CN113922716B - Controller and control method for aviation low-voltage direct-current high-power starter generator - Google Patents

Controller and control method for aviation low-voltage direct-current high-power starter generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113922716B
CN113922716B CN202111163644.9A CN202111163644A CN113922716B CN 113922716 B CN113922716 B CN 113922716B CN 202111163644 A CN202111163644 A CN 202111163644A CN 113922716 B CN113922716 B CN 113922716B
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bridge
voltage
phase
direct current
transformer
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CN113922716A (en
Inventor
薛开昶
罗宗鑫
黄彪
王越
祝冠宇
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Guizhou Aerospace Linquan Motor Co Ltd
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Guizhou Aerospace Linquan Motor Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/08—Control of generator circuit during starting or stopping of driving means, e.g. for initiating excitation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/23—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/305—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

A controller for aviation low-voltage DC high-power starter generator and control method thereof comprises a three-phase full bridge, an H bridge, a transformer, an MOS tube full bridge and a DC bus V z DC bus V o The power generation system comprises a control circuit, a power generation auxiliary power supply and an auxiliary power supply; during starting control, energy is output to a starting generator through a starting power supply Vs, a direct current bus Vo, an MOS tube full bridge, a transformer, an H bridge and a three-phase full bridge; during power generation control, energy is output to the direct current bus Vo through the starting generator, the three-phase full bridge, the H bridge, the transformer and the MOS tube full bridge. The invention overcomes the defects that when the power generation output is more than 28V and 1kW, the current of the starting generator is large, the motor and the controller are difficult to realize, and the power density of the motor and the controller is low, is suitable for an LVDC aviation power supply system with the output of 28V and the power of more than 4kW, and can be applied to an aviation unmanned aerial vehicle and the application requirement of changing a brush direct current starting generator into a brushless starting generator.

Description

Controller and control method for aviation low-voltage direct-current high-power starter generator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of generator control, and particularly relates to a controller and a control method for an aviation low-voltage direct-current high-power starting generator.
Background
In the aeronautical field, 28V Low Voltage Direct Current (LVDC) power supply systems pass through capacity requirements below 12 kW. The power supply system is developing from a simple power generation and voltage stabilization function to a compatible engine starting function. When the engine is started, the controller drives the starting generator to work, drags the engine from rest to the starting point rotating speed, and boosts the engine for a certain time; when the engine works in a self-sustaining mode, the engine drags the starting generator to work after the rotating speed is increased to the power generation working rotating speed, and the variable-voltage variable-frequency alternating current output by the generator is converted into voltage-stabilizing direct current through the controller. In the power generation phase, the engine typically operates in a 2-fold speed range. For a typical aviation power supply system, there is typically an overload requirement of 1.5 times overload for 5min and 2 times overload for 5 s.
The starter generator controller comprises an AC/DC stage and a DC/DC stage, wherein the AC/DC stage is used for realizing bidirectional conversion between variable-voltage variable-frequency alternating current and direct current voltage, and the DC/DC stage is used for realizing bidirectional conversion between two direct current buses.
The aerospace field is sensitive to volume and weight, and if the efficiency of the starter generator controller can be improved, the volume and weight of the starter generator controller are greatly reduced, so that the starter generator controller has obvious application value.
For a 28V Low Voltage Direct Current (LVDC) power supply system, there are generally two schemes:
1) The output of the starting generator is low voltage, the line voltage peak is lower than 28V at the highest rotation speed of the generator, and a bidirectional AC/DC conversion controller is formed by a simple three-phase full bridge;
2) The output of the starting generator is low voltage, the controller is divided into a starting controller and a generating controller, the starting controller is ground equipment, the generating controller is on-board equipment, during starting, the starting controller adopts a three-phase full-bridge circuit to convert 270V direct current provided by the ground into variable-voltage variable-frequency alternating current, the engine is dragged to work, after the engine works self-sustained, a cable connected with the starting generator is disconnected, during generating, an AC/DC stage in the generating controller converts the alternating current of the starting generator into variable-voltage direct current through a diode rectifier bridge, and DC/DC in the generating controller converts high-voltage variable-voltage direct current into 28V stabilized direct current.
For scheme 1), when the power of the generated output 28V is greater than 1kW, the starter generator current is large, both the motor and the controller are difficult to realize, and the power densities of both the motor and the controller are low.
For scheme 2), the starting process is performed on the ground, the air starting capability is not achieved, meanwhile, the AC/DC of the power generation controller does not have a voltage stabilizing function, when a primary topology is adopted for the DC/DC stage of the power generator controller, the power tube and the transformer need to simultaneously give consideration to high voltage at high rotating speed and high current at low rotating speed, so that the primary DC/DC converter is high in implementation difficulty, low in efficiency and large in size. When the isolated DC/DC stage of the power supply employs a two-stage topology, the circuit complexity is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a controller and a control method for an aviation low-voltage direct-current high-power starting generator.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a controller for an aviation low-voltage direct-current high-power starting generator, which comprises a three-phase full bridge, an H bridge, a transformer, an MOS tube full bridge and a direct-current bus V z DC bus V o Control circuit, auxiliary power supply for power generation, auxiliary power supply, first current sensor S A A second current sensor SB, a third current sensor S C H bridge current sensor S H First diode D A And a second diode D B The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Three-phase outputs A, B and C of the starting generator are connected with a direct current bus V through a three-phase full bridge z The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the H bridge are respectively connected with a direct current bus V z Is connected with the anode and the cathode of the battery; the first current sensor S A Second current sensor S B And a third current sensor S C The power ends of the first current sensor S are respectively connected with the A, B, C end of the starting generator A Second current sensor S B And a third current sensor S C Output terminal i of (2) A 、i B 、i C Connected with the control circuit, an H-bridge current sensor S H The power end of the H bridge is connected with the homonymous end of the H bridge, and the H bridge current sensor S H Output terminal i of (2) H Is connected with a control circuit; the input positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power generation auxiliary power supply are respectively connected with a direct current bus V z The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the output of the power generation auxiliary power supply are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input of the auxiliary power supply, the output of the auxiliary power supply is connected with the power supply end of the control circuit, and the positive electrode of the starting power supply Vs is connected with the power supply end of the control circuit through a first diode D A With dc bus V O The positive electrode of the starting power supply Vs is connected with the positive electrode of the second diode D B Is connected with the input positive pole of the auxiliary power supply, and the negative pole of the starting power supply VsThe position signal P of the starting generator is connected with the control circuit; the same name end of the H bridge is connected with the primary same name end of the transformer, the primary different name end of the transformer is connected with the different name end of the H bridge, the secondary same name end and the secondary different name end of the transformer are respectively connected with the same name end and the different name end of the MOS tube full bridge, and the anode and the cathode of the MOS tube full bridge are respectively connected with the direct current bus V o Is connected with the anode and the cathode of the battery; the control circuit is connected with the three-phase full bridge, the H bridge and the MOS tube full bridge, and outputs driving signals to the three-phase full bridge, the H bridge and the MOS tube full bridge; the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz are connected with the control circuit, and the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct current bus Vo are connected with the control circuit.
