CN113930706B - Plasma spraying fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plasma spraying fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113930706B CN113930706B CN202111027588.6A CN202111027588A CN113930706B CN 113930706 B CN113930706 B CN 113930706B CN 202111027588 A CN202111027588 A CN 202111027588A CN 113930706 B CN113930706 B CN 113930706B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/067—Metallic material containing free particles of non-metal elements, e.g. carbon, silicon, boron, phosphorus or arsenic
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Abstract
The invention provides a plasma spraying fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating and a preparation method thereof, wherein the metal alloy coating is a CuNi-based alloy coating prepared by taking CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B as a raw material and adopting high-temperature plasma jet; according to the invention, the B-containing CuNiIn alloy powder is used for carrying out plasma spraying on the surface of the pretreated substrate to prepare the coating, so that a compact CuNi-based alloy coating with low oxide content, good bonding among coating particles and high cohesive strength is formed. In addition, in the CuNi-based alloy coating prepared by the invention, the existence of B effectively improves the hardness of the coating, so that the coating has high fretting wear resistance, and the fatigue strength and the service life of the blade can be obviously improved by spraying the coating on the surface of the tenon of the blade of the gas turbine engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a plasma spraying fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fretting exists in a great amount in mechanical parts under the fastening vibration working condition, and the damage caused by the fretting exists in the fields of machinery, aerospace and the like widely in the forms of fretting wear, fretting fatigue and fretting corrosion.
For example, when the blade tenon of a gas compressor of a gas turbine engine is installed on a main shaft rotating disc to rotate at a high speed, radial load generated by centrifugal force of the blade and resistance of air in the tangential direction of the blade jointly act to generate high-frequency vibration, so that fretting wear damage is generated on the side surface of the tenon. The damage loosens the fastening, producing power loss and significant noise while possibly inducing fatigue fractures.
In response to such Fretting damage as occurs with titanium alloy blades, cuNiIn alloy powders have heretofore been used to plasma spray such alloy coatings In an atmospheric atmosphere to improve Fretting fatigue resistance of titanium alloy blades (e.g., V.Fridric, S.Fouvry, ph.Kapsa, free wear better of a Cu-Ni-In plating coating,2003, surface and coatings technology, vol.163-164, p.429-434 A.Ma, D.Liu, X.Zhang et Al, the dressing surface performance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy underfilled by micro structural of NiIn coated cemented carbide thermal characterization, 2020, tribology, V.145, 156). However, because the high-temperature molten metal particles inevitably have oxidation reaction with oxygen involved in the plasma jet in flight to introduce oxide inclusions, the oxidation of the alloy components in the spraying process leads to higher oxide content in the alloy coating, and the higher oxide content can obviously weaken the interlayer bonding force of the deposited particles in the coating. Under the abrasion condition of micromotion, the coating with higher oxide content can generate cracks which expand along the particle interface to accelerate abrasion, so that the protection life of the coating is greatly reduced; after the fretting wear falls off, the oxide in the coating can also induce the abrasive wear of the abrasive particles of the friction pair titanium alloy to increase the wear.
Therefore, how to reduce the oxide content in the CuNiIn fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating, improve the bonding strength between metal alloy coating particles and improve the coating hardness is still an important problem to be researched and solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the existing problems, the invention provides a plasma spraying fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of low bonding strength among alloy coating particles, low coating hardness and poor fretting wear resistance caused by high oxide content in a CuNi-based metal alloy coating prepared by a conventional method.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a plasma spraying fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating, which is a CuNi-based alloy coating containing B and prepared by adopting high-temperature plasma jet by taking CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B as a raw material.
Preferably, the content of the metal oxide in the metal alloy coating is 0.5% or less.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing a plasma spray fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating, the method comprising:
feeding CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B into high-temperature plasma jet, converting the metal alloy powder into high-temperature molten particles at the working temperature of the high-temperature plasma jet, and spraying the high-temperature molten particles to the surface of the metal matrix after flying for a preset distance along with high-temperature flame flow;
wherein the temperature of the high-temperature molten particles is greater than 1500 ℃.
