CN113917282B - Distribution network fault quick positioning system based on short-circuit current - Google Patents
Distribution network fault quick positioning system based on short-circuit current Download PDFInfo
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- CN113917282B CN113917282B CN202111163970.XA CN202111163970A CN113917282B CN 113917282 B CN113917282 B CN 113917282B CN 202111163970 A CN202111163970 A CN 202111163970A CN 113917282 B CN113917282 B CN 113917282B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000025274 Lightning injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
Abstract
The invention discloses a distribution network fault quick positioning system based on short-circuit current, which comprises: the fault recorder is used for collecting the outlet information of the substation and the short-circuit current of the CT acquisition end, the wireless terminal and the monitoring platform; the fault platform comprises an information acquisition unit, an information operation unit, a basic database unit and a result display unit, wherein the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault signals of the fault recorder; the information operation unit stores a fault location model for resolving fault points; the basic database unit comprises a system impedance database, a cable parameter database and an overhead line parameter database; the result display unit is used for displaying the position area of the fault point on the virtual distribution line. The scheme determines the section where the fault occurs in a short time, effectively changes the situation of manually blindly searching the fault, greatly improves the fault processing efficiency, and can effectively improve the power supply reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution network fault positioning, in particular to a power distribution network fault rapid positioning system based on short-circuit current.
Background
At present, the load of a 10kV line is continuously increased, the structure of the line is more and more complex, and various line faults also occur frequently. The time for searching faults in the fault occurrence post-processing fault process is very large in proportion to the whole fault treatment, and the statistics is about 70-90% in proportion, so that the power supply reliability of the circuit is difficult to improve. The existing fault handling method is to discriminate a power failure area according to line fault indicators and wireless communication technology, and a power supply service system commands emergency repair personnel to search faults through the power failure area, so that the fault searching time is improved to a certain extent, but the method is limited by the number of the fault indicators and the communication reliability, and the method has many defects in actual use: firstly, the power failure range is larger, and the fault positioning range is also larger; secondly, the main line fault is difficult to effectively judge, the main line fault causes a full line fault, and the searching range is the whole line; thirdly, transient faults caused by natural factors of lightning strokes are difficult to judge, the superposition of many line faults is successful without influencing power supply, and in practice, line equipment still has defects which are difficult to find, the defects of different degrees are left, and potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defect that the traditional fault positioning technology and method cannot accurately and efficiently position line faults, and provides a distribution network fault rapid positioning system based on short-circuit current.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is that a distribution network fault rapid positioning system based on short-circuit current comprises: the fault recorder is used for acquiring the outlet information of the substation and the short-circuit current of the CT acquisition end, the wireless terminal and the monitoring platform, and the fault recorder sends the fault information to the monitoring platform through the wireless terminal for fault positioning;
the fault platform comprises an information acquisition unit, an information operation unit, a basic database unit and a result display unit, wherein the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault signals of the fault recorder and eliminating interference signals;
the information operation unit stores a fault positioning model for resolving fault points, and automatically calculates the range of corresponding short circuit fault points according to the value of the short circuit current;
the basic database unit comprises a system impedance database, a cable parameter database and an overhead line parameter database; acquiring system impedance, cable parameters and overhead line parameters according to historical fault data, and training a fault positioning model to obtain a relation with short-circuit current;
the result display unit is used for displaying the position area of the fault point on the virtual distribution line.
In the scheme, the system impedance, the cable parameters and the overhead line parameters of all distribution network lines are calculated and processed, and an impedance database, a cable parameter database and an overhead line parameter database are built; establishing a fault positioning model for resolving fault points, collecting the value of the short-circuit current of a fault recorder by inquiring and calling each parameter data in a database, and automatically calculating the corresponding short-circuit distance and short-circuit range; the method combines the running mode and load flow of the current-level power grid where the line is located, and utilizes the self-adaptive control rule to adaptively adjust the searching range of the impedance value, so as to aim for locating the fault range smaller and more accurate.
