CN102671533B - Low-air consumption effervescent atomizer applicable to SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitrification technology - Google Patents

Low-air consumption effervescent atomizer applicable to SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitrification technology Download PDF

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CN102671533B
CN102671533B CN201210189943.4A CN201210189943A CN102671533B CN 102671533 B CN102671533 B CN 102671533B CN 201210189943 A CN201210189943 A CN 201210189943A CN 102671533 B CN102671533 B CN 102671533B
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spray gun
bubble
phase flow
air
low
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CN102671533A (en
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方毅波
张光学
杜志华
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HANGZHOU ZJU TIANYUAN TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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HANGZHOU ZJU TIANYUAN TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-air consumption effervescent atomizer applicable to the SNCR denitrification technology. The low-air consumption effervescent atomizer comprises a compressed air flow passage, a positioning plate, a two-phase flow mixing chamber, a plurality of orifices, an atomizer shell, an air bubble generator and the like; the sidewall of one end of the atomizer shell is provided with a reductant solution inlet, the tip of the other end of the atomizer shell is provided with an orifice cap, the orifices are distributed on the end surface of the orifice cap, a two-phase flow acceleration area is arranged in the other end of the atomizer shell, the compressed air flow passage is arranged in the atomizer shell, one end of the compressed air flow passage runs through the wall of one end of the atomizer shell and is connected with an air inlet, the other end of the compressed air flow passage is connected with the air bubble generator, and is fixed on the inner wall of the atomizer shell by the positioning plate, the air bubble generator is provided with an air bubble injection hole, an air bubble injection area is outside the air bubble injection hole, and the two-phase flow mixing chamber is arranged between the air bubble injection area and the two-phase flow acceleration area. The low-air consumption effervescent atomizer has the advantages of low air consumption rate, low air-liquid pressure and the like, and achieves the effect of low-energy consumption atomization, the effervescent atomization structure increases the atomization quality and the jet distance, and thereby the efficiency of SNCR denitrification can be increased.

