CN113916106A

CN113916106A - Device and method for accurately detecting parallelism and verticality of end base planes of multiple groups of holes

Info

Publication number: CN113916106A
Application number: CN202111248806.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵琴; 叶剑; 吴远; 孙涛; 龙艳; 李勇
Original assignee: Cintec Heavy Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Cintec Heavy Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-26
Filing date: 2021-10-26
Publication date: 2022-01-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for accurately detecting parallelism and verticality of end base surfaces of a plurality of groups of holes, wherein the device comprises a fixed seat, a core rod is rotatably connected on the fixed seat, and a plurality of dial indicators are movably connected on the core rod; during detection, a core rod which is well matched with the workpiece to be detected is inserted into the shaft hole of the workpiece to be detected, the core rod and the hole can not have a measurable gap while the core rod can rotate freely, a dial indicator head connected to the core rod is in contact with the end base surface of the hole, and the core rod is rotated at a constant speed, so that the parallelism and the verticality of the end base surface of the hole can be detected. This application simple structure, the cost is little, realizes easily that during the detection, plug and hole are in the laminating state all the time, can the point defect of automatic filtration pore face manufacturing, avoid because of the misjudgement that "three-coordinate" probe contact surface is little and cause, the suitability is strong, the accuracy is high, the result is reliable.

Description

Device and method for accurately detecting parallelism and verticality of end base planes of multiple groups of holes

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device and a method for accurately detecting parallelism and perpendicularity of end base surfaces of multiple groups of holes, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical part detection.

Background

At present, in the conventional detection of the straight-through multi-hole and multi-layer end face with high requirements and the angle between the hole and a part installation reference belt, three-coordinate measurement is basically adopted or a yaw instrument is used for detection. The method has the advantages of accurate detection result; however, the following disadvantages also exist:

(1) the three-coordinate system has the advantages of great capital investment, professional training requirement of operators, strict requirement on the use environment, due supporting guarantee facilities, high maintenance cost and low cost-effectiveness ratio to conventional micro enterprises, and is necessary to ensure;

(2) the three-coordinate system belongs to a high-precision detecting instrument, the outsourcing inspection and detection cost is high, the system is basically only used for carrying out sampling inspection on parts, the detection period is long, all parts cannot be inspected in time and are influenced by the work arrangement of a detection unit, and the comprehensiveness and the timeliness are not enough.

(3) The three-coordinate system is limited by the probe and can not carry out internal detection on small holes and deep holes; the 'deflection instrument' is limited by size, shape and size, and has limited applicability.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides an apparatus and a method for accurately detecting parallelism and verticality of a plurality of groups of hole end base planes, which can overcome the defects of the prior art.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an accurate device that detects multiunit hole end base face depth of parallelism and straightness that hangs down, includes the fixing base, rotates on the fixing base and is connected with the plug, a plurality of percentage tables of swing joint on the plug.

The upper surface of the fixing seat is provided with an arc-shaped groove, steel balls are arranged in the arc-shaped groove, and a central hole matched with the steel balls is formed in the axis of one end of the core rod, so that the core rod is rotatably connected with the fixing seat through the steel balls.

The dial indicator is magnetically and fixedly connected on the core rod through a magnetic indicator frame.

The magnetic force meter frame comprises a magnetic force block, a cross rod is connected to the magnetic force block through a first fine adjustment mechanism, and the dial indicator is perpendicular to the cross rod and is connected with the cross rod in a sliding mode through a second fine adjustment mechanism.

The magnetic attraction surface of the magnetic block is provided with an arc-shaped notch matched with the core rod, so that the magnetic block is in contact with the surface of the core rod through the arc-shaped notch.

The roughness of the surface of the core rod is not lower than Ra1.6; the hardness is not lower than 40 HRC;

the roughness of the inner surface of the arc-shaped groove on the fixed seat and the outer surface of the steel ball is not lower than Ra1.6; and the hardness of the two is not lower than 45 HRC.

