.75m is completed, changing the position and the angle of the wedge block on the basis of the large flat bottom formwork of the bridge deck formwork with the maximum length of 17.25m to realize different changes of the size of the bridge deck;
this engineering decking carries out the template customization according to every transition section decking, need 40 sets of according to the decking purchase template of different cross-sections, and the concrete combination of template is:
type A: an A1 customized template 6 set with L × B = (15.75-17.25 m) × 3.2 m; l × B = (11.25 m-15.75 m) × 3.2m A2 custom template 4 sets; l × B = (9.75 m-11.25 m) × 3.2m A3 custom template 2 sets;
(3) social benefits.
Example 2:
this engineering decking carries out the template customization according to every transition section decking, need 40 sets of according to the decking purchase template of different cross-sections, and the concrete combination of template is:
type B: a B1 type customized template 10 set with L × B = (15.75 m-17.25 m) × 3 m; l × B = (11.25 m-15.75 m) × 3m B2 custom template 4 sets; l × B = (9.75 m-11.25 m) × 3m B3 custom template 4 sets;
type C: 4 sets of C1 custom templates of L × B = (15.75 m-17.25 m) × 2.5 m; l × B = (11.25 m-15.75 m) C2 customized template 4 sets; l × B = (9.75 m-11.25 m) × 2.5m C3 custom template 2 sets;
wherein the average single set of the A type customized templates is 10.7t, the average single set of the B type customized templates is 10.4t, the average single set of the C type customized templates is 10t, the cumulative total weight G =10.7 × 12+10.4 × 18+10 × 10=415.6t, the cumulative cost C =415.6 × 6700/10000=278.45 ten thousand yuan per ton according to the purchase contract price of the template manufacturer;
because the purchased template cost is large and the owner does not agree that the template cost is the measure cost for independently opening the project, the cost expenditure of the project is greatly increased. Meanwhile, the number of the bridge decks of the project is 1636, and the project can meet the requirement of the construction period only by keeping normal production of more than 6 pieces every day on the limitation of various factors such as contract construction period, beam storage platform seats, beam yard sites, steel bar installation, template installation, concrete pouring and maintenance period, so that the conversion of the variable cross-section templates is realized by changing the positions of the wedge blocks under the guidance of company leaders through the careful analysis of project members, and only 25 sets of combined templates are required to be purchased. The variable cross-section combined template is designed to be purchased according to the maximum plate length of 17.25 m;
wherein: 7 sets of A-type flat plate bottom dies with L multiplied by B =17.25m multiplied by 3.2m, 7 sets of matched wedge blocks, comb plate side dies and blanking plates; 10 sleeves of a B-type flat bottom die with L multiplied by B =17.25m multiplied by 3m, 10 sleeves of a matched wedge block, a comb plate side die and a blanking plate; 8 sleeves of a C-type flat plate bottom die with L multiplied by B =17.25m multiplied by 2.5m, 8 sleeves of a matched wedge block, a comb plate side die and a blanking plate; the system comprises a type A combined template single sleeve 11t, a type B combined template single sleeve 10.6t, a type C combined template single sleeve 10.2t, a cumulative total weight G =11 × 7+10.6 × 10+10.2 × 8=264.6t, and a cumulative cost C, =264.6 × 6700/10000=177.28 ten thousand yuan per ton according to the purchase contract price of a template manufacturer;
through the use of the matched wedge-shaped block, the comb plate side die and the plug plate, a template 25 sleeve needs to be purchased, and the cost is saved by 278.45-177.28=101.17 ten thousand yuan.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The prefabricated installation construction method of the bridge deck at the transition section of the steel plate composite beam bridge is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps of:
first, the technological process and the operational key points
(1) Process flow
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: construction preparation;
s2: cleaning and installing a template;
s3: arranging reinforcing steel bars and corrugated pipes;
s4: pouring concrete;
s5: tensioning and grouting;
s6: hoisting the bridge deck and transporting to a storage site;
(2) bridge deck prefabrication
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
making and installing template
② making safety by reinforcing steel bar
③ installation of corrugated pipe
Fourthly, pouring concrete
Prestressed tension
Pressing slurry,
(3) Bridge deck installation
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
process flow
② arrangement of hoisting points and slings
Step and method for operating hoisting process of prefabricated slab
Fourthly, the installation is in place
Second, the bright spot of the working method
(1) The prefabricated bridge deck with the gradual change section is positioned on the variable cross-section steel plate girder, the types are various, the requirements on the size and the type of the template are more, the utilization rate of the template is low, and the one-time investment of the template is large;
according to the method, optimization measures of shaping bottom templates and adjusting blocks are adopted for 216 kinds of variable cross-section prefabricated bridge floors, and only 25 sets of templates need to be processed after optimization, so that the cost of the templates is reduced;
(2) the longitudinal wet joint of the prefabricated bridge deck slab with the gradual change section is a d20 steel bar, the transverse wet joint is a d16 steel bar, the distance between the ends of the prefabricated bridge deck slab is 6cm, the distance between the ends of the prefabricated bridge deck slab is 10cm, the distance between the adjacent ends of the prefabricated bridge deck slab is a U-shaped structure, and during construction, the distance between the overlapped steel bars of the wet joints is difficult to control, so that the steel bars of the wet joints are easy to collide, and the bridge deck slab cannot be accurately positioned;
template processing is carried out strictly according to a design drawing, and by adding the transverse steel bar positioning comb plate, the steel bar positioning precision is improved, and the subsequent installation trouble is reduced;
quality control
(1) Perfecting the quality inspection system and strictly closing the quality
(2) Practically ready for construction bottom-crossing work
(3) The detection work is done carefully
(4) On duty of various professional staffs
Fourth, safety measure
Five, environmental protection measures
Sixth, benefit analysis
(1) Technical benefits
(2) Economic benefits
(3) Social benefits.
