CN101199994A - Intelligent laser cladding forming metal parts - Google Patents
Intelligent laser cladding forming metal parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN101199994A CN101199994A CNA200610136875XA CN200610136875A CN101199994A CN 101199994 A CN101199994 A CN 101199994A CN A200610136875X A CNA200610136875X A CN A200610136875XA CN 200610136875 A CN200610136875 A CN 200610136875A CN 101199994 A CN101199994 A CN 101199994A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Disclosed is an intelligent closed-loop control method in the process of using the expert system to real-time detect and control laser cladding of metal parts. According to the characteristic parameter of the cladding band at the frontside and backside of the molten pool detected by the expert system in real time and the target cladding band characteristic parameter determined by the CAD model, the expert system uses the existing knowledge in the knowledge base and the calculation model in the integrated data base to diagnose and make reasoning, and to regulate the technological parameter in real time and control the cladding forming process, as well as to update the knowledge base and the integrated data base in real time. The intelligent closed-loop control system can reduce the error caused by inexact calculation of the model, and can regulate the characteristic parameter in real time according to the position that is waiting for cladding, thereby reducing or even avoiding control hysteresis; the good control effect is achieved; without needing to install the milling and grinding equipment, the production efficiency, the product quality and the forming ability of the complex components are improved.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to the quick shaping process in a kind of metal material moulding field, specifically, relate to a kind of closed loop control method that is used for the laser cladding forming metal parts process.
Two, background technology
Laser fusing-covering forming technique can produce theoretical density, the high-performance metal part of shape and structure complexity according to the Computerized three-dimensional three-dimensional model apace without mould through single operation.In forming process, form the molten bath,, successively merge deposit, form a part at last according to three-dimensional stereo model with laser beam heats deposite metal powder and on substrate or workpiece.This technology can shorten new product development greatly to the time that puts goods on the market, reduce the product processing cost greatly, be particularly suitable for modern enterprise production fast, the characteristics of flexible, variation, individualized development, in the manufacturing field of the high-performance special part and the civilian high-grade, precision and advanced part of new automobile manufacturing, Aero-Space, instrument and meter, health care, defence and military, especially the quick manufacturing that is difficult to function-graded material, superhard material and the inter-metallic compound material part of processing with conventional method will have extremely wide application prospect.
But the part quality of laser cladding forming is also unstable at present, and product also must carry out precision and the roughness that follow-up machining just can be met customer requirements, so that the superiority of this technology is weakened, it can't be applied.
For this problem, at present mainly adopt two kinds of measures, promptly adopt laser melting coating closed-loop control system or laser cladding forming and mill (mill) and cut combined system.There is control hysteresis in the former and is limited by the problem of computation model accuracy, and the latter need add and mills (mill) turning equipment, and efficient is low, and limited for the forming ability of complex parts.As a whole, the effect of laser cladding forming parts quality control also is not clearly.
The most frequently used in the intelligence control system is expert system.Expert system comprises six parts such as knowledge base, inference machine, integrated database, man-machine interface, interpretive program and knowledge acquisition program, can carry out better controlled to some complicated processes.
Three, summary of the invention
The unsettled reason of the parts quality of laser cladding forming is in forming process, and technological parameter fluctuates easily, makes size, the shape of the cladding vestige (cladding band) that forms somewhere that undesirable variation take place; And in cladding subsequently, existing defective can enlarge, make protruding place more protruding, recessed place is more recessed, and thick part becomes thicker, thin part becomes thinner, causes part accuracy and roughness undesirable, even is difficult to complete part of final molding.And concern complexity, analytic modell analytical model between the technological parameter of laser cladding forming and the cladding band characterisitic parameter are difficult to foundation, in existing control system there are the hysteresis problem in some control of process parameters, or the like, increased the difficulty that parts quality is controlled.This patent addresses these problems, and realizes quick, the short flow process moulding of material, i.e. one-step shaping compact metal part.
