CN113926308A - SNCR denitration nozzle and ejection method - Google Patents
SNCR denitration nozzle and ejection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113926308A CN113926308A CN202111411511.9A CN202111411511A CN113926308A CN 113926308 A CN113926308 A CN 113926308A CN 202111411511 A CN202111411511 A CN 202111411511A CN 113926308 A CN113926308 A CN 113926308A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 140
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 49
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODUCDPQEXGNKDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrogen oxide(NO) Natural products O=N ODUCDPQEXGNKDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/79—Injecting reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration nozzle and a spraying method, wherein the SNCR denitration nozzle comprises a nozzle shell, the nozzle shell comprises a straight cylinder section and a conical cylinder section which are integrally formed, one end of the straight cylinder section forms a reducing agent solution inlet, and one end of the conical cylinder section shrinks to form a reducing agent solution nozzle along the direction far away from the straight cylinder section; the fixed block is fixed in a cavity formed by the nozzle shell; the sliding component comprises a sliding rod, a solution blocking plate, a spring and an atomization adjusting head; and the rotating part comprises a blade guide block and a rotating blade. According to the invention, through the independently adjustable reducing agent nozzle structure, the spraying flow speed and the atomizing angle of the reducing agent solution in the flue are realized under different reducing agent solution flow conditions, so that the reducing agent solution and NO in the flue gas are more favorably realizedxThe mixing of (2) increases the utilization ratio of the reducing agent solution under different loads of the boiler, improves the denitration efficiency and reduces the escape amount of ammonia.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas denitration of circulating fluidized bed boilers, and particularly relates to an SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration nozzle and a spraying method.
Background
The circulating fluidized bed boiler has the advantages of wide fuel adaptability, strong load regulation capacity, high combustion efficiency, low pollutant discharge and the like, and is rapidly developed in China in recent decades. Because of the uniform medium temperature combustion mode in the hearth of the CFB boiler and the existence of a large amount of reductive circulating materials in the boiler, the method leads the Nitrogen Oxide (NO) to be generated in the boilerx) The control of emissions has inherent advantages, typically in the case of NO in CFB boilersxThe original discharge concentration is controlled at 300mg/m3Within. With the stricter environmental protection standard in China, the new ultra-low emission requires all coal-fired units to execute NOxThe discharge concentration is not higher than 50mg/m3Ultra-low emission requirements.
Denitration of the circulating fluidized bed boiler generally adopts a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technology to carry out denitration on flue gas, and the denitration efficiency can reach 50-80%. The SNCR denitration technology has the characteristics of low investment, small modification work amount and low operation and maintenance cost, and is widely applied to denitration modification of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. Implementation of NO by SNCR systems as circulating fluidized bed boilersxThe influence factors and the operation characteristics of the important units with ultra-low emission are complex, and the SNCR systems of part of CFB boilers still have the conditions of low denitration efficiency, large reducing agent input amount and serious ammonia escape. Especially in the variable load operation stage of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, NO in the flue gasxThe concentration fluctuation is large, the control difficulty of SNCR denitration is greatly increased, and the optimization of the conventional SNCR denitration system is urgently needed.
The SNCR denitration process adopted in the circulating fluidized bed boiler generally comprises the steps of spraying ammonia water or urea solution serving as a reducing agent into an inlet flue of a cyclone separator through a nozzle, mixing the reducing agent with flue gas in the flue, and fully mixing NO in the flue gas in the cyclone separatorxReact to further react NOxReducing to harmless nitrogen. In the SNCR process, the mixing degree of the reducing agent sprayed into the flue gas and the flue gas determines the final denitration reaction effect, so the performance of the reducing agent nozzle is very important.
At present, in the SNCR denitration process adopted by the circulating fluidized bed boiler, denitration is adjusted only by changing the flow of the reducing agentParameters and reducing agent nozzles are all fixed structures, and the atomizing shape formed after the reducing agent solution is sprayed out by the nozzles cannot be adjusted. The flue gas flow rate in the flue varies greatly at different loads of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, and at 100% load of the boiler the flow rate in the flue is up to 25m/s, while at 50% load the flue gas flow rate in the flue is up to 15 m/s. In addition, due to the difference in boiler load, NO in the flue gasxThe difference in concentration is also large, NO at low loadxHigher concentration near the inside of the flue and NO at high loadxThe concentration is higher in the center of the flue. Therefore, the atomization shape of the reducing agent must be properly adjusted according to the change of the boiler load so as to enhance the NO in the reducing agent and the flue gasxThe high-efficiency mixing improves the denitration efficiency and reduces the escape amount of ammonia.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide an SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration nozzle and an injection method, and realizes the injection flow rate and the atomization angle of a reducing agent solution in a flue under different reducing agent solution flow conditions through an autonomously adjustable reducing agent nozzle structure, so that the reducing agent solution and NO in flue gas are more favorably sprayedxThe mixing of (2) increases the utilization ratio of the reducing agent solution under different loads of the boiler, improves the denitration efficiency and reduces the escape amount of ammonia.
