CN113922677A - LLC resonant converter, method and power supply system - Google Patents
LLC resonant converter, method and power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113922677A CN113922677A CN202111349896.0A CN202111349896A CN113922677A CN 113922677 A CN113922677 A CN 113922677A CN 202111349896 A CN202111349896 A CN 202111349896A CN 113922677 A CN113922677 A CN 113922677A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The application discloses LLC resonant converter includes: at least one bridge arm, a capacitor, an inductor, a transformer and a controller; at least one bridge arm comprises a controllable switch tube; the capacitor, the inductor and a primary winding of the transformer are connected in series to form an LLC resonant circuit; the LLC resonant circuit is connected with at least one bridge arm; the controller is used for sealing the controllable switching tube when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube have an intersection point, so that the LLC resonant circuit stops working; and when the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube do not have an intersection point, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally work. Because the scheme only samples two voltages, namely the grid source voltage and the voltages at two ends can control the controllable switching tube to realize ZVS, the realization mode is simple, and the wave is sealed in time when ZVS cannot be realized, the protection speed is high, and the fault caused by too high temperature rise is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of power electronics technologies, and in particular, to an LLC resonant converter, an LLC resonant converter method, and an LLC resonant converter power supply system.
Background
At present, the switching power supply converter is widely applied to various fields due to the advantages of high efficiency, small size and the like. Because the load directly uses direct current, the power supply system generally includes a DC/DC converter, and in order to improve power quality and avoid signal interference, the DC/DC converter mostly uses an isolated switching power supply, and the DC/DC converter is described by taking an LLC resonant converter as an example.
As the name implies, an LLC resonant converter comprises two ls, one of which is the primary winding of a transformer, and one C, which are connected in series to form a series resonance.
Referring to fig. 1, the diagram is a schematic diagram of an LLC resonant converter corresponding to a single-phase power supply system.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the capacitor Cr, the inductor Lr and the primary winding Lm are connected in series.
The LLC resonant converter is distinguished according to the circuit topology connected with the primary side of the transformer, and comprises a full-bridge LLC resonant converter and a half-bridge LLC resonant converter. The form of the rectification circuit connected with the secondary winding of the transformer is not limited, and the secondary rectification circuit can be realized by a diode or a controllable switching tube, which is described as an example in fig. 1.
Because the working frequency of the LLC resonant converter is particularly high in actual power conversion, i.e. the switching frequency of the switching tube on the primary side is particularly high, which is generally hundreds of kHz. Therefore, in order to reduce power consumption and ensure the safety of the switching tube, the switching tube on the primary side needs to realize Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS), that is, when the voltage at two ends of the switching tube approaches 0V, the switching tube can be turned on, so that the loss is minimum. If the ZVS can not be realized by the switching tube, the switching frequency is high, high heat can be accumulated quickly, the temperature rises suddenly, the switching tube is damaged, the normal operation can not be realized, and the whole power supply system is scrapped.
Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the switching tube can realize ZVS when the LLC resonant converter is in operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides an LLC resonant converter, a method and a power supply system, which can ensure that a switching tube in the LLC resonant converter realizes ZVS, so that the LLC resonant converter can normally operate.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:
the application provides an LLC resonant converter, includes: at least one bridge arm, a capacitor, an inductor, a transformer and a controller; at least one bridge arm comprises a controllable switch tube; the capacitor, the inductor and a primary winding of the transformer are connected in series to form an LLC resonant circuit;
the LLC resonant circuit is connected with at least one bridge arm;
the controller is used for sealing the controllable switching tube when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube have an intersection point, so that the LLC resonant circuit stops working; and when the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube do not have an intersection point, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally work.
Preferably, the controller is specifically configured to seal the wave to the controllable switching tube when the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is determined to be greater than the threshold voltage of the controllable switching tube at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube.
Preferably, the controller is specifically configured to control the controllable switching tube to normally operate when the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is determined to be smaller than a preset voltage at a falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube, where the preset voltage is smaller than a threshold voltage of the controllable switching tube.
Preferably, the controller is further configured to control the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be a preset frequency when the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube determines that the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is greater than the preset voltage and less than the threshold voltage, where the preset frequency is a minimum switching frequency allowed by the controllable switching tube.