Preferably, in the B-containing CuNiIn metal alloy powder, the content of Ni is 30-40%; the content of In is 0 to 5wt percent; the content of Cu is 55-70%.
Preferably, the content of B in the B-containing cunein metal alloy powder is 1 to 4%.
Preferably, the CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B has a metal particle diameter of 10 to 75 μm.
Preferably, in the B-containing cunein metal alloy powder, the metal particle size has a value of 20 μm to μ 45mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the CuNi-based alloy coating is 100 μm to 500 μm.
Preferably, the value of the preset distance is 60 mm-150 mm.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
and sequentially carrying out rust removal treatment, decontamination treatment, shot blasting treatment and sand blasting roughening operation on the surface of the metal matrix to be sprayed.
Compared with the prior art, the fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating sprayed by the plasma provided by the invention has the following advantages:
when the fretting wear-resistant CuNi-based metal alloy coating is prepared, a proper amount of B element is introduced into the CuNi-based alloy to serve as a spraying raw material. The participation of the element B can reduce the oxygen content of molten particles in a plasma jet environment, effectively reduce the oxidation of metal elements at high temperature, and prepare a CuNi-based alloy coating with high cohesive strength and full combination among metal particles; in addition, the existence of B in the CuNi-based alloy coating can effectively improve the hardness of the coating, so that the coating has high fretting wear resistance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a plasma sprayed fretting-resistant CuNi metal alloy coating provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a plasma sprayed fretting-resistant CuNi metal alloy coating corroded by aqua regia according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a coating prepared by using a conventional CuNiIn powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the problem of poor fretting wear resistance caused by high oxide content in the CuNi-based metal alloy coating prepared by the conventional method, the technical concept provided by the invention is as follows: adding a proper amount of B element into the CuNiIn metal alloy powder, and spraying the CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B on the surface of the metal matrix by utilizing high-temperature plasma jet to prepare the CuNi-based alloy coating. Since B element is more reductive than Cu, ni and In, B element reacts preferentially with oxygen to form B In the high-temperature plasma jet 2 O 3 Above B 2 O 3 The molten drop with boiling point is vaporized and evaporated at temperature, thereby effectively reducing the oxygen content of the molten particles in the plasma jet environment, effectively reducing the oxidation of metal elements at high temperature, and preparing the alloy deposition layer with high cohesive strength and fully combined metal particles. Meanwhile, the existence of B in the CuNi-based alloy coating can effectively improve the hardness of the coating, so that the coating has high fretting wear resistance. Based on the technical conception, the inventor provides a plasma spraying fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating and a preparation method thereof, and the specific implementation contents are as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a plasma spraying fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating, which is a CuNi-based alloy coating containing B and prepared by adopting CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B as a raw material and adopting high-temperature plasma jet.
In specific implementation, the content of the metal oxide in the metal alloy coating is less than or equal to 0.5%.
In specific implementation, the CuNiIn metal alloy powder added with a proper amount of B element is used as the powder to be sprayed, and the reducibility of the B element is stronger than that of Cu, ni and In elements, so In high-temperature plasma jet, the B element can react with oxygen preferentially to generate B 2 O 3 Consuming the oxygen introduced by the jet and being higher than B 2 O 3 The molten drop with the boiling point is vaporized and evaporated at the temperature, so that the oxygen content of the molten CuNi particles in the plasma jet environment is effectively reduced, the oxidation of metal elements at high temperature is effectively reduced, the CuNi-based alloy coating with high cohesive strength and full combination among metal particles is prepared, and the problem of poor fretting resistance of the CuNi-based alloy coating prepared in the atmosphere is solved.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a plasma sprayed fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating, comprising:
feeding the CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B into high-temperature plasma jet, converting the metal alloy powder into high-temperature molten particles at the working temperature of the high-temperature plasma jet, and spraying the high-temperature molten particles to the surface of a metal matrix after flying for a preset distance along with high-temperature flame flow;
wherein the melt particle temperature is greater than 1500 ℃.
