CN113916089A - Micro crack observation device and crack analysis and evasion method - Google Patents
Micro crack observation device and crack analysis and evasion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113916089A CN113916089A CN202110962950.2A CN202110962950A CN113916089A CN 113916089 A CN113916089 A CN 113916089A CN 202110962950 A CN202110962950 A CN 202110962950A CN 113916089 A CN113916089 A CN 113916089A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
Abstract
The application provides a tiny crack observation device and a crack analysis and evasion method, wherein the tiny crack observation device comprises: the fixing assemblies can be arranged on two sides of a crack on the building wall; a measuring scale which is arranged on the fixing component, can slide on the fixing component and is used for measuring cracks; and the horizontal rod is arranged on the fixing component and used for detecting the level of the measuring scale. The crack analysis and evasion method is characterized in that the micro crack observation device is arranged at the crack of the concrete wall, and the possible reason of crack generation is judged and corresponding measures are taken according to the observed data, so that the crack generation in later construction is avoided, and reliable data basis is provided for improving the construction quality of the main structure concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a tiny crack observation device and a crack analysis and evasion method.
Background
In the building engineering, cracks are a common phenomenon, and not only affect the beauty and normal use of the whole building, but also cause the rigidity and strength of the building structure, and even cause engineering accidents.
The cause of the crack is various, and how to avoid the crack is an important requirement in the industry. However, in the prior art, a crack analysis and a targeted evasive method are lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a micro crack observation device and a crack analysis and evasion method, so as to solve or overcome at least one technical problem in the prior art.
In a first aspect, there is provided a micro crack observation device including:
the fixing assemblies can be arranged on two sides of a crack on the building wall;
a measuring scale provided on the fixing member, slidable on the fixing member, and for measuring a crack;
and the horizontal rod is arranged on the fixing component and used for detecting the level of the measuring scale.
Further, the fixing assembly includes:
the first fixing seat is used for fixing the first end of the measuring scale;
the second fixing seat is used for limiting the measuring scale in a sliding manner;
the balance bar comprises a first fixing seat, a second fixing seat, a plurality of hoops, a plurality of connecting rods and a plurality of balance bars, wherein the hoops are arranged on the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat respectively, the hoops are arranged in a pairwise corresponding mode, and the balance bars can be coaxially installed on the two hoops which are arranged correspondingly.
Further, first fixing base is fixed through an installed part the dipperstick, the installed part is a rectangular component, the installed part is through two at least fix with screws the dipperstick.
Further, the second fixing base is fixed through a vernier scale the dipperstick, the vernier scale is fixed through the screw on the second fixing base, be equipped with the clearance between vernier scale and the second fixing base.
Further, the balance bar comprises a horizontal bubble device for detecting levelness.
Further, the fixing component is bonded on the building wall body through double-faced adhesive tape.
In a second aspect, there is provided a crack analysis and evasion method using the above-mentioned micro crack observation device, including:
acquiring the length of a crack, and determining the number of micro crack observation devices to be installed;
fixing each micro crack observation device at the crack position on the wall body, and periodically measuring and recording the width of the crack at each position;
obtaining various types of cracks according to the development trend of the cracks, and analyzing the reasons for generating various cracks;
and step four, respectively taking corresponding evasive measures according to the generation reasons of various cracks.
Further, each type of the fracture includes: the upper narrow and lower wide vertically distributed cracks and the upper and lower same wide vertically distributed cracks.
Further, the cracks which are vertically distributed aiming at the narrow top and the wide bottom include the following reasons and evasive measures:
the first reason for this is that: applying load before the strength of the concrete reaches the age to cause the upper part of the wall body or the beam body to be pressed and the lower part to be pulled, wherein the tensile strength reaches the tensile limit value, and the concrete at the lower part starts to generate cracks and gradually extends to the upper part;
the evasive measures for the first reason are as follows: before the age of the concrete is short and the strength of the concrete does not reach the corresponding bearing capacity, the upper part of the concrete is prevented from carrying out stacking or construction activities;
the second reason for this is that: the reinforced concrete wall or the beam body is influenced by the bottom reinforcement ratio, the concrete bears tensile stress before reinforcing steel bars, concrete cracks are generated at the bottom of the wall or the beam body, and the cracks extend from the bottom to the top;
the evasive measures for the second reason are: checking the mutual cooperation relationship between the reinforcement ratio and the concrete strength in the reinforced concrete member, and matching the reinforcement ratio with the concrete with corresponding strength so as to enable the reinforcement and the concrete to bear force together.