2. The prefabrication and installation construction method of the bridge deck at the gradual change section of the steel plate composite beam bridge, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: for the template manufacturing and installation, the concrete construction process is as follows:
A. the bridge deck template bottom die is arranged on a prefabricated plate making pedestal;
B. hoisting and installing a template comb plate and a steel end (a blanking plate) by using a gantry crane, firstly placing an end mould, and then installing a side mould;
C. the upper parts of the templates on two sides are fixed through the counter-pulling screw rods, the width of the upper opening is controlled, and the templates are fixed on the pedestal through the top support of the wood wedges at the lower parts;
D. after the side mold is erected, the side mold is connected and tightened with a retaining ring of the working platform by a pull rod to fix the position of the side mold so as to prevent the side mold from deviating,
the joint of the side die and the end die is a weak part, the relative position of the side die and the end die needs to be adjusted for multiple times, and the side die and the end die are stuck and blocked by adhesive tapes, so that the joint is tight, and the leakage of slurry from corner joints is strictly prevented;
E. after installation, the length, width and height dimensions and the end angle in the mold are checked.
3. The prefabrication and installation construction method of the bridge deck at the gradual change section of the steel plate composite beam bridge, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: for the installation of the bridge deck, the method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: transporting the bridge deck;
s2: the crane is in place;
s3: constructing a rubber strip and mortar on the top surface of the steel beam;
s4: hoisting the bridge deck;
s5: the bridge deck is in place;
s6: constructing a wet joint and a shear groove;
s7: and (5) tensioning and grouting to seal the wall.
4. The prefabrication and installation construction method of the bridge deck at the gradual change section of the steel plate composite beam bridge, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concrete operation steps and method of the hoisting process of the precast slab are briefly described as follows:
A. positioning of a crane and a beam loading vehicle: the crane is positioned at the north side of the plate to be hoisted, and the gun carriage transports the precast slab to the vicinity of the crane through a construction access for installation;
B. hoisting in a trial manner: hoisting the precast slabs on the trolley by a crane, driving the flat car away from a place in place, lifting the beam off the ground for 10 centimeters, statically hoisting for 10 minutes in a trial mode, and performing formal hoisting after the safety and reliability of each part are confirmed;
C. and (3) formal hoisting: under the unified command of a hoisting commander, a crane lifts the prefabricated plate off, when the hoisting height of the prefabricated plate exceeds the top surface of the steel plate beam, the truck crane slowly inclines to rotate the arm, after the beam obliquely passes through the suspension arm, the suspension arm is rotated to correct the position of the installed beam, the beam is translated to the installation position and falls to the proper position, when the bridge deck falls to the top 10cm of the steel plate beam during hoisting, the installation alignment line is aligned and then the hook is loosened, the operation is repeated until the bridge deck is aligned to the proper position, and after the bridge deck is in position, whether the stress is uniform or not is immediately checked, if the stress is not uniform, the prefabricated plate must be lifted and replayed until the stress is uniform, the stability of the bridge deck is ensured, and the phenomenon of prying is not generated.
