CN113916703A - Double-shaft tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue experimental device - Google Patents
Double-shaft tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113916703A CN113916703A CN202111148473.2A CN202111148473A CN113916703A CN 113916703 A CN113916703 A CN 113916703A CN 202111148473 A CN202111148473 A CN 202111148473A CN 113916703 A CN113916703 A CN 113916703A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/36—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0023—Bending
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Abstract
The invention relates to a biaxial tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue test device which comprises a supporting seat, wherein the supporting seat comprises a base and at least two supporting stand columns arranged on the base; the test tool is arranged on the base and used for installing a sample to be loaded; the supporting platform comprises a cross beam and a guide beam, and the cross beam slides up and down along the supporting upright post through the guide beam; the device comprises a tension and compression loading mechanism and a bending loading mechanism, wherein the tension and compression loading mechanism and the bending loading mechanism are both arranged on the cross beam, the tension and compression loading mechanism is used for stretching or pressurizing the sample, and the bending loading mechanism is used for applying bending moment to the sample. The device can carry out the fatigue test of welded structure sample under the effect of pulling and pressing bending combined load, single tensile load or single bending load, and then provides guidance for the reasonable fatigue design of welded structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fatigue experimental equipment, in particular to a double-shaft tension-compression bending composite loading experimental device.
Background
In the current society, with the rapid development and the continuous improvement of the globalization degree of the economy, the exploitation and the transportation of marine fossil energy become more and more key factors for promoting the economic development. With the rise of offshore oil platforms and large ship manufacturing industries, fatigue performance of large-size and complex welding structures of key parts of large ships becomes one of the most important current research directions, and reasonable fatigue design of key fatigue dangerous parts is facilitated, so that accidents such as structural failure and the like are avoided.
Due to the fact that the key welding structure of the large ship is large in size and complex in load, a scientific and practical test system needs to be built to reasonably analyze the stress condition of the actual large-size welding structure, and therefore effective and accurate test data are obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the invention aims to provide a biaxial tension-compression-bending combined loading fatigue test device, which can perform a fatigue test on a welded structure sample under the action of a tension-compression-bending combined load, a single tensile load or a single bending load, and further provide guidance for a reasonable fatigue design of a welded structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a biax draws and presses crooked combined loading fatigue test device, includes:
the supporting seat comprises a base and at least two supporting upright columns arranged on the base, the supporting upright columns are arranged on the base at intervals, and the tops of the supporting upright columns are connected through a connecting plate;
the test tool is arranged on the base and used for installing a sample to be loaded;
the supporting platform comprises a cross beam and a guide beam, the guide beam is sleeved outside the supporting upright post, and the cross beam is fixedly connected with the guide beam and slides up and down along the supporting upright post through the guide beam;
the device comprises a tension and compression loading mechanism and a bending loading mechanism, wherein the tension and compression loading mechanism and the bending loading mechanism are both arranged on the cross beam, the tension and compression loading mechanism is used for stretching or pressurizing the sample, and the bending loading mechanism is used for applying bending moment to the sample.
Furthermore, the supporting platform further comprises a bending loading seat installed on the cross beam, the bending loading seat is installed at one end of the cross beam, the tension and compression loading mechanism is fixedly installed at the midpoint of the cross beam, and the bending loading mechanism is installed on the bending loading seat.
Further, the bending loading mechanism comprises a bending loading servo actuator, a first hinge device and a second hinge device, the first hinge device is installed at the bottom of the bending loading seat, the top end of the bending loading servo actuator is connected with the first hinge device, the bottom end of the bending loading servo actuator is connected with the second hinge device, and the second hinge device is connected with one end of the sample.
Furthermore, the tension and compression loading mechanism comprises a tension and compression loading servo actuator, an oil tank and a first oil pipe which connects the oil tank and the tension and compression loading servo actuator, a first servo valve is arranged on the first oil pipe and used for controlling the flow or the blockage of the first oil pipe, and the output end of the tension and compression loading servo actuator is connected with the other end of the sample;
the bending loading mechanism further comprises a second oil tank and a second oil pipe connected with the second oil tank and the bending loading servo actuator, and a second servo valve used for controlling the communication or the blocking of the second oil pipe is arranged on the second oil pipe.
The controller is used for controlling the first servo valve to be opened or closed according to the detected signal, the load sensor is installed between the bending loading servo actuator and the second hinge device and used for detecting the loading pressure of the bending loading servo actuator and sending the detected signal to the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the second servo valve to be opened or closed according to the detected signal.
Further, the controller is a PLC programmable controller.
Further, the PLC controller is fixedly installed on the cross beam.
