CN113916670A

CN113916670A - Axial loading test apparatus and method

Info

Publication number: CN113916670A
Application number: CN202111176795.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张严; 朱建军; 欧玉书
Original assignee: Dongguan Qingrui Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Dongguan Qingrui Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-09
Filing date: 2021-10-09
Publication date: 2022-01-11

Abstract

The application discloses axial loading test equipment and method, and the axial loading test equipment comprises: a test stand comprising a rotor and a support, the rotor being rotationally connected to the support by a foil air bearing; the loading mechanism comprises a loading ring and a loading sleeve, the loading ring is connected to the rotor, the loading sleeve is sleeved on the loading ring and forms a sealing space with the loading ring, and gas is filled into the sealing space to apply axial loading force to the rotor through the loading ring. The axial loading test device and the method have the advantages that the rotor is connected with the loading ring of the loading mechanism, the loading ring is sleeved on the loading sleeve, a sealed space is formed between the loading sleeve and the loading ring, air is filled into the sealed space during axial test, the air pressure of the air applies axial loading force to the rotor through the loading ring, and the axial force loaded by the rotor in the test process is mild, uniform in stress, accurate in control and strong in self-adaption.

Description

Axial loading test apparatus and method

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the field of test equipment, in particular to axial loading test equipment and a method.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

The foil air bearing is used as a novel dynamic pressure air bearing, has the advantages of high rotating speed and rotation precision, small power consumption, no pollution, long service life, capability of working in severe working environment and the like of the traditional gas bearing, has the advantages of good adaptability, low requirement on manufacturing and assembling precision, good impact resistance, high stability, no need of a special lubricating and cooling system, low maintenance cost and the like, and is widely applied to high-speed rotating machinery such as air blowers, hydrogen fuel cell compressors, electronic turbochargers, airplane environment control systems { ACM), auxiliary power systems (APU), micro gas turbines, small aviation turbine engines and the like.

The performance testing of foil air bearings involves many items, such as the need to apply an axial force to a rotor to which the foil air bearing is attached. The existing method for applying the axial force mainly applies the axial force to the rotor in a mechanical mode, however, the rigid loading mode has high speed and large impact force on the rotor, the condition of uneven stress is easy to occur, and the rotor in high-speed rotation can be damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, there is a need for an axial loading test apparatus and method for applying an axial force to a rotor in an axial direction.

The present disclosure provides an axial loading test apparatus, comprising:

a test stand comprising a rotor and a support, the rotor being rotationally connected to the support by a foil air bearing;

the loading mechanism comprises a loading ring and a loading sleeve, the loading ring is connected to the rotor, the loading sleeve is sleeved on the loading ring and forms a sealing space with the loading ring, and gas is filled into the sealing space to apply axial loading force to the rotor through the loading ring.

Preferably, the test bench further comprises a driving machine connected to the rotor to drive the rotor to rotate.

Preferably, the drive machine comprises an impeller connected to the rotor, the impeller rotating to rotate the rotor when a gas flow is directed towards the impeller.

Preferably, the test bench further comprises a speed sensor for detecting the rotation speed of the rotor, and after the rotation speed of the rotor reaches a preset value, gas is filled into the sealed space to apply an axial loading force to the rotor through the loading ring.

Preferably, the load ring comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring being connected to the rotor and the outer ring being connected to the inner ring; the end part of the loading sleeve is provided with an opening, and the outer ring is movably accommodated in the opening of the loading sleeve along the axial direction to form the sealed space.

Preferably, the loading mechanism further comprises a force sensor connected to the loading sleeve to detect the loading force of the detection sleeve.

Preferably, the loading mechanism further comprises a bracket and a loading shaft, one end of the loading shaft is axially connected to the loading sleeve, and the other end of the loading shaft is rotationally connected to the bracket through the force sensor.

Preferably, the loading mechanism further comprises a connecting rod and a linear bearing seat, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the force sensor, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the bracket; the linear bearing block is movably connected to the loading shaft in an axial direction of the loading shaft to support the loading shaft.

In addition, the present disclosure also provides an axial loading test method, including:

filling gas into the sealed space until the gas pressure in the sealed space reaches a preset value;

the gas in the sealed space presses the rotor to apply an axial loading force to the rotor.