Further, the number of the transformers is plural, the homonymous end of the H bridge is connected with the primary homonymous end of the first transformer, the primary heteronymous end of the first transformer is sequentially connected with the primary homonymous end of the next transformer until the last transformer, and the H bridge heteronymous end is connected with the primary heteronymous end of the last transformer.
Further, the MOS tube full bridges are also multiple and correspond to the transformers one by one, and the positive poles and the negative poles of the MOS tube full bridges are respectively connected with the direct current bus V o The same name end and the different name end of the full bridge of the MOS tubes are respectively connected with the corresponding secondary same name end and secondary different name end of the transformer.
Further, the three-phase full bridge comprises an A-phase bridge arm, a B-phase bridge arm, a C-phase bridge arm and a filter capacitor C dc The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The A-phase bridge arm comprises an IGBT tube Q A1 And IGBT tube Q A2 IGBT tube Q of A end and A phase bridge arm of starter generator A1 Emitter E and IGBT tube Q of (C) A2 Collector C of (A) phase bridge arm IGBT tube Q A1 Collector C and DC bus V of (C) z Is connected with the positive pole of the A-phase bridge arm IGBT tube Q A2 Emitter E and DC bus V of (C) z The B-phase bridge arm comprises an IGBT tube Q A3 And IGBT tube Q A4 The B end of the starter generator and the IGBT tube Q of the B-phase bridge arm A3 Emitter E and IGBT tube Q of (C) A4 Is set of (1)Electrode C is connected with B-phase bridge arm IGBT tube Q A3 Collector C and DC bus V of (C) z Is connected with the positive pole of the B-phase bridge arm IGBT tube Q A4 The emitter E of the C-phase bridge arm is connected with the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz, and the C-phase bridge arm comprises an IGBT tube Q A5 And IGBT tube Q A6 IGBT tube Q of C end and C phase bridge arm of starter generator A5 Emitter E and IGBT tube Q of (C) A6 Collector C of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q of C phase A5 The collector C of (C) is connected with the positive pole of a direct current bus Vz, and the IGBT tube Q of the C-phase bridge arm A6 The emitter E of (C) is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vz, and the filter capacitor C dc Both ends are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vz.
Further, a direct current bus V is arranged between two ends of the H bridge 1 The H bridge comprises a homonymous end bridge arm and a heteronymous end bridge arm; the bridge arm with the same name end comprises an IGBT tube Q B1 And IGBT tube Q B2 The direct current bus V z Is connected with the IGBT tube Q of the bridge arm at the same name end B1 The collector C of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q with the same name and the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz is connected with the collector C of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q B2 Emitter E of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q with the same name end B1 Emitter E and IGBT tube Q of (C) B2 Collector C and DC bus V 1 Is connected with the same-name end of the primary of the transformer and the direct current bus V 1 Is connected with the homonymous end of the same; the heterogeneous end bridge arm comprises an IGBT tube Q B3 And IGBT tube Q B4 The positive pole of the direct current bus Vz and the IGBT tube Q of the bridge arm with the different name end B3 The collector C of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q of the opposite-name end bridge arm is connected with the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz B4 Emitter E of (A) is connected with, and IGBT tube Q of the bridge arm of the different name end B3 Emitter E and IGBT tube Q of (C) B4 Collector C and DC bus V 1 Is connected with the primary heteronymous end of the transformer and the direct current bus V 1 Is connected with the heteronym terminal.
Further, the starter generator provides a position signal P to the control circuit, wherein the position signal P comprises an angle signal theta and a rotating speed signal n, and the angle signal theta is referenced by 0 DEG when the zero crossing point of the falling section of the A-phase voltage vA is used; in the control circuit, when three-phase current i A 、i B 、i C Any one of the phase currents exceeds the forward maximumThreshold current I max When in use, three-phase overcurrent signal I ShutA The output is low, otherwise high; in the control circuit, when the primary current i of the transformer H Higher than the forward maximum threshold current I refH And primary current i H Less than the reverse minimum threshold current I refL When the transformer primary overcurrent signal I ShutB The output is low, otherwise high; the output voltage of the power generation auxiliary power supply during normal operation is designed to be slightly higher than the voltage of the starting power supply Vs, and the power generation auxiliary power supply passes through the second diode D through the starting power supply Vs during starting B And the auxiliary power supply is used for supplying power to the control circuit, and the power supply is realized through the direct current bus Vz, the power generation auxiliary power supply and the auxiliary power supply during power generation.
The control method for the aviation low-voltage direct-current high-power starter generator controller comprises the following steps of:
a: the energy is sequentially output to a starting generator through a starting power supply Vs, a direct current bus Vo, an MOS tube full bridge, a transformer, an H bridge and a three-phase full bridge; the method comprises the following specific steps: a10, the starting power supply Vs passes through the first diode D A The power supply is connected to the direct current bus Vo, and the starting power supply Vs supplies energy to the direct current bus Vo; a20, converting the direct-current voltage Vo into alternating-current voltage through the MOS tube full bridge, and driving G for any MOS tube full bridge at the moment C1 And G C4 Same, G C2 And G C3 In the same way, if there is always a primary overcurrent signal I of the transformer in one switching period ShutB =1, drive G C1 And G C2 Is a complementary waveform close to 50% duty cycle, at G C1 Or G C2 When it is high, if I ShutB From high to low, G is advanced C1 Or G C2 From high to low until the end of this switching cycle; a30, respectively boosting the secondary alternating voltage into primary alternating voltage by the transformer; a40, voltage v after primary alternating voltage of multiple transformers is connected in series 1 Converted into direct voltage V through H bridge z At this time, the driving signals of the H-bridge power tube are low and pass through the power tube Q B1 ～Q B4 Parallel diode for realizing AC voltage v 1 To DC voltageV z Is transformed by (a); a50, three-phase full bridge will direct current voltage V z Converting the three-phase full bridge into a variable-voltage variable-frequency alternating current driving starting generator to work, and at the moment, using a SVPWM control mode of a quasi-speed outer ring and a current inner ring for the three-phase full bridge;
b: the power generation control, the energy is output to the DC bus Vo through the starting generator, the three-phase full bridge, the H bridge, the transformer and the MOS tube full bridge; the method comprises the following specific steps: b10, converting the three-phase variable-voltage variable-frequency alternating current output by the starting generator into voltage-stabilizing direct current V through a three-phase full bridge z At this time, Q of three-phase full bridge A1 、Q A3 And Q A5 Corresponding to drive G of (1) A1 、G A3 And G A5 Constant low, equivalent to Q A1 、Q A3 And Q A5 By controlling Q A1 、Q A3 And Q A5 Is a driving signal G of (2) A2 、G A4 And G A6 Realizing voltage stabilization; b20, through H bridge will stabilize voltage direct current V z Conversion to constant frequency ac v 1 At this time, drive G B1 And G B4 Same, G B2 And G B3 In the same way, if there is always a primary overcurrent signal I of the transformer in one switching period ShutB =1, drive G B1 And G B4 Is a complementary waveform close to 50% duty cycle, at G B1 Or G B2 When it is high, if I ShutB The time delay is 1 mu s and G is advanced B1 Or G B2 From high to low until the end of this switching cycle; b30, fixed frequency AC v 1 Is serially distributed to the primary of a transformer which steps down the primary ac voltage to a secondary ac voltage; b40, converting the alternating voltage into direct voltage V through MOS tube full bridge o At this time, for any MOS tube full bridge, drive G C1 And G C4 Same, G C2 And G C3 Same, drive G C1 And G C2 Respectively with H bridge drive G B1 And G B2 Essentially the same, only drive G C1 And G C2 Respectively at drive G B1 And G B2 The delay is 1 mu s after the high is high, and the driving G B1 And G B2 The first 1 μs is low to ensure Q 1 ～Q 4 The turn-on of the MOS tube occurs before the turn-off of the MOS tube occurs after the parallel diode is turned on.