In specific implementation, the invention selects CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B at higher temperature to be fed into high-temperature plasma jet, and B is generated by preferentially oxidizing B 2 O 3 The metal alloy powder is converted into high-temperature molten particles; when the temperature of the molten particles is more than 1860 ℃, B is achieved 2 O 3 The boiling point of (3) is the most preferable temperature because the boron oxide formed can be instantaneously and rapidly vaporized and removed.
In the specific implementation, the content of Ni in the CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B is 30-40%; the content of In is 0 to 5wt percent; the content of Cu is 55-70%.
In specific implementation, the In content In the raw material for preparing the CuNi-based alloy coating determines the preparation cost of the coating because the price of In is relatively high. Therefore, when the In content of the CuNi-based alloy coating prepared by the technical concept provided by the invention is 0%, the wear resistance of the prepared CuNi-based alloy coating is more than 7 times that of the traditional coating, and the wear resistance of the CuNi-based alloy coating is greatly improved while the protective coating with lower cost is obtained.
In a specific embodiment, the content of B in the B-containing cunin metal alloy powder may be 1 to 4%.
In a specific embodiment, the CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B has a metal particle size of 10 to 75 μm.
In a specific embodiment, the CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B has a metal particle diameter of 20 to 45 μm.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the CuNi-based alloy coating may be 100 μm to 500 μm.
In this embodiment, the value of the preset distance may be 60mm to 150mm.
In practice, the selection of the metal particle size is directly related to the selection of the high temperature melting particle temperature and the selection of the preset distance. The larger the metal particle size is, the smaller the specific surface area is, the weaker the oxidation effect is, and the slower the heating speed is, so as to achieve the optimal heating effect, in the embodiment of the invention, the CuNi-based alloy coating is prepared under the conditions that the metal particle size is controlled to be 10-75 mu m, the temperature of high-temperature molten particles of high-temperature plasma jet is more than 1500 ℃, and the value of the preset distance is 60-150 mm. In actual operation, the optimum metal particle size range is 20 μm to 45 μm, and accordingly, the temperature of the high-temperature molten particles of the high-temperature plasma jet is more than 1860 ℃.
In specific implementation, under the working temperature of high-temperature plasma jet, cuNiIn metal alloy powder contained in high-temperature flame flow is subjected to high-temperature melting to form high-temperature melting particles, and the high-temperature flame flow is sprayed on the surface of a substrate after flying for a preset distance to form the CuNi-based alloy coating. The predetermined distance of flight allows the metal powder an effective time to enter a fully molten state. The preset distance can be 60 mm-150 mm.
In specific implementation, the method further comprises:
the surface of the metal matrix to be sprayed is subjected to rust removal treatment, decontamination treatment, shot blasting treatment and sand blasting roughening operation in sequence.
In the specific implementation, rust, dirt and oil stains can cause adverse interference to the coated metal coating, particularly the adhesive force of the metal coating is reduced, so that before spraying, rust removal, dirt removal and oil removal operations need to be carried out on the substrate, the rust can be ground off by using grinding equipment in the specific operation, the rust can be removed by using acid liquor, the rust can be removed by using laser cleaning, and the dirt and the oil stains can be cleaned by using corresponding solvents.
In addition, in order to improve the adhesion of the coated metal coating, the surface of the substrate may be subjected to a sand blasting operation using a sand blasting device to improve the roughness of the surface, thereby effectively improving the adhesion.
As the surface treatment operation, the shot blasting treatment is carried out on the surface of the matrix before the sand blasting, so that the surface layer of the matrix can present a compressive stress state, and the fatigue resistance of the part is effectively improved.