Description

Be applicable to the low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun of SNCR denitration technology
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas-liquid injection device technique field, relate in particular to a kind of low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun of the SNCR of being applicable to denitration technology.
Background technology
The combustion of fossil fuel processes such as coal can be discharged a large amount of NOx pollutants, have very large harmfulness.In industry at present, conventional denitration means can be divided into denitration in the stove and the outer denitration of stove, and wherein SNCR method (SNCR) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) are widely applied.SCR is a kind of denitration technology of maturation, and denitration efficiency can reach more than 90%, but needs extra SCR reactor, and floor space is large, invests high.In addition, the catalyst that SCR is used is expensive, and existence is easy poisoning and easily by problems such as dust obstructions, need periodic replacement.SNCR denitration technology is that amino reductive is sprayed into 900~1100 ℃ of intervals in stove, and NOx is reduced to nitrogen G&W.SNCR denitration technology is not used catalyst, denitration efficiency is lower, but adopt burner hearth as reactor, have that equipment is simple, small investment, the advantage such as floor space is few and operating cost is low, especially being applicable to small-sized pulverized-coal fired boiler, CFBB, incinerator and cement decomposing furnace etc., is one of main development direction of current denitration.
In SNCR denitrification process, the mixability of reducing agent and flue gas is the important factor for controlling that determines denitration efficiency height.In the situation of good mixing, in the mini-reactor of laboratory, SNCR can reach more than 90% denitration rate.But in actual applications,, especially for the larger boiler of burner hearth, because reducing agent and flue gas are difficult to even mixing, SNCR denitration rate is generally lower than 50%.
The reducing agent that SNCR denitration adopts is mainly low concentration ammoniacal liquor or urea liquid, sprays into burner hearth after atomization.Atomization quality is the key that determines mixed effect, comprises particle diameter distribution, speed and the atomization angle etc. of atomized drop.Therefore, the performance of reducing agent atomizing lance is extremely important in SNCR denitrification process.
The atomizing type that at present conventional reducing agent atomizing lance adopts has mechanical atomization, strength atomization and effervescent atomization etc., and wherein atomizing nozzle is simple in structure, practical and convenient, but atomizing effect is poor; Pneumatic atomizing nozzle atomizing effect is better, but have that gas consumption rate is high, gas consumption medium and reducing agent pressure is high, power consumption large and the shortcoming such as complex structure.Effervescent atomization spray gun gas consumption rate is low, but this technology is still immature, and the bubble of filling liquid easily merges, and atomizing effect is difficult to guarantee.
Utility model content
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, and a kind of low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun of the SNCR of being applicable to denitration technology is provided.
The low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun that is applicable to SNCR denitration technology, comprises compressed air inlet, reductant solution import, reducing agent runner, compression air flow channel, location-plate, bubble injection region, two-phase flow mixing chamber, two-phase flow accelerating region, spray orifice, spray gun shell, bubble hand-hole, bubble generator, cap of spraying nozzle, spray gun shell one end sidewall is provided with reductant solution import, spray gun shell other end end is provided with cap of spraying nozzle, on cap of spraying nozzle end face, arrange a plurality of spray orifices, in the spray gun shell other end, be provided with two-phase flow accelerating region, in spray gun shell, be provided with compression air flow channel, compression air flow channel one end is passed spray gun shell one end end wall and is connected with air intlet, the compression air flow channel other end is connected with bubble generator, and be fixed on spray gun outer casing inner wall by location-plate, bubble generator is provided with bubble hand-hole, bubble hand-hole outside is bubble injection region, between bubble injection region and two-phase flow accelerating region, be provided with two-phase flow mixing chamber.
Described bubble generator is shuttle type, and two ends diameter is little, middle-end diameter is large, bubble injection region sectional area be reducing agent cross section of fluid channel long-pending 20%~30%.
Described bubble generator middle-end arranges that 1~2 circle bubble hand-hole, every circle arrange 6~10 bubble hand-holes, and aperture is 0.5~2 mm.
The described low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun that is applicable to SNCR denitration technology, is characterized in that, described two-phase flow mixer length is 1.0~2.5 with diameter ratio.
The ratio of described two-phase flow accelerating region diameter and two-phase flow mixing chamber diameter is 0.5~0.8; Two-phase flow accelerating region L/D ratio is 2~4.
Described cap of spraying nozzle is circular platform type; The side that central point arranges a spray orifice, round platform is evenly arranged 4~6 spray orifices, and the diameter of spray orifice is 1~2.5 mm, and the angle of the axis of the spray orifice of side arrangement and whole spray gun axis is 12.5~40 °.
the beneficial effect that the present invention compared with prior art has:
1) simple and reliable for structure, anti-clogging, processing cost is low;
2) adopt effervescent atomization mode, gas consumption rate is low, and under typical condition, gas consumption rate is 5%~10%;