Further, in the step B10, the conversion of the three-phase variable-voltage variable-frequency ac output by the starter generator into the regulated dc Vz through the three-phase full bridge includes the following steps:
b11 by applying a reference voltage V refo After the difference with the bus voltage Vo, the regulated compensation voltage delta V is obtained through the proportional regulator P and the low-pass filter LPF, and the direct current voltage V is obtained z Is regulated with reference to the voltage-stabilized reference signal V refz Summing with the compensation voltage DeltaV to obtain a reference signal V calculated by the voltage loop ref V is set up ref And V is equal to z The difference is made to obtain an error signal err, and the error signal err is processed by a proportional integral regulator PI to obtain a voltage signal V representing the duty ratio D V is set up D Triangular wave signal V sent to in-phase end and reverse end of comparator C tri Comparing to obtain duty ratio signal D of output end raw ；
B12, if there is three-phase overcurrent signal I in one period ShutA =1, then d=d raw If there is three-phase overcurrent signal I in one period ShutA =0, then in the presence of I ShutA Before =0, d=d raw At I ShutA After=0, d=0 to the end of this switching cycle;
b13, A, B, C phase voltages v of the motor A 、v B When the voltage of one phase in vc is highest, the duty ratio signal D is sent to G in a time-sharing manner A2 、G A4 And G A6 Drive Q A2 、 Q A4 And QA 6 When working, i.e. θ=210° to 330 °, G A2 When =d, θ=0° to 90 °, 330 ° to 360 °, G A4 When =d, θ=90° to 210 °, G A6 ＝D。
Further, the iron core of the transformer is a laminated amorphous iron core, and the winding is realized by flat copper wires.
Further, the peak value of the voltage of the corresponding three-phase winding wire under the condition of the maximum power generation rotating speed and no load of the starting generator is 230V.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the high-power starter generator controller and the control method for aviation low-voltage direct current are suitable for outputting an LVDC aviation power supply system with the power of more than 4kW and can be applied to an aviation unmanned aerial vehicle, and the application requirement of changing a brush direct current starter generator into a brushless starter generator;
2. the high-power starter generator controller for aviation low-voltage direct current and the control method thereof can work in a matched mode with a permanent magnet synchronous starter generator, a three-stage starter generator, a synchronous reluctance starter generator and other starter generators;
3. Compared with a starting generator controller adopting a single three-phase full bridge, the high-power starting generator controller and the control method for aviation low-voltage direct current, which are provided, overcome the defects that when the power generation output is more than 28V and 1kW, the starting generator current is large, the motor and the controller are difficult to realize, and the power density of the motor and the controller is low;
4. compared with ground starting and air power generation starting generator systems, the high-power starting generator controller for aviation low-voltage direct current and the control method thereof overcome the defects that the high-power starting generator controller cannot be started in the air and the AC/DC in the power generation controller cannot be stabilized;
5. the AC/DC stage in the starter generator controller performs voltage stabilization control, and has a voltage stabilization function relative to a full bridge rectified by a diode, so that the conversion difficulty of a DC/DC stage direct current bus can be remarkably reduced;
6. when the AC/DC level in the starter generator controller works in a stable voltage mode, three power tubes of the upper bridge arm are all constantly turned off, and compared with a three-phase full bridge controlled by six power tubes, the AC/DC level of the starter generator controller is free from bridge arm straight-through risk;
7. the AC/DC stage in the starter generator controller adopts a three-phase Boost rectification mode to stabilize voltage, the duty ratio of a power tube can be slowly increased from 0 when the power generation control is started, the direct-current voltage can stably rise, and the risk that bus overvoltage exists in the starting power generation voltage stabilization transient state is avoided like the PWM rectification control adopting an SVPWM mode;
8. The voltage stabilization of the AC/DC stage is realized by utilizing the generator inductance in the starter generator controller, so that the weight of a magnetic element in the starter generator controller is effectively reduced.
9. The transformers in the starter generator controller adopt a primary series connection and a secondary parallel connection mode, so that automatic current sharing of a plurality of MOS tube full bridges is realized;
10. the transformer in the starter generator controller adopts a laminated amorphous iron core, so that the working magnetic induction intensity is improved to more than 1T from 0.3T relative to a ferrite core, the power density of the transformer is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the radiating effect is obviously enhanced relative to the ferrite core and a winding amorphous iron core;
11. the flat copper wire winding is adopted for winding the transformer in the starter generator controller, and the window utilization coefficient is improved from 0.15-0.3 to 0.5-0.7 relative to the winding, so that the power density of the transformer is remarkably improved;
12. the DC/DC stage of the starter generator controller works at a full duty ratio, so that the effective current is the lowest under the same output power, and the DC/DC stage has high efficiency and high power density;
13. the working frequency of the starter generator controller is below 10kHz, the switching frequency is low, the loss is low, the additional weight required by heat dissipation is low, and meanwhile, the higher harmonic frequency spectrum is concentrated at the low frequency, so that the requirements of the GJB181 on the power supply frequency spectrum are more easily met;
14. The starter generator controller has no inductance, does not have the risk of overcurrent saturation of the inductance, and can meet the overload requirements of 1.5 times of overload for 5min and 2 times of overload for 5 s.