This patent is blended in intellectual technology in the laser fusing-covering forming technique, mainly is to adopt expert system that the laser cladding forming process is carried out online closed loop Detection ﹠ Controling.Expert system is according to the characterisitic parameter of real-time the place ahead, detected molten bath and rear cladding band, the target cladding band characterisitic parameter that cad model is determined, computation model in the utilization knowledge base in existing knowledge and the integrated database, diagnose, reasoning, regulate technological parameter, control cladding forming process in real time, and real-time update knowledge base and integrated database.Every record (knowledge) must comprise in the knowledge base of the expert system that adopts: each technological parameter, part material thermophysical parameter, design of part dimensional parameters, base material thermophysical parameter and physical dimension, cladding band characterisitic parameter and the position in workpiece thereof, should classify by part material, design of part size, laser species etc.The data of determining except the material thermophysical parameter, by cad model such as design of part size, Knowledge Source detects the data that obtain in forming process, system adopts plural a plurality of sensor near the laser work head, sensor field of view covers around the molten bath in a big way, and the forward and backward side's in molten bath cladding band characteristic (parameters such as surface of the work sags and crests, cladding bandwidth) is all monitored (plural detection module is arranged) in real time; The cladding band characterisitic parameters of the real-time detected result in rear, molten bath corresponding position before its corresponding technological parameters, this layer of cladding etc. provide new data for knowledge base; Simultaneously, original data may be updated in the knowledge base." knowledge acquisition " that Here it is " self-study type ".Combining laser scanning direction in forming process, distinguish, choose the cladding band characteristic signals of representing the forward and backward side in molten bath respectively by program, the real-time testing result in the place ahead, molten bath and record in the target property parameter of the follow-up cladding band at this place, current technological parameter, knowledge base etc. are combined, carry out " diagnosis ", how decision regulates technological parameter, i.e. decision is still calculated new technological parameter with model with data ready-made in the knowledge base, and this is equivalent to the effect of " inference machine ".Then mainly depositing the data relevant (as coefficient, applicable elements data or the like) in the integrated database with computation model, system can be according to the comparative analysis between the cladding result of cladding target of expecting and reality, timely Correction and Control model is " self-adaptation type ".The man-machine interface here, interpretive program are then relevant with the input of primary data, cad model, problem demonstration etc.
After implementing this patent, with respect to existing control technology, can reduce the error that causes because computation model is inaccurate, and can regulate technological parameter according to the characteristic that is about to the cladding position in real time, reduce even avoid control hysteresis, reach good control effect; With respect to laser cladding forming with mill the system that (mill) cuts combination because expert system can be controlled cladding process effectively, thereby do not need to install and mill (mill) turning equipment, enhance productivity with parts quality and to the forming ability of complex parts.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is intelligent process Detection ﹠ Controling flow chart.
Five, the specific embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 1, specific implementation process is as follows:
1) before laser cladding forming begins, (1) installs detection, control device, and input data relevant with computation model and detection, control program in system make each module shown in Figure 1 can operate as normal; (2) user imports cad model, material thermophysical parameter and the ambient parameter etc. of part.
2) in the laser cladding forming process, automatically carry out following work by system: whether the result that (1) is detected in real time according to the cladding band characteristic (parameters such as surface of the work sags and crests, cladding bandwidth) in the cladding target of being determined by cad model and the place ahead, 1 pair of current molten bath of detection module, the reasoning and judging data in the available knowledge base regulate the technological parameter that is about to the cladding work carried out; (2) if the data in the available knowledge base are then directly regulated technological parameter by the data in the knowledge base, if the data in the unavailable knowledge base, then call the computation model in the integrated database, with reference to close process conditions, calculate the technological parameter that makes new advances, and send control instruction to Executive Module; (3) the cladding band characteristic at rear, 2 pairs of molten baths of detection module (parameters such as surface of the work sags and crests, cladding bandwidth) detects, and the cladding band characterisitic parameter of its result corresponding position before its corresponding technological parameters, this layer of cladding is as new data record storage in the database; (4) simultaneously, the cladding band characteristic at rear, detection module 2 detected molten bath and the cladding target of being determined by cad model are compared, if in error range, just without the corrected Calculation model, if not in error range, then must revise computation model, revised result is kept in the integrated database, and problem is shown on display device; (5) enter next circulation, up to complete compact metal part of moulding.
Claims (5)
1. the closed loop control method in the forming part process, use intelligentized expert system and control the process of laser cladding forming metal parts in real time, it is characterized in that: expert system is according to the characterisitic parameter of real-time the place ahead, detected molten bath and rear cladding band, the target cladding band characterisitic parameter that cad model is determined, computation model in the utilization knowledge base in existing knowledge and the integrated database, diagnose, reasoning, regulate technological parameter, control cladding forming process in real time, and real-time update knowledge base and integrated database.
