CN113919100A - Treatment method based on increase and decrease of surface quality of composite manufacturing process - Google Patents
Treatment method based on increase and decrease of surface quality of composite manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method based on increasing and decreasing surface quality of a composite manufacturing process, which relates to the technical field of metal additive manufacturing (3D printing), and adopts the technical scheme that: a whole set of processes and methods including composite process path planning, composite manufacturing coordinate collaborative acquisition, molten pool visual sensing dynamic characteristic acquisition, material reduction milling time acquisition, composite forming surface quality control, and process parameter data acquisition and feedback in an increase and decrease composite manufacturing process are determined. The invention better realizes the flexible connection of the material increasing and decreasing process, can process parts with complex characteristic structures, and can ensure the processing precision and the surface roughness of the parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal additive manufacturing (3D printing), in particular to a processing method based on increasing and decreasing of surface quality of a composite manufacturing process.
Background
The additive manufacturing technology has obvious advantages in constructing complex geometric parts (special-shaped structures), the forming size is free, the manufacturing of parts with various sizes can be realized, and parts with complex characteristic structures, which are difficult to manufacture even cannot be manufactured by the traditional machining process, can be formed. However, most parts obtained by additive manufacturing techniques are not as accurate and surface quality as practical due to the effects of the step effect. The traditional machining process, such as milling, has the advantages of high machining precision, good surface roughness and the like, and can make up for the defects of the additive manufacturing technology.
At present, most material increasing and decreasing equipment is used for increasing and decreasing materials alternately, when materials are added on the basis of a milled surface, due to the change of the lap joint rate, the phenomena of accumulated lumps and powder splashing can occur, the surface roughness of material decreasing and milling is further influenced, the surface quality is reduced, and how to better realize the flexible connection of the material increasing and decreasing technology and ensure the size precision and the surface roughness of a formed surface is a key problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method based on increasing and decreasing the surface quality of a composite manufacturing process, which solves the problem that the surface quality of a workpiece does not meet the actual requirement in the material increasing and decreasing manufacturing process.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a processing method based on increasing and decreasing the surface quality of a composite manufacturing process comprises the following steps,
determining an operation sequence of the motion trail of the material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing process;
establishing a material increasing and reducing workpiece coordinate system, and completing coordinate cooperation of any point of the space sequence in the material increasing and reducing workpiece coordinate system by adopting a circular point-to-point method;
performing feature extraction on the molten pool through a real-time image analysis algorithm to obtain visual sensing dynamic features of the molten pool;
obtaining a material reducing and milling time according to the material increasing defect or by taking the number of material increasing layers and a printing high layer as an interactive signal;
and constructing a forming quality precision identification system, and removing accumulated tumors by using a segmented repetition method to obtain the quality of the composite forming surface.
In the prior art, if the coordinates of the workpieces are not coordinated, the material reducing tool consumption is unequal, the phenomenon of tool breakage occurs, and the quality of the subsequent material reducing machining surface is further influenced. The invention adopts robot coordinate transformation while increasing and decreasing the coordinate coordination of the material, set up the corresponding work piece coordinate system separately, make the arbitrary point of the space sequence on the world coordinate system can be expressed uniquely under increasing, decreasing the work piece coordinate system, then use "round point method" to process and finish the coordinate coordination to the increasing material work piece coordinate system under certain craft. The method has the advantages that the influence on the subsequent material reducing processing surface quality due to coordinate non-cooperation is avoided, the molten pool is subjected to feature extraction through a real-time image analysis algorithm to obtain the visual sensing dynamic feature of the molten pool, the cladding quality feature is obtained according to the visual sensing dynamic feature of the molten pool, closed-loop feedback control automatic milling is carried out by taking the defects such as excessive melting and the like as opportunities to ensure the next material increasing forming quality, and the surface quality of a workpiece is further improved by combining the subsequently obtained material reducing milling opportunity and applying a segmented repetition method to clear accumulated lumps.
