CN113916175B - Rocket engine nozzle inner and outer wall gap measuring method - Google Patents
Rocket engine nozzle inner and outer wall gap measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113916175B CN113916175B CN202110992091.1A CN202110992091A CN113916175B CN 113916175 B CN113916175 B CN 113916175B CN 202110992091 A CN202110992091 A CN 202110992091A CN 113916175 B CN113916175 B CN 113916175B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/16—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring distance of clearance between spaced objects
Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall of a rocket engine nozzle, which comprises the following steps: establishing a functional relation between the spot welding surface topography characteristic parameters and the inner and outer wall gaps; spot welding is carried out on the outer wall of the spray pipe, the outer wall of the spray pipe is welded through, and the bottom of a molten pool falls on the rib top of the inner wall of the spray pipe; measuring the surface appearance characteristic parameters of the spot welding; and inversely calculating the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall according to the functional relation between the spot welding surface topography characteristic parameters and the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall. The measuring method achieves the purpose of measuring the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall on the premise of not disassembling the spray pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of liquid rockets, in particular to a method for measuring the gap between the inner wall and the outer wall of a rocket engine nozzle.
Background
The jet pipe of the liquid rocket engine consists of an inner wall and an outer wall, wherein the inner wall is provided with a channel, and a sandwich structure consisting of the inner wall and the outer wall is used for circulating high-pressure liquid propellant to cool the jet pipe. Usually, the most important process in the production process is to connect the inner wall and the outer wall with the groove, but when the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle are assembled together, the gap at both ends can be measured only by the gap piece, and the gap at the middle position is difficult to determine. The current ultrasonic detection method cannot detect the gap. Meanwhile, because a solid tool is usually arranged in the inner wall, the gap cannot be inversely calculated by measuring the thickness by using a clamp ruler.
Therefore, it is desirable to design a method for measuring the gap between the inner and outer walls of a rocket engine nozzle without disassembling the inner and outer walls of the nozzle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for measuring the gap between the inner wall and the outer wall of a rocket engine nozzle.
The invention provides a method for measuring the gap between the inner wall and the outer wall of a rocket engine nozzle, which comprises the following steps: establishing a functional relation between the spot welding surface topography characteristic parameters and the inner and outer wall gaps; spot welding is carried out on the outer wall of the spray pipe, the outer wall of the spray pipe is welded through, and the bottom of the molten pool falls on the rib top of the inner wall of the spray pipe; measuring the surface appearance characteristic parameters of the spot welding; and inversely calculating the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall according to the functional relation between the spot welding surface topography characteristic parameters and the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the spot welding on the outer wall of the nozzle comprises the following steps: and setting spot welding parameters.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the spot welding parameters comprise a spot welding power and a spot welding time.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said dotting power W ═ B × 100+300)/t × 50; wherein B is the wall thickness of the outer wall, and t is the dotting time.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the setting of the spot welding parameters comprises: selecting a test wallboard which has the same material and thickness as the outer wall; spot welding is carried out on the test wallboard; recording the spot welding parameters when the spot welding penetration is 1 to 1.5 times of the thickness of the tested wallboard; and setting the recorded spot welding parameters as the parameters for performing spot welding on the outer wall.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the recorded spot welding parameters when the spot welding penetration is 1.3 times the thickness of the tested panel are set as the parameters for performing spot welding on the outer wall.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the setting of the spot welding parameters comprises: and measuring the wall thickness of the outer wall.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the spot welding surface topography parameters comprise: dotting recess depth and dotting recess diameter.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the inner and outer wall gaps are
F ═ k ═ h + (0.5 ^ d) ^ 0.5); wherein k is a revision coefficient, h is a dotting recess depth, and d is a dotting recess diameter.
According to one embodiment of the invention, 4-6 longitudinal positions are selected on the outer wall of the nozzle in the circumferential direction, and 3-15 spot welding points are arranged on each longitudinal position.
According to the method for measuring the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall of the rocket engine spray pipe, spot welding is carried out on the outer wall of the spray pipe, the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall is calculated reversely by establishing the functional relation between the characteristic parameters of the spot welding surface morphology and the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall, and the problem of how to measure the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall under the condition that the inner wall and the outer wall are not disassembled is solved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIGS. 1-3 are flow charts of rocket motor nozzle inner and outer wall clearance measurement methods according to embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rocket engine nozzle outer wall dotted line according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 4.