Preferably, the controller is further configured to determine that the gain of the LLC resonant converter is within a preset range after controlling the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be a preset frequency, and control the controllable switching tube to operate normally, otherwise, perform wave sealing on the controllable switching tube.
Preferably, the controller is further configured to capture a falling edge of the voltage across the controllable switching tube.
Preferably, the LLC resonant converter comprises three-phase half-bridge legs;
the controller is specifically used for obtaining voltages at two ends of the controllable switching tube of each bridge arm in the three-phase half-bridge arms, and when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of at least one controllable switching tube in the controllable switching tubes of each bridge arm has an intersection point with the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube, wave sealing is carried out on all the controllable switching tubes of the three-phase half-bridge arms; and when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube do not have an intersection point, controlling the controllable switching tube in the three-phase half-bridge arm to normally work.
Preferably, the LLC resonant converter comprises a single-phase half-bridge leg;
the controller is specifically used for obtaining voltages at two ends of the controllable switching tube of each bridge arm in the single-phase half-bridge arm, and when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of at least one controllable switching tube in the controllable switching tubes of each bridge arm has an intersection point with the rising edge of the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube, wave sealing is carried out on all the controllable switching tubes of the single-phase half-bridge arm; and when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube do not have an intersection point, controlling the controllable switching tube in the single-phase half-bridge arm to normally work.
The application also provides a control method of the LLC resonant converter, wherein the LLC resonant converter comprises at least one bridge arm, a capacitor, an inductor, a transformer and a controller; at least one bridge arm comprises a controllable switch tube; the capacitor, the inductor and a primary winding of the transformer are connected in series to form an LLC resonant circuit; the LLC resonant circuit is connected with at least one bridge arm; the method comprises the following steps:
detecting the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube;
when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube are judged to have an intersection point, the controllable switching tube is sealed, and the LLC resonant circuit stops working;
and when the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube are judged to have no intersection point, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally work.
Preferably, the determining that there is an intersection between a falling edge of the voltage across the controllable switching tube and a rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube specifically includes:
and judging that the falling edges of the voltages at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have intersection points when the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is greater than the threshold voltage of the controllable switching tube at the falling edges of the voltages at the two ends of the controllable switching tube.
Preferably, the determining that there is no intersection point between the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube specifically includes:
judging that the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is smaller than a preset voltage at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube, and judging that the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have no intersection point; the preset voltage is smaller than the threshold voltage of the controllable switch tube.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and when the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is judged to be greater than the preset voltage and less than the threshold voltage at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube, controlling the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be the preset frequency, wherein the preset frequency is the minimum switching frequency allowed by the controllable switching tube.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and after controlling the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be a preset frequency, judging that the gain of the LLC resonant converter is in a preset interval, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally operate, and otherwise, carrying out wave sealing on the controllable switching tube.
The present application also provides a power supply system, including: a rectification circuit and an LLC resonant converter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;
the input end of the rectifying circuit is used for connecting alternating current;
the output end of the rectification circuit is connected with the input end of the LLC resonant converter.
According to the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the application provides an LLC resonant transformation ware, the controller is through judging controllable switch tube's both ends voltage and grid source voltage, whether decide to seal the ripples to controllable switch tube, specifically, when there is the crossing point in the falling edge of controllable switch tube's both ends voltage and the rising edge of controllable switch tube's grid source voltage, seal the ripples to controllable switch tube, because this moment explain that controllable switch tube's both ends voltage has not yet fallen to 0, then grid source voltage has begun to rise, controllable switch tube switches on this moment, then can't realize ZVS. On the contrary, when the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have no intersection point, it is indicated that the voltage at the two ends is already 0, and the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube rises, so that the controllable switching tube can be controlled to normally work, and ZVS is realized. Because the technical scheme that this application provided only samples two voltages, utilize grid source voltage and both ends voltage alright realize ZVS with the control controllable switch tube promptly, the realization mode is simple, in addition in time seals the ripples when can't realizing ZVS, and protection speed is very fast, avoids the temperature rise too high to break down.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an LLC resonant converter corresponding to a single-phase power supply system;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a half-bridge LLC resonant DC/DC converter provided in the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph of voltage waveforms provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph of another voltage waveform provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a control method of an LLC resonant converter according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of another control method of an LLC resonant converter according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to help better understand the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application, before describing the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, a scenario of an application of the scheme of the embodiment of the present application is described.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the operation principle of the DC/DC converter is described below.