In one aspect of the invention, an SNCR denitration nozzle is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the SNCR denitration nozzle includes:
the nozzle comprises a nozzle shell, a nozzle body and a nozzle body, wherein the nozzle shell comprises a straight cylinder section and a conical cylinder section which are integrally formed, one end of the straight cylinder section forms a reducing agent solution inlet, and one end of the conical cylinder section shrinks to form a reducing agent solution nozzle along the direction far away from the straight cylinder section;
the fixed block is fixed in a cavity formed by the nozzle shell;
the sliding component is arranged in the cavity and comprises a sliding rod, a solution blocking plate, a spring and an atomization adjusting head, the sliding rod penetrates through the fixed block, the solution blocking plate is arranged at one end, close to the reducing agent solution inlet, of the sliding rod, the spring is arranged between the solution blocking plate and the fixed block, the atomization adjusting head is arranged at the other end of the sliding rod, and the atomization adjusting head is contracted along the direction close to the reducing agent solution nozzle to form an opening;
the rotating part is arranged in the cavity and comprises a blade guide block and a rotating blade, the blade guide block is fixed on the sliding rod, the rotating blade is connected to the blade guide block, and the rotating blade is fixed to the nozzle shell.
According to the SNCR denitration nozzle provided by the embodiment of the invention, the solution barrier plate drives the sliding rod to slide towards the reducing agent solution nozzle under the impact action of the reducing agent solution, so as to drive the atomization regulating head to slide towards the reducing agent solution nozzle, when the flow of the reducing agent solution is increased, the impact action of the reducing agent solution on the solution barrier plate is increased, the compression force on the spring is increased, the sliding distance of the sliding rod towards the reducing agent solution nozzle is increased, so that the atomization regulating head is closer to the reducing agent solution nozzle, the area of the nozzle is reduced, the speed of the finally sprayed solution is increased, the spraying range is increased, and the reduction agent and the deeper flue gas can be mixed; meanwhile, the blade guide block fixed on the sliding rod also slides towards the direction of the reducing agent solution nozzle, so that the rotating blade is driven to rotate, the atomization angle of the solution is reduced, the injection rigidity of the reducing agent solution is increased, the resistance of the smoke gas can be better overcome, and the reducing agent and the smoke gas in a deeper position can be better mixed. When the flow of the reducing agent solution is reduced, the impact effect of the reducing agent solution on the solution blocking plate is reduced, the compression force on the spring is reduced, the solution blocking plate drives the sliding rod to slide towards the inlet direction of the reducing agent solution under the elastic force of the spring, and further drives the atomization adjusting head to move towards the inlet direction of the reducing agent solution, so that the area of the spraying port is increased, the speed of the finally sprayed solution is reduced, the spraying range is reduced, and the reducing agent solution is favorably mixed with nearby smoke; at the same time, fixed on the slideThe blade guide block on the moving rod slides towards the inlet direction of the reducing agent solution, so that the rotating blade is driven to rotate in the opposite direction, the atomization angle of the solution is increased, and the reducing agent solution and nearby smoke gas can be mixed conveniently. From this, the nozzle can produce different driving forces according to the change of solution flow, and solution baffle plate is independently removed according to the change of reductant solution flow, and then drives the motion of atomizing regulation head and rotating vane to the efflux velocity of flow and the atomizing angle of reductant solution have been changed. According to the invention, through the independently adjustable reducing agent nozzle structure, the spraying flow speed and the atomizing angle of the reducing agent solution in the flue are realized under different reducing agent solution flow conditions, so that the reducing agent solution and NO in the flue gas are more favorably realizedxThe mixing of (2) increases the utilization ratio of the reducing agent solution under different loads of the boiler, improves the denitration efficiency and reduces the escape amount of ammonia.
In addition, the SNCR denitration nozzle according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the present invention, the blade guide block is provided with a blade guide groove.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotary vane includes a vane, a rotary shaft, and a sliding pin, the rotary vane is fixed to the nozzle housing by the rotary shaft, the rotary vane is connected to the vane guide groove by the sliding pin, and the vane is rotatable about the rotary shaft.