Description of reference numerals:
1-the outer wall of the spray pipe; 2-inner and outer wall gaps; 3-a laser beam; 4-point position; 5-dotting the diameter of the recess; 6-inner wall of the spray pipe; 7-dotting the depth of the depression.
Detailed Description
Features of various aspects and exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, for the purposes of illustrating the principles of the invention. Additionally, the components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements or regions in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements or regions to help improve understanding of embodiments of the present invention.
The directional terms used in the following description are used in the illustrated directions, and do not limit the specific configurations of the embodiments of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having" or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure or assembly that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such structure or assembly. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the article or device comprising the element.
Spatially relative terms such as "below," "… below," "lower," "above," "… above," "upper," and the like are used for convenience in describing the positioning of one element relative to a second element and are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to different orientations than those illustrated in the figures. In addition, for example, the phrase "one element is over/under another element" may mean that the two elements are in direct contact, and may also mean that there are other elements between the two elements. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", and the like are also used to describe various elements, regions, sections, etc. and should not be taken as limiting. Like terms refer to like elements throughout the description.
In describing the present invention below, it is possible to use only "rockets", "launch vehicles" or "missiles" in a scenario description, which is for convenience of description only and the meaning is not limited to the specific words used. In general, the rockets of the invention may include launch vehicles, missiles, space vehicles and similar products capable of launching payloads into the air. Those skilled in the art, in interpreting the above specific terms, should not be construed as limiting the vehicle to only one of a launch vehicle or a missile, depending on the specific terms used in describing the scenario, thereby narrowing the scope of the present invention.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.
FIGS. 1-3 are flow charts of rocket motor nozzle inner and outer wall clearance measurement methods according to embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an outer wall of a rocket motor nozzle of an embodiment of the present invention dotted; fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 4.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a method for measuring the gap between the inner wall and the outer wall of a rocket engine nozzle, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, establishing a functional relation between the spot welding surface topography characteristic parameters and the inner and outer wall gaps;
s200, spot welding is carried out on the outer wall of the spray pipe, the outer wall of the spray pipe is welded through, and the bottom of a molten pool falls on the top of a rib of the inner wall of the spray pipe;
s300, measuring the surface topography characteristic parameters of the spot welding;
s400, inversely calculating the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall according to the functional relation between the spot welding surface topography characteristic parameters and the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall.
Specifically, the jet pipe of the liquid rocket engine is composed of an inner wall and an outer wall, a channel is processed on the inner wall, and a high-pressure liquid propellant is flowed to cool the jet pipe through a sandwich structure composed of the inner wall and the outer wall. Usually, the most important process in the production process is to connect the inner wall and the outer wall with the grooves, but when the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle are assembled together, the gap at the two ends can be measured only by the gap sheet, and the gap at the middle position is difficult to determine.
The fit clearance of the inner wall and the outer wall is related to the optimal welding parameters, and the welding penetration defect is easily generated when welding is carried out on the position with an overlarge clearance, so that the product welding failure is caused. Therefore, the fit clearance needs to be measured after the inner wall and the outer wall are assembled, and the welding sequence is optimized at the place with large welding clearance, so that the occurrence of welding penetration is avoided. Especially at the inner part remote from the end surface of the outer wall, where the gap directly affects the welding position, the welding sequence and the welding quality. For example, when the assembly clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle is within 0-1mm, better welding quality can be obtained when the clearance is less than 0.4mm, and defects such as welding penetration, welding leakage and the like are easy to occur when the clearance exceeds 0.5 mm. Therefore, it is necessary to perform welding after optimizing the welding parameters for the position where the gap is larger than 0.5 mm. Meanwhile, the welding gap is preferably smaller than 0.5mm, and can be gradually improved and reduced through welding shrinkage. It is therefore necessary to measure the clearance between the inner and outer walls when welding or repair welding a weld between two panels so as to obtain an optimum welding position.