15. In the power generation state, the multiple MOS tube full bridges work in the synchronous rectification state, and the efficiency is obviously improved relative to diode rectification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a starter generator controller of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-phase full-bridge circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an H-bridge according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a full bridge circuit of a transformer and MOS transistors according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an amorphous flat copper wire transformer according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase over-current signal generating circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows an H-bridge over-current signal generating circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of the driving waveforms of the H-bridge and MOS transistor full-bridge according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase full-bridge starting control of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of a three-phase full-bridge equivalent circuit in the power generation state of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a voltage regulator in the power generation state of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a main waveform diagram of three-phase full-bridge control in the power generation state of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the above.
The present embodiment is a 12kW permanent magnet synchronous starter generator controller. The permanent magnet synchronous starter generator provides mechanical rotational speed input by the unmanned aerial vehicle engine. The maximum power generation rotation speed of the permanent magnet synchronous generator is 2 times of the minimum generator rotation speed. The power supply output was 28VDC and the output power was 12kW. The embodiment application background is an aviation unmanned aerial vehicle, and the onboard equipment adopts a 28V LVDC power supply system. The working frequency of the three-phase full bridge is 9kHz, and the working frequency of the H bridge and the MOS tube full bridge is 8kHz.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a starter generator controller, which is a high-power starter generator controller device for aviation low-voltage direct current, and comprises a three-phase full bridge, an H bridge, transformers 1 and 2 … … n, MOS tube full bridges 1 and 2 … … n, a control circuit, a power generation auxiliary power supply, an auxiliary power supply and a current sensor S A 、S B 、S C 、S H Diode D A And D B The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The three-phase output A, B and C of the starting generator are connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of a direct current bus Vz through a three-phase full bridge, the positive pole and the negative pole of an H bridge are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz, the homonymous end of v1 of the H bridge is connected with the homonymous end of primary v11 of a transformer 1, and the heteronymous end of primary v11 of the transformer 1-the homonymous end of primary v11 of the transformer 2 are connected withPrimary v12 homonymous end is connected with primary v12 homonymous end of transformer 2-primary v1n homonymous end of transformer n-v 1 homonymous end of H bridge-connection, secondary v21 homonymous end of transformer 1-homonymous end of MOS tube full bridge 1-homonymous end and heteronymous end of MOS tube full bridge 1-connection respectively, positive pole and negative pole of MOS tube full bridge 1 are connected with positive pole and negative pole of DC bus Vo respectively, secondary v22 homonymous end of transformer 2-homonymous end of MOS tube full bridge 2-connection respectively, the positive pole and the negative pole of the MOS tube full bridge 2 are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct current bus Vo, the same name end and the different name end of the secondary v2n of the transformer n are respectively connected with the same name end and the different name end of the MOS tube full bridge n, the positive pole and the negative pole of the MOS tube full bridge n are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct current bus Vo, the input positive pole and the negative pole of the power generation auxiliary power supply are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz, the output positive pole and the negative pole of the power generation auxiliary power supply are respectively connected with the input positive pole and the negative pole of the auxiliary power supply, the output of the auxiliary power supply is connected with the power supply end of the control circuit, and the positive pole of the starting power supply Vs is connected with the positive pole of the starting power supply through the diode D A Anode a, diode D of (a) A The cathode C of the starting power supply Vs is connected with the anode of the direct current bus Vo through a diode D B Anode a, diode D of (a) B The cathode C of the starting power supply Vs is connected with the cathode of the direct current bus Vo and the input cathode of the auxiliary power supply respectively, the position signal P of the starting generator is connected with the control circuit, and the current sensor S A 、S B And S is C The power ends of (a) are respectively connected with the A, B, C end of the starting generator, and the current sensor S A 、S B 、S C Output terminal i of (2) A 、i B 、i C Connected with the control circuit, a current sensor S H Is connected with the v1 homonymous terminal of the H bridge, and is provided with a current sensor S H Output terminal i of (2) H Is connected with a control circuit which outputs six paths of driving signals G A Is connected with a three-phase full bridge, and the control circuit outputs four paths of driving signals G B Connected with the H bridge, the control circuit outputs 4n paths of driving signals G C Is respectively connected with the MOS tube full bridges 1 and 2 … … n, the positive electrode of the direct current bus Vz andthe negative electrode is connected with the control circuit, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vo are connected with the control circuit.
The power generation auxiliary power supply is realized based on an LYT6070C chip of PI company, the chip is a flyback voltage converter chip integrating a power tube and a control circuit, and the efficiency of the power tube GaN switch tube is high. The auxiliary power source generates 12V and 5V power using power modules SD24100H12S and SAY2410H05S of the company of sublimation from Sichuan. The current sensors SA, SB, SC and SH are realized by ACS781KLRTR-150B-T chips of Allegro company, the range is-150A to +150A, and the size is only 6.4mm multiplied by 6.4mm. The control circuit main control unit adopts a DSP+FPGA structure, the DSP adopts TMS320F28335PGFA of TI company, and the FPGA adopts EP3C25E144C7N of Altera company.
Fig. 2 shows a three-phase full-bridge circuit diagram. The three-phase full bridge comprises an A-phase bridge arm, a B-phase bridge arm, a C-phase bridge arm and a filter capacitor C dc The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Is formed by starting a generator A end and an A phase bridge arm IGBT tube Q A1 Emitter E and IGBT tube Q of (C) A2 Collector C of (A) phase bridge arm IGBT tube Q A1 The collector C of (C) is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current bus Vz, and the IGBT tube Q of the A-phase bridge arm A2 The emitter E of the (E) is connected with the negative electrode of a direct current bus Vz, and the B end of the starter generator is connected with a B-phase bridge arm IGBT tube Q A3 Emitter E and IGBT tube Q of (C) A4 Collector C of B-phase arm IGBT tube QA3 is connected with positive electrode of DC bus Vz, B-phase arm IGBT tube Q A4 The emitter E of the (E) is connected with the negative electrode of a direct current bus Vz, and the C end of the starter generator is connected with a C-phase bridge arm IGBT tube Q A5 Emitter E and IGBT tube Q of (C) A6 Collector C of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q of C phase A5 The collector C of (C) is connected with the positive pole of a direct current bus Vz, and the IGBT tube Q of the C-phase bridge arm A6 The emitter E of (C) is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vz, and the two ends of the filter capacitor Cdc are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vz.
The bridge arms of the A phase, the B phase and the C phase adopt six-tube IGBT modules FS400R07A3E3 of infineon company. Filter capacitor C dc The SHB-500-35-4F# film capacitors of 5 EACO companies are connected in parallel, the withstand voltage of a single capacitor is 500V and 35 mu F, the size is 42.5X30X45 mm, and the capacitor can bear the effective value of 17A ripple current.