3) when reducing agent is through effervescent atomization device, runner dwindles, flow velocity improves, and now injects formation bubble volume little, and is dispersed to very soon liquid phase, difficult merging, add the effect of two-phase flow mixing chamber and accelerating region, bubble is further disperseed and fragmentation, atomizing effect is good, under typical condition, atomized drop Suo Teer diameter is 30~120 μ m, average diameter 70 μ m;
4) less demanding to the pressure of compressed air and reductant solution, reductant solution pressure is 0.15~0.3 MPa, and as long as compressed air pressure is a little more than solution pressure, and energy-saving effect is remarkable;
5) bubble generator is replaceable, adopts different injecting holes, to change atomizing effect; Cap of spraying nozzle is replaceable, the convenient atomization angle that regulates.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun structure schematic diagram that is applicable to SNCR denitration technology;
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 1;
In figure: compressed air inlet 1, reductant solution import 2, reducing agent runner 3, compression air flow channel 4, location-plate 5, bubble injection region 6, two-phase flow mixing chamber 7, two-phase flow accelerating region 8, spray orifice 9, spray gun shell 10, bubble hand-hole 11, bubble generator 12, cap of spraying nozzle 13.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
The low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun that is applicable to SNCR denitration technology, comprises compressed air inlet 1, reductant solution import 2, reducing agent runner 3, compression air flow channel 4, location-plate 5, bubble injection region 6, two-phase flow mixing chamber 7, two-phase flow accelerating region 8, spray orifice 9, spray gun shell 10, bubble hand-hole 11, bubble generator 12, cap of spraying nozzle 13, spray gun shell 10 one end sidewalls are provided with reductant solution import 2, spray gun shell 10 other end ends are provided with cap of spraying nozzle 13, on cap of spraying nozzle 13 end faces, arrange a plurality of spray orifices 9, in spray gun shell 10 other ends, be provided with two-phase flow accelerating region 8, in spray gun shell 10, be provided with compression air flow channel 4, compression air flow channel 4 one end are passed spray gun shell 10 one end end walls and are connected with air intlet 1, compression air flow channel 4 other ends are connected with bubble generator 12, and be fixed on spray gun shell 10 inwalls by location-plate 5, location-plate 5 plays and supports and fixed position effect, and allow reductant solution to pass through, bubble generator 12 is provided with bubble hand-hole 11, bubble hand-hole 11 outsides are bubble injection region 6, between bubble injection region 6 and two-phase flow accelerating region 8, be provided with two-phase flow mixing chamber 7.
Described bubble generator 12 is shuttle type, and two ends diameter is little, middle-end diameter is large, and bubble injection region 6 sectional areas are 20%~30% of reducing agent runner 3 sectional areas.
Described bubble generator 12 middle-ends arrange that 1~2 circle bubble hand-hole 11, every circle arrange 6~10 bubble hand-holes 11, and aperture is 0.5~2 mm.Bubble hand-hole 11 is for reducing hole, and the diameter of cross section from inside to outside, dwindles gradually.During reductant solution process bubble injection region 6, speed obtains larger raising, and the bubble volume of injection is little, and is dispersed to very soon liquid phase, difficult merging.
The described low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun that is applicable to SNCR denitration technology, is characterized in that, described two-phase flow mixing chamber 7 L/D ratios are 1.0~2.5.At two-phase flow mixing chamber 7, bubble and reductant solution continue fully to mix, and bubble is further dispersed.
Described two-phase flow accelerating region 8 diameters and the ratio of two-phase flow mixing chamber 7 diameters are 0.5~0.8; Two-phase flow accelerating region 8 L/D ratios are 2~4.Because flow area dwindles, gas-liquid two-phase flow flow velocity is accelerated, and turbulivity increases, and bubble occurs further broken.
Described cap of spraying nozzle 13 is circular platform type; The side that central point arranges a spray orifice 9, round platform is evenly arranged 4~6 spray orifices 9, and the diameter of spray orifice 9 is 1~2.5 mm, and the angle of the axis of the spray orifice 9 of side arrangement and whole spray gun axis is 12.5~40 °, forms the spraying torch of 25~80 °.
The outer wall of low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun all adopts heat resisting steel to make, and remaining part adopts common straightcarbon steel.
The compressed air that atomizing lance provided by the invention adopts and the pressure of reductant solution require lower, as long as reach 0.15~0.3 MPa, compressed air pressure outline is higher than solution pressure.Compressed air enters bubble generator 12 through compression air flow channel 4, from bubble hand-hole 11, bubble is injected to reductant solution, forms gas-liquid two-phase flow.Through two-phase flow mixing chamber 7 and two-phase flow accelerating region 8, bubble further mixes and is broken in solution, and last gas-liquid two-phase flow, from spray orifice 9 ejections, forms spraying torch.Spraying torch atomization angle be 25~80 °, jet length reach 3~6 meters.Atomizing effect is good, and under typical condition, atomized drop Suo Teer diameter is 30~120 μ m, average diameter 70 μ m.
Atomizing lance provided by the invention has overcome the shortcoming that current spray gun atomizing effect is poor, energy consumption is high, has the advantages such as gas consumption rate is low, gas-liquid pressure is low, has reached energy-conservation object.The effervescent atomization structure of unique design, makes that atomization quality improves, jet length is large, can improve SNCR denitration efficiency.