Furthermore, a three-dimensional model of the workpiece is drawn as input, a composite operation sequence of the motion trail is output, and the composite operation sequence is optimized to generate a composite processing route with the optimal processing allowance.
Further, the additive workpiece coordinate system is successively corrected by adopting a circular point-to-point method, a workpiece with a certain height is printed, the difference value of the space point coordinate calculation values is compared for multiple times in the X, Y axis direction, and if the difference value is smaller than a target value, coordinate cooperation is completed.
Further, using the center of the workpiece as a midpoint in the additive workpiece coordinate system, sequentially finding four points on X, Y axes, and calculating the center of the workpiece as a center point according to a formula
Calculating the difference value between the target value and the origin of the workpiece coordinate system, wherein the target value is +/-0.01 mm; wherein, XnCoordinate values representing the nth coordinate point on the X axis, Xn+1Coordinate values representing the (n + 1) th coordinate point on the X-axis, YnCoordinate values representing the nth coordinate point on the Y axis, Yn+1And (3) coordinate values representing the (n + 1) th coordinate finding point on the Y axis.
Further, temperature gradient information is obtained by using IO signal conversion molten pool visual dynamic sensing characteristics, and material increase real-time cladding quality is judged according to the temperature gradient information, so that material reduction milling time is obtained.
Further, a material-increasing and material-decreasing alternative layered planning manufacturing process is adopted, the number of material-increasing printing layers is used as an interactive signal, a milling request instruction is waited, and a material-decreasing milling time is obtained through a composite processing track extraction algorithm.
Further, the composite processing track extraction algorithm is specifically realized as follows: and (3) according to the additive and subtractive coordinate system, when the subtractive milling is requested from the additive to a certain height, performing height conversion of different coordinate systems, extracting the corresponding subtractive milling starting height, and acquiring the subtractive milling time under the height identification.
Further, monitoring an image signal of a laser molten pool in real time, constructing a molten pool image characteristic set by utilizing image fusion and visual detection, and analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the process parameters and the molten pool image characteristic set through step response to construct a forming quality precision identification system; the forming quality precision identification system is optimized by adopting a neural network algorithm, and automatic feedback control of process parameters in the composite forming process is realized.
Furthermore, the maximum range of the accumulated tumor dripping is measured, the milling depth of each layer is determined when the increase and decrease of the composite processing layered planning is carried out, and the milling processing is carried out according to the condition that the milling depth multiplied by the milling times is larger than the maximum range of the accumulated tumor dripping.
Furthermore, the process parameter data is collected and transmitted to a database to form an increase and decrease composite manufacturing process database, and closed-loop feedback process parameters are provided for the forming quality according to the process database.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts robot coordinate transformation while increasing and decreasing the coordinate coordination of the material, set up the corresponding work piece coordinate system separately, make the arbitrary point of the space sequence on the world coordinate system can be expressed uniquely under increasing, decreasing the work piece coordinate system, then use "round point method" to process and finish the coordinate coordination to the increasing material work piece coordinate system under certain craft. The method has the advantages that the influence on the subsequent material reducing processing surface quality due to coordinate non-cooperation is avoided, the molten pool is subjected to feature extraction through a real-time image analysis algorithm to obtain the visual sensing dynamic feature of the molten pool, the cladding quality feature is obtained according to the visual sensing dynamic feature of the molten pool, closed-loop feedback control automatic milling is carried out by taking the defects such as excessive melting and the like as opportunities to ensure the next material increasing forming quality, and the surface quality of a workpiece is further improved by combining the subsequently obtained material reducing milling opportunity and applying a segmented repetition method to clear accumulated lumps.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic flow of a processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a powder feeding additive/subtractive composite manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a process flow architecture of a processing method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings that is solely for the purpose of facilitating the description and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Examples
The processing method for the process surface quality provided by the embodiment can be applied to other 3D printing systems manufactured in an increase-decrease composite mode, such as a powder feeding mode and a powder spreading mode.
The following lists the main architecture and the connection relationship between the architectures included in the powder feeding type increase/decrease composite manufacturing system, and the powder feeding type increase/decrease composite manufacturing system mainly includes: the system comprises an additive system, a subtractive system, a molten pool monitoring system and a data acquisition feedback system.