The DC/DC converter provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced by taking an LLC resonant DC/DC converter as an example, and is distinguished according to a circuit topology connected to a primary side of a transformer, and may be a full-bridge LLC resonant DC/DC converter or a half-bridge LLC resonant DC/DC converter. The form of the rectifier circuit connected to the secondary winding of the transformer is not limited.
Referring to fig. 2, the diagram is a schematic diagram of a half-bridge LLC resonant DC/DC converter provided in the present application.
The LLC resonant DC/DC converter has the working principle that input direct current is converted into alternating current and is transmitted to a rectifying circuit at an output end through a transformer T, the rectifying circuit rectifies the alternating current into direct current and outputs the direct current, and the direct current is isolated by the transformer T, so that an interference signal isolation effect can be realized, and an interference signal of a primary winding of the transformer T cannot be transmitted to a secondary winding of the transformer T.
The primary winding of the transformer in fig. 2 comprises an excitation winding Lm; the resonant inductor Lr and the resonant capacitor Cr are connected in series with the primary winding of the transformer T to form LLC resonance. In fig. 2, a three-phase half-bridge is taken as an example, the input end of the LLC resonant DC/DC converter is connected to direct current, i.e. the positive DC bus Vbus + and the negative DC bus Vbus-, Vbus + and Vbus-are directly connected to a bus capacitor C, where Iar represents the output current of a single bridge arm. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the LLC resonant converter outputs DC current with Idc current, and outputs positive voltage Vout +, and negative voltage Vout-, wherein a Load is connected between Vout + and Vout-.
Because LLC resonance DC/DC converter is at the during operation, the switch tube operating frequency on the bridge arm is higher, therefore, in order to reduce the power consumption of switch tube, need the switch tube to realize ZVS, otherwise under higher switching frequency, if the switch tube can not realize ZVS, can pile up a large amount of heats in short time, the temperature rises suddenly, the switch tube will scrap and can not normally work, the technical scheme that this application provided can guarantee that the switch tube in LLC resonance DC/DC converter realizes ZVS, guarantee ZVS's safety, so that LLC resonance converter can normally work.
The LLC resonant converter can be divided into a capacitive region and a inductive region according to the magnitude of the operating frequency.
LLC capacitive area: when the working frequency is lower than the LLC resonant frequency, the resonant cavity is capacitive, the voltage of a capacitive area lags behind the current, and soft switching, namely ZVS, cannot be realized, so that the LLC resonant converter needs to be prevented from entering the capacitive area to work.
LLC sensitive area: when the working frequency is higher than the LLC resonant frequency, the resonant cavity is inductive, the voltage of an inductive area leads the current, the soft switching, namely ZVS, can be realized, and the LLC can normally work in the inductive area.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the drawings are described in detail below.
The LLC resonant converter provided in this embodiment includes: at least one bridge arm, a capacitor, an inductor, a transformer and a controller; the at least one bridge arm comprises a controllable switching tube; the capacitor, the inductor and a primary winding of the transformer are connected in series to form an LLC resonant circuit;
the LLC resonant circuit is connected with the at least one bridge arm; for example, fig. 2 illustrates a three-phase example, which includes three bridge arms, and an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm of each bridge arm include a switching tube, and the above bridge arm and the lower bridge arm in fig. 2 each include only one switching tube. In the following, any one of the switching tubes that needs to be controlled is taken as an example for description, and when the other switching tubes need to be controlled to operate, the principle is similar, and the description is not repeated.
The controller is used for sealing the controllable switching tube when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube have an intersection point, so that the LLC resonant circuit stops working; and when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube does not have an intersection point with the grid driving voltage of the controllable switching tube, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally work.
The wave blocking in this embodiment means stopping driving the controllable switch tube, i.e. stopping outputting the driving pulse signal, such as the PWM signal.