In some embodiments of the invention, the angle of rotation of the blade is no greater than 45 degrees.
In some embodiments of the invention, the maximum deformation length of the spring is 5-10 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the solution blocking plate is 1/4-1/3 of the cross-sectional area of the reducing agent solution inlet.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a cross-sectional area of the solution ejection port of the atomization adjustment head is 1/3 to 1/2 of a cross-sectional area of the reducing agent solution inlet.
In some embodiments of the invention, the angle of inclination of the atomizing regulating head is coincident with the angle of inclination of the interior of the conical barrel section.
In some embodiments of the invention, the length of the atomization adjusting head is 1/2-2/3 of the length of the conical barrel.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method of spraying a reducing agent solution using the SNCR denitration nozzle described in the above embodiment. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
(1) enabling a reducing agent solution to enter the SNCR denitration nozzle through a reducing agent solution inlet;
(2) the solution blocking plate drives the sliding rod to slide towards the direction of the reducing agent solution nozzle or the direction of the reducing agent solution inlet under the impact action of the reducing agent solution so as to drive the atomization adjusting head to slide towards the direction of the reducing agent solution nozzle or the direction of the reducing agent solution inlet, and the rotating blade is driven by the blade guide block to rotate;
(3) the reducing agent solution is sprayed out of the reducing agent solution spray nozzle.
According to the method for spraying the reducing agent solution, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the spraying flow speed and the atomizing angle of the reducing agent solution in the flue are realized under different reducing agent solution flow conditions through the self-adjustable reducing agent nozzle structure, so that the reducing agent solution and NO in the flue gas are more favorably sprayedxThe mixing of (2) increases the utilization ratio of the reducing agent solution under different loads of the boiler, improves the denitration efficiency and reduces the escape amount of ammonia.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a sectional view of a B-B plane of an SNCR denitration nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C face of an SNCR denitration nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the direction A according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rotary blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a vane guide block according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the reactor or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered as limiting.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In one aspect of the invention, an SNCR denitration nozzle is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the SNCR denitration nozzle includes: the nozzle comprises a nozzle shell 1, wherein the nozzle shell 1 comprises a straight cylinder section 11 and a conical cylinder section 12 which are integrally formed, one end of the straight cylinder section 11 is provided with a reducing agent solution inlet 9, and one end of the conical cylinder section 12 is contracted to form a reducing agent solution nozzle 10 along the direction far away from the straight cylinder section 11; the fixed block 3 is fixed in a cavity formed by the nozzle shell 1; the sliding component is arranged in the cavity and comprises a sliding rod 2, a solution blocking plate 4, a spring 5 and an atomization adjusting head 8, the sliding rod 2 penetrates through the fixed block 3, the solution blocking plate 4 is arranged at one end, close to the reducing agent solution inlet 9, of the sliding rod 2, the spring 5 is arranged between the solution blocking plate 4 and the fixed block 3, the atomization adjusting head 8 is arranged at the other end of the sliding rod 2, and the atomization adjusting head 8 is contracted to form an opening along the direction close to the reducing agent solution nozzle 10; rotating member, rotating member establishes in the cavity, rotating member includes blade guide block 7 and rotating vane 6, blade guide block 7 is established on slide bar 2, rotating vane 6 is established on blade guide block 7, just rotating vane 6 is fixed on nozzle shell 1. Therefore, the solution blocking plate 4 is compressed by the spring 5 under the impact action of the reducing agent solution to drive the sliding rod 2 to slide towards the reducing agent solution nozzle 10, so as to drive the atomization adjusting head 8 to slide towards the reducing agent solution nozzle 10, and when the flow of the reducing agent solution is increased, the impact action of the reducing agent solution on the solution blocking plate 4 is increasedThe compression force to the spring 5 is increased, and the sliding distance from the sliding rod 2 to the reducing agent solution nozzle 10 is larger, so that the atomizing regulating head 8 is closer to the reducing agent solution nozzle 10, the area of the nozzle is reduced, the speed of the finally sprayed solution is increased, the spraying range is increased, and the reducing agent and the deeper smoke gas can be mixed conveniently; meanwhile, the blade guide block 7 fixed on the sliding rod 2 also slides towards the reducing agent solution nozzle 10, so that the rotating blade 6 is driven to rotate, the atomization angle of the solution is reduced, the injection rigidity of the reducing agent solution is increased, the resistance of smoke can be better overcome, and the reducing agent and the smoke in a deeper position can be mixed more favorably. When the flow of the reducing agent solution is reduced, the impact effect of the reducing agent solution on the solution blocking plate 4 is reduced, the compression force on the spring 5 is reduced, the solution blocking plate 