The additive system mainly comprises an additive robot, a printing head, a powder feeder, a laser vacuum purification device and other peripheral devices. The printing head is arranged at the end flange part of the robot and is mainly used for forming a molten pool on the substrate by utilizing the powder coupling device when laser beams and powder are obtained. The laser is used for generating a heat source; the powder feeder is responsible for providing raw materials; the vacuum purification device mainly creates the atmosphere conditions such as oxygen content, water content and the like which meet the conditions; material reducing system: an electric spindle is installed at a robot flange, and the milling cutter and the electric spindle mainly comprise a material reducing robot, a rotary workbench, the electric spindle and a frequency converter through a clamp spring; molten pool monitoring system: the device is used for detecting and acquiring the shape parameters and the temperature gradient information of the molten pool and sending the information to the control system. The system mainly comprises an image acquisition device, a PCI image acquisition card, a thermocouple sensor and the like; data acquisition feedback system: and collecting the process parameters through distributed IO and forming closed loop feedback. The system mainly comprises an EtherCAT bus, BeckHOFF industrial control, an edge PC, autonomously developed data acquisition feedback software and the like.
Before manufacturing a workpiece, a material and a milling cutter are taken, considering the influence of increasing and decreasing heat in machining, 30CrMnSiMoVA (blast steel) is taken as an object, the hardness HRC of the blast steel is about 45, the hardness of the blast steel is more than 45FRC when the cutter is selected, and the hard alloy cutter is selected according to the embodiment, the hardness of the hard alloy cutter is more than 60HRC, the diameter of the cutter is 6mm, and the length of a milling edge is 18 mm.
Building a material increasing and reducing composite manufacturing system: the BeckHOFF-IPC is used as the core of the whole system, the TX160 and TX200 robots are integrated to be used as material increasing and decreasing execution mechanisms, and image and temperature acquisition is carried out through an image acquisition device and a temperature sensor.
In the whole material increase and decrease composite manufacturing process, when material increase manufacturing is carried out, as shown in fig. 3, an atmosphere chamber is required to be in a sealed and locked state, then a vacuum device is utilized to carry out vacuum pumping until the pressure is less than 2KPa, inert gas (argon) is filled until the oxygen content in the atmosphere chamber is less than 400ppm, then gas purification circulation is carried out, finally the content of oxygen and water is less than 70ppm, and after the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the atmosphere chamber is greater than 400Pa, whether a laser, a powder feeder and a robot are ready is simultaneously confirmed, if so, a material increase program is executed, and the milling time in the material decrease forming process is obtained in the material increase forming process. The technical solutions and effects of the present application will be described below with specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a processing method based on increasing and decreasing the surface quality of a composite manufacturing process, which includes,
and S1, determining the operation sequence of the motion trail of the material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing process.
As shown in fig. 2, the system control layer completes the integration of the whole composite manufacturing and processing equipment through distributed IO, and plans the material increase and decrease composite process path as follows: by using Adem software, inputting a part three-dimensional model in stp format, and generating a composite operation sequence of a motion trail by setting tool parameters (tool diameter, tool milling edge length), CNC (computer numerical control) machining (model outline, machining surface and the like), slicing machining, tool path modes (spiral, sawtooth and stepping), milling parameters (step length in vertical and horizontal directions and tool cutting amount) and the like.
And S2, establishing a material increasing and decreasing workpiece coordinate system, and completing coordinate cooperation of any point of the space sequence in the material increasing and decreasing workpiece coordinate system by adopting a circular point-to-point method.
As shown in fig. 2, the process track operation sequence is transmitted to the robot controller in a TXT file format through FTP communication, and the robot performs composite track point identification through programming. And (3) finding respective Frame coordinate systems by the double robots through a point alignment method according to the tool tail end flange position tPrinter, and checking the additive coordinate systems for multiple times by applying a circular point alignment method to complete coordinate cooperation.