In fig. 2, the switching tubes of the bridge arms are MOS tubes for example, and the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube is the voltage between the drain D and the source S, i.e. Vds; the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is the voltage between the gate G and the source S, i.e. Vgs. The switching tube is turned on at ZVS, which means that Vds is 0 and Vds is not 0. The switch tube is driven to act when the Vgs of the switch tube is larger than or equal to the threshold voltage of the switch tube, and the switch tube is not conducted if the Vgs of the switch tube is smaller than the threshold voltage. Analyzing from the waveform of the voltage, the switching tube needs to drop the voltage at two ends to 0 when realizing ZVS, that is, the falling edge is finished, and the gate-source voltage starts to rise, which indicates that the voltage at two ends is already 0, and the gate-source voltage can be increased to drive the switching tube to be conducted. Conversely, if the falling edge of the voltage across the controllable switching tube has not ended, i.e. the voltage across the controllable switching tube has not decreased to 0, ZVS may not be achieved when the gate-source voltage has started to rise, and therefore the controllable switching tube is not allowed to act.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the controller determines whether to seal the controllable switching tube by judging the voltages at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the grid source voltage, specifically, when the falling edge of the voltages at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube have an intersection point, the controllable switching tube is sealed, because the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube does not fall to 0 at the moment, the grid source voltage starts to rise, and the controllable switching tube is switched on at the moment, the ZVS cannot be realized. On the contrary, when the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have no intersection point, it is indicated that the voltage at the two ends is already 0, and the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube rises, so that the controllable switching tube can be controlled to normally work, and ZVS is realized. Because the technical scheme that this application provided only samples two voltages, utilize grid source voltage and both ends voltage alright realize ZVS with the control controllable switch tube promptly, the realization mode is simple, in addition in time seals the ripples when can't realizing ZVS, and protection speed is very fast, avoids the temperature rise too high to break down.
The gate-source voltage and the two-terminal voltage of the controllable switching tube are analyzed by combining the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 3, a voltage waveform diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.
As can be seen from fig. 3, after the falling edge of Vds of the controllable switching tube is ended, the rising edge of Vgs appears, that is, there is no intersection point between the falling edge of Vds and the rising edge of Vgs, that is, the normal action is performed in this case, so that ZVS is implemented.
Referring to fig. 4, another voltage waveform diagram provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the falling edge of Vds of the controllable switch tube has not yet ended, and the rising edge of Vgs has already started, i.e. there is an intersection between the falling edge of Vds and the rising edge of Vgs, in which case the controllable switch tube may not act normally, and ZVS cannot be realized.
The controller in the embodiment of the present application may be a controller of the LLC resonant converter, and the controller may determine whether the controllable switching tube is operating normally or stopping the blocking wave according to Vds and Vgs.
Specifically, the controller is specifically configured to seal the wave to the controllable switching tube when the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is determined to be greater than the threshold voltage of the controllable switching tube at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube. The grid-source voltage of the controllable switch tube is enough to drive the controllable switch tube to be conducted, the voltage at two ends is not reduced to 0, the controllable switch tube is required to be sealed, the driving of the controllable switch tube is stopped, the controllable switch tube cannot be conducted, and the controllable switch tube is prevented from being conducted when the voltage at two ends is not 0.
And the controller is specifically used for controlling the controllable switching tube to normally work when the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is judged to be smaller than the preset voltage at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube, and the preset voltage is smaller than the threshold voltage of the controllable switching tube. Namely, at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends, the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is small enough and is not enough to drive the controllable switching tube to be conducted, so that the controllable switching tube can be controlled to normally work. In the embodiment of the present application, the value of the preset voltage is not specifically limited, and may be, for example, 2V. The value size can be selected according to the actual situation in the actual product, and the purpose of setting the preset voltage is to leave a certain margin, so that the state that the voltage enters a critical capacity region is prevented during normal operation.
And the controller is further used for controlling the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be a preset frequency when the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is judged to be greater than a preset voltage and smaller than a threshold voltage at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube, wherein the preset frequency is the minimum switching frequency allowed by the controllable switching tube. At this time, the controllable switching tube is in a critical state, that is, a critical capacitance region, and can normally operate, the current switching frequency of the controllable switching tube is set to be the lowest switching frequency, and the downward frequency modulation cannot be continued to improve the gain of the LLC resonant converter, and if the gain of the LLC resonant converter cannot meet the requirement at this time, the LLC resonant converter may be damaged or the performance cannot meet the requirement. And in the critical capacitance zone, the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube needs to be controlled, so that the controllable switching tube works at the allowed minimum switching frequency, namely the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube cannot be reduced any more, and if the switching frequency is reduced any more, the controllable switching tube stops working, namely the controllable switching tube enters the capacitive zone.