The following is a detailed description of the invention when embodied:
example 1
CuNi3B powder with the particle size of 20-50 μm is adopted to carry out plasma spraying in the atmosphere of normal temperature, the electric arc power is 38kW, and the spraying distance is 80mm.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a plasma sprayed fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Observing the cross-section structure of the coating shown in FIG. 1, the CuNiB alloy coating has the advantages of compact structure, limited oxide content and full combination of particle layers.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a plasma sprayed fretting-resistant metal alloy coating corroded by aqua regia. As shown in fig. 2, after the cross-sectional corrosion of the plasma sprayed fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating provided by the embodiment of the invention, although the inside of the particle is corroded, the particle interface is not selectively corroded. This indicates that a sufficient metallurgical bond has been formed between the particles.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a coating prepared by using a conventional CuNiIn powder according to an embodiment of the present invention. The coating shown in fig. 3 was prepared using cunein powder, which is commonly used in the prior art approach, and the same conditions as for the preparation of the metal alloy coating shown in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 3, the oxide content in the cross-sectional structure of the coating was significant and the inter-particle bonding was limited. In addition, fretting wear tests show that the content of oxides in the conventional coating shown in fig. 3 prepared by means of the prior art is more than 2%, and the wear volume test result as an index of wear resistance is 6.2mm 3 (ii) a The oxide content of the coating shown in FIG. 1 disclosed by the present invention is less than 0.5%, and the wear volume under the same test conditions is only 0.85mm 3 (ii) a The wear resistance is more than 7 times of that of the traditional coating.
Example 2
CuNi3.8B powder with the granularity of 20 mm-45 mm is adopted to prepare a compact coating under the conditions that the electric arc power is 38kW and the spraying distance is 140mm, the coating bonding strength exceeds 40MPa, and the structure is compact. Tests using Ti alloy as a friction pair show that the alloy has excellent fretting wear resistance.
Example 3
CuNiIn2.5B powder with the granularity of 30-50 mm is adopted, a coating is prepared under the conditions that the electric arc power is 34kW, the spraying distance is 100mm, the molten drop temperature exceeds 1800 ℃, the bonding strength of the coating exceeds 40MPa, and the tissue is compact. The test of adopting Ti6Al4V alloy as a friction pair shows that the steel has excellent fretting wear resistance.
Example 4
CuNi1.8 powder with the granularity of 35-75 mu m is adopted, fused particles with the temperature of more than 1600 ℃ are obtained within the range of electric arc power of 45kW and spraying distance of 100-140 mm to prepare the coating, the bonding strength of the coating exceeds 40MPa, and the structure is compact. Tests using Ti alloy as a friction pair show that the alloy has excellent fretting wear resistance.
The plasma spraying fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention are described in detail, the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A plasma spraying fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating is characterized in that the metal alloy coating is a CuNi-based alloy coating containing B, which is prepared by taking CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B as a raw material and adopting high-temperature plasma jet;
wherein, in the CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B, the content of Ni is 30-40%; the content of In is 0wt% -5 wt%; the Cu content is 55-70%; the content of B is 1-4%;
in the CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B, the particle size value of metal is 10-75 μm;
under the working temperature of high-temperature plasma jet, the CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B is converted into high-temperature molten particles, flies for 60-150 mm along with high-temperature flame flow and then is sprayed onto the surface of a metal matrix;
the temperature of the high temperature molten particles is greater than 1500 ℃.
2. The metal alloy coating of claim 1, wherein the metal alloy coating has a metal oxide content of 0.5% or less.
3. A method of preparing a plasma spray fretting wear resistant metal alloy coating of claim 1, comprising:
feeding CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B into high-temperature plasma jet, converting the metal alloy powder into high-temperature molten particles at the working temperature of the high-temperature plasma jet, and spraying the high-temperature molten particles to the surface of a metal matrix after flying for a preset distance along with high-temperature flame flow;
wherein the temperature of the high-temperature molten particles is greater than 1500 ℃.
4. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the CuNiIn metal alloy powder containing B has a metal particle diameter of 20 to 45 μm.
5. A metal alloy coating according to claim 3, wherein the CuNi-based alloy coating has a thickness of 100 μ ι η to 500 μ ι η.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 3, further comprising:
and sequentially carrying out rust removal treatment, decontamination treatment, shot blasting treatment and sand blasting roughening operation on the surface of the metal matrix to be sprayed.
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| DE102009036343A1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-10 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Component with anti-fretting layer for use in e.g. gas- or aviation turbines, is formed by kinetic cold gas spraying of solid lubricant and metallic particles |
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