Fig. 3 shows an H-bridge circuit diagram, where the H-bridge includes a homonymous end bridge arm and a heteronymous end bridge arm; is formed by the positive electrode of a direct current bus Vz and a bridge arm IGBT tube Q at the same name end B1 The collector C of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q with the same name and the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz is connected with the collector C of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q B2 Emitter E of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q with the same name end B1 Emitter E and IGBT tube Q of (C) B2 Collector C and v 1 Is connected with the same name end of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q of the different name end of the positive electrode of the direct current bus Vz B3 The collector C of the bridge arm IGBT tube Q of the opposite-name end bridge arm is connected with the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz B4 Emitter E of (A) is connected with, and IGBT tube Q of the bridge arm of the different name end B3 Emitter E and IGBT tube Q of (C) B4 Collector C and v 1 Is formed by connecting the different name ends.
The H bridge is realized by using fineon company 4F 4-50R06W1E3 only.
Fig. 4 shows a full-bridge circuit diagram of a transformer and MOS transistors, in which the full-bridge circuits 1 and 2 … … n of the MOS transistors are the same, and for any one of the full-bridge circuits x, x=1 and 2 … … n of the MOS transistor, the full-bridge circuit diagram comprises a MOS transistor Q x1 、Q x2 、Q x3 、Q x4 And capacitor C ox The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Is respectively connected with Q by homonymous terminal x1 Sources S and Q of (2) x2 The drain electrode D of the (C) is connected with the drain electrode D of the source electrode S of the Qx3 and the drain electrode D of the Qx4 respectively, and the positive electrode of the direct current bus Vo is connected with the drain electrode Q x1 、Q x3 Is connected with the drain electrode D of the direct current bus Vo, and the negative electrode and Q of the direct current bus Vo x2 、 Q x4 The source electrode S of the capacitor Cox is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vo respectively.
For this application n=3, the primary-secondary turn ratio of each transformer is 3:1. the transformers in the starter generator controller adopt a primary series connection and a secondary parallel connection mode, so that automatic current sharing of the MOS tube full bridges 1 and 2 … … n is realized. The 12 power tube adopts two six-tube FM600TU-07A modules of MITSUBISHI company, the withstand voltage is 75V, the current is 300A, and the on-resistance is 0.53mΩ.
The starter generator controller has no inductance, does not have the risk of overcurrent saturation of the inductance, and can meet the overload requirements of 1.5 times of overload for 5min and 2 times of overload for 5 s. The peak value of the voltage of the corresponding three-phase winding wire under the condition of the maximum power generation rotating speed and no load of the starting generator is 230V.
The starter generator provides a position signal P to the control circuit, wherein the position signal P comprises an angle signal theta and a rotating speed signal n, and the angle signal theta is referenced by taking the zero crossing point of the falling section of the A-phase voltage vA as 0 DEG; in the control circuit, when three-phase current i A 、i B 、i C Any one phase current exceeds the forward maximum threshold current I max When in use, three-phase overcurrent signal I ShutA The output is low, otherwise high; in the control circuit, when the primary current i of the transformer H Higher than the forward maximum threshold current I refH And primary current i H Less than the reverse minimum threshold current I refL When the transformer primary overcurrent signal I ShutB The output is low, otherwise high; the output voltage of the power generation auxiliary power supply during normal operation is designed to be slightly higher than the voltage of the starting power supply Vs, and the power generation auxiliary power supply passes through the second diode D through the starting power supply Vs during starting B And the auxiliary power supply is used for supplying power to the control circuit, and the power supply is realized through the direct current bus Vz, the power generation auxiliary power supply and the auxiliary power supply during power generation.
During starting control, energy is output to a starting generator through a starting power supply Vs, a direct current bus Vo, MOS tube full bridges 1 and 2 … … n, transformers 1 and 2 … … n and an H bridge, and three-phase full bridges;
during power generation control, energy is output to a direct current bus Vo through a starting generator, a three-phase full bridge, an H bridge, transformers 1 and 2 … … n and MOS tube full bridges 1 and 2 … … n.
The iron core of the transformer adopts a laminated amorphous iron core, and the winding is realized by adopting flat copper wires. As shown in FIG. 5, the EE type iron core is 45 multiplied by 34 multiplied by 25mm in size and is realized by stacking 22-25 mu m amorphous materials. The flat copper wire adopts the specification of 0.8x5mm, the additional alternating current loss caused by the proximity effect is reduced through the staggered parallel connection of the primary winding and the secondary winding of the transformer, and the additional alternating current loss caused by the skin effect is restrained through the flat copper wire of 0.8 mm. The flat copper primary winding has only 1 form, the secondary winding has only 1 form, the types of parts are obviously reduced, and the amorphous magnetic core works in the states of 1T and 8 kHz. The weight of the single transformer is about 350 g.
The transformer in the starter generator controller adopts a laminated amorphous iron core, so that the working magnetic induction intensity is improved to more than 1T from 0.3T relative to a ferrite core, the power density of the transformer is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the heat dissipation effect is obviously enhanced relative to the ferrite core and a winding amorphous iron core.
The flat copper wire winding is adopted for winding the transformer in the starter generator controller, and the window utilization coefficient is improved from 0.15-0.3 to 0.5-0.7 relative to the winding, so that the power density of the transformer is remarkably improved.
Three-phase overcurrent signal I ShutA The comparator C can be realized by the circuit shown in FIG. 6 A 、C B And C C The four rail-to-rail comparator chip ADCMP393ARZ implementation from ADI is used. Primary overcurrent signal I of transformer ShutB The comparator C can be realized by the circuit shown in FIG. 7 H And C L The dual rail to rail comparator chip ADCMP392ARZ implementation from ADI is used.
The control method for the aviation low-voltage direct-current high-power starter generator controller comprises the following steps of:
a: the energy is sequentially output to a starting generator through a starting power supply Vs, a direct current bus Vo, an MOS tube full bridge, a transformer, an H bridge and a three-phase full bridge; the method comprises the following specific steps: a10, the starting power supply Vs passes through the first diode D A The power supply is connected to the direct current bus Vo, and the starting power supply Vs supplies energy to the direct current bus Vo; a20, converting the direct-current voltage Vo into alternating-current voltage through the MOS tube full bridge, and driving G for any MOS tube full bridge at the moment C1 And G C4 Same, G C2 And G C3 In the same way, if there is always a primary overcurrent signal I of the transformer in one switching period ShutB =1, drive G C1 And G C2 Is a complementary waveform close to 50% duty cycle, at G C1 Or G C2 When it is high, if I ShutB From high to low, G is advanced C1 Or G C2 From high to low until the end of this switching cycle; a30, respectively boosting the secondary alternating voltage into primary alternating voltage by the transformer; a40, voltage v after primary alternating voltage of multiple transformers is connected in series 1 Converted into direct voltage V through H bridge z At this time, the driving signals of the H-bridge power tube are low and pass through the power tube Q B1 ～Q B4 Parallel diode for realizing AC voltage v 1 To DC voltage V z Is transformed by (a); a50, three-phase full bridge will direct current voltage V z Converting the three-phase full bridge into a variable-voltage variable-frequency alternating current driving starting generator to work, and at the moment, using a SVPWM control mode of a quasi-speed outer ring and a current inner ring for the three-phase full bridge;
the driving logic of the H-bridge and the MOS full-bridge in step a20 and step a40 is shown in fig. 8 (a). In step a50, the control principle of the three-phase full bridge is shown in fig. 9.