And S3, extracting the characteristics of the molten pool through a real-time image analysis algorithm to obtain the visual sensing dynamic characteristics of the molten pool.
As shown in fig. 2, the molten pool image in the industrial PC of the powder feeding type increase/decrease composite manufacturing system is transmitted to the edge PC through Sokcet communication, and uploaded to the database and the image analysis algorithm model for analysis, so as to obtain characteristic information of the molten pool, such as the penetration, the fusion width, and the fusion state.
And S4, obtaining the timing of material reducing and milling according to the material increasing defect or the interactive signal of the material increasing layer number and the printing high layer.
The time for obtaining the material reducing milling is divided into two aspects. On one hand, according to the cladding quality characteristics obtained by the molten pool vision, closed-loop feedback control automatic milling is carried out by taking the defects such as the occurrence of over-melting and the like as the opportunity to ensure the next additive forming quality. And on the other hand, an alternative layered planning manufacturing process of increasing while decreasing is adopted, the number of additive printing layers is used as an interactive signal, a milling request instruction is waited, and milling time acquisition is completed through a composite processing track extraction algorithm.
S5, constructing a forming quality precision identification system, and removing accumulated tumors by using a segmented repetition method to obtain the quality of the composite forming surface.
As shown in fig. 3, the method mainly includes two aspects of process planning milling quality control and adaptive quality control. The self-adaptive quality control mainly utilizes image fusion and visual detection technology to construct a molten pool image characteristic set according to an image signal of a real-time monitoring laser molten pool, analyzes the dynamic relation between process parameters and the size of the molten pool, constructs a forming quality precision identification system, and realizes the automatic feedback control of the process parameters in the composite forming process through the design of a controller.
The process planning and milling quality control is carried out by adopting a 'segmented repetition method' in the range of forming built-up edge by alternative process, and meanwhile, the overlapping amount is set in the thickness direction in two times of cutting processing so as to ensure the quality of the cutting surface.
The invention determines a whole set of process and method including composite process path planning, composite manufacturing coordinate collaborative acquisition, molten pool visual sensing dynamic characteristic acquisition, material reduction milling opportunity acquisition and composite forming surface quality control. The flexible connection of the material increasing and decreasing process manufacturing is realized, parts with complex characteristic structures can be processed, and the processing precision and the surface roughness of the parts can be guaranteed.
A further embodiment of the present invention is to optimize the operation sequence in S1 to generate the processing route of the optimal workpiece allowance. Drawing a three-dimensional model of the workpiece as input, outputting a composite operation sequence of the motion trail, and optimizing the composite operation sequence to generate a composite processing route with the optimal processing allowance.
Specifically, in 3D printing, for a complex workpiece, a plurality of material increase and decrease operations are required to produce a final product, so it is necessary to determine and plan a good processing route. According to the structure of a workpiece, multiple machining processes such as material increase, material reduction, detection and the like are comprehensively considered during planning, the workpiece is input in a CAD three-dimensional model, a composite operation sequence of a motion track is output, meanwhile, operations such as material increase, material reduction, signal detection and the like are interactively used in the operation sequence, and finally, a reasonable composite machining route with the optimal machining allowance can be generated through operation sequence optimization, so that the accurate machining of the workpiece is realized.
A further embodiment of this embodiment is a specific implementation manner of the cooperative acquisition of the composite processing coordinates in S2. And successively correcting the additive workpiece coordinate system by adopting a circular point-to-point method, printing a workpiece with a certain height, comparing the difference value of the space point coordinate calculation values for multiple times in the direction of X, Y axes, and finishing coordinate cooperation if the difference value is smaller than a target value.
Specifically, robot coordinate transformation is adopted while material increase and material decrease coordinate coordination, the transformation comprises position and posture transformation of a robot, corresponding workpiece coordinate systems are respectively established, any point of a space sequence on a world coordinate system can be uniquely represented under the material increase and material decrease coordinate systems, then a circular point-to-point method is adopted to carry out successive correction on the material increase workpiece coordinate system under a certain process, and coordinate coordination is completed by comparing the difference value of space point coordinate calculation values for many times and if the difference value is smaller than a target value.