Claims (1)

1. a low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun that is applicable to SNCR denitration technology, is characterized in that comprising compressed air inlet (1), reductant solution import (2), reducing agent runner (3), compression air flow channel (4), location-plate (5), bubble injection region (6), two-phase flow mixing chamber (7), two-phase flow accelerating region (8), spray orifice (9), spray gun shell (10), bubble hand-hole (11), bubble generator (12), cap of spraying nozzle (13), spray gun shell (10) one end sidewall is provided with reductant solution import (2), spray gun shell (10) other end end is provided with cap of spraying nozzle (13), on cap of spraying nozzle (13) end face, arrange a plurality of spray orifices (9), in spray gun shell (10) other end, be provided with two-phase flow accelerating region (8), in spray gun shell (10), be provided with compression air flow channel (4), compression air flow channel (4) one end is passed spray gun shell (10) one end end wall and is connected with air intlet (1), compression air flow channel (4) other end is connected with bubble generator (12), and be fixed on spray gun shell (10) inwall by location-plate (5), bubble generator (12) is provided with bubble hand-hole (11), bubble hand-hole (11) outside is bubble injection region (6), between bubble injection region (6) and two-phase flow accelerating region (8), be provided with two-phase flow mixing chamber (7), described bubble generator (12) is shuttle type, and two ends diameter is little, middle-end diameter is large, and bubble injection region (6) sectional area is 20%~30% of reducing agent runner (3) sectional area.
2.the low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun that is applicable to SNCR denitration technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described bubble generator (12) middle-end arranges that 1~2 circle bubble hand-hole (11), every circle arrange 6~10 bubble hand-holes (11), and aperture is 0.5~2 mm.
3.according to the low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun that is applicable to SNCR denitration technology claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described two-phase flow mixing chamber (7) L/D ratio is 1.0~2.5.
4.the low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun that is applicable to SNCR denitration technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the ratio of described two-phase flow accelerating region (8) diameter and two-phase flow mixing chamber (7) diameter is 0.5~0.8; Two-phase flow accelerating region (8) L/D ratio is 2~4.
5.the low gas consumption effervescent atomization spray gun that is applicable to SNCR denitration technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cap of spraying nozzle (13) is circular platform type; The side that central point arranges a spray orifice (9), round platform is evenly arranged 4~6 spray orifices (9), and the diameter of spray orifice (9) is 1~2.5 mm, and the angle of the axis of the spray orifice of side arrangement (9) and whole spray gun axis is 12.5~40 °.
CN201210189943.4A 2012-06-11 2012-06-11 Low-air consumption effervescent atomizer applicable to SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitrification technology Active CN102671533B (en)

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CN103230740A (en) * 2013-04-25 2013-08-07 朱跃 SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) swirl atomization spray gun with bluff body device
CN103736295B (en) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-01 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Large-phase-ratio extraction device for organic liquid film on bubble surface
CN104001635B (en) * 2014-05-23 2016-06-15 姜建勇 For the novel spray gun of desulphurization denitration
CN107537307B (en) * 2016-06-24 2023-09-29 上海守望者喷雾智能系统有限公司 Desulfurization spray gun
CN107469608A (en) * 2017-09-11 2017-12-15 苏州中材建设有限公司 Reducing agent sprayer unit for denitrating flue gas
CN109395563B (en) * 2018-12-12 2023-08-29 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Efficient liquid atomization spraying device and method
CN110252097A (en) * 2019-07-26 2019-09-20 启明星宇节能科技股份有限公司 A kind of aluminium stone kiln breaks key denitration device and method of denitration
CN111298613A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-19 上海电力大学 Urea solution atomizing spray gun
CN114985135A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-09-02 重庆三峰百果园环保发电有限公司 Denitration spray gun

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CN102160964A (en) * 2011-02-18 2011-08-24 中国航天科技集团公司第六研究院第十一研究所 Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) denitration multi-nozzle long-gun injector
CN202638273U (en) * 2012-06-11 2013-01-02 杭州浙大天元科技有限公司 Low-gas-consumption bubble atomizing spray gun suitable for selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) denitration technology

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