A method for accurately detecting parallelism and verticality of end faces of multiple groups of holes is characterized in that the parallelism and verticality of the end faces of the holes are detected by taking a shaft hole of a workpiece to be detected as a reference, and rotating a dial indicator with a gauge head in contact with the end faces of the holes around the reference shaft hole.

Inserting a core rod which is well matched with the workpiece to be measured into the shaft hole of the workpiece to be measured, ensuring that the core rod can freely rotate and simultaneously cannot have a measurable gap, contacting a hole end base surface by a dial indicator head connected on the core rod, rotating the core rod for a circle at a constant speed, and directly reading by the dial indicator to obtain the verticality of the outlet hole and the end surface; and detecting the upper end surface and the lower end surface or the plurality of end surfaces of the workpiece to be detected through the dial indicator according to the operation, respectively reading numerical values, and obtaining the parallelism of the two end surfaces or the plurality of end surfaces through reading difference.

During measurement, a workpiece to be measured is placed in an inclined mode, the core rod penetrates through a shaft hole of the workpiece to be measured, the bottom center hole is naturally placed on the steel ball, the steel ball is bound by the hole inclination angle of the center hole, the core rod rotates at a high speed, the phenomenon of vertical movement is avoided, and accurate detection is achieved.

During measurement, the end face is measured from inside to outside for multiple times, and the maximum value is taken as a measured value.

Compared with the prior art, the device and the method for accurately detecting the parallelism and the perpendicularity of the end base surfaces of the multiple groups of holes disclosed by the invention comprise a fixed seat, wherein a core rod is rotatably connected on the fixed seat, and a plurality of dial indicators are movably connected on the core rod; during detection, a core rod which is well matched with the workpiece to be detected is inserted into the shaft hole of the workpiece to be detected, the core rod and the hole can not have a measurable gap while the core rod can freely rotate, a dial indicator head connected to the core rod is in contact with a hole end base surface, the core rod rotates for a circle at a constant speed, and the dial indicator directly reads to obtain the verticality of the outlet hole and the end surface; and detecting the upper end surface and the lower end surface or the plurality of end surfaces of the workpiece to be detected through the dial indicator according to the operation, respectively reading numerical values, and obtaining the parallelism of the two end surfaces or the plurality of end surfaces through reading difference. The method and the device use the finish machining hole of the workpiece to be detected as a reference, so that the reference hole and the core rod are always in a good matching state, the hole end base surface is processed at 90 degrees relative to the reference hole, the detection condition can be reflected when the end surface rotates along with the core rod, and the method and the device are high in applicability, high in accuracy and reliable in result.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the implementation is easy;

(2) during detection, the core rod and the hole are always in a fit state, so that point defects generated by processing and manufacturing the hole surface can be automatically filtered, and misjudgment caused by small contact surface of the three-coordinate probe is avoided;

(3) the detection is convenient and fast, the adjustment is simple, the requirement on operators is low, and the applicability is wide;

(4) the full-coverage of hole end face part detection can be carried out, no dead angle is left, the detection precision is high, the use risk is reduced, and the process data control is enhanced.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.

Drawings

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged structural diagram of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged structural diagram of part B in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first fine adjustment mechanism on a magnetic force meter stand.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second fine adjustment mechanism on the magnetic force meter stand.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are illustrative of the invention only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention.

As shown in figures 1-5 of the drawings,

the invention discloses a device for accurately detecting parallelism and verticality of end base surfaces of a plurality of groups of holes, which comprises a fixed seat 1, wherein a core rod 2 is rotatably connected on the fixed seat 1, and a plurality of dial indicators 3 are movably connected on the core rod 2.

The upper surface of the fixed seat 1 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 101, a steel ball 4 is arranged in the arc-shaped groove 101, and a central hole 201 matched with the steel ball 4 is arranged at the axis of one end of the core rod 2, so that the core rod 2 is rotatably connected with the fixed seat 1 through the steel ball 4.