Preferably, before filling the gas into the sealed space, the method further comprises rotating the rotor until the rotation speed of the rotor is equal to or greater than a preset value; or after filling gas into the sealed space until the gas pressure in the sealed space reaches a preset value, rotating the rotor until the rotating speed of the rotor is equal to or greater than the preset value.

Compared with the prior art, the axial loading test equipment and the axial loading test method have the advantages that the rotor is connected with the loading ring of the loading mechanism, the loading ring is sleeved on the loading sleeve, the sealed space is formed between the loading sleeve and the loading ring, air is filled into the sealed space during axial test, the air pressure of the air applies axial loading force to the rotor through the loading ring, the axial force loaded by the rotor in the test process is mild in loading, the stress is uniform, the control is accurate, the self-adaption is strong, the test bench is protected from being damaged by impact and overload, the service lives of the rotor and the foil air bearing are prolonged, and the test requirement for stable axial loading can be met. Moreover, the axial loading test equipment is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to build and debug and good in universality, and can meet the test requirements of thrust foil air bearings with different rotors and sizes.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments more clearly, the drawings that will be needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are some examples of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an axial loading test apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an axial loading test apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a test station.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the loading mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the loading mechanism in a disassembled state.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the rotor and load ring configuration.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the loading sleeve and the loading shaft.

Description of the main elements

The following detailed description will further illustrate the disclosure in conjunction with the above-described figures.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure can be more clearly understood, a detailed description of the present disclosure will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. In addition, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, and the described embodiments are merely a subset of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than a complete embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure.

In various embodiments, for convenience in description and not limitation of the disclosure, the term "coupled" as used in the specification and claims of the present disclosure is not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships are changed accordingly.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an axial loading test apparatus, and fig. 2 is a schematic sectional structural view of the axial loading test apparatus. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the axial loading test apparatus is used to apply an axial loading force to the rotor 14. During axial testing of the foil air bearing 15, it is necessary to apply an axial loading force to the rotor 14 during high speed rotation of the rotor 14 to test the axial load capacity of the foil air bearing 15. The existing mechanical loading mode of pressing the rotor 14 by impact or a loading rod inevitably has impact effect on the rotor 14, so that the condition of uneven stress is easy to occur, and the rotor 14 and the foil air bearing 15 in high-speed rotation can be damaged.

The axial loading test equipment comprises a test bench 10 and a loading mechanism 20, wherein the test bench 10 is used for installing a foil air bearing 15 and a rotor 14, and the rotor 14 can rotate at a high speed through the foil air bearing 15, so that the working condition of the foil air bearing 15 can be simulated. The loading mechanism 20 is used for applying a loading force to the rotor 14 along the axial direction of the rotor 14, and according to the actual test situation, the axial loading force may be applied when the rotor 14 is stationary, but more than, in the embodiment provided by the present application, the application is particularly suitable for applying the axial loading force when the rotor 14 rotates at a high speed.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic structure of the test station 10. As shown in fig. 1-3, the test stand 10 includes a speed sensor 13, a rotor 14, a support 12 and a drive machine 11. The rotor 14 is rotationally connected to the support 12 by means of a foil air bearing 15, and a drive machine 11 is connected to the rotor 14 for driving the rotor 14 in a high-speed rotation. A speed sensor 13 is located near the rotor 14 for detecting the rotational speed of the rotor 14.