5. The prefabrication and installation construction method of the bridge deck at the gradual change section of the steel plate composite beam bridge, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: for mounting in place, the following steps are mainly included:
s1: the installation of the bridge deck is sequentially installed from one end of the bridge span to the other end, a single crane is adopted to slowly hoist the bridge deck above the steel main beam during installation, and workers at two sides pull the hauling ropes to align the shearing force groove position and slowly fall down;
s2: the whole of the bridge deck wet joint lapped reinforcing steel bars is staggered by 3cm, the bridge deck wet joint lapped reinforcing steel bars are hoisted and rotated by 180 degrees, the bridge deck wet joint lapped reinforcing steel bars are in staggered lap joint, after a single bridge deck is installed in place, the deviation of the installed axis, the lap joint of the wet joint reinforcing steel bars, the elevation and the longitudinal and transverse slopes are retested in time, and the correction is carried out in time, so that the phenomenon that the lower plate cannot be installed due to large deviation after being installed is avoided;
s3: the installation accuracy of the bridge deck slab is controlled by the position of the shear groove, the wet joint reinforcing steel bars are matched, in order to ensure the installation accuracy, the positioning of the reinforcing steel bars and the prestressed steel beams is controlled accurately at first, the drawing is rechecked strictly, errors caused by design drawing problems are avoided, the construction quality is controlled secondly, particularly, the template is customized, the reinforcing steel bars and the prestressed steel beams are installed, the concrete vibration is strengthened, the overlarge size is avoided, the latter has accurate requirements on the position of the shear groove installed on the steel plate combination beam, the space of the shear nails is strictly controlled, the size and the position of the shear groove and the shear nail group are rechecked by comparing the drawings of the steel structure and the bridge deck slab, and the prior control is performed.
6. The prefabrication and installation construction method of the bridge deck at the gradual change section of the steel plate composite beam bridge, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: for the safety measures, the following aspects are mainly included:
(1) the method carries out the policy of 'first safety and first prevention in advance' seriously, organizes full-time safety personnel and equipment management and operation responsible personnel to participate in the safety production management training according to the relevant national regulations and by combining the actual conditions of construction units and the specific characteristics of engineering, executes the safety production responsibility system and determines the responsibility of each level of personnel;
(2) the working site is flat and firm and has drainage measures, sufficient lighting equipment is required to be arranged for night operation, and operation under a power transmission line is strictly forbidden;
(3) during hoisting operation, personnel cannot stand and pass under the heavy object, hoisting equipment is strictly forbidden no matter how to hoist the personnel, the heavy object buried underground and solidified on the ground is strictly forbidden to be obliquely pulled, obliquely hoisted and hoisted, the hoisting is stable, the hoisting position is correct or on the marked position, and the included angle between a steel wire rope and the hoisted object is more than 45 degrees;
(4) the used steel wire rope must have the quality certification of a factory, the specification and the model of the steel wire rope must meet the technical requirements of the hoisting machinery, and the steel wire rope must not be looped, knotted, bent and provided with a joint;
(5) in order to ensure the safety of constructors and masses, lighting, protection, warning signals and watchmen are arranged in necessary places and time;
(6) safety factors are placed at important positions on a construction scheme and a technical cross-over, safety technical cross-over and safety education are carried out before starting work, safety production inspection is carried out during construction, the discovered potential safety hazards are corrected in a limited period, and a safety production evaluation system is carried out after completion;
(7) when power equipment, high-voltage electric lines, underground pipelines, pressure vessels, flammable and explosive materials, toxic and harmful materials and the like are encountered in construction, reliable safety protection measures are adopted according to design requirements or construction units are reported to ensure construction safety;
(8) the method is characterized in that a gantry crane is arranged in a precast yard and is specially used for hoisting when box girders in the precast yard move, the gantry crane belongs to special equipment for hoisting large bridges, hoisting operation must be clearly divided into workers and uniformly directed, and a professional commander, a professional operator, a professional electrician and a professional safety inspector are arranged, before construction, safety technology is handed over to participants, strict construction organization and precautionary measures are provided, construction safety is ensured, and the gantry crane can be put into use after comprehensive inspection, trial hoisting and acceptance certification of local relevant safety departments before use;
(9) when in hoisting operation, a safety warning board is arranged on a construction site, a safety protection area with the radius not less than 1.5 times of the highest height of the mast of the crane is arranged, and a warning line is arranged at the edge of the area so that non-operating personnel can not enter the safety protection area.
7. The prefabrication and installation construction method of the bridge deck at the gradual change section of the steel plate composite beam bridge, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: for the environmental protection measure, the following aspects are mainly included:
(1) the knowledge propaganda of civilized environmental protection construction is enhanced, and the ecological environment is practically protected as an important content of the civilized construction;
(2) during construction, the beam conveying plate channel is frequently inspected, maintained and maintained, and the weather is ensured to be unobstructed, and the weather is cold and warm;
(3) the materials and equipment in the construction site are stacked orderly, and the materials which are easy to fly are covered tightly by the tarpaulin;
(4) the garbage on the bridge floor is collected in a centralized way and treated uniformly, and cannot be thrown randomly.
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| CN111186017A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-05-22 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Combined template for hollowed-out bridge panel |
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| JP6821853B1 (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-01-27 | 忠政 明里 | Formwork support structure |
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| CN108708273A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-10-26 | 重庆大学 | A kind of wet seam type of attachment of sectional type floorings |
| CN210395121U (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2020-04-24 | 中交一公局第六工程有限公司 | Steel platform combines portable thick liquid board decking construction frock of ending of broach board formula |
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| CN111186017A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-05-22 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Combined template for hollowed-out bridge panel |
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