And the controller is also used for judging that the gain of the LLC resonant converter is in a preset interval after controlling the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be a preset frequency, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally operate, and otherwise, carrying out wave sealing on the controllable switching tube. That is, in the critical state, it is further necessary to determine whether the gain of the LLC resonant converter is within the range of the preset interval, and if the gain exceeds the range of the preset interval, the switching tube needs to be stopped working by sealing the wave.
And the controller is also used for capturing the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube, for example, the controller is realized by using a DSP (digital signal processor) which has the function of capturing the rising edge and the falling edge of the pulse signal at present. In addition, in specific implementation, Vds and Vgs can be sent to two I/O ports of the DSP, and the DSP can compare the relationship between the two.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can simultaneously detect the voltages at two ends and the gate source voltage of the controllable switching tube to be conducted, and as long as the voltage of one controllable switching tube does not meet the requirement, the controllable switching tubes of all bridge arms are subjected to wave sealing to ensure the safety of the whole LLC resonant converter. The following description will be made by taking a three-phase half-bridge arm and a single-phase half-bridge arm as examples.
The LLC resonant converter comprises a three-phase half-bridge arm;
the controller is specifically used for obtaining voltages at two ends of the controllable switching tube of each of the three-phase half-bridge arms, and when a falling edge of the voltage at two ends of at least one controllable switching tube in the controllable switching tubes of each of the three-phase half-bridge arms and a rising edge of a gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have an intersection point, wave sealing is performed on all the controllable switching tubes of the three-phase half-bridge arms; and when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube does not have an intersection point with the grid driving voltage of the controllable switching tube, controlling the controllable switching tube in the three-phase half-bridge arm to normally work. The controllable switching tube is not limited to be positioned on the upper half bridge arm or the lower half bridge arm of each bridge arm.
The LLC resonant converter comprises a single-phase half-bridge arm;
the controller is specifically configured to obtain voltages at two ends of the controllable switching tubes of the upper half bridge arm of each of the single-phase half-bridge arms, and when a falling edge of the voltage at two ends of at least one of the controllable switching tubes of the upper half bridge arm of each of the single-phase half-bridge arms has an intersection with a rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube, perform wave sealing on all the controllable switching tubes of the single-phase half-bridge arm; and when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube does not have an intersection point with the grid driving voltage of the controllable switching tube, controlling the controllable switching tube in the single-phase half-bridge arm to normally work.
Method embodiment
Based on the LLC resonant converter provided in the above embodiments, embodiments of the present application further provide a control method, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 5, the figure is a flowchart of a control method of an LLC resonant converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.
In the control method of the LLC resonant converter provided in this embodiment, the LLC resonant converter includes at least one bridge arm, a capacitor, an inductor, a transformer, and a controller; at least one bridge arm comprises a controllable switch tube; the capacitor, the inductor and a primary winding of the transformer are connected in series to form an LLC resonant circuit; the LLC resonant circuit is connected with at least one bridge arm; the method comprises the following steps:
s401: detecting the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube;
s402: when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube are judged to have an intersection point, the controllable switching tube is sealed, and the LLC resonant circuit stops working;
wherein judge that there is the nodical along the falling edge of both ends voltage of controllable switch tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of controllable switch tube, specifically include: and judging whether the falling edges of the voltages at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have intersection points when the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is greater than the threshold voltage of the controllable switching tube at the falling edges of the voltages at the two ends of the controllable switching tube.
Wherein, judge that the falling edge of both ends voltage of controllable switch tube does not have the nodical with the rising edge of the grid source voltage of controllable switch tube, specifically include: judging that the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is smaller than a preset voltage at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube, and judging that the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have no intersection point; the preset voltage is smaller than the threshold voltage of the controllable switch tube.
S403: and when the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube are judged to have no intersection point, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally work.
The control method provided by the embodiment of the application determines whether to seal the controllable switching tube by judging the voltages at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the gate-source voltage, and specifically, seals the controllable switching tube when the falling edge of the voltages at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have an intersection point, because it is stated at this time that the voltages at the two ends of the controllable switching tube have not yet fallen to 0, the gate-source voltage has already started to rise, and at this time, the controllable switching tube is turned on, so ZVS cannot be realized. On the contrary, when the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have no intersection point, it is indicated that the voltage at the two ends is already 0, and the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube rises, so that the controllable switching tube can be controlled to normally work, and ZVS is realized. Because the technical scheme that this application provided only samples two voltages, utilize grid source voltage and both ends voltage alright realize ZVS with the control controllable switch tube promptly, the realization mode is simple, in addition in time seals the ripples when can't realizing ZVS, and protection speed is very fast, avoids the temperature rise too high to break down.