B: the power generation control, the energy is output to the DC bus Vo through the starting generator, the three-phase full bridge, the H bridge, the transformer and the MOS tube full bridge; the method comprises the following specific steps: b10, converting the three-phase variable-voltage variable-frequency alternating current output by the starting generator into voltage-stabilizing direct current V through a three-phase full bridge z At this time, Q of three-phase full bridge A1 、Q A3 And Q A5 Corresponding to drive G of (1) A1 、G A3 And G A5 Constant low, equivalent to Q A1 、Q A3 And Q A5 By controlling Q A1 、Q A3 And Q A5 Is a driving signal G of (2) A2 、G A4 And G A6 Realizing voltage stabilization; b20, through H bridge will stabilize voltage direct current V z Conversion to constant frequency ac v 1 At this time, drive G B1 And G B4 Same, G B2 And G B3 In the same way, if there is always a primary overcurrent signal I of the transformer in one switching period ShutB =1, drive G B1 And G B4 Is a complementary waveform close to 50% duty cycle, at G B1 Or G B2 When it is high, if I ShutB The time delay is 1 mu s and G is advanced B1 Or G B2 From high to low until the end of this switching cycle; b30, fixed frequency AC v 1 Is serially distributed to the primary of a transformer which steps down the primary ac voltage to a secondary ac voltage; b40, converting the alternating voltage into direct voltage V through MOS tube full bridge o At this time, for any MOS tube full bridge, drive G C1 And G C4 Same, G C2 And G C3 Same, drive G C1 And G C2 Respectively with H bridge drive G B1 And G B2 Essentially the same, only drive G C1 And G C2 Respectively at drive G B1 And G B2 The delay is 1 mu s after the high is high, and the driving G B1 And G B2 The first 1 μs is low to ensure Q 1 ～Q 4 The turn-on of the MOS tube occurs before the turn-off of the MOS tube occurs after the parallel diode is turned on.
The equivalent circuit of the three-phase full bridge in the step B10 is shown in fig. 10. When the AC/DC level in the starter generator controller works in a stable voltage mode, the three power tubes of the upper bridge arm are all constantly turned off, and compared with a three-phase full bridge controlled by the six power tubes, the AC/DC level of the starter generator controller is free from bridge arm straight-through risk. The AC/DC stage in the starter generator controller is subjected to voltage stabilizing control, and has a voltage stabilizing function relative to a full bridge rectified by a diode, so that the conversion difficulty of a DC/DC stage direct current bus can be remarkably reduced.
The driving logic of the H-bridge and the MOS transistor full bridge x in step B20 and step B40 is shown in fig. 8 (B). Since the DC/DC stage of the starter generator controller operates at full duty cycle, the effective current is lowest, the DC/DC stage is efficient and the power density is high at the same output power. In the power generation state, the MOS tube full bridges 1 and 2 … … n work in a synchronous rectification state, and the efficiency is obviously improved relative to diode rectification.
In the step B10, the conversion of the three-phase variable-voltage variable-frequency ac output by the starter generator into the regulated dc Vz through the three-phase full bridge includes the following steps:
b11 by applying a reference voltage V refo After the difference with the bus voltage Vo, the regulated compensation voltage delta V is obtained through the proportional regulator P and the low-pass filter LPF, and the direct current voltage V is obtained z Is regulated with reference to the voltage-stabilized reference signal V refz Summing with the compensation voltage DeltaV to obtain a reference signal V calculated by the voltage loop ref V is set up ref And V is equal to z The difference is made to obtain an error signal err, and the error signal err is processed by a proportional integral regulator PI to obtain a voltage signal V representing the duty ratio D V is set up D The same phase terminal of the comparator CTriangular wave signal V at the opposite end tri Comparing to obtain duty ratio signal D of output end raw ；
B12, if there is three-phase overcurrent signal I in one period ShutA =1, then d=d raw If there is three-phase overcurrent signal I in one period ShutA =0, then in the presence of I ShutA Before =0, d=d raw At I ShutA After=0, d=0 to the end of this switching cycle;
b13, A, B, C phase voltages v of the motor A 、v B When the voltage of one phase in vc is highest, the duty ratio signal D is sent to G in a time-sharing manner A2 、G A4 And G A6 Drive Q A2 、 Q A4 And QA 6 When working, i.e. θ=210° to 330 °, G A2 When =d, θ=0° to 90 °, 330 ° to 360 °, G A4 When =d, θ=90° to 210 °, G A6 ＝D。
Generating a duty cycle signal D in step B11 raw The principle of (2) is shown in figure 11. The working principle of the step B13 is shown in fig. 12. The AC/DC stage in the starter generator controller adopts a three-phase Boost rectification mode to stabilize voltage, the duty ratio of a power tube can be slowly increased from 0 when the power generation control is started, the direct-current voltage Vz can be stably increased, and the risk that bus overvoltage exists in the starting power generation voltage stabilization transient state unlike the PWM rectification control adopting an SVPWM mode is avoided. The voltage stabilization of the AC/DC stage is realized by utilizing the generator inductance in the starter generator controller, so that the weight of a magnetic element in the starter generator controller is effectively reduced.
Compared with a starting generator controller adopting a simple three-phase full bridge, the high-power starting generator controller for aviation low-voltage direct current and the control method thereof provided by the invention overcome the defects that when the power generation output is more than 28V and 1kW, the starting generator current is large, the motor and the controller are difficult to realize, and the power density of the motor and the controller is low.
Compared with ground starting and air power generation starting generator systems, the high-power starting generator controller and the control method for aviation low-voltage direct current are provided, and the defects that the air starting cannot be realized and the AC/DC in the power generation controller cannot be stabilized are overcome.
The working frequency of the starter generator controller is below 10kHz, the switching frequency is low, the loss is low, the additional weight required by heat dissipation is low, and meanwhile, the higher harmonic frequency spectrum is concentrated at the low frequency, so that the requirements of the GJB181 on the power supply frequency spectrum are more easily met.