Further, the driving mechanism is an electric push rod, the electric push rod is electrically connected with the PLC, and the PLC is used for controlling the starting or stopping of the electric push rod.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: the biaxial tension-compression-bending composite loading fatigue test device provided by the invention can perform fatigue test on a welded structure sample under the action of tension-compression-bending composite load, single tensile load or single bending load, and further provides guidance for reasonable fatigue design of a welded structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of a biaxial tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue test system according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a biaxial tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue test system according to the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
the test platform comprises a support seat 1, an experiment platform 2, a tension and compression loading servo actuator 3, a bending loading mechanism 4, a first hinge device 41, a tension and compression loading servo actuator 42, a load sensor 43, a second hinge device 44, a test sample 5, a support platform 6, a cross beam 61, a guide beam 62, a bending loading seat 63 and a locking mechanism 64.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used to define elements only for convenience in distinguishing between the elements, and unless otherwise stated have no special meaning and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the biaxial tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue testing apparatus provided for the embodiment of the present invention includes: supporting seat 1, experimental frock 2 and draw and press loading mechanism 3 and crooked loading mechanism 4. The test tool is arranged at the bottom of the supporting seat 1 and used for installing a sample 5 to be loaded; the tension and compression loading mechanism 3 and the bending loading mechanism 4 are both arranged at the top of the supporting seat 1, the tension and compression loading mechanism 3 is used for stretching or pressurizing the sample 5, and the bending loading mechanism 4 is used for applying bending moment to the sample 5.
The tension-compression loading mechanism 3 and the bending loading mechanism 4 of the experimental device can work independently or jointly to realize uniaxial tension load loading, uniaxial bending load loading or biaxial tension-compression bending composite load loading simultaneously. The fatigue performance analysis method can be used for analyzing the fatigue performance of structural steel used by a plate frame structure or a plate structure of a large ship such as an offshore oil platform under the working condition of single load or composite load and comparing the fatigue performance of a welding joint with the fatigue performance in a design curve standard, and the applicability of a fatigue design curve selected by the offshore oil platform under the working condition of composite load is verified.
The supporting seat 1 comprises a base 11 and four supporting upright columns 12 arranged on the base 11, and the tops of the four supporting upright columns 12 are connected through a connecting plate 13. The base 11 is square, and the four supporting upright columns 12 are respectively located at four corners of the base 11. The experiment tool 2 is installed on the base 11.
In order to adjust the positions of the tension-compression loading mechanism 3 and the bending loading mechanism 4 conveniently and better perform tension or bending loading on a sample, the experimental device further comprises a supporting platform 6, the supporting platform 6 moves up and down along the supporting upright 12 under the action of a driving force provided by an oil station, the supporting platform 6 comprises a cross beam 61 and a guide beam 62, the guide beam 62 is sleeved outside the supporting upright 12, the cross beam 61 is fixedly connected with the guide beam 62 and slides up and down along the supporting upright 12 through the guide beam 62, and the tension-compression loading mechanism 3 and the bending loading mechanism 4 are installed on the cross beam 61.
The support platform also includes a locking mechanism 64. The cross beam 61 is fixed and locked by a locking mechanism after being moved to a required position. The locking mechanism 64 may be embodied as a locking bolt.
The supporting platform 6 further comprises a bending loading seat 63 installed on the cross beam 61, a first hinge device 41 is installed on one side of the bending loading seat 63, the tension and compression loading mechanism 3 is fixedly installed at the midpoint position of the cross beam 61, and the bending loading mechanism 4 is installed on the bending loading seat 63.
The bending loading mechanism 4 comprises a bending loading servo actuator 41, a first hinge device 41 and a second hinge device 44 which are arranged at the bottom of one side of the bending loading seat 63, the top end of the bending loading servo actuator 42 is connected with the first hinge device 41, the bottom end of the bending loading servo actuator is connected with the second hinge device 44, and the second hinge device 44 is connected with one end of the test sample 5.
The first hinge unit 41 and the second hinge unit 44 have spherical bearings and preload adjusting mechanisms to eliminate gaps and reduce friction, are installed at the front and rear ends of the horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder to ensure the follow-up property in the loading direction, prevent the actuator from being subjected to lateral force, and prolong the life of the actuator.
The tension and compression loading mechanism comprises a tension and compression loading servo actuator 3, an oil tank (not shown in the figure) and a first oil pipe (not shown in the figure) connected with the oil tank and the tension and compression loading servo actuator 3, a first servo valve (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the first oil pipe and used for controlling the flow or the blockage of the first oil pipe, and the output end of the tension and compression loading servo actuator 3 is connected with the other end of the test sample 5; the bending loading mechanism 4 further includes a second oil tank (not shown in the figure) and a second oil pipe (not shown in the figure) connecting the second oil tank and the bending loading servo actuator 42, and a second servo valve (not shown in the figure) for controlling the connection or disconnection of the second oil pipe is arranged on the second oil pipe.
In order to realize closed-loop control, the experimental device further comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit comprises a controller (not shown in the figure), a displacement sensor (not shown in the figure) and a load sensor 43, the displacement sensor is coaxially installed with the tension and compression servo actuator 3 and is used for detecting the displacement of a piston of the tension and compression servo actuator 3 and sending detected information to the controller, the controller controls the first servo valve to be opened or closed according to detected signals, the load sensor 43 is installed between the bending loading servo actuator 42 and the second hinge device and is used for detecting the loading pressure of the bending loading servo actuator 42 and sending detected signals to the controller, and the controller controls the second servo valve to be opened or closed according to the detected signals. The controller is a PLC programmable controller.