A further embodiment of this embodiment is how to calculate the difference of the coordinates and set the target value. Sequentially finding four points on an X, Y axis by taking the center of a workpiece as a midpoint in a material-adding workpiece coordinate system according to a formula
Calculating the difference value between the target value and the origin of the workpiece coordinate system, wherein the target value is +/-0.01 mm; wherein, XnCoordinate value representing the nth coordinate point on the X-axis，Xn+1Coordinate values representing the (n + 1) th coordinate point on the X-axis, YnCoordinate values representing the nth coordinate point on the Y axis, Yn+1And (3) coordinate values representing the (n + 1) th coordinate finding point on the Y axis.
Specifically, two robots are increased or decreased respectively according to the positions of flanges at the tail ends of the tools, respective Frame coordinate systems are found through a point-to-point method, coordinates are coordinated, meanwhile, under a material adding Frame coordinate system, technological parameters such as laser power, powder feeding efficiency and speed of a tail end tool of a manufacturing system are set, a circular test piece (a deposition head is 13mm away from a forming plane) with a certain height is printed, then the material adding coordinate system is checked for multiple times through the circular point-to-point method, and when the difference value between the coordinates of a space point and the coordinates of the last time is calculated to be smaller than +/-0.01 mm, coordinate coordination is completed
A further embodiment of this embodiment is how to obtain the milling time according to the workpiece cladding quality in S3. And obtaining temperature gradient information by using IO signal conversion molten pool visual dynamic sensing characteristics, and judging the material increase real-time cladding quality according to the temperature gradient information so as to obtain the material reduction milling time.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the vision sensing module in fig. 2 is fixedly installed at the end of the robot arm, and acquires the image of the molten pool in real time through the vision acquisition device, and transmits the image to the BeckHOFF industrial control by using the embedded PCI image acquisition card for local real-time storage; meanwhile, BeckHOFF industrial control obtains temperature gradient information by using a temperature sensor through analog IO signal conversion.
And selecting a device for acquiring the molten pool image in real time, wherein the visual acquisition device selects an industrial CCD camera, and the industrial CCD camera is electrically connected with the master control IPC through an RS485 cable. The angle theta between the industrial CCD camera and the rotary table (composite processing forming surface) is 90 degrees. Thermocouple temperature sensor is selected for use in temperature information acquisition, and its threshold range: 200-3000 deg.C.
In fig. 3, the subtractive robot may travel different milling trajectories for different additive milling request signals. According to the cladding quality characteristics obtained by the molten pool vision, when the defects such as over-melting and the like occur in the additive forming, a self-adaptive milling request signal is sent, and the material reducing robot carries out linear or circular interpolation motion on the defects according to the request position coordinates to mill and remove the latest additive.
A further embodiment of this embodiment is how to obtain the material reducing milling time according to the layered programming manufacturing process in step S3. And (3) adopting a material-increasing and material-reducing alternative layered planning manufacturing process, taking the number of additive printing layers as an interactive signal, waiting for a milling request instruction, and acquiring a material-reducing milling time through a composite processing track extraction algorithm.
Specifically, the milling time is obtained through a composite processing track extraction algorithm, and on the basis of meeting the requirement of cutter rigidity, the alternation times are reduced as much as possible to improve the cutting efficiency; when the inner and outer contours of the substrate are cut by adopting the material increasing and decreasing alternating layering manufacturing process, the number of the layering manufacturing process is minimum under the condition of considering global interference, and finally the optimal milling time of the material increasing and decreasing alternating layering manufacturing process is obtained.
A further embodiment of this embodiment is how the composite processing trajectory extraction algorithm calculates the milling time. The specific implementation of the composite processing trajectory extraction algorithm is as follows: and (3) according to the additive and subtractive coordinate system, when the subtractive milling is requested from the additive to a certain height, performing height conversion of different coordinate systems, extracting the corresponding subtractive milling starting height, and acquiring the subtractive milling time under the height identification.