Preferably, the establishing of the system impedance database includes the following steps:
calculating an impedance value according to the power grid system equivalent impedance table and equipment parameters and line parameters of the system;
the corresponding system operation mode of the minimum impedance value is as follows:
220kV system maximum operation mode, all the power grid connected to the system plant units are fully opened, all the main transformers of thermal power and hydropower are put into operation, and the system is operated and connected in a normal mode or a variation mode appearing in regulations;
the corresponding system operation mode of the maximum impedance value is as follows: 220kV system minimum operation mode, all small hydropower and thermal power plant units of the power grid are completely stopped, and one large-capacity substation is stopped, a certain line is in power failure or a bus-bar switch is stopped for service maintenance.
Preferably, all cable parameter information between the outgoing line of each transformer substation in the power distribution system and the No. 1 pole is recorded in the cable parameter database, wherein the cable parameter information comprises the maximum allowable current-carrying capacity of the cable, the length of the cable, the cross-sectional area of a wire core and the material property of the cable, and the impedance value of the cable is calculated according to the length of the cable, the cross-sectional area of the wire core and the material property of the cable, wherein the maximum allowable current-carrying capacity is used as the reference dimension for the safe operation of the power distribution system.
Preferably, the number 1 pole is then distributed by means of overhead wires, and the unit impedance value of the overhead wires is calculated from the material, length, cross-sectional area and temperature value of each stage of overhead wires and recorded in an overhead wire parameter database.
Preferably, the impedance of the power distribution system is influenced by the increase and the drawing of a power supply, the impedance of the power distribution system can only determine a maximum value and a minimum value range, the system impedance value is between the maximum value and the minimum value, when a unit is started and changed, the system impedance and the load show a certain trend, and the one-to-one correspondence relation between a load data range and a system impedance data range is established by acquiring a coupling relation between the load and an operation mode for a long time, so that the correction and the self-adaptive adjustment of a calculated value of the system impedance are achieved; dividing the whole network load into four demand periods according to load demands: 17:00-08:00, 08:00-11:00, 11:00-13:00, 13:00-17:00, four load demand periods correspond to four modes of operation of the power distribution system, wherein 17:00-08:00 corresponds to a valley period mode of operation: the system unit runs less, and the impedance value of the system above 220kV is larger; a flat valley period operation mode corresponding to 11:00-13:00, and a midstream state of a system unit operation position above 220 kV; a median period corresponding to 08:00-11:00, and an intermediate state of the running position of the system unit above 220 kV; and in the peak period corresponding to 13:00-17:00, more units are operated in the system load period above 220kV, and the system impedance above 220kV is also smaller.
In the scheme, the system selects the system impedance under four different operation modes according to the operation modes, and the system impedance in the different modes is different; meanwhile, according to the whole network load condition, the system impedance is further optimized, wherein the unit operation in the valley period is less, and the system impedance is larger; the unit runs more in the peak time, and the system impedance is smaller; therefore, the system impedance value can be automatically adjusted by combining the current running mode and the load time period, and the system impedance is more accurately calculated.
Preferably, the impedance value of each line is extracted from each database of the basic database unit, the impedance value is the per unit value of the corresponding parameters of positive sequence and zero sequence impedance, the reference capacity is 100 megavolt-amperes, the reference voltage is the average voltage, and the formula of the fault location model established according to the relay protection principle is as follows:
wherein K is d Is a short circuit coefficient; i d * -a reference short-circuit current; i d Is the actual short-circuit current; N-CT transformation ratio; alpha is the corresponding operation mode; beta-full network load period; x is X s * -a system impedance value; x is X dl * -cable impedance value; z is Z * -overhead line unit impedance value; l—fault point distance No. 1 bar distance.