Because the inner molded surface of the inner wall is filled with the tool, the clearance at each position of the inner wall and the outer wall can be accurately measured without disassembling the inner wall and the outer wall after the spray pipe is assembled. The current ultrasonic detection method cannot detect the gap. Meanwhile, because a solid tool is usually arranged in the inner wall, the thickness cannot be measured by using a clamp ruler to perform back calculation.
In this embodiment, the inner and outer wall gaps are back-calculated according to the measured spot welding surface topography characteristic parameters by establishing a functional relationship between the spot welding surface topography characteristic parameters and the inner and outer wall gaps. The purpose of accurately measuring the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall under the conditions that the inner wall and the outer wall are not disassembled and the product is not required to be repositioned is achieved. Meanwhile, the connection of the inner wall and the outer wall can be reinforced through spot welding.
The measuring method provided by the embodiment has no size limitation on the spray pipe, can realize the gap measurement of large-sized wall plates, and has the advantages of large effective working space, low cost and high efficiency.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, before the spot welding on the outer wall of the nozzle, the method includes:
s201, setting spot welding parameters.
Specifically, by setting appropriate spot welding parameters to spot weld on the outer wall of the nozzle, penetration of the outer wall and dropping of the bottom of the molten pool on the top of the inner wall rib can be ensured.
In this embodiment, the spot welding parameters include a spot welding power and a spot welding time. Specifically, appropriate dotting power and dotting time are set, and the outer wall is subjected to spot welding according to the dotting power, wherein the spot welding dotting time meets the preset dotting time, so that the outer wall is ensured to be welded through, and the bottom of the molten pool falls to the top of the inner wall rib.
Further, the dotting power is: w ═ B × 100+300)/t × 50; wherein B is the wall thickness of the outer wall, and t is the dotting time. Specifically, the dotting time interval is 20ms-200ms, a dotting time is selected in the interval (for example, 100ms is selected for a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 1 mm), and the dotting power is calculated according to the functional relation between the dotting power and the dotting time. The dotting time and the calculated dotting power are proper dotting time and proper dotting power, and the outer wall is subjected to spot welding dotting according to the spot welding dotting parameters, so that the outer wall can be ensured to be welded through, and the bottom of the molten pool falls onto the top of the rib of the inner wall.
As shown in fig. 3, according to an embodiment of the present invention, setting the spot welding parameters includes:
s2011, selecting a test wallboard with the same material and thickness as the outer wall;
s2012, spot welding is carried out on the test wallboard;
s2013, recording spot welding parameters when the spot welding penetration is 1-1.5 times of the thickness of the tested wallboard;
and S2014, setting the recorded spot welding parameters as parameters for performing spot welding on the outer wall.
Specifically, a spot welding dotting test is carried out on a test wallboard which is the same as the outer wall in material and thickness, a spot welding dotting parameter when the spot welding penetration is 1-1.5 times of the thickness of the test wallboard is recorded, the parameter is set as a parameter for carrying out spot welding dotting on the outer wall, and the spot welding dotting is carried out on the outer wall. Because the test wall plate which is the same as the outer wall in material and thickness is selected, the effect of spot welding on the outer wall can be truly reflected. The spot welding point parameter when the spot welding penetration is 1 to 1.5 times of the thickness of the tested wall plate is taken as the outer wall spot welding point parameter, so that the outer wall can be ensured to be welded through and the bottom of the molten pool can fall onto the top of the inner wall rib.
For example, spot welding is performed on a test panel, and a spot welding parameter when the spot welding penetration is 1.3 times the thickness of the test panel is recorded, and the recorded spot welding parameter is used as an outer wall spot welding parameter.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the setting of the spot welding parameters comprises: and measuring the wall thickness of the outer wall.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the spot welding surface topography parameters include: dotting recess depth and dotting recess diameter.
In this embodiment, the inner and outer wall gaps are F ═ k ═ (0.6 ═ h + (0.5 × d) ^ 0.5); wherein k is a revision coefficient, h is a dotting recess depth, and d is a dotting recess diameter.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, taking laser spot welding as an example, spot welding is performed on the outer wall 1 of the nozzle by using a laser beam 3, the outer wall 1 of the nozzle is welded through and the bottom of the molten pool is made to fall on the top of the rib of the inner wall 6 of the nozzle, and the topographical feature parameters of the spot welding surface, namely the depth 7 and the diameter 5 of the depression of the spot welding are measured. When the outer wall is made of stainless steel, k is 1; when the material of the outer wall is titanium alloy, k is 0.8. And inversely calculating the inner and outer wall gaps 2 according to the functional relation between the dotting depression depth 7, the dotting depression diameter 5 and the inner and outer wall gaps 2. The inner and outer wall gaps of the spot welding point position are measured by the formula, and the precision error range is less than 0.1 mm.
The above embodiments are exemplified by laser spot welding, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Arc welding, electronic welding, and the like can also be selected. In addition, the stainless steel and titanium alloy mentioned in the above embodiments are only used for illustration and are not used to limit the invention. The method is also suitable for measuring the inner wall and the outer wall of the aluminum alloy material.
As shown in fig. 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, 4-6 longitudinal positions are selected on the outer wall 1 of the nozzle in the circumferential direction, and 3-15 points 4 are arranged at each longitudinal position for spot welding. And selecting a plurality of point positions for spot welding, and evaluating the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall near the point positions so as to evaluate the condition of the assembly clearance between the integral inner wall and the integral outer wall.
The above-described embodiments of the invention can be combined with each other and have corresponding technical effects.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for measuring the gap between the inner wall and the outer wall of a rocket engine nozzle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a functional relation between the spot welding surface topography characteristic parameters and the inner and outer wall gaps;
spot welding is carried out on the outer wall of the spray pipe, the outer wall of the spray pipe is welded through, and the bottom of the molten pool falls on the rib top of the inner wall of the spray pipe;
measuring the surface topography characteristic parameters of the spot welding; inversely calculating the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall according to the functional relation between the characteristic parameters of the spot welding surface appearance and the clearance between the inner wall and the outer wall;
the spot welding surface topography characteristic parameters comprise: dotting recess depth and dotting recess diameter;
the inner wall and the outer wall have a clearance F ═ k ^ (0.6 ^ h + (0.5 ^ d) ^ 0.5);
wherein k is a revision coefficient, h is a dotting recess depth, and d is a dotting recess diameter.
2. The measuring method of claim 1, wherein the spot welding on the outer wall of the nozzle comprises: and setting spot welding parameters.
3. The measurement method according to claim 2, wherein the spot welding parameters include spot power and spot time.
4. The measurement method according to claim 3, wherein the dotting power is W ═ 100+300)/t × 50;
wherein B is the wall thickness of the outer wall, and t is the dotting time.
5. The measurement method according to claim 2, wherein the setting of the spot welding parameters comprises:
selecting a test wallboard which has the same material and thickness as the outer wall;
spot welding is carried out on the test wallboard;
recording spot welding parameters when the spot welding penetration is 1 to 1.5 times of the thickness of the tested wallboard;
and setting the recorded spot welding parameters as the parameters for performing spot welding on the outer wall.
6. The measuring method according to claim 5, wherein the recorded spot welding parameters for a spot welding penetration of 1.3 times the thickness of the test panel are set as parameters for spot welding the outer wall.
7. The measuring method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the setting of the spot welding parameters comprises: and measuring the wall thickness of the outer wall.
8. The measuring method according to claim 1, wherein 4-6 longitudinal positions are selected on the outer wall of the nozzle in the circumferential direction, and 3-15 spot welding points are arranged at each longitudinal position.
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| CN103506756A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-15 | 上海交通大学 | Laser lap welding gap detecting system and laser lap welding gap detecting method based on molten pool image visual sensing |
| CN104014905A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-09-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Observation device and method of three-dimensional shape of molten pool in GTAW welding process |
| CN108326425A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-27 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of focal plane rotary laser spot-welded method |
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2021
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2175258A5 (en) * | 1972-03-06 | 1973-10-19 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Detecting faults in weld beads - by measuring heat flux at three points on the weld |
| JPS6221009A (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-01-29 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Root gap measurement for single-side welding |
| JPH0292457A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1990-04-03 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Root gap detecting method for automatic welding equipment |
| JPH05329644A (en) * | 1992-05-27 | 1993-12-14 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Root gap detecting method by arc welding robot |
| CN102643952A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-22 | 东北大学 | Method for obtaining slot length and width of bottom powder injection element of ladle |
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