Specifically, planning according to an increase and decrease alternative processing technology, taking the number of additive printing layers as an interactive signal, receiving a planning milling request instruction, and performing track extraction by a controller of the material reduction robot through coordinate conversion of a forming height in a Z direction in a Frame coordinate system to find all tracks corresponding to a Z value so as to complete the milling processing.
A further embodiment of the present embodiment is how to construct the forming quality accuracy identification system in step S5. Monitoring an image signal of a laser molten pool in real time, constructing a molten pool image characteristic set by utilizing image fusion and visual detection, and analyzing the dynamic characteristics of a process parameter and the molten pool image characteristic set through step response to construct a forming quality precision identification system; the forming quality precision identification system is optimized by adopting a neural network algorithm, and automatic feedback control of process parameters in the composite forming process is realized.
Specifically, dynamic characteristic analysis of a molten pool process in a cladding forming process is completed through step response, then nonlinear System dynamic signal design is carried out, and System Identification toolkits in Matlab software are used for carrying out System dynamic Identification.
A further embodiment of this embodiment is how to remove the accretion in step S5 by a step-and-repeat method. Measuring the maximum range of the accumulated tumor dripping, determining the milling depth of each layer when the increase and decrease of the composite processing layered planning are carried out, and carrying out milling processing according to the condition that the milling depth multiplied by the milling times is larger than the maximum range of the accumulated tumor dripping.
Specifically, in order to overcome the defect that the milled surface is subjected to alternative material increase to generate accretion, a 'segmented repetition method' is adopted in the range of forming the accretion by an alternative process, and the repetition frequency is greater than the product of the maximum height of the accretion dripping and the step length in the vertical direction of the milling plan.
Setting the step length in the horizontal direction to be 6mm, measuring the dropping range of the built-up edge under the process parameters to be 10mm, and according to a 'segmentation repetition method', the maximum repetition number n is 3, selecting n > (10/6) to be 2 times in order to improve the efficiency of material reduction milling processing, and simultaneously extracting 2 different Z coordinate value point groups as motion tracks during milling processing so as to ensure that no built-up edge remains in the milling range and further ensure the surface quality of composite processing.
In this embodiment, closed-loop feedback control of the composite manufacturing process is realized through data acquisition and feedback. And collecting and transmitting the process parameter data to a database to form an increase and decrease composite manufacturing process database, and providing closed-loop feedback process parameters for the forming quality according to the process database.
Specifically, the EtherCAT bus is used for collecting digital quantity and analog quantity (laser power, feed speed and the like) of each manufacturing process parameter of the material increasing and decreasing composite, C # (WPF) is selected for secondary development of a data collecting and monitoring system, functions of collecting and monitoring process and equipment running state data in the material increasing and decreasing composite machining forming process are completed, and other computer languages such as java, C + +, python and the like can also be selected. The specific values of the composite technological parameters mainly comprise: information such as additive process parameters (laser power, scanning speed, tail end speed of a robot tool), subtractive process parameters (tool amount, spindle rotating speed and feeding speed), temperature gradient, vacuum atmosphere environment (oxygen content and water content) and the like is transmitted to a database through a Socket, and the process parameters of the whole set of composite manufacturing equipment are fed back by a real-time online monitoring machine.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A processing method based on increasing and decreasing the surface quality of a composite manufacturing process is characterized by comprising the following steps of,
determining an operation sequence of the motion trail of the material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing process;
establishing a material increasing and reducing workpiece coordinate system, and completing coordinate cooperation of any point of the space sequence in the material increasing and reducing workpiece coordinate system by adopting a circular point-to-point method;
performing feature extraction on the molten pool through a real-time image analysis algorithm to obtain visual sensing dynamic features of the molten pool;
obtaining a material reducing and milling time according to the material increasing defect or by taking the number of material increasing layers and a printing high layer as an interactive signal;
and constructing a forming quality precision identification system, and removing accumulated tumors by using a segmented repetition method to obtain the quality of the composite forming surface.