2. the closed loop control method in the forming part process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: model calculates and combines with knowledge (empirical data of actual moulding) in the retrieval knowledge storehouse, provides process control required data jointly.
3. the closed loop control method in the forming part process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: replenish and the renewal of data in the knowledge base (knowledge) are mainly carried out in forming process, and real-time detected cladding band characterisitic parameter, corresponding technological parameters etc. are the data sources of knowledge base.
4. the closed loop control method in the forming part process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: depositing data such as the coefficient relevant, applicable elements in the integrated database with computation model, the same with the knowledge in the knowledge base, the data in the integrated database are also carried out real-time update and are replenished.
5. the closed loop control method in the forming part process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the forming process cladding band characteristic information before and after the molten bath is detected simultaneously, through data transaction and analysis, state and control effect before system is in time controlled respectively.
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| CNA200610136875XA CN101199994A (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2006-12-15 | Intelligent laser cladding forming metal parts |
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| CNA200610136875XA CN101199994A (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2006-12-15 | Intelligent laser cladding forming metal parts |
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| CN102117053A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-07-06 | 山西飞虹激光科技有限公司 | Intelligent computer numerical control system for laser cutter |
| CN103389682A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-13 | 苏州市阳帆软件有限公司 | Digital model rapid-repairing and intelligent numerical control programming system oriented to die manufacture |
| CN105714285A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-06-29 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Closed loop control method of laser cladding |
| CN107350649A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-17 | 费希尔控制产品国际有限公司 | Prediction algorithm from the welding deformation that flange is added to butt welding or socket weld ends valve body moulding |
| US9873180B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2018-01-23 | Applied Materials, Inc. | CMP pad construction with composite material properties using additive manufacturing processes |
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| CN109594109A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-09 | 嘉兴学院 | Electrohydrodynamics melt injection embedded intelligence control system and control method |
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| US10399201B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2019-09-03 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Advanced polishing pads having compositional gradients by use of an additive manufacturing process |
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| CN110904405A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-03-24 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for improving metallurgical quality of laser zirconium infiltration modified layer on titanium alloy surface |
| CN111496253A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-07 | 广东工业大学 | Metal matrix composite material composite additive manufacturing method with intelligent monitoring function and device thereof |
| US10821573B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2020-11-03 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Polishing pads produced by an additive manufacturing process |
| US10875145B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2020-12-29 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Polishing pads produced by an additive manufacturing process |
| US10875153B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2020-12-29 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Advanced polishing pad materials and formulations |
| CN112512729A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-03-16 | 西门子股份公司 | Method for determining a build specification for an additive manufacturing method |
| US11072050B2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2021-07-27 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Polishing pad with window and manufacturing methods thereof |
| US11471999B2 (en) | 2017-07-26 | 2022-10-18 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Integrated abrasive polishing pads and manufacturing methods |
| US11524384B2 (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2022-12-13 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Abrasive delivery polishing pads and manufacturing methods thereof |
| US11745302B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2023-09-05 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Methods and precursor formulations for forming advanced polishing pads by use of an additive manufacturing process |
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- 2006-12-15 CN CNA200610136875XA patent/CN101199994A/en active Pending
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| CN102117053A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-07-06 | 山西飞虹激光科技有限公司 | Intelligent computer numerical control system for laser cutter |
| CN103389682A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-13 | 苏州市阳帆软件有限公司 | Digital model rapid-repairing and intelligent numerical control programming system oriented to die manufacture |
| US11958162B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2024-04-16 | Applied Materials, Inc. | CMP pad construction with composite material properties using additive manufacturing processes |
| US10821573B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2020-11-03 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Polishing pads produced by an additive manufacturing process |
| US9873180B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2018-01-23 | Applied Materials, Inc. | CMP pad construction with composite material properties using additive manufacturing processes |
| US11745302B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2023-09-05 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Methods and precursor formulations for forming advanced polishing pads by use of an additive manufacturing process |
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| US10537974B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2020-01-21 | Applied Materials, Inc. | CMP pad construction with composite material properties using additive manufacturing processes |
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| US10875153B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2020-12-29 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Advanced polishing pad materials and formulations |
| US10875145B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2020-12-29 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Polishing pads produced by an additive manufacturing process |
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