CN113916655A - Shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance test device and test method - Google Patents
Shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel, and relates to the technical field of shield tunnels. The test device for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel comprises a supporting mechanism, a shield tunnel model, a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanisms, a transverse loading mechanism and a control mechanism. The shield tunnel model comprises a plurality of segment rings which are abutted in sequence, and the inner walls of the two adjacent segment rings are provided with detection pieces. The two ends of the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism are respectively connected with two segment rings arranged at intervals. The transverse loading mechanism is movably arranged on the supporting mechanism, a loading end of the transverse loading mechanism is arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model and corresponds to the shield tunnel model, and the transverse loading mechanism is used for applying transverse loading force to the shield tunnel model. The reliability of the test environment can be guaranteed, the accuracy of the test result is improved, and the application range of the test device is widened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnels, in particular to a device and a method for testing the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel.
Background
In urban railway track traffic, river-crossing tunnels, underground space development and utilization and other major projects, the construction and protection of shield tunnels are often involved. The shield tunnel is assembled by a large number of segment rings, and in the construction period and the operation period, due to the influence of various objective and subjective factors, the shield tunnel is usually unevenly deformed along the longitudinal direction, so that the segment rings are opened and staggered, the water seepage of the tunnel, the deformation of the flowing soil or the subway track is induced, and the structural safety of the shield tunnel is threatened. Therefore, reinforcement measures need to be taken along the longitudinal direction of the shield tunnel to ensure that the pipe sheet rings are fully compressed.
The existing reinforcing structure can realize the compression and reinforcement between the segment rings so as to achieve the effect of compensating the stress loss and relieving the deformation of the tunnel. However, the method does not have sufficient theoretical mechanism research and engineering practice verification, and the tests cannot be rapidly and reliably realized on various different conditions such as the installation of the reinforced structure in the shield tunnel, the applied pressing force and the like.
Therefore, a device and a method for testing the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel are needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test device and a test method for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel, which can effectively simulate the actual use environment of the shield tunnel, and further can obtain the deformation or the bearing acting force of a shield tunnel model under the action of different transverse loading forces through a control mechanism, thereby not only effectively ensuring the reliability of the test environment, but also improving the accuracy of the test result, and simultaneously greatly improving the application range of the test device.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance test device, includes: a support mechanism; the supporting mechanism is used for supporting two ends of the shield tunnel model, the shield tunnel model comprises a plurality of duct piece rings which are abutted in sequence, the inner walls of two adjacent duct piece rings are provided with detection pieces, and the detection pieces are used for detecting annular seams between the two adjacent duct piece rings; the two ends of the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism are respectively connected with the two segment rings arranged at intervals, and the prestress reinforcing mechanism can apply compression prestress between the two adjacent segment rings; the transverse loading mechanism is movably arranged on the supporting mechanism, a loading end of the transverse loading mechanism is arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model and corresponds to the shield tunnel model, the transverse loading mechanism is used for applying transverse loading force to the shield tunnel model, and the transverse loading mechanism can also acquire acting force or deformation borne by the shield tunnel model under the action of the transverse loading force; the control mechanism is in communication connection with the detection piece and the transverse loading mechanism, can acquire the detected circular seam data of the detection piece and the acting force or deformation borne by the shield tunnel model under the action of the transverse loading force acquired by the transverse loading mechanism, and can control the transverse loading mechanism to adjust the transverse loading force.
Furthermore, one end of at least one longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism is connected with the segment ring at one end of the shield tunnel model, and the other end of the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism is connected with the segment ring at the other end of the shield tunnel model.
Furthermore, at least part of the segment rings are provided with a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms which are distributed along the length direction of the shield tunnel model, and at least one part of each two adjacent longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms is overlapped in the length direction of the shield tunnel model.
Further, in the circumferential direction of the shield tunnel model, a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms are arranged.
Further, the longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanism includes: an elastic member connected to one of the tube sheet rings and the support mechanism; and one end of the rigid part is connected with the elastic part, and the other end of the rigid part is connected with the other pipe sheet ring and the supporting mechanism in a position-adjustable manner.
Further, the longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanism further includes: an adjustment member connected to the segment ring and the support mechanism; the moving part is adjustably arranged in the adjusting part in a penetrating mode along the length direction of the shield tunnel model, and the moving part is connected with the other end of the rigid part.
Further, the detection member includes: the two fixing parts are respectively fixedly connected to the two adjacent pipe sheet rings; the two ends of the flexible part are respectively connected with the two fixing parts; the detection part is arranged on the flexible part and can detect the flexible strain of the flexible part.
Further, the lateral loading mechanism includes: the reverse beam is movably arranged on the supporting mechanism along the vertical direction; the transverse loading piece is movably arranged in the axial direction of the shield tunnel model on the reverse beam, and the loading end of the transverse loading piece can stop supporting the shield tunnel model.
Furthermore, the transverse loading pieces are provided with a plurality of loading ends, and the loading ends of the transverse loading pieces are respectively abutted to the outer walls of the plurality of tube sheet rings.
A test method for the stress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel is based on the test device for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel, and comprises the following steps: sequentially abutting a plurality of segment rings to form a shield tunnel model, installing a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms in the segment rings according to a test working condition, arranging a detection piece between every two adjacent segment rings, and connecting the detection piece with a control mechanism; installing the shield tunnel model on a supporting mechanism, and adjusting the transverse loading mechanism to enable a loading end of the transverse loading mechanism to be arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model corresponding to the shield tunnel model; controlling a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms to apply different longitudinal prestress on the shield tunnel model according to a test working condition through the control mechanism, controlling the transverse loading mechanism to apply different transverse loading force on the shield tunnel model according to the test working condition, and observing and recording deflection change of the shield tunnel model under different longitudinal prestress and transverse loading force; and controlling the longitudinal prestress applied to the shield tunnel model by the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms to be zero and controlling the transverse loading force applied to the shield tunnel model by the transverse loading mechanism to be zero through the control mechanism, deriving the deflection change of the shield tunnel model under the action of different longitudinal prestress and transverse loading force, and comparing the deflection change with a numerical simulation result.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the supporting mechanism can support two ends of the shield tunnel model, so that the shield tunnel model can be loaded with longitudinal prestress by the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism and can be ensured to generate corresponding deformation or deflection under the action of longitudinal prestress and transverse loading force when being loaded with transverse loading force by the transverse loading mechanism, and the reliability of data acquired when the shield tunnel model is tested can be ensured. The shield tunnel model is formed by a plurality of segment rings which are abutted in sequence, and the structure of the actual shield tunnel can be well simulated, so that the deformation of the actual shield tunnel generated when the actual shield tunnel is subjected to transverse loading force and longitudinal prestress can be conveniently researched according to the stress deformation analysis of the shield tunnel model, and the reliability of the test can be improved. The longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms are provided with a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms, so that two ends of each longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism can be adjusted according to different test working conditions and test requirements and are arranged on different pipe sheet rings, the longitudinal prestress applied to each pipe sheet ring meets the test working conditions and the test requirements, the test diversity is improved, and the test reliability is also improved. In addition, the detection piece can detect the circumferential weld between two adjacent pipe sheet rings in real time, thereby being convenient for acquiring the deformation of a plurality of pipe sheet rings of the shield tunnel model generated when the pipe sheet rings are under the action of longitudinal prestress, and easily finishing the data processing at the later stage of the test according to the circumferential weld data acquired by the control device. In addition, because the current shield tunnel sets up in the soil body usually, its side and top surface can receive the load of different degrees, horizontal loading mechanism can exert the horizontal loading force along its axial direction to the shield tunnel model, thereby can simulate the load at each axial direction of shield tunnel model, with the different loads that the simulation actual shield tunnel received, the actual service environment of shield tunnel has effectively been simulated, and then can obtain the deformation that the shield tunnel model produced or the effort that bears under the effect of different horizontal loading forces through control mechanism, the reliability of experimental environment has not only been effectively guaranteed, the accuracy of test result has also been improved, the service environment of different shield tunnels also can be simulated simultaneously, the application scope of testing arrangement has been improved greatly. The transverse loading mechanism can better simulate the use environment of the shield tunnel and the sudden environment when the transverse loading force suddenly changes, the plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms can apply longitudinal prestress with different force and direction to each segment ring according to different test working conditions, thereby meeting the test parameter requirements of various different test working conditions, and the control mechanism and the detection piece can acquire all parameters of the shield tunnel model such as deformation, acting force, circular seam and the like under different test parameters, so as to complete the simulation according to the parameters and the test conditions, ensure the reliable completion of the test, ensure the good reproducibility of the test, ensure the reliability of the test result, and the method for applying longitudinal prestress to the shield tunnel to complete reinforcement can conveniently establish uniform and reliable mature standards according to the test simulation result, therefore, the effect of improving the longitudinal bending rigidity of the conventional shield tunnel can be achieved according to the test result.
According to the test method for the stress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel, the test device for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel has any beneficial effect.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the enlarged structure at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the enlarged structure at B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 1 at C;
fig. 5 is a second schematic partial structural diagram of a test apparatus for longitudinal pre-stress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is one of a side view of a shield tunnel model and a longitudinal pre-stress reinforcement mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a second side view of the shield tunnel model and the longitudinal pre-stress reinforcement mechanism provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a test apparatus for longitudinal pre-stress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a front view of a test device for longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of a method for testing stress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1. A support mechanism; 11. mounting holes; 12. a column; 13. a cross beam;
2. a shield tunnel model; 21. a tube sheet ring;
3. a detection member; 31. a fixed part; 32. a flexible portion; 33. a detection unit;
4. a longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanism; 41. an elastic member; 42. a rigid member; 43. a fixing member; 44. an adjustment member; 45. a movable member;
5. a transverse loading mechanism; 51. a reversed beam; 52. a transverse loading member;
61. inputting a data line; 62. and outputting the data line.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
It will be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience and simplicity of description only and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
The following describes a specific structure of a shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance test device according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 9.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, fig. 1 discloses a test device for longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel, which includes a support mechanism 1, a shield tunnel model 2, a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanisms 4, a transverse loading mechanism 5 and a control mechanism. The shield tunnel model 2 is arranged in the supporting mechanism 1 in a penetrating mode, the shield tunnel model 2 comprises a plurality of pipe sheet rings 21 which are abutted in sequence, the inner walls of the two adjacent pipe sheet rings 21 are provided with detection pieces 3, and the detection pieces 3 are used for detecting annular gaps between the two adjacent pipe sheet rings 21. Two ends of the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4 are respectively connected with the two pipe sheet rings 21 which are arranged at intervals, and the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4 can apply compression prestress between the two adjacent pipe sheet rings 21. The transverse loading mechanism 5 is movably arranged on the supporting mechanism 1, the loading end of the transverse loading mechanism 5 is arranged corresponding to the shield tunnel model 2 along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model 2, the transverse loading mechanism 5 is used for applying transverse loading force to the shield tunnel model 2, and the transverse loading mechanism 5 can also obtain acting force or deformation borne by the shield tunnel model 2 under the action of the transverse loading force. The control mechanism is in communication connection with the detection piece 3 and the transverse loading mechanism 5, can acquire the circumferential weld data detected by the detection piece 3 and the acting force or deformation borne by the shield tunnel model 2 under the action of the transverse loading force acquired by the transverse loading mechanism 5, and can control the transverse loading mechanism 5 to adjust the transverse loading force.
It can be understood that the supporting mechanism 1 can support two ends of the shield tunnel model 2, so that when the shield tunnel model 2 is loaded with longitudinal prestress by the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4 and loaded with transverse loading force by the transverse loading mechanism 5, most of the segment rings 21 of the shield tunnel model 2 can be ensured to generate corresponding deformation or deflection under the action of the longitudinal prestress and the transverse loading force, and the reliability of data obtained when the shield tunnel model 2 is tested is ensured. The shield tunnel model 2 is formed by a plurality of pipe sheet rings 21 which are abutted in sequence, and can better simulate the structure of an actual shield tunnel, so that the deformation of the actual shield tunnel generated when the actual shield tunnel is subjected to transverse loading force and longitudinal prestress can be conveniently analyzed and researched according to the stress deformation of the shield tunnel model 2, and the reliability of the test can be further improved.
The longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms 4 are arranged in a plurality of manners, so that two ends of each longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4 can be adjusted according to different test working conditions and test requirements and are mounted on different pipe sheet rings 21, the longitudinal prestress applied to each pipe sheet ring 21 meets the test working conditions and the test requirements, test diversity is improved, and test reliability is also improved. In addition, the detection piece 3 can detect the circular seam between two adjacent pipe sheet rings 21 in real time, thereby being convenient for acquiring the deformation of a plurality of pipe sheet rings 21 of the shield tunnel model 2 when the pipe sheet rings are under the action of longitudinal prestress, and easily finishing the data processing at the later stage of the test according to the circular seam data acquired by the control device.
In addition, because the existing shield tunnel is usually arranged in the soil body, the side surface and the top surface of the shield tunnel can be loaded at different degrees, the transverse loading mechanism 5 can apply a transverse loading force along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model 2, so that the loads in all the axial directions of the shield tunnel model 2 can be simulated, different loads borne by the actual shield tunnel can be simulated, the actual use environment of the shield tunnel can be effectively simulated, further, the deformation or borne acting force generated by the shield tunnel model 2 under the action of different transverse loading forces can be obtained through the control mechanism, the reliability of the test environment is effectively ensured, the accuracy of the test result is also improved, meanwhile, the use environments of different shield tunnels can be simulated, and the application range of the test device is greatly improved.
Therefore, the transverse loading mechanism 5 can better simulate the service environment of the shield tunnel and can also simulate the sudden environment when the transverse loading force suddenly changes, the plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms 4 can apply longitudinal prestress with various forces and directions to each pipe sheet ring 21 according to different test working conditions, so that the test parameter requirements of various different test working conditions can be met, the control mechanism and the detection piece 3 can acquire various parameters such as deformation, acting force, ring seam and the like of the shield tunnel model 2 under different test parameters, so as to complete simulation according to the parameters and the test working conditions, ensure the reliable completion of the test, ensure the reliability of the test result, and facilitate the establishment of unified and reliable mature standards of the method for applying the longitudinal prestress to the shield tunnel to complete reinforcement according to the test simulation result, therefore, the effect of improving the longitudinal bending rigidity of the conventional shield tunnel can be achieved according to the test result.
In some specific embodiments, the segment rings 21 are made of PVC plastic pipes, and the sectional dimensions and the material elastic modulus of the plurality of segment rings 21 are fixed, so that quantification is realized, and further, simulation analysis of the shield tunnel model 2 is completed according to the fixed segment rings, quantitative theoretical calculation and analysis comparison are realized, difficulty in experimental analysis is effectively reduced, and reliability of experimental analysis results is improved. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the tube sheet ring 21 may be made of other materials as long as it can ensure that the experimental analysis can achieve quantitative theoretical calculation and analysis comparison.
In some specific embodiments, as shown in fig. 9, the supporting mechanism 1 is provided with two mounting holes 11 arranged at intervals, one segment ring 21 at one end of the shield tunnel model 2 is fitted in one mounting hole 11, and one segment ring 21 at the other end is fitted in the other mounting hole 11. In addition, the outer diameter of the segment ring 21 is the same as the inner diameter of the mounting hole 11, so that the supporting mechanism 1 can better support the shield tunnel model 2, and the reliability of the test can be improved.
Specifically, in order to implement that the supporting mechanism 1 is provided with two mounting holes 11, as shown in fig. 9, two supporting mechanisms 1 may be provided at intervals, and the mounting holes 11 are provided in the supporting mechanisms 1.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, at least one longitudinal prestressing reinforcement means 4 is connected at one end to segment ring 21 at one end of shield tunnel model 2 and at the other end to segment ring 21 at the other end of shield tunnel model 2.
It can be understood that through the above structure arrangement, most of the segment rings 21 in the shield tunnel model 2 can be reinforced by longitudinal prestress under the action of at least one longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4, so that the adjustment complexity of the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4 can be reduced, and the test efficiency can be improved. In addition, because the shield tunnel model 2 still need be fixed on supporting mechanism 1 simultaneously, through the above-mentioned structural setting, can wear to establish simultaneously in supporting mechanism 1 or connect in supporting mechanism 1 through the both ends with this vertical prestressing force strengthening mechanism 4, can realize realizing the fixed to shield tunnel model 2 through this vertical prestressing force strengthening mechanism 4 to test device's installation convenience has been improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, at least a part of the segment ring 21 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal pre-stress reinforcing mechanisms 4, and the plurality of longitudinal pre-stress reinforcing mechanisms 4 are distributed along the length direction of the shield tunnel model 2, and at least a part of two adjacent longitudinal pre-stress reinforcing mechanisms 4 are overlapped in the length direction of the shield tunnel model 2.
It can be understood that, through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, make part section ring 21 can receive the loading effect of repeated vertical prestressing force in same position, so that make part section ring 21 form and consolidate the overlapping section, and then can be convenient for realize consolidating the adjustment of technical parameter such as length and the size of the overlapping section, effectively improved the experimental operating mode type that a plurality of vertical prestressing force reinforcing mechanism 4 can realize, with effectively improved test device's experimental simulation scope, improved its application scope.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the longitudinal prestress reinforcement 4 is provided in plurality in the circumferential direction of the shield tunnel model 2.
It can be understood that, since each direction of the circumferential direction of the existing shield tunnel may be subjected to different loads, the magnitude of the longitudinal prestress required for the reinforcement of the shield tunnel may be different in the circumferential direction of the shield tunnel,
in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the longitudinal prestress reinforcement 4 includes an elastic member 41 and a rigid member 42. The elastic member 41 is connected to one of the segment rings 21 and the support mechanism 1. One end of the rigid member 42 is connected to the elastic member 41, and the other end is connected to the other segment ring 21 and the support mechanism 1 in a position-adjustable manner.
It can be understood that the rigid member 42 is generally a rigid structure, when the position of the other end of the rigid member 42 changes, it will bring the elastic member 41 to generate elastic change, and when the elastic member 41 generates elastic change, the elastic force can be transmitted to the other tube sheet ring 21 through the rigid member 42, so as to form loading of longitudinal prestress in the two tube sheet rings 21; in addition, the elastic force of the elastic member 41 can be usually calculated according to the parameters of the elastic member 41, and the rigid member 42 is usually of a rigid structure, that is, the distance change generated at the other end of the rigid member 42 can be equivalent to the length change of the elastic member 41, so that the longitudinal prestress applied to the plurality of tube sheet rings 21 when the elastic member 41 deforms can be conveniently calculated, and the convenience degree of the test is effectively improved.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the elastic member 41 comprises a spring, and the spring is calibrated by the stiffness coefficient, so that the longitudinal prestress can be calculated by the parameters of the spring itself and the dimension of the variation distance at the other end of the rigid member 42. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the elastic element 41 may be formed in other structures, as long as the effect of quickly and conveniently calculating the longitudinal pre-stress can be achieved, and no specific limitation is required.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the rigid member 42 includes a steel strand, which has high strength and rigidity and is not easy to apply longitudinal prestress to the plurality of segment rings 21, so as to ensure that the longitudinal prestress applied to the plurality of segment rings 21 can be equal to the elastic force of the elastic member 41. In other embodiments of the present invention, the rigid member 42 may be formed as other rigid structures without specific limitation.
In some specific embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the longitudinal pre-stress reinforcing mechanism 4 further includes a fixing member 43, and the fixing member 43 passes through the supporting mechanism 1 and is fixedly connected to one end of the elastic member 41 away from the rigid member 42, it can be understood that the fixing member 43 can better ensure that one end of the elastic member 41 away from the rigid member 42 is fixedly connected to the tube sheet ring 21 and the supporting mechanism 1, so as to conveniently determine that the size of the elastic deformation generated by the elastic member 41 is consistent with the displacement size of the rigid member 42, thereby reducing the difficulty of setting the test parameters, and improving the test efficiency on the premise of ensuring the test reliability.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the longitudinal prestressing reinforcement 4 further comprises an adjustment element 44 and a movable element 45. The adjustment member 44 is connected to the segment ring 21 and the support mechanism 1. The movable member 45 is adjustably inserted into the adjusting member 44 along the length direction of the shield tunnel model 2, and the movable member 45 is connected to the other end of the rigid member 42.
It can be understood that the position of the movable member 45 relative to the tube sheet ring 21 and the support mechanism 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the movable member 45 relative to the adjusting member 44, meanwhile, one end of the rigid member 42 is connected with the elastic member 41, the other end of the elastic member 41 is fixedly connected with the support mechanism 1, and the other end of the rigid member 42 is connected with the movable member 45, so that when the movable member 45 moves relative to the support mechanism 1, the joint of the rigid member 42 and the elastic member 41 also moves relative to the support mechanism 1, and the elastic member 41 is elastically deformed, thereby achieving the longitudinal prestress reinforcement effect on the tube sheet ring 21 in the two ends of the longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanism 4.
In particular, in the present embodiment, the movable member 45 is screwed to the adjustment member 44, which enables both the adjustable connection of the movable member 45 to the adjustment member 44 and the secure connection of the adjustment member 44 and the movable member 45. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the connection structure between the movable member 45 and the adjusting member 44 may also be adjusted according to actual requirements, and need not be limited specifically.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the detecting member 3 includes two fixing portions 31, a flexible portion 32, and a detecting portion 33. The two fixing portions 31 are fixedly connected to the two adjacent tube sheet rings 21, respectively. Both ends of the flexible portion 32 are connected to the two fixing portions 31, respectively. The detection unit 33 is provided on the flexible portion 32, and the detection unit 33 can detect the flexible strain of the flexible portion 32.
It can be understood that the two fixing portions 31 can ensure that the two ends of the flexible portion 32 are firmly connected to the two adjacent pipe sheet rings 21, so that the flexible portion 32 covers the annular seam between the two adjacent pipe sheet rings 21, therefore, when the two pipe sheet rings 21 are relatively displaced under the action of the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4 and the annular seam becomes larger or smaller, the detection portion 33 arranged on the flexible portion 32 can detect the flexible strain of the flexible portion 32, and calculate the annular seam opening amount of the annular seam according to the change of the flexible portion 32 before and after the flexible strain occurs, thereby better detecting the annular seam opening amount.
Advantageously, as shown in fig. 4, the detecting portion 33 is disposed corresponding to the circular seam of the two adjacent tube sheet rings 21, so that the detecting effect of the detecting portion 33 can be improved.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the fixing portion 31 is a portion of the plastic film fixedly adhered to the segment ring 21, the flexible portion 32 is a portion of the plastic film not adhered to the segment ring 21, and the detecting portion 33 includes a collecting piece adhered to the flexible portion 32. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the specific structures of the fixing portion 31, the flexible portion 32 and the detecting portion 33 may be determined according to actual requirements, and need not be limited specifically.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the lateral loading mechanism 5 includes a counter beam 51 and a lateral loading member 52. The counter beam 51 is movably arranged in the vertical direction on the support 1. The transverse loading member 52 is movably provided on the back beam 51 in the axial direction of the shield tunnel model 2, and the loading end of the transverse loading member 52 can stop against the shield tunnel model 2.
It can be understood that the counter beam 51 can bear the counter force generated by the transverse loading piece 52 when applying the transverse loading force to the shield tunnel model 2, so that not only the initial position of the transverse loading piece 52 can be abutted against the shield tunnel model 2, when the transverse loading piece 52 applies the transverse loading force, the actual transverse loading force applied to the shield tunnel model 2 can be determined by detecting the counter force applied to the counter beam 51, but also the initial position of the transverse loading piece 52 can be kept at a distance from the shield tunnel model 2, and when the transverse loading piece 52 moves relative to the shield tunnel model 2 and applies the transverse loading force to the shield tunnel model 2, the transverse loading force applied to the shield tunnel model 2 is calculated according to the moving size of the transverse loading piece 52. From this, the transverse loading mechanism 5 of this embodiment can simulate and calculate the transverse loading power that shield tunnel model 2 received through different modes according to actual demand, not only can guarantee the detection reliability of transverse loading power, also can improve experimental operating mode kind to ensure experimental reliability.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 9, the lateral loading members 52 are provided in plurality, and the loading ends of the plurality of lateral loading members 52 abut against the outer walls of the plurality of tube sheet rings 21, respectively.
It will be appreciated that since shield tunnels are typically formed by assembling a plurality of pipe ring structures, there are different possibilities for the shield tunnel to be subjected to different loads in the direction of its length for each pipe ring structure. Therefore, in this embodiment, after the plurality of transverse loading pieces 52 are provided, the test conditions that each pipe ring structure of the actual shield tunnel bears the same loading force or different loading forces can be conveniently simulated, so that the stress condition of the simulated shield tunnel can be more accurately simulated, the accuracy and reliability of the test are further improved, the conclusion obtained according to the simulation of the relevant parameters of the shield tunnel model 2 obtained by the test is more accurate, and the application range of the test can be also improved.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the lateral loading member 52 includes a servo loading structure, which is beneficial to control the displacement or loading force of the lateral loading member 52 through a control mechanism, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the lateral loading member 52 may be configured with other loading structures without specific limitation.
In some specific embodiments, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the support mechanism 1 further comprises a column 12 and a beam 13. The cross beam 13 is movably arranged on the upright post 12 along the vertical direction, and the counter beam 51 is movably arranged on the cross beam 13 along the horizontal direction. It can be understood that, through the above structure arrangement, the positions of the plurality of transverse loading pieces 52 relative to the shield tunnel model 2 can be adjusted, so that the adjustment according to the actual test working condition requirements is facilitated, and the device is suitable for the detection of shield tunnel models 2 with different lengths, so as to improve the test application range.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the counter beam 51 is provided with a sliding slot, the cross beam 13 is fitted in the sliding slot, so that the counter beam 51 can move along the length direction of the cross beam 13, and the vertical column 12 and the cross beam 13 are connected by a screw thread to realize the movement of the cross beam 13 in the vertical direction. In other embodiments of the present invention, the adjustable function may be implemented by other connection manners, which need not be limited in detail.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 8, the control mechanism includes an input data line 61 and an output data line 62, one end of each of the input data line 61 and the output data line 62 is in communication connection with the transverse loading mechanism 5, and the other end of each of the input data line 61 and the output data line 62 is connected with an upper computer on which matching software is installed, so that a user can set loading conditions of the transverse loading mechanism 5 through the upper computer, thereby controlling the transverse loading mechanism 5 to load the top beam of the shield tunnel model 2, and acquiring and analyzing a counter force generated by the shield tunnel model 2 corresponding to the position of the transverse loading mechanism 5 and a loading stroke of the transverse loading mechanism 5. It should be added here that the input data line 61 and the output data line 62 are communicatively connected to the transverse loading mechanism 5, where the communicative connection may be through a cable or through a wifi signal, and the connection manner of the input data line 61 and the output data line 62 to the transverse loading mechanism 5 is a conventional connection means in the control field, and need not be described herein again.
As shown in fig. 10, the present invention also discloses a test method for the stress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel, and the test device for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel based on the foregoing description includes: sequentially abutting a plurality of pipe sheet rings 21 to form a shield tunnel model 2, installing a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms 4 in the pipe sheet rings 21 according to a test working condition, arranging a detection piece 3 between two adjacent pipe sheet rings 21, and connecting the detection piece 3 with a control mechanism; installing the shield tunnel model 2 on the supporting mechanism 1, and adjusting the transverse loading mechanism 5 to enable the loading end of the transverse loading mechanism to be arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model 2 corresponding to the shield tunnel model 2; controlling a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms 4 to apply different longitudinal prestress on the shield tunnel model 2 according to the test working condition through a control mechanism, controlling a transverse loading mechanism 5 to apply different transverse loading force on the shield tunnel model 2 according to the test working condition, and observing and recording the deflection change of the shield tunnel model 2 under the action of different longitudinal prestress and transverse loading force; the longitudinal prestress applied to the shield tunnel model 2 by the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms 4 is controlled to be zero by the control mechanism, the transverse loading force applied to the shield tunnel model 2 by the transverse loading mechanism 5 is controlled to be zero, and the deflection change of the shield tunnel model 2 under the action of different longitudinal prestress and transverse loading force is led out and compared with a numerical simulation result.
According to the test method for the stress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the actual use environment of the shield tunnel can be effectively simulated due to the adoption of the test device for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel, so that the deformation or the bearing acting force of the shield tunnel model 2 under the action of different transverse loading forces can be acquired through the control mechanism, the reliability of the test environment is effectively ensured, the accuracy of the test result is improved, the use environments of different shield tunnels can be simulated, and the application range of the test device is greatly improved. In addition, according to the test method for the stress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel in the embodiment, the transverse loading forces with different sizes and different distributions can be applied to the shield quick adjustment model according to the setting of the supporting software of the upper computer of the control mechanism, and meanwhile, the formation of the transverse loading piece 52 can be recorded, so that the longitudinal distribution of the deflection of the shield tunnel model 2 caused by each test can be obtained, and the comparison and analysis with the simulation result can be conveniently carried out.
Example (b):
the following describes a test device and a test method for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 10.
The test device for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel comprises a supporting mechanism 1, a shield tunnel model 2, a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanisms 4, a transverse loading mechanism 5 and a control mechanism.
The shield tunnel model 2 is arranged in the supporting mechanism 1 in a penetrating mode, the shield tunnel model 2 comprises a plurality of pipe sheet rings 21 which are abutted in sequence, the inner walls of the two adjacent pipe sheet rings 21 are provided with detection pieces 3, and the detection pieces 3 are used for detecting annular gaps between the two adjacent pipe sheet rings 21. The detection member 3 includes two fixing portions 31, a flexible portion 32, and a detection portion 33. The two fixing portions 31 are fixedly connected to the two adjacent tube sheet rings 21, respectively. Both ends of the flexible portion 32 are connected to the two fixing portions 31, respectively. The detection unit 33 is provided on the flexible portion 32, and the detection unit 33 can detect the flexible strain of the flexible portion 32.
Two ends of the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4 are respectively connected with the two pipe sheet rings 21 which are arranged at intervals, and the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4 can apply compression prestress between the two adjacent pipe sheet rings 21. At least part of the pipe sheet rings 21 are provided with a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms 4, the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms 4 are distributed along the length direction of the shield tunnel model 2, and at least part of two adjacent longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms 4 are overlapped in the length direction of the shield tunnel model 2. In the circumferential direction of the shield tunnel model 2, a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms 4 are provided. The longitudinal prestress reinforcement 4 includes an elastic member 41 and a rigid member 42. The elastic member 41 is connected to one of the segment rings 21 and the support mechanism 1. One end of the rigid member 42 is connected to the elastic member 41, and the other end is connected to the other segment ring 21 and the support mechanism 1 in a position-adjustable manner. The longitudinal prestressing reinforcement 4 further comprises an adjustment element 44 and a movable element 45. The adjustment member 44 is connected to the segment ring 21 and the support mechanism 1. The movable member 45 is adjustably inserted into the adjusting member 44 along the length direction of the shield tunnel model 2, and the movable member 45 is connected to the other end of the rigid member 42.
The transverse loading mechanism 5 is movably arranged on the supporting mechanism 1, the loading end of the transverse loading mechanism 5 is arranged corresponding to the shield tunnel model 2 along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model 2, the transverse loading mechanism 5 is used for applying transverse loading force to the shield tunnel model 2, and the transverse loading mechanism 5 can also obtain acting force or deformation borne by the shield tunnel model 2 under the action of the transverse loading force. The lateral loading mechanism 5 includes a counter beam 51 and a lateral loading member 52. The counter beam 51 is movably arranged in the vertical direction on the support 1. The transverse loading member 52 is movably provided on the back beam 51 in the axial direction of the shield tunnel model 2, and the loading end of the transverse loading member 52 can stop against the shield tunnel model 2. The plurality of lateral loading members 52 are provided, and the loading ends of the plurality of lateral loading members 52 abut against the outer walls of the plurality of tube sheet rings 21, respectively.
The control mechanism is in communication connection with the detection piece 3 and the transverse loading mechanism 5, can acquire the circumferential weld data detected by the detection piece 3 and the acting force or deformation borne by the shield tunnel model 2 under the action of the transverse loading force acquired by the transverse loading mechanism 5, and can control the transverse loading mechanism 5 to adjust the transverse loading force.
The test method for the stress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the number of longitudinal prestress reinforcement sections of the shield tunnel model 2, the number of segment rings 21 of each group of longitudinal prestress reinforcement sections, the number of adjacent longitudinal prestress reinforcement overlapping ends and the number of segment rings 21 of each group of longitudinal prestress reinforcement sections according to a preset test working condition, and determining the number of all segment rings 21; an adjusting piece 44 and a movable piece 45 are arranged on one tube sheet ring 21 connected with the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4, a fixed piece 43 is arranged on the other tube sheet ring 21, a rigid piece 42 and an elastic piece 41 are inserted in a plurality of tube sheet rings 21 between the two tube sheet rings 21, two ends of the elastic piece 41 are respectively connected with the fixed piece 43 and the rigid piece 42, and the other power end of the rigid piece 42 is connected with the movable piece 45; adjusting the position of the movable member 45 relative to the adjusting member 44 to stretch the elastic member 41 to a predetermined length, enabling a plurality of tube sheet rings 21 between two tube sheet rings 21 connected with the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4 to generate longitudinal prestress, sequentially arranging the detecting members 3 between two adjacent tube sheet rings 21, connecting the detecting members 3 with an automatic strain acquisition instrument through leads, and manually applying transverse acting force on each position of the shield tunnel model 2 to test the detection performance of each detecting member 3;
s2, adjusting the positions of a counter beam 51 of a transverse loading mechanism 5 on a cross beam 13 of a support mechanism 1, respectively connecting a fixing part 43 and an adjusting part 44 of a longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism 4 of two tube sheet rings 21 connected to two ends of a shield tunnel model 2 to the support mechanism 1, adjusting the height of the cross beam 13 on an upright post 12 of the support mechanism 1, installing a transverse loading part 52 of the transverse loading mechanism 5 on the cross beam 13, and adjusting the positions of the counter beam 51 on the cross beam 13 and the positions of the cross beam 13 on the upright post 12 according to the estimated deformation of the shield tunnel model 2 and the maximum loading stroke of the transverse loading part 52 according to a preset test working condition, and connecting an input data line 61 and an output data line 62 of a control mechanism to an upper computer through a concentrator;
s3, opening the matched software on the upper computer, controlling the transverse loading piece 52 to stop against the shield tunnel model 2, and opening the automatic strain acquisition instrument; according to a preset test working condition, controlling each transverse loading piece 52 to apply transverse load to the shield tunnel model 2 through the matched software, and observing the deflection deformation of the shield tunnel model 2 on the matched software; after the transverse loading force applied by each transverse loading piece 52 reaches a preset target value, adjusting the movable piece 45 according to a preset test working condition to adjust the longitudinal prestress, and observing the recovery condition of the flexural deformation of the shield tunnel model 2 on supporting software; according to a preset test working condition, adjusting the transverse loading force of each transverse loading piece 52 to zero through the matched software, and observing the recovery condition of the flexural deformation of the shield tunnel model 2 through the matched software;
s4, exporting data collected by the automatic strain collector and load and stroke data applied by each transverse loading piece 52 to an upper computer; sequentially disassembling the supporting mechanism 1 and the shield tunnel model 2; and analyzing each data exported from the upper computer, and comparing the data with a numerical simulation result.
In the description herein, references to the description of "some embodiments," "other embodiments," or the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance test device which characterized in that includes:
a support mechanism (1);
the supporting mechanism (1) is used for supporting two ends of the shield tunnel model (2), the shield tunnel model (2) comprises a plurality of pipe sheet rings (21) which are abutted in sequence, a detection piece (3) is arranged on the inner wall of each two adjacent pipe sheet rings (21), and the detection piece (3) is used for detecting a circular seam between each two adjacent pipe sheet rings (21);
the pipe piece reinforcing device comprises a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms (4), wherein two ends of each longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanism (4) are respectively connected with two pipe piece rings (21) arranged at intervals, and the prestress reinforcing mechanisms can apply compression prestress between two adjacent pipe piece rings (21);
the transverse loading mechanism (5) is movably arranged on the supporting mechanism (1), a loading end of the transverse loading mechanism (5) is arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model (2) and corresponds to the shield tunnel model (2), the transverse loading mechanism (5) is used for applying transverse loading force to the shield tunnel model (2), and the transverse loading mechanism (5) can also acquire acting force or deformation borne by the shield tunnel model (2) under the action of the transverse loading force;
the control mechanism is in communication connection with the detection piece (3) and the transverse loading mechanism (5), can acquire the detected circular seam data of the detection piece (3) and the acting force or deformation borne by the shield tunnel model (2) under the action of the transverse loading force acquired by the transverse loading mechanism (5), and can control the transverse loading mechanism (5) to adjust the transverse loading force.
2. The test device for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of at least one longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanism (4) is connected with the segment ring (21) at one end of the shield tunnel model (2), and the other end is connected with the segment ring (21) at the other end of the shield tunnel model (2).
3. The test device for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanisms (4) are arranged on at least a part of the segment rings (21), the longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanisms (4) are distributed along the length direction of the shield tunnel model (2), and at least a part of two adjacent longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanisms (4) is overlapped in the length direction of the shield tunnel model (2).
4. The shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance test device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanisms (4) are provided in a circumferential direction of the shield tunnel model (2).
5. The shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance test device according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanism (4) comprises:
-an elastic member (41), said elastic member (41) being connected to one of said tube sheet rings (21) and said support means (1);
a rigid member (42), one end of the rigid member (42) is connected with the elastic member (41), and the other end is connected with the other tube sheet ring (21) and the supporting mechanism (1) in an adjustable mode.
6. The shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance test device according to claim 5, wherein the longitudinal prestress reinforcement mechanism (4) further comprises:
an adjustment member (44), the adjustment member (44) being connected to the tube sheet ring (21) and the support mechanism (1);
the movable piece (45) is adjustably arranged in the adjusting piece (44) in a penetrating mode along the length direction of the shield tunnel model (2), and the movable piece (45) is connected with the other end of the rigid piece (42).
7. The shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance test device according to claim 1, wherein the detection piece (3) comprises:
the two fixing parts (31), the two fixing parts (31) are respectively fixedly connected with the two adjacent tube sheet rings (21);
a flexible part (32), wherein two ends of the flexible part (32) are respectively connected with the two fixing parts (31);
a detection portion (33), the detection portion (33) being provided on the flexible portion (32), the detection portion (33) being capable of detecting a flexible strain of the flexible portion (32).
8. The shield tunnel longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance test device according to claim 1, wherein the transverse loading mechanism (5) comprises:
the counter beam (51), the counter beam (51) is movably arranged on the supporting mechanism (1) along the vertical direction;
the transverse loading piece (52) is movably arranged in the axial direction of the shield tunnel model (2) and can be stopped by the loading end of the transverse loading piece (52) on the reverse beam (51).
9. The test device for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of transverse loading pieces (52) are provided, and loading ends of the plurality of transverse loading pieces (52) are respectively abutted against outer walls of the plurality of segment rings (21).
10. A test method for the stress reinforcement performance of a shield tunnel, which is based on the test device for the longitudinal prestress reinforcement performance of the shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sequentially abutting a plurality of pipe sheet rings (21) to form a shield tunnel model (2), installing a plurality of longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms (4) in the pipe sheet rings (21) according to a test working condition, arranging a detection piece (3) between two adjacent pipe sheet rings (21), and connecting the detection piece (3) with a control mechanism;
installing the shield tunnel model (2) on a supporting mechanism (1), and adjusting the transverse loading mechanism (5) to enable the loading end of the transverse loading mechanism to be arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel model (2) corresponding to the shield tunnel model (2);
according to the test working condition, the control mechanism controls the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms (4) to apply different longitudinal prestress to the shield tunnel model (2), controls the transverse loading mechanism (5) to apply different transverse loading force to the shield tunnel model (2) according to the test working condition, and observes and records the deflection change of the shield tunnel model (2) under different longitudinal prestress and transverse loading force;
and controlling the longitudinal prestress applied to the shield tunnel model (2) by the longitudinal prestress reinforcing mechanisms (4) to be zero and controlling the transverse loading force applied to the shield tunnel model (2) by the transverse loading mechanism (5) to be zero through the control mechanism, deriving the deflection change of the shield tunnel model (2) under different longitudinal prestress and transverse loading forces, and comparing the deflection change with a numerical simulation result.
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