2. The processing method based on the increase and decrease of the surface quality of the composite manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein a three-dimensional model of the workpiece is drawn as an input, a composite operation sequence of a motion trajectory is output, and the composite operation sequence is optimized to generate a composite processing route with an optimal processing margin.
3. The processing method based on increasing and decreasing of surface quality of composite manufacturing process of claim 1, wherein the coordinate system of the additive workpiece is modified successively by using a circular point-to-point method, the workpiece with a certain height is printed, the difference of the calculated values of the spatial point coordinates is compared for a plurality of times in the direction of X, Y axes, and if the difference is smaller than the target value, coordinate cooperation is completed.
4. The processing method based on the increase and decrease of the surface quality of the composite manufacturing process as claimed in claim 3, wherein four points are sequentially found on X, Y axes by taking the center of the workpiece as the midpoint in the additive workpiece coordinate system, and the four points are calculated according to the formula
Calculating the difference value between the target value and the origin of the workpiece coordinate system, wherein the target value is +/-0.01 mm; wherein, XnCoordinate values representing the nth coordinate point on the X axis, Xn+1Coordinate values representing the (n + 1) th coordinate point on the X-axis, YnCoordinate values representing the nth coordinate point on the Y axis, Yn+1And (3) coordinate values representing the (n + 1) th coordinate finding point on the Y axis.
5. The processing method based on increasing and decreasing of surface quality of the composite manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein temperature gradient information is obtained by using IO signal conversion molten pool visual dynamic sensing characteristics, and material increase real-time cladding quality is judged according to the temperature gradient information, so that material reduction milling time is obtained.
6. The processing method based on increasing and decreasing of the surface quality of the composite manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the manufacturing process is planned in an alternate material increasing and decreasing layered mode, the number of additive printing layers is used as an interactive signal, a milling request instruction is waited, and a material decreasing and milling time is obtained through a composite processing track extraction algorithm.
7. The processing method based on increasing and decreasing of the surface quality of the composite manufacturing process according to claim 6, wherein the composite processing track extraction algorithm is specifically realized as follows: and (3) according to the additive and subtractive coordinate system, when the subtractive milling is requested from the additive to a certain height, performing height conversion of different coordinate systems, extracting the corresponding subtractive milling starting height, and acquiring the subtractive milling time under the height identification.
8. The processing method based on the surface quality of the additive and subtractive composite manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that image signals of a laser molten pool are monitored in real time, a molten pool image feature set is constructed by image fusion and visual detection, and a forming quality precision identification system is constructed by analyzing dynamic characteristics of process parameters and the molten pool image feature set through step response; the forming quality precision identification system is optimized by adopting a neural network algorithm, and automatic feedback control of process parameters in the composite forming process is realized.
9. The processing method based on increasing and decreasing of the surface quality of the composite manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein the maximum range of the accretion dripping is measured, the milling depth of each layer during increasing and decreasing of the composite processing layering plan is determined, and the milling processing is performed according to the condition that the milling depth multiplied by the milling times is larger than the maximum range of the accretion dripping.
10. The processing method based on increasing and decreasing of the surface quality of the composite manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process parameter data is collected and transmitted to a database to form an increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing process database, and the closed-loop feedback process parameters are provided for the forming quality according to the process database.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115587441A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-01-10 | 山东大学 | Flow channel structure material increase and decrease composite manufacturing process planning method and system |
| CN116275114A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-06-23 | 山东海纳智能装备科技股份有限公司 | Process monitoring control system based on laser additive manufacturing |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115587441A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-01-10 | 山东大学 | Flow channel structure material increase and decrease composite manufacturing process planning method and system |
| CN115587441B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2024-01-05 | 山东大学 | Planning method and system for composite manufacturing process of runner structure increase and decrease materials |
| CN116275114A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-06-23 | 山东海纳智能装备科技股份有限公司 | Process monitoring control system based on laser additive manufacturing |
| CN116275114B (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-04 | 山东海纳智能装备科技股份有限公司 | Process monitoring control system based on laser additive manufacturing |
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