Modeling calculation according to per unit value method, and per unit value conversion of each variable is carried out by the following formula, wherein reference capacity S d ＝100MVA；
The reference voltage taking the short-circuit calculated voltage at which the element is located as the reference voltage, i.e
U d ＝Uc＝1.05U N
The reference current is:
the reference reactance is:
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a distribution network fault quick positioning system based on short-circuit current, which utilizes the outlet information collected by a fault recorder protection device installed in a post-fault substation and the short-circuit current collected by CT to be transmitted to a dispatching background in a signal mode, automatically inputs the information into a distribution network fault quick positioning system, and determines the section where the fault occurs in a short time by combining the related parameters such as the impedance of a 10kV line system, the cable parameters, the overhead line parameters and the like, thereby effectively changing the situation of looking for the fault in a blind way, greatly improving the fault processing efficiency and effectively improving the power supply reliability; according to different operation modes, selecting system impedance under four different operation modes, wherein the system impedance in different modes is different; meanwhile, according to the whole network load condition, the system impedance is further optimized, wherein the unit operation in the valley period is less, and the system impedance is larger; the unit runs more in the peak time, and the system impedance is smaller; therefore, the system impedance value can be automatically adjusted by combining the current running mode and the load time period, and the calculation accuracy of the impedance value is further improved, so that the positioning accuracy of the fault point is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rapid positioning system for distribution network faults based on short-circuit current.
The figure indicates: the system comprises a 1-fault recorder, a 2-wireless terminal, a 3-monitoring platform, a 31-information acquisition unit, a 32-information operation unit, a 33-basic database unit, a 34-result display unit, a 331-system impedance database, a 332-cable parameter database 332 and a 333-overhead line parameter database.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it being understood that the detailed description herein is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is intended to illustrate the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention, as all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort fall within the scope of the present invention.
Examples: as shown in fig. 1, a structural schematic diagram of a rapid positioning system for distribution network faults based on short-circuit current is composed of a fault recorder 1, a wireless terminal 2 and a monitoring platform 3, wherein the fault recorder is used for collecting outlet information of a substation and short-circuit current of a CT collecting end, and the fault recorder sends fault information to the monitoring platform through the wireless terminal for fault positioning;
the fault platform comprises an information acquisition unit 31, an information operation unit 32, a basic database unit 33 and a result display unit 34, wherein the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault signals of a fault recorder and eliminating interference signals;
the information operation unit stores a fault positioning model for resolving fault points, and automatically calculates the range of corresponding short circuit fault points according to the value of the short circuit current;
the base database unit includes a system impedance database 331, a cable parameter database 332, and an overhead line parameter database 333; acquiring system impedance, cable parameters and overhead line parameters according to historical fault data, and training a fault positioning model to obtain a relation with short-circuit current;
the result display unit is used for displaying the position area of the fault point on the virtual distribution line.
In the embodiment, the system impedance, the cable parameters and the overhead line parameters of all distribution network lines are calculated and processed, and an impedance database, a cable parameter database and an overhead line parameter database are built; establishing a fault positioning model for resolving fault points, collecting the value of the short-circuit current of a fault recorder by inquiring and calling each parameter data in a database, and automatically calculating the corresponding short-circuit distance and short-circuit range; the method combines the running mode and load flow of the current-level power grid where the line is located, and utilizes the self-adaptive control rule to adaptively adjust the searching range of the impedance value, so as to aim for locating the fault range smaller and more accurate.
The establishment of the system impedance database comprises the following steps:
calculating an impedance value according to the power grid system equivalent impedance table and equipment parameters and line parameters of the system;
the corresponding system operation mode of the minimum impedance value is as follows:
220kV system maximum operation mode, all the power grid connected to the system plant units are fully opened, all the main transformers of thermal power and hydropower are put into operation, and the system is operated and connected in a normal mode or a variation mode appearing in regulations;
the corresponding system operation mode of the maximum impedance value is as follows: 220kV system minimum operation mode, all small hydropower and thermal power plant units of the power grid are completely stopped, and one large-capacity substation is stopped, a certain line is in power failure or a bus-bar switch is stopped for service maintenance.