Further, the cracks which are vertically distributed for the same upper and lower widths include the following reasons and evasive measures:
the A reason is generated as: the reinforced concrete generates stress release under the action of self stress, so that the concrete generates cracks at weak parts;
the evasive measures for the A reason are as follows: adopting a skip method to carry out concrete pouring construction, or reserving a post-pouring belt to relieve the generation of cracks;
the reasons for B are: in mass concrete construction or high-strength concrete construction, the hydration heat of concrete is high, so that cracks from inside to outside are generated in a concrete member;
the evasive measures for the B reason are as follows: temperature measuring pipes are buried in the construction process, cooling pipes are arranged according to requirements, and corresponding maintenance work is timely performed after concrete pouring is completed.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
the micro crack observation device and the crack analysis and avoidance method provided by the application can well observe and record the development cycle and the development law of the crack through the micro crack observation device. And through the observed data, the possible reason for crack generation is judged and corresponding measures are taken, so that the crack generation in later construction is avoided, and reliable data basis is provided for improving the construction quality of the main structure concrete.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a micro crack observation device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a micro crack observation device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a crack analysis evasion method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises a first fixing seat, a second fixing seat, a balance rod, a hoop, a mounting piece, a bolt, a horizontal bubble device, a vernier scale, a balance rod, a balance bar, a horizontal bubble device, a vernier scale and a double-sided adhesive tape, wherein the balance bar is 1-the first fixing seat, the balance bar is 2-the second fixing seat, the hoop is 4-the mounting piece, the bolt is 6-the horizontal bubble device, the vernier scale is 8-the vernier scale, the balance bar is 9-the balance bar, and the double-sided adhesive tape is 10-the double-sided adhesive tape.
Detailed Description
Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like elements in the various figures are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
In a first aspect, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present application provides a micro crack observation device including: the fixing assemblies can be arranged on two sides of a crack on the building wall; a measuring scale 9, which is arranged on the fixing component and can slide on the fixing component, and is used for measuring cracks; a flat cross bar arranged on the fixing component for detecting the level of the measuring scale 9.
In this embodiment, through fixed subassembly, make dipperstick 9 install on concrete wall, detect the level of dipperstick 9 through balancing pole 3, can observe cracked width through dipperstick 9, when the crack changes, fixed subassembly can move along with concrete wall to make its relative position with dipperstick 9 change, and then realize the observation to the crack through dipperstick 9.
In this embodiment, the fixing assembly includes: the first fixing seat 1 is used for fixing a first end of the measuring scale 9; a second fixed seat 2 for slidably limiting the measuring scale 9; the plurality of hoops 4 are arranged on the first fixing seat 1 and the second fixing seat 2, each hoop 4 is arranged in a pairwise corresponding mode, and the balance rod 3 can be coaxially installed on the two hoops 4 which are arranged correspondingly.
Through fixing first fixing base 1 and second fixing base 2 respectively in fissured both sides, each clamp 4 sets up respectively on the upper and lower both sides face of each fixing base to installation balancing pole 3 that can be horizontally, and balancing pole 3 can slide in each clamp 4 of both sides fixing base.
First fixing base 1 is fixed through an installed part 5 dipperstick 9, installed part 5 is a rectangular member, installed part 5 is fixed through two at least screws 6 dipperstick 9. Second fixing base 2 is fixed through a vernier scale 8 dipperstick 9, vernier scale 8 is fixed through screw 6 on the second fixing base 2, vernier scale 8 with be equipped with the clearance between the second fixing base 2. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the vernier 8 has a variety of indices and is removable from the second holder 2 to facilitate accurate measurement of small cracks.
In this embodiment, the balance bar 3 includes a horizontal bubble device 7 for detect the levelness, through connecting balance bar 3 on two fixing bases, then through adjusting horizontal bubble between two parties, thereby make two fixing bases be the level setting, guarantee promptly that the dipperstick 9 is the level setting.
The fixing component is bonded on the building wall body through the double-sided adhesive tape 10, and the double-sided adhesive tape 10 is convenient to remove, low in cost and simple and convenient.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