4 drives the sliding rod 2 to slide towards the reducing agent solution inlet 9 under the elastic force of the spring 5, and further drives the atomization adjusting head 8 to move towards the reducing agent solution inlet 9, so that the area of a spraying port is increased, the speed of the finally sprayed solution is reduced, the spraying range is reduced, and the reducing agent solution is favorably mixed with the nearby smoke; meanwhile, the blade guide block 7 fixed on the sliding rod 2 also slides towards the reducing agent solution inlet 9, so that the rotating blade 6 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction, the atomization angle of the solution is increased, and the reducing agent solution and nearby smoke gas can be mixed conveniently. From this, the nozzle can produce different driving forces according to the change of solution flow, and solution baffle 4 is according to the change autonomous movement of reductant solution flow, and then drives the motion of atomizing regulation head 8 and rotating vane 6 to the ejection flow rate and the atomizing angle (atomizing angle is the upper and lower contained angle of solution ejection face) of reductant solution have been changed. According to the invention, through the independently adjustable reducing agent nozzle structure, the spraying flow speed and the atomizing angle of the reducing agent solution in the flue are realized under different reducing agent solution flow conditions, so that the reducing agent solution and NO in the flue gas are more favorably realizedxThe mixing of (2) increases the utilization ratio of the reducing agent solution under different loads of the boiler, improves the denitration efficiency and reduces the escape amount of ammonia. The SNCR denitration nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention is further described in detail below.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the vane guide block 7 is provided with a vane guide groove 71, and the vane guide block 7 is directly fixed on the slide bar 2.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the rotary vane 6 includes a vane 61, a rotary shaft 62, and a sliding pin 63, the rotary vane 6 is fixed to the nozzle housing 1 by the rotary shaft 62, the rotary vane 6 is inserted into a vane guide groove 71 of the vane guide block 7 by the sliding pin 63, and the vane 61 can be rotated by the rotary shaft 62 as an axis. During the movement of the vane guide block 7, the slide pin 63 inserted into the vane guide groove 71 is longitudinally displaced, thereby bringing the rotary vane 6 to rotate about the rotary shaft 62.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the rotation angle of the vane 61 is not more than 45 degrees, thereby further facilitating the control of the ejection flow rate and the atomization angle of the reducing agent solution within a reasonable range.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the maximum deformation length of the spring 5 is 5-10 mm, so that the spraying flow rate and the atomization angle of the reducing agent solution can be controlled within a reasonable range, and the adjustment of the spraying flow rate and the atomization angle is not facilitated when the deformation length is too large or too small.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the solution blocking plate 4 is 1/4-1/3 of the cross-sectional area of the reducing agent solution inlet 9, thereby further facilitating the control of the spraying flow rate and the atomization angle of the reducing agent solution within a reasonable range, and if the area of the solution blocking plate 4 is too large, the flow of the solution may be blocked, the resistance is increased, and the solution spraying is not facilitated; if the area of the solution blocking plate 4 is too small, the effect of overcoming the resistance of the spring 5 can not be achieved, and the sliding block can not be fully pushed to move forwards, so that the effect of adjusting the spray atomization angle can not be achieved.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the solution ejection port of the atomization regulation head 8 is 1/3 to 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the reducing agent solution inlet 9, thereby further facilitating the control of the ejection flow rate of the reducing agent solution within a reasonable range, and if the solution ejection port of the atomization regulation head 8 is too large, the ejection speed of the solution may be too large, and the ejection distance may be too far, and the solution may impact the opposite flue wall surface; if the solution ejection port area is too small, the solution ejection speed and the ejection distance may not be reached, and therefore, the solution is not easily diffused into the flue at a further distance.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the inclination angle of the atomizing adjustment head 8 is consistent with the inclination angle of the inner part of the conical barrel section 12, and the length of the atomizing adjustment head 8 is 1/2-2/3 of the length of the conical barrel section 12, thereby further facilitating the control of the spraying flow rate of the reducing agent solution within a reasonable range.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method of spraying a reducing agent solution using the SNCR denitration nozzle described in the above embodiment. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
(1) enabling a reducing agent solution to enter the SNCR denitration nozzle through a reducing agent solution inlet 9;
(2) the solution blocking plate 4 drives the sliding rod 2 to slide towards the reducing agent solution nozzle 10 or the reducing agent solution inlet 9 under the impact action of the reducing agent solution, so as to drive the atomization adjusting head 8 to slide towards the reducing agent solution nozzle 10 or the reducing agent solution inlet 9, and the rotating blade 6 is driven by the blade guide block 7 to rotate;
(3) the reducing agent solution is ejected from the reducing agent solution ejection port 10.