All cable parameter information between outgoing lines of all substations in the power distribution system and the No. 1 pole is recorded in the cable parameter database, wherein the cable parameter information comprises the maximum allowable current-carrying capacity of a cable, the length of the cable, the cross-sectional area of a wire core and the material characteristics of the cable, and the impedance value of the cable is calculated according to the length of the cable, the cross-sectional area of the wire core and the material characteristics of the cable, wherein the maximum allowable current-carrying capacity is used as the reference dimension for safe operation of the power distribution system.
And carrying out load distribution by the mode of the overhead line after the rod No. 1, calculating the unit impedance value of the overhead line according to the material, the length, the cross section area and the temperature value of each stage of overhead line, and recording the unit impedance value in an overhead line parameter database.
The power distribution system impedance is influenced by power supply boosting and drawing, the power distribution system impedance can only determine a maximum value and a minimum value range, the system impedance value is between the maximum value and the minimum value, when a unit is started up and changed, the system impedance and the load show a certain trend, and a one-to-one correspondence relation between a load data range and a system impedance data range is established by acquiring a coupling relation between a long-time load and an operation mode, so that correction and self-adaptive adjustment of a system impedance calculated value are achieved; dividing the whole network load into four demand periods according to load demands: 17:00-08:00, 08:00-11:00, 11:00-13:00, 13:00-17:00, four load demand periods correspond to four modes of operation of the power distribution system, wherein 17:00-08:00 corresponds to a valley period mode of operation: the system unit runs less, and the impedance value of the system above 220kV is larger; a flat valley period operation mode corresponding to 11:00-13:00, and a midstream state of a system unit operation position above 220 kV; a median period corresponding to 08:00-11:00, and an intermediate state of the running position of the system unit above 220 kV; the unit operation is more in the system load period above 220kV and the system impedance above 220kV in the peak period corresponding to 13:00-17:00; the system selects the system impedance under four different operation modes according to the operation modes, and the system impedance in the different modes is different; meanwhile, according to the whole network load condition, the system impedance is further optimized, wherein the unit operation in the valley period is less, and the system impedance is larger; the unit runs more in the peak time, and the system impedance is smaller; therefore, the system impedance value can be automatically adjusted by combining the current running mode and the load time period, and the system impedance is more accurately calculated.
The impedance value of each line extracted from each database of the basic database unit is the per unit value of the corresponding parameters of positive sequence and zero sequence impedance, the reference capacity is 100 megavolt-amperes, the reference voltage is average voltage, and a fault positioning model established according to the relay protection principle is established according to the following formula:
wherein K is d Is a short circuit coefficient; i d * -a reference short-circuit current; i d Is the actual short-circuit current; N-CT transformation ratio; alpha is the corresponding operation mode; beta-full network load period; x is X s * -a system impedance value; x is X dl * -cable impedance value; z is Z * -overhead line unit impedance value; l—fault point distance No. 1 bar distance.