The PLC is fixedly arranged on the cross beam 61 and is also in point connection with the driving mechanism and used for controlling the up-and-down movement of the supporting platform 6.
The working process of the experimental device is as follows: when the experiment needs to be simultaneously stretched and subjected to bending loading, the PLC controls the tension-compression loading servo actuator and the bending loading servo actuator to simultaneously stretch and bend the sample, and meanwhile, the displacement sensor is used for detecting the displacement of a piston of the tension-compression servo actuator so as to detect the deformation of the sample; the load sensor is used for detecting the loading pressure of the bending loading servo actuator, sending a detection result to the PLC, and controlling the opening or closing of the first servo valve and the second servo valve through the PLC so as to control the starting or stopping of the pulling and pressing loading servo actuator and the bending loading servo actuator.
When only uniaxial tension or bending loading experiments need to be carried out, one servo valve is closed, and the other servo valve is controlled to be opened through the control of the controller, so that the corresponding servo actuator is controlled to carry out the tension or bending loading experiments on the sample.
Therefore, the device can be used for carrying out the fatigue test of the welded structure sample under the action of the tension-compression bending composite load, the single tensile load or the single bending load, and further provides guidance for the reasonable fatigue design of the welded structure.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a biax draws and presses crooked compound loading fatigue test device which characterized in that includes:
the supporting seat comprises a base and at least two supporting upright columns arranged on the base, the supporting upright columns are arranged on the base at intervals, and the tops of the supporting upright columns are connected through a connecting plate;
the test tool is arranged on the base and used for installing a sample to be loaded;
the supporting platform comprises a cross beam and a guide beam, the guide beam is sleeved outside the supporting upright post, and the cross beam is fixedly connected with the guide beam and slides up and down along the supporting upright post through the guide beam;
the device comprises a tension and compression loading mechanism and a bending loading mechanism, wherein the tension and compression loading mechanism and the bending loading mechanism are both arranged on the cross beam, the tension and compression loading mechanism is used for stretching or pressurizing the sample, and the bending loading mechanism is used for applying bending moment to the sample.
2. The dual-axis tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supporting platform further comprises a bending loading seat mounted on the cross beam, the bending loading seat is mounted at one end of the cross beam, the tension-compression loading mechanism is fixedly mounted at the midpoint of the cross beam, and the bending loading mechanism is mounted on the bending loading seat.
3. The fatigue testing device for biaxial tension-compression bending composite loading according to claim 2, wherein the bending loading mechanism comprises a bending loading servo actuator, a first hinge device and a second hinge device, the first hinge device is installed at the bottom of the bending loading base, the top end of the bending loading servo actuator is connected with the first hinge device, the bottom end of the bending loading servo actuator is connected with the second hinge device, and the second hinge device is connected with one end of the test sample.
4. The biaxial tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue testing device according to claim 3, wherein the tension-compression loading mechanism comprises a tension-compression loading servo actuator, an oil tank and a first oil pipe connecting the oil tank and the tension-compression loading servo actuator, a first servo valve is arranged on the first oil pipe and used for controlling the flow or the blockage of the first oil pipe, and the output end of the tension-compression loading servo actuator is connected with the other end of the test sample;
the bending loading mechanism further comprises a second oil tank and a second oil pipe connected with the second oil tank and the bending loading servo actuator, and a second servo valve used for controlling the communication or the blocking of the second oil pipe is arranged on the second oil pipe.
5. The dual-axis tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue testing device as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a control unit, wherein the control unit comprises a controller, a displacement sensor and a load sensor, the displacement sensor is coaxially mounted with the tension-compression servo actuator and is used for detecting the displacement of a piston of the tension-compression servo actuator and sending the detected information to the controller, the controller controls the first servo valve to be opened or closed according to the detected signal, the load sensor is mounted between the bending loading servo actuator and the second hinge device and is used for detecting the loading pressure of the bending loading servo actuator and sending the detected signal to the controller, and the controller controls the second servo valve to be opened or closed according to the detected signal.
6. The biaxial tension-compression-bending composite loading fatigue testing device according to claim 5, wherein the controller is a PLC programmable controller.
7. The biaxial tension-compression-bending composite loading fatigue testing device according to claim 6, wherein the PLC is fixedly installed on the cross beam.
8. The dual-axis tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue test device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the driving mechanism is an electric push rod, the electric push rod is electrically connected with the PLC, and the PLC is used for controlling the start or stop of the electric push rod.
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| CN202111148473.2A CN113916703A (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Double-shaft tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue experimental device |
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| CN202111148473.2A CN113916703A (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Double-shaft tension-compression bending composite loading fatigue experimental device |
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| CN115266318A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Strip-shaped test piece bending-twisting coupling test device based on multi-axis fatigue testing machine |
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