The support 12 is used for supporting the rotor 14 of the test table 10, the driving machine 11 and other components, and comprises a through cavity in the axial direction, a foil air bearing 15 is installed in the through cavity, the rotor 14 is installed in the through cavity in the axial direction, the middle of the through cavity is connected to the foil air bearing 15, and two ends of the through cavity respectively extend out of two ends of the through cavity. In this way, the rotor 14 can be rotated highly within the cavity supported by the foil air bearing 15. A drive machine 11 is connected to one end of the rotor 14 (i.e., the rear end shown in fig. 2) to drive the rotor 14 in rotation. In some embodiments, the drive machine 11 includes an impeller coupled to the rotor 14 that rotates to rotate the rotor 14 when a flow of gas is directed toward the impeller. During the test, the flow rate and flow rate of the introduced air flow may be set as desired to control the rotational speed of the rotor 14, so that the rotational condition of the rotor 14, such as whether or not a steady state is entered, may be determined from the rotational speed. In other embodiments, the driving machine 11 may be other components, such as an electric motor, a gasoline engine, etc., for driving the rotor 14 to rotate in a high degree. The probe of the speed sensor 13 is close to the rotor 14 in a radial direction of the rotor 14 for detecting the rotation speed of the rotor 14, and may be in the form of, for example, an optoelectronic speed sensor 13, a magnetoelectric speed sensor 13, or the like.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the loading mechanism 20, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the loading mechanism 20 in an exploded state. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the loading mechanism 20 includes a loading ring 27, a loading sleeve 21, a loading shaft 22, a linear bearing base 23, a force sensor 24, and a bracket 26. The loading ring 27 and the loading sleeve 21 are used to form a sealed space 213, and an axial loading force is applied to the rotor 14 by filling the sealed space 213 with gas. The loading shaft 22 and the force sensor 24 are used to detect the pressure of the gas in the sealed space 213, so that the magnitude of the loading force can be detected. The linear bearing seat 23 and the bracket 26 are used for supporting the loading shaft 22 and the force sensor 24, the loading shaft 22 can rotate under the support of the linear bearing seat 23 and the bracket 26, and the loading shaft 22 can be prevented from moving in the axial direction under the thrust of the enclosed air, so that the force sensor 24 can correctly detect the pressure in the sealed space 213.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotor 14 and the load ring 27. As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 6, the loading ring 27 is connected to the rotor 14, the loading sleeve 21 is sleeved on the loading ring 27 to form a sealed space 213 with the loading ring 27, and a gas is filled into the sealed space 213 to apply an axial loading force to the rotor 14 through the loading ring 27. The load ring 27 includes an inner ring 271 and an outer ring 272. The inner ring 271 is sleeved on the rotor 14 and can move along the axial direction along with the rotor 14. The outer ring 272 is connected to the inner ring 271, the outer ring 272 and the inner ring 271 are connected through a plane, and no gap is formed between the outer ring 272 and the inner ring 271, so that an integrated structure is formed.

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic view of the loading sleeve 21 and the loading shaft 22. As shown in fig. 7, the loading sleeve 21 has a substantially cylindrical tubular structure, and has an open cavity therein, wherein the open cavity is referred to as an open end 212 for convenience of description, and the other end is a sealing end. The loading shaft 22 has a substantially rod-like structure, one end of which is connected to a side wall of the sealed end of the loading sleeve 21 by a lock nut, and the other end of which extends in the axial direction of the loading sleeve 21 and in a direction away from the loading sleeve 21.

Referring back to fig. 2 and 5, the outer ring 272 is movably received in the opening of the outer ring 272 along the axial direction, so that the loading ring 27 and the loading sleeve 21 form a structure similar to a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the loading sleeve 21 is similar to a cylinder, the loading ring 27 is similar to a piston, and the loading ring 27 and the closed end of the loading sleeve 21 form a sealed space 213 by movably receiving the loading ring 27 in the axial direction in the receiving cavity of the sleeve. In this embodiment, the loading sleeve 21 is provided with a through hole 211 at a portion thereof located in the sealed space 213, for filling the sealed space 213 with gas from the through hole 211. During testing, after detecting that the rotation speed of the rotor 14 reaches a preset value, gas is filled into the through hole 211 of the sealed space 213 to apply an axial loading force to the rotor 14 through the loading ring 27.

The force sensor 24 is connected to the loading sleeve 21 to detect the loading force of the detection sleeve. Specifically, one end of the loading shaft 22 is fixedly connected to the loading sleeve 21 along the axial direction, and the other end passes through the linear bearing seat 23 and is connected to the force sensor 24. The linear bearing block 23 is a linear motion system, and is used in cooperation with a cylindrical loading shaft 22 in an infinite stroke, and the loading shaft 22 can rotate relative to the linear bearing block 23 and can also move back and forth along the axial direction relative to the linear bearing block 23, so that the linear bearing block 23 can be movably connected to the loading shaft 22 along the axial direction of the loading shaft 22 to support the loading shaft 22.

The force sensor 24 has one end connected to the loading shaft 22 and the other end connected to the connecting rod 25. The connecting rod 25 extends in the axial direction of the loading shaft 22, and the other end is rotatably connected to the bracket 26, and the connecting rod 25 is supported by the bracket 26.