The dial indicator 3 is magnetically attracted and fixedly connected on the core rod 2 through a magnetic indicator frame 5.

The magnetometer stand 5 comprises a magnetometer block 501, a cross bar 503 is connected to the magnetometer block 501 through a first fine adjustment mechanism 502, and the dial indicator 3 is perpendicular to the cross bar 503 and is connected with the cross bar 503 in a sliding mode through a second fine adjustment mechanism 504.

The first fine adjustment mechanism 502 is a screw mechanism. Specifically, screw rod mechanism is equipped with the screw rod including seting up the vertical spout on magnetic block in the spout, is equipped with the slider in the spout, and slider and screw rod spiro union, the horizontal pole links firmly with the slider, rotates the screw rod, makes the slider remove along the spout, and then drives horizontal pole 503 motion and realize vertical fine setting.

The second fine adjustment mechanism 504 is a screw tightening mechanism. The screw tightening mechanism comprises a clamping sleeve clamped on the cross rod 503, the bottom of the clamping sleeve is fixedly connected with the dial indicator 3, the top of the clamping sleeve is provided with a screw hole, and a tightening screw with the top end abutting against the cross rod 503 is arranged in the screw hole.

The magnetic attraction surface of the magnetic block 501 is provided with an arc-shaped notch 5011 matched with the core rod 2, so that the magnetic block 501 is in surface contact with the core rod 2 through the arc-shaped notch 5011, and the magnetic attraction firmness is good.

According to the measuring surface of the workpiece 6 to be measured, the dial indicators 3 are arranged in two or more than two blocks.

The core rod 2 is arranged in various specifications according to the shaft hole of the workpiece 6 to be measured.

The roughness of the surface of the core rod 2 is not lower than Ra1.6; the hardness is not lower than 40 HRC.

The roughness of the inner surface of the arc-shaped groove 101 of the fixed seat and the outer surface of the steel ball 4 is not lower than Ra1.6, and the hardness of the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel ball is not lower than 45 HRC.

The method for accurately detecting the parallelism and the perpendicularity of the end base surfaces of the multiple groups of holes based on the device takes the shaft hole of the workpiece 6 to be detected as a reference, and the dial indicator 3 with the gauge head contacted on the end base surfaces of the holes rotates around the reference shaft hole to detect the parallelism and the perpendicularity of the end surfaces of the holes.

Specifically, a core rod 2 which is well matched with a workpiece 6 to be measured is inserted into an axle hole of the workpiece, the core rod 2 and the hole can not have a measurable gap while the core rod 2 can freely rotate, a dial indicator 3 connected to the core rod 2 contacts a hole end base surface, the core rod 2 rotates for a circle at a constant speed, and the dial indicator 3 directly reads to obtain the verticality of a hole and an end surface; according to the operation, the upper end surface and the lower end surface or the end surfaces of the workpiece 6 to be detected are detected through the dial indicator 3, the numerical values are respectively read, and the parallelism of the two end surfaces or the multiple end surfaces is obtained through the reading difference.

And simultaneously installing corresponding dial indicators 3 on each end face of the workpiece 6 to be measured, driving each dial indicator 3 to rotate around the shaft hole of the workpiece 6 to be measured at a constant speed through the mandrel 2, and directly reading the number difference to obtain the parallelism of two end faces or multiple end faces.

During measurement, a workpiece 6 to be measured is obliquely placed, the core rod 2 penetrates through a shaft hole of the workpiece 6 to be measured, a bottom center hole is naturally arranged on the steel ball 4, the steel ball 4 is bound by utilizing a hole inclination angle of the center hole, the core rod 2 rotates at a high speed, the phenomenon of vertical movement is avoided, and the detection accuracy is ensured.

The inclination angle of the workpiece 6 to be measured is 10-20 degrees.