According to the method for spraying the reducing agent solution, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the spraying flow speed and the atomizing angle of the reducing agent solution in the flue are realized under different reducing agent solution flow conditions through the self-adjustable reducing agent nozzle structure, so that the reducing agent solution and NO in the flue gas are more favorably sprayedxThe mixing of (2) increases the utilization ratio of the reducing agent solution under different loads of the boiler, improves the denitration efficiency and reduces the escape amount of ammonia.
Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) refers to the injection of a reducing agent within a "temperature window" suitable for denitration reactions without the action of a catalystThe nitrogen oxides in the flue gas are reduced into harmless nitrogen and water. The technology generally adopts ammonia, urea or hydroammonia acid sprayed in a furnace as a reducing agent to reduce NOx. The reducing agent only neutralizes NO in the flue gasxThe reaction, which is generally not reactive with oxygen, does not employ a catalyst, so this process is referred to as a selective non-catalytic reduction process. Since the process does not use a catalyst, the reducing agent must be added in the high temperature zone. Spraying the reducing agent into a region with the hearth temperature of 850-1100 ℃, and quickly thermally decomposing into NH3With NO in the flue gasxReaction to form N2And water.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An SNCR denitration nozzle, comprising:
the nozzle comprises a nozzle shell, a nozzle body and a nozzle body, wherein the nozzle shell comprises a straight cylinder section and a conical cylinder section which are integrally formed, one end of the straight cylinder section forms a reducing agent solution inlet, and one end of the conical cylinder section shrinks to form a reducing agent solution nozzle along the direction far away from the straight cylinder section;
the fixed block is fixed in a cavity formed by the nozzle shell;
the sliding component is arranged in the cavity and comprises a sliding rod, a solution blocking plate, a spring and an atomization adjusting head, the sliding rod penetrates through the fixed block, the solution blocking plate is arranged at one end, close to the reducing agent solution inlet, of the sliding rod, the spring is arranged between the solution blocking plate and the fixed block, the atomization adjusting head is arranged at the other end of the sliding rod, and the atomization adjusting head is contracted along the direction close to the reducing agent solution nozzle to form an opening;
the rotating part is arranged in the cavity and comprises a blade guide block and a rotating blade, the blade guide block is fixed on the sliding rod, the rotating blade is connected to the blade guide block, and the rotating blade is fixed to the nozzle shell.
2. The SNCR denitration nozzle of claim 1, wherein the vane guide block is provided with a vane guide groove.
3. The SNCR denitration nozzle according to claim 2, wherein the rotary vane includes a vane, a rotary shaft, and a slide pin, the rotary vane being fixed to the nozzle housing by the rotary shaft, the rotary vane being connected to the vane guide groove by the slide pin, the vane being rotatable about the rotary shaft.
4. The SNCR denitration nozzle of claim 3, wherein the rotation angle of the vane is not more than 45 degrees.
5. The SNCR denitration nozzle of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the maximum deformation length of the spring is 5-10 mm.
6. The SNCR denitration nozzle of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cross-sectional area of the solution blocking plate is 1/4-1/3 of the cross-sectional area of the reducing agent solution inlet.
7. The SNCR denitration nozzle of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a cross-sectional area of a solution ejection port of the atomization adjustment head is 1/3 to 1/2 of a cross-sectional area of an inlet of the reducing agent solution.
8. The SNCR denitration nozzle of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the angle of inclination of the atomization adjustment head is coincident with the angle of inclination of the interior of the conical barrel section.
9. The SNCR denitration nozzle of claim 8, wherein the length of the atomization adjusting head is 1/2-2/3 of the length of the conical barrel.
10. A method of spraying a reducing agent solution using the SNCR denitration nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
(1) enabling a reducing agent solution to enter the SNCR denitration nozzle through a reducing agent solution inlet;
(2) the solution blocking plate drives the sliding rod to slide towards the direction of the reducing agent solution nozzle or the direction of the reducing agent solution inlet under the impact action of the reducing agent solution so as to drive the atomization adjusting head to slide towards the direction of the reducing agent solution nozzle or the direction of the reducing agent solution inlet, and the rotating blade is driven by the blade guide block to rotate;
(3) the reducing agent solution is sprayed out of the reducing agent solution spray nozzle.
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| CN113926308B (en) | 2024-07-16 |
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