The following describes in detail the axial loading test method implemented using the above axial loading test apparatus. The axial loading test method comprises the following steps:

firstly, the components of the axial loading test equipment are installed and debugged, and external air flow is blown to the impeller to start rotating according to the test requirements, and the impeller can drive the rotor 14 to rotate.

During the rotation process, the rotation speed signal of the rotor 14 is collected by the speed sensor 13, and when the rotation speed of the belt rotor 14 reaches a stable rotation speed, the rotor 14 is separated from the foil air bearing 15 to rotate highly.

Then, according to the test requirement, gas is introduced into the loading sleeve 21 until the gas pressure in the sealed space 213 reaches a preset value, and due to the gas pressure, the gas pressure in the sealed space 213 applies an axial acting force to the loading ring 27, so that the loading shaft 22 can also bear the axial loading force through the loading ring 27. Meanwhile, the force sensor 24 may also collect data through the loading shaft 22 and transmit the data to the computer, and the loading force borne by the loading shaft 22 may be calculated according to the collected data.

However, in other embodiments, the rotor 14 may be started after the loading sleeve 21 is inflated to simulate another condition, as required by the test. During testing, the corresponding axial bearing capacity can be obtained by sampling data under different conditions by changing the rotating speed and the loading force of the rotor 14.

The axial loading test apparatus and method described above connect the loading ring 27 of the loading mechanism 20 to the rotor 14, and the loading ring 27 is sleeved on the loading sleeve 21, so that a sealed space 213 is formed between the loading sleeve 21 and the loading ring 27. During the axial test, air is filled into the sealed space 213, the air pressure of the air applies axial loading force to the rotor 14 through the loading ring 27, the axial force loaded by the rotor 14 in the test process is mild, the stress is uniform, the control is accurate, the self-adaption is strong, the test bench 10 is protected from being damaged by impact and overload, the service lives of the rotor 14 and the foil air bearing 15 are prolonged, and the test requirement of stable axial loading can be met. Moreover, the axial loading test equipment is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to build and debug and good in universality, can meet the test requirements of thrust foil air bearings 15 with different rotors 14 and different sizes, and is greatly helpful for researching the performance of the foil air bearings 15.

In several embodiments provided in the present disclosure, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the disclosure being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Furthermore, it is obvious that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. The terms first, second, etc. are used to denote names, but not any particular order.

Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An axial loading test apparatus, comprising:

2. The axial load test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the test rig further comprises a drive machine coupled to the rotor to drive the rotor in rotation.

3. The axial load testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the driver machine includes an impeller coupled to the rotor, the impeller rotating to rotate the rotor when a flow of gas is directed toward the impeller.

4. The axial load testing apparatus of claim 3, wherein the testing table further comprises a speed sensor for detecting a rotation speed of the rotor, and after the rotation speed of the rotor reaches a preset value, the sealed space is filled with gas to apply an axial loading force to the rotor through the loading ring.

5. The axial load testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the load ring comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring being connected to the rotor and the outer ring being connected to the inner ring; the end part of the loading sleeve is provided with an opening, and the outer ring is movably accommodated in the opening of the loading sleeve along the axial direction to form the sealed space.

6. The axial loading test apparatus of claim 5, wherein the loading mechanism further comprises a force sensor coupled to the loading sleeve to detect a loading force of the test sleeve.

7. The axial loading test apparatus of claim 6, wherein the loading mechanism further comprises a bracket and a loading shaft, one end of the loading shaft being axially connected to the loading sleeve and the other end being rotationally connected to the bracket through the force sensor.

8. The axial load testing apparatus of claim 7, wherein the loading mechanism further comprises a connecting rod and a linear bearing block, the connecting rod having one end connected to the force sensor and the other end rotatably connected to the bracket; the linear bearing block is movably connected to the loading shaft in an axial direction of the loading shaft to support the loading shaft.

9. An axial loading test method, comprising:

10. The axial load testing method of claim 9, further comprising, before filling the sealed space with gas, rotating the rotor until a rotation speed of the rotor is equal to or greater than a preset value; or after filling gas into the sealed space until the gas pressure in the sealed space reaches a preset value, rotating the rotor until the rotating speed of the rotor is equal to or greater than the preset value.