Modeling calculation according to per unit value method, and per unit value conversion of each variable is carried out by the following formula, wherein reference capacity S d ＝100MVA；
The reference voltage taking the short-circuit calculated voltage at which the element is located as the reference voltage, i.e
U d ＝Uc＝1.05U N
The reference current is:
the reference reactance is:
the foregoing embodiments are preferred embodiments of the rapid positioning system for distribution network faults based on short-circuit current according to the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which includes but is not limited to the present embodiments, and all equivalent changes made according to the shape and structure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A distribution network fault quick positioning system based on short-circuit current is characterized by comprising: the fault recorder is used for acquiring the outlet information of the substation and the short-circuit current of the CT acquisition end, the wireless terminal and the monitoring platform, and the fault recorder sends the fault information to the monitoring platform through the wireless terminal for fault positioning;
the monitoring platform comprises an information acquisition unit, an information operation unit, a basic database unit and a result display unit, wherein the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring fault signals of the fault recorder and eliminating interference signals;
the information operation unit stores a fault positioning model for resolving fault points, and automatically calculates the range of corresponding short circuit fault points according to the value of the short circuit current;
the basic database unit comprises a system impedance database, a cable parameter database and an overhead line parameter database;
acquiring system impedance, cable parameters and overhead line parameters according to historical fault data, and training a fault positioning model to obtain a relation with short-circuit current;
the result display unit is used for displaying the position area of the fault point on the virtual distribution line;
the power distribution system impedance is influenced by power supply boosting and drawing, the power distribution system impedance can only determine a maximum value and a minimum value range, the system impedance value is between the maximum value and the minimum value, when a unit is started up and changed, the system impedance and the load show a certain trend, and a one-to-one correspondence relation between a load data range and a system impedance data range is established by acquiring a coupling relation between a long-time load and an operation mode, so that correction and self-adaptive adjustment of a system impedance calculated value are achieved; dividing the whole network load into four demand periods according to load demands: 17:00-08:00, 08:00-11:00, 11:00-13:00, 13:00-17:00, four load demand periods correspond to four modes of operation of the power distribution system, wherein 17:00-08:00 corresponds to a valley period mode of operation: the system unit has less operation and the impedance value of the system above 220kV is large; a flat valley period operation mode corresponding to 11:00-13:00, and a midstream state of a system unit operation position above 220 kV; a median period corresponding to 08:00-11:00, and an intermediate state of the running position of the system unit above 220 kV; the unit operation is more in the system load period above 220kV and the system impedance value above 220kV is small in the peak period corresponding to 13:00-17:00;
the impedance value of each line extracted from each database of the basic database unit is the per unit value of the corresponding parameters of positive sequence and zero sequence impedance, the reference capacity is 100 megavolt-amperes, the reference voltage is average voltage, and a fault positioning model established according to the relay protection principle is established according to the following formula:
wherein K is d Is a short circuit coefficient;-a reference short-circuit current; i d Is the actual short-circuit current; N-CT transformation ratio; alpha is the corresponding operation mode; beta-full network load period; />-a system impedance value; />-cable impedance value; z is Z * -overhead line unit impedance value; 1-fault point distance No. 1 bar distance.
2. The rapid positioning system for distribution network faults based on short-circuit current according to claim 1, wherein,
the establishment of the system impedance database comprises the following steps:
calculating an impedance value according to the equivalent impedance table of the power grid system and the equipment parameter and the line parameter of the system;
the corresponding system operation mode of the minimum impedance value is as follows:
220kV system maximum operation mode, all the power grid connected to the system plant units are fully opened, all the main transformers of thermal power and hydropower are put into operation, and the system is operated and connected in a normal mode or a variation mode appearing in regulations;
the corresponding system operation mode of the maximum impedance value is as follows:
220kV system minimum operation mode, all small hydropower and thermal power plant units of the power grid are completely stopped, and one large-capacity substation is stopped, a certain line is in power failure or a bus-bar switch is stopped for service maintenance.
3. The rapid positioning system for distribution network faults based on short-circuit current according to claim 1, wherein,
all cable parameter information between outgoing lines of all substations in the power distribution system and the No. 1 pole is recorded in the cable parameter database, wherein the cable parameter information comprises the maximum allowable current-carrying capacity of a cable, the length of the cable, the cross-sectional area of a wire core and the material characteristics of the cable, and the impedance value of the cable is calculated according to the length of the cable, the cross-sectional area of the wire core and the material characteristics of the cable, wherein the maximum allowable current-carrying capacity is used as the reference dimension for safe operation of the power distribution system.
4. The rapid positioning system for distribution network faults based on short-circuit current according to claim 1, wherein,
and carrying out load distribution by the mode of the overhead line after the rod No. 1, calculating the unit impedance value of the overhead line according to the material, the length, the cross section area and the temperature value of each stage of overhead line, and recording the unit impedance value in an overhead line parameter database.
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