The high-power starter generator controller and the control method for aviation low-voltage direct current are suitable for LVDC aviation power supply systems with output of 28V and power of more than 4kW, and can be applied to aviation unmanned aerial vehicles and application requirements of changing brush direct current starter generators into brushless starter generators.
The high-power starter generator controller and the control method for aviation low-voltage direct current provided by the invention can be matched with a three-stage starter generator, a synchronous reluctance starter generator and other starter generators besides matching with the permanent magnet synchronous starter generator in the embodiment.

Claims (5)

1. A controller for an aviation low voltage dc high power starter generator, characterized by: the three-phase full bridge comprises a three-phase full bridge, an H bridge, a transformer, a MOS tube full bridge, a direct current bus Vz, a direct current bus Vo, a control circuit, a power generation auxiliary power supply, an auxiliary power supply, a first current sensor SA, a second current sensor SB, a third current sensor SC, an H bridge current sensor SH, a first diode DA and a second diode DB; the three-phase output A, B and C of the starting generator are connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vz through a three-phase full bridge, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the H bridge are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vz; the power ends of the first current sensor SA, the second current sensor SB and the third current sensor SC are respectively connected with the A, B, C end of the starting generator, the output ends iA, iB and iC of the first current sensor SA, the second current sensor SB and the third current sensor SC are connected with the control circuit, the power end of the H-bridge current sensor SH is connected with the homonymous end of the H-bridge, and the output end iH of the H-bridge current sensor SH is connected with the control circuit; the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input of the power generation auxiliary power supply are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vz, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the output of the power generation auxiliary power supply are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input of the auxiliary power supply, the output of the auxiliary power supply is connected with the power supply end of the control circuit, the positive electrode of the starting power supply Vs is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus Vo through a first diode DA, the positive electrode of the starting power supply Vs is connected with the positive electrode of the input of the auxiliary power supply through a second diode DB, the negative electrode of the starting power supply Vs is respectively connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vo and the negative electrode of the input of the auxiliary power supply, and the position signal P of the starting power supply is connected with the control circuit; the same-name end of the H bridge is connected with the primary same-name end of the transformer, the primary different-name end of the transformer is connected with the different-name end of the H bridge, the secondary same-name end and the secondary different-name end of the transformer are respectively connected with the same-name end and the different-name end of the MOS tube full bridge, and the positive pole and the negative pole of the MOS tube full bridge are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct current bus Vo; the control circuit is connected with the three-phase full bridge, the H bridge and the MOS tube full bridge, and outputs driving signals to the three-phase full bridge, the H bridge and the MOS tube full bridge; the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vz are connected with a control circuit, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vo are connected with the control circuit; the number of the transformers is multiple, the homonymous end of the H bridge is connected with the primary homonymous end of the first transformer, the primary heteronymous end of the first transformer is sequentially connected with the primary homonymous end of the next transformer until the last transformer, and the H bridge heteronymous end is connected with the primary heteronymous end of the last transformer; the MOS tube full bridges are also multiple and correspond to the transformers one by one, the positive poles and the negative poles of the MOS tube full bridges are respectively connected with the positive poles and the negative poles of the direct current buses Vo, and the homonymous ends and the heteronymous ends of the MOS tube full bridges are respectively connected with the secondary homonymous ends and the secondary heteronymous ends of the transformers corresponding to the MOS tube full bridges; the three-phase full bridge comprises an A-phase bridge arm, a B-phase bridge arm, a C-phase bridge arm and a filter capacitor Cdc; the A-phase bridge arm comprises an IGBT tube QA1 and an IGBT tube QA2, the A end of the starter generator is connected with an emitter E of the IGBT tube QA1 of the A-phase bridge arm and a collector C of the IGBT tube QA2, the collector C of the A-phase bridge arm IGBT tube QA1 is connected with the positive pole of a direct current bus Vz, the emitter E of the A-phase bridge arm IGBT tube QA2 is connected with the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz, the B-phase bridge arm comprises an IGBT tube QA3 and an IGBT tube QA4, the B end of the starter generator is connected with the emitter E of the B-phase bridge arm IGBT tube QA3 and the collector C of the IGBT tube QA4, the collector C of the B-phase bridge arm IGBT tube QA3 is connected with the positive pole of the direct current bus Vz, the C end of the C-phase bridge arm IGBT tube QA5 is connected with the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz, and the C-phase bridge arm QA6 is connected with the positive pole of the direct current bus Vz, and the C end of the C-phase bridge arm IGBT tube QA5 is connected with the positive pole of the direct current bus Vz, and the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz is connected with the negative pole of the direct current bus Vz, respectively; a direct current bus V1 is arranged between two ends of the H bridge, and the H bridge comprises a homonymous end bridge arm and a heteronymous end bridge arm; the same-name end bridge arm comprises an IGBT tube QB1 and an IGBT tube QB2, the positive electrode of the direct current bus Vz is connected with the collector C of the same-name end bridge arm IGBT tube QB1, the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vz is connected with the emitter E of the same-name end bridge arm IGBT tube QB2, the emitter E of the same-name end bridge arm IGBT tube QB1 and the collector C of the IGBT tube QB2 are connected with the same-name end of the direct current bus V1, and the primary same-name end of the transformer is connected with the same-name end of the direct current bus V1; the different-name end bridge arm comprises an IGBT tube QB3 and an IGBT tube QB4, the positive electrode of the direct current bus Vz is connected with the collector C of the different-name end bridge arm IGBT tube QB3, the negative electrode of the direct current bus Vz is connected with the emitter E of the different-name end bridge arm IGBT tube QB4, the emitter E of the different-name end bridge arm IGBT tube QB3 and the collector C of the IGBT tube QB4 are connected with the different-name end of the direct current bus V1, and the primary different-name end of the transformer is connected with the different-name end of the direct current bus V1; the starter generator provides a position signal P to the control circuit, wherein the position signal P comprises an angle signal theta and a rotating speed signal n, and the angle signal theta is referenced by taking the zero crossing point of the falling section of the A-phase voltage vA as 0 DEG; in the control circuit, when any one phase of current in three phases of currents iA, iB and iC exceeds a forward maximum threshold current Imax, the output of a three-phase overcurrent signal IShutA is low, otherwise, the output of the three-phase overcurrent signal IShutA is high; in the control circuit, when the primary current iH of the transformer is higher than the forward maximum threshold current IrefH and the primary current iH is smaller than the reverse minimum threshold current IrefL, the primary overcurrent signal IShutB of the transformer is output to be low, otherwise, the primary overcurrent signal IShutB of the transformer is output to be high; the output voltage of the power generation auxiliary power supply during normal operation is designed to be slightly higher than the voltage of the starting power supply Vs, the starting power supply Vs is used for supplying power to the control circuit through the second diode DB and the auxiliary power supply during starting, and the direct-current bus Vz, the power generation auxiliary power supply and the auxiliary power supply are used for supplying power to the control circuit during power generation.