In order to ensure that the controllable switching tube can work safely and ensure that the gain of the LLC resonant converter meets the requirements, the control method provided in this embodiment further includes: and when the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is judged to be greater than the preset voltage and less than the threshold voltage at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube, controlling the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be the preset frequency, wherein the preset frequency is the minimum switching frequency allowed by the controllable switching tube. At this time, the controllable switching tube is in a critical state, that is, in a critical capacitance region, and can normally operate, the current switching frequency of the controllable switching tube is set to be the lowest switching frequency, and downward frequency modulation cannot be continued to improve the gain of the LLC resonant converter, and if the gain of the LLC resonant converter cannot meet the requirement at this time, the LLC resonant converter may be damaged or the performance cannot meet the requirement. And in the critical capacitance zone, the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube needs to be controlled, so that the controllable switching tube works at the allowed minimum switching frequency, namely the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube cannot be reduced any more, and if the switching frequency is reduced any more, the controllable switching tube stops working, namely the controllable switching tube enters the capacitive zone.
The following describes a specific control method provided by the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 6, the figure is a flowchart of another control method of an LLC resonant converter provided in the embodiments of the present application.
S501: obtaining the voltage Vds at two ends of a switching tube and the gate-source voltage Vgs of the switching tube;
s502: judging whether Vds reaches a falling edge, if not, continuing to execute S502; if so, the judgment of S503-S505 is made.
S503: when Vgs is greater than the preset voltage V1 and less than the threshold voltage Vgs _ gate, performing S506; the threshold voltage Vgs _ gate is a parameter of the controllable switch tube, and the parameter is calibrated when the switch tube leaves a factory.
S504: when Vgs is greater than the threshold voltage Vgs _ gate, performing S508;
s505: and when the Vgs is smaller than the preset voltage V1, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally work, and normally operating the LLC resonant converter.
S506: setting the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be a preset frequency, wherein the preset frequency is the minimum allowable switching frequency.
S507: and judging whether the gain of the LLC resonant converter meets the requirement, for example whether the gain is within a preset interval range, if so, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally work, and normally operating the LLC resonant converter.
S508: and closing the drive, namely sealing the wave, stopping driving the controllable switching tube in the LLC resonant converter to act, and stopping performing power conversion on the LLC resonant converter.
Power supply system embodiment
Based on the LLC resonant converter and the control method provided in the foregoing embodiments, embodiments of the present application further provide a power supply system, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 7, the figure is a schematic diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application.
The power supply system provided by the embodiment comprises: the rectification circuit 700 and the LLC resonant converter 800 described in the above embodiments;
the input end of the rectifying circuit 700 is used for connecting alternating current; for example, the alternating current is mains AC 220V.
The output terminal of the rectifying circuit 700 is connected to the input terminal of the LLC resonant converter 800.
The LLC resonant converter 800 is a DC-to-DC converter, the input is a DC voltage, and the output is also a DC voltage, and the DC voltage output by the LLC resonant converter 800 may be used to directly power a load, or may be used to power a load via a first-stage DC/DC circuit.
Because the power supply system that this application embodiment provided includes LLC resonant converter, and the switching tube among the LLC resonant converter can realize ZVS at the during operation to reduce the consumption, avoid out of work to bring higher consumption when ZVS, and higher temperature rise, this LLC resonant converter is higher at the during operation security, thereby guarantee whole power supply system's safe work.
As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the above embodiment methods can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be essentially or partially implemented in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a media gateway, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present application.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. The method disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the system disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the system part for description.
It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments will enable those skilled in the art to make or use the invention in various modifications to these embodiments, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (14)
1. An LLC resonant converter, comprising: at least one bridge arm, a capacitor, an inductor, a transformer and a controller; the at least one bridge arm comprises a controllable switching tube; the capacitor, the inductor and a primary winding of the transformer are connected in series to form an LLC resonant circuit;
the LLC resonant circuit is connected with the at least one bridge arm;
the controller is used for carrying out wave sealing on the controllable switching tube when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube have an intersection point, so that the LLC resonant circuit stops working; and when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube do not have an intersection point, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally work.