And a lubricating film layer is coated on the surface of the core rod 2 or in the shaft hole of the workpiece 6 to be detected, so that the good matching of the core rod and the workpiece can be further ensured, and the detection precision is ensured.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an accurate device that detects multiunit hole end base face depth of parallelism and straightness that hangs down which characterized in that: the device comprises a fixed seat (1), wherein a core rod (2) is rotatably connected to the fixed seat (1), and a plurality of dial indicators (3) are movably connected to the core rod (2).

2. The apparatus for accurately detecting parallelism and perpendicularity of multiple sets of hole end surfaces according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the fixing seat (1) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (101), a steel ball (4) is arranged in the arc-shaped groove (101), a center hole (201) matched with the steel ball (4) is formed in the axis of one end of the core rod (2), and the core rod (2) is rotatably connected with the fixing seat (1) through the steel ball (4).

3. The apparatus for accurately detecting parallelism and perpendicularity of multiple sets of hole end surfaces according to claim 2, wherein: the dial indicator (3) is magnetically attracted and fixedly connected on the core rod (2) through a magnetic indicator frame (5).

4. The apparatus for accurately detecting parallelism and perpendicularity of multiple sets of hole end surfaces as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the magnetic meter frame (5) comprises a magnetic block (501), a cross rod (503) is connected to the magnetic block (501) through a first fine adjustment mechanism (502), and the dial indicator (3) is perpendicular to the cross rod (503) and is in sliding connection with the cross rod (503) through a second fine adjustment mechanism (504).

5. The apparatus for accurately detecting parallelism and perpendicularity of multiple sets of hole end surfaces as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the magnetic attraction surface of the magnetic block (501) is provided with an arc-shaped notch (5011) matched with the core rod (2), so that the magnetic block (501) is in surface contact with the core rod (2) through the arc-shaped notch (5011).

6. The apparatus for accurately detecting parallelism and perpendicularity of a plurality of sets of hole end bases according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein: the roughness of the surface of the core rod (2) is not lower than Ra1.6; the hardness is not lower than 40 HRC;

the roughness of the inner surface of the arc-shaped groove (101) on the fixed seat and the roughness of the outer surface of the steel ball (4) are not lower than Ra1.6; and the hardness of the two is not lower than 45 HRC.

7. A method for accurately detecting parallelism and verticality of end base planes of a plurality of groups of holes is characterized in that: the dial indicator (3) which is in contact with the base surface of the hole end is rotated around the reference shaft hole by taking the shaft hole of the workpiece (6) to be detected as a reference, so that the parallelism and the verticality of the end surface of the hole are detected.

8. The method for accurately detecting parallelism and perpendicularity of multiple sets of hole end surfaces as claimed in claim 7, wherein: inserting a core rod (2) which is well matched with the workpiece to be measured into a shaft hole of the workpiece to be measured (6), ensuring that the core rod (2) can rotate freely and a measurable gap cannot exist between the core rod (2) and the hole, enabling a dial indicator (3) connected to the core rod (2) to be in contact with a hole end base surface, enabling the core rod (2) to rotate for a circle at a constant speed, and directly reading by the dial indicator (3) to obtain the verticality of a hole and an end surface; according to the operation, the upper end face and the lower end face or the end faces of the workpiece (6) to be detected are detected through the dial indicator (3), numerical values are respectively read, and the parallelism of the two end faces or the multiple end faces is obtained through the reading difference.

9. The method for accurately detecting parallelism and perpendicularity of multiple sets of hole end surfaces as claimed in claim 8, wherein: during measurement, a workpiece (6) to be measured is placed in an inclined mode, the core rod (2) penetrates through a shaft hole of the workpiece (6) to be measured, a bottom center hole is naturally arranged on the steel ball (4), the steel ball (4) is bound by a hole inclination angle of the center hole, the core rod (2) rotates at a high speed, the phenomenon of vertical movement is avoided, and accurate detection is achieved.

10. The method for accurately detecting the parallelism and perpendicularity of the end surfaces of a plurality of groups of holes according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein: during measurement, the end face is measured from inside to outside for multiple times, and the maximum value is taken as a measured value.