2. A control method for an aviation low-voltage direct-current high-power starter generator controller according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
a: the energy is sequentially output to a starting generator through a starting power supply Vs, a direct current bus Vo, an MOS tube full bridge, a transformer, an H bridge and a three-phase full bridge; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a10, a starting power supply Vs is connected to a direct current bus Vo through a first diode DA, and the starting power supply Vs supplies energy to the direct current bus Vo;
a20, converting the direct-current voltage Vo into alternating-current voltage through a full-bridge of MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes, wherein at the moment, for any full-bridge of MOS tubes, GC1 and GC4 are driven, GC2 and GC3 are driven to be identical, in one switching period, if a primary overcurrent signal IShutB=1 of a transformer is always present, GC1 and GC2 are driven to be complementary waveforms close to 50% duty ratio, and when GC1 or GC2 is high, GC1 or GC2 is set from high to low in advance until the switching period is ended if IShutB is changed from high to low;
a30, respectively boosting the secondary alternating voltage into primary alternating voltage by the transformer;
a40, converting voltage v1 of the primary alternating voltage of the plurality of transformers into direct voltage Vz through an H bridge, wherein at the moment, driving signals of power tubes of the H bridge are low, and the conversion from the alternating voltage v1 to the direct voltage Vz is realized through parallel diodes of power tubes QB 1-QB 4;
The three-phase full bridge converts the direct-current voltage Vz into variable-voltage variable-frequency alternating current to drive a starting generator to work, and at the moment, the three-phase full bridge uses a SVPWM control mode of a quasi-speed outer ring and a current inner ring;
b: the power generation control, the energy is output to the DC bus Vo through the starting generator, the three-phase full bridge, the H bridge, the transformer and the MOS tube full bridge; the method comprises the following specific steps:
b10, converting the three-phase variable-voltage variable-frequency alternating current output by the starting generator into voltage-stabilizing direct current (Vz) through a three-phase full bridge, wherein at the moment, corresponding driving GA1, GA3 and GA5 of QA1, QA3 and QA5 of the three-phase full bridge are kept low, and the voltage stabilization is realized by controlling driving signals GA2, GA4 and GA6 of QA1, QA3 and QA5 only through parallel diodes of QA1, QA3 and QA 5;
b20, converting the regulated direct current Vz into fixed frequency alternating current v1 through an H bridge, driving GB1 and GB4 to be the same, driving GB2 and GB3 to be the same, and in one switching period, driving GB1 and GB4 to be complementary waveforms close to 50% duty ratio if a primary overcurrent signal IShutB=1 is always present, and when GB1 or GB2 is high, setting GB1 or GB2 from high to low in advance after delaying for 1 mu s until the switching period is finished if IShutB is high to low;
b30, the constant-frequency alternating current v1 is distributed to the primary of a transformer in series, and the transformer reduces the primary alternating voltage into the secondary alternating voltage;
B40, converting the alternating voltage into direct voltage Vo through the MOS tube full bridge, wherein at the moment, for any MOS tube full bridge, the driving GC1 is the same as GC4, the driving GC2 is the same as GC3, the driving GC1 and the driving GC2 are respectively the same as the driving GB1 and the driving GB2 of the H bridge, only the driving GC1 and the driving GC2 are respectively high after the driving GB1 and the driving GB2 are respectively high and the time delay is 1 mu s, and the driving GB1 mu s is low before the driving GB1 and the driving GB2 are low, so that the MOS tubes in Q1-Q4 are conducted after the parallel diodes are conducted, and the MOS tubes are turned off before the parallel diodes are conducted.
3. The control method for an aviation low-voltage direct-current high-power starter generator controller according to claim 2, characterized by: in the step B10, the conversion of the three-phase variable-voltage variable-frequency ac output by the starter generator into the regulated dc Vz through the three-phase full bridge includes the following steps:
b11, obtaining a stabilized compensation voltage DeltaV through a proportion regulator P and a low-pass filter LPF after the reference voltage Vrefo is differed from the busbar voltage Vo, summing the stabilized reference signal Vrefz of the direct-current voltage Vz and the compensation voltage DeltaV to obtain a reference signal Vref calculated by a voltage loop, obtaining an error signal err after the difference between Vref and Vz is obtained, obtaining a voltage signal VD representing the duty ratio after the error signal err is processed by a proportion integral regulator PI, and comparing the triangular wave signal Vtri of the same phase end and the opposite end of the VD sent to a comparator C to obtain a duty ratio signal Draw of an output end;
B12, if there is a three-phase overcurrent signal ishuta=1 in one period, d=draw, if there is a three-phase overcurrent signal ishuta=0 in one period, d=draw before ishuta=0 occurs, and d=0 ends up the one switching period after ishuta=0;
b13, when the voltage of one of A, B, C phases vA, vB and vc of the motor is highest, the duty ratio signal D is respectively supplied to GA2, GA4 and GA6 in a time-sharing manner, so that QA2, QA4 and QA6 are driven to operate, that is, GA 2=d, θ=0° to 90 °, 330 ° to 360 ° and GA 4=d, θ=90 ° to 210 °.
4. The controller for an aviation low voltage dc high power starter generator of claim 1, wherein: the iron core of the transformer adopts a laminated amorphous iron core, and the winding is realized by adopting flat copper wires.
5. The controller for an aviation low voltage dc high power starter generator of claim 1, wherein: the peak value of the voltage of the corresponding three-phase winding wire under the condition of the maximum power generation rotating speed and no load of the starting generator is 230V.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102386829A (en) * 2011-08-24 2012-03-21 南京航空航天大学 Starting power generation system for electric automobile
CN108712093A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-10-26 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 A kind of supply convertor and its control method of high-speed permanent magnetic starter-generator
CN111934569A (en) * 2020-06-30 2020-11-13 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 Pulse power supply converter for supplying power to high-speed generator and conversion method thereof
CN112003518A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-11-27 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 High-speed doubly salient starting generator controller and control method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102386829A (en) * 2011-08-24 2012-03-21 南京航空航天大学 Starting power generation system for electric automobile
CN108712093A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-10-26 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 A kind of supply convertor and its control method of high-speed permanent magnetic starter-generator
CN112003518A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-11-27 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 High-speed doubly salient starting generator controller and control method thereof
CN111934569A (en) * 2020-06-30 2020-11-13 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 Pulse power supply converter for supplying power to high-speed generator and conversion method thereof

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