2. The LLC resonant converter of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to, when the falling edge of the voltage across the controllable switching tube determines that the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is greater than the threshold voltage of the controllable switching tube, block the wave for the controllable switching tube.
3. The LLC resonant converter of claim 1, wherein the controller is specifically configured to control the controllable switching tube to operate normally when the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is determined to be less than a preset voltage at a falling edge of the voltage across the controllable switching tube, where the preset voltage is less than a threshold voltage of the controllable switching tube.
4. The LLC resonant converter according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the controller is further configured to control the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to a preset frequency at a falling edge of the voltage across the controllable switching tube when it is determined that the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is greater than the preset voltage and less than the threshold voltage, the preset frequency being a minimum switching frequency allowed by the controllable switching tube.
5. The LLC resonant converter of claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to determine that the gain of the LLC resonant converter is in a preset interval after controlling the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be a preset frequency, control the controllable switching tube to operate normally, and otherwise, perform wave blocking on the controllable switching tube.
6. The LLC resonant converter according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said controller is further configured to capture a falling edge of a voltage across said controllable switching tube.
7. LLC resonant converter according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the LLC resonant converter comprises three-phase half-bridge legs;
the controller is specifically configured to obtain voltages at two ends of the controllable switching tube of each of the three-phase half-bridge arms, and when a falling edge of the voltage at two ends of at least one controllable switching tube in the controllable switching tubes of each of the three-phase half-bridge arms and a rising edge of a gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have an intersection point, perform wave sealing on all the controllable switching tubes of the three-phase half-bridge arms; and when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube have no intersection point, controlling the controllable switching tube in the three-phase half-bridge arm to normally work.
8. LLC resonant converter according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the LLC resonant converter comprises single-phase half-bridge legs;
the controller is specifically configured to obtain voltages at two ends of the controllable switching tube of each of the single-phase half-bridge arms, and when a falling edge of the voltage at two ends of at least one of the controllable switching tubes of each of the single-phase half-bridge arms and a rising edge of a gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have an intersection point, perform wave sealing on all the controllable switching tubes of the single-phase half-bridge arm; and when the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube have no intersection point, controlling the controllable switching tube in the single-phase half-bridge arm to normally work.
9. The control method of the LLC resonant converter is characterized in that the LLC resonant converter comprises at least one bridge arm, a capacitor, an inductor, a transformer and a controller; the at least one bridge arm comprises a controllable switching tube; the capacitor, the inductor and a primary winding of the transformer are connected in series to form an LLC resonant circuit; the LLC resonant circuit is connected with the at least one bridge arm; the method comprises the following steps:
detecting the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube;
when the situation that the falling edge of the voltage at two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube have an intersection point is judged, wave sealing is carried out on the controllable switching tube, and the LLC resonant circuit stops working;
and when the situation that the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid source voltage of the controllable switching tube have no intersection point is judged, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally work.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the determining that there is an intersection between a falling edge of the voltage across the controllable switching tube and a rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube specifically comprises:
and when the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube falls and the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is greater than the threshold voltage of the controllable switching tube, judging that the falling edges of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have intersection points.
11. The method according to claim 9, wherein the determining that there is no intersection between the falling edge of the voltage across the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the gate-source voltage of the controllable switching tube specifically comprises:
judging that the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is smaller than a preset voltage at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube, and judging that the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube and the rising edge of the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube have no intersection point; the preset voltage is smaller than the threshold voltage of the controllable switch tube.
12. The method of claim 10 or 11, further comprising: and when the grid-source voltage of the controllable switching tube is judged to be greater than the preset voltage and less than the threshold voltage at the falling edge of the voltage at the two ends of the controllable switching tube, controlling the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be a preset frequency, wherein the preset frequency is the minimum switching frequency allowed by the controllable switching tube.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: and after controlling the switching frequency of the controllable switching tube to be a preset frequency, judging that the gain of the LLC resonant converter is in a preset interval, controlling the controllable switching tube to normally operate, and otherwise, carrying out wave sealing on the controllable switching tube.
14. A power supply system, comprising: a rectification circuit and an LLC resonant converter as claimed in any one of claims 1-8;
the input end of the rectifying circuit is used for connecting alternating current;
and the output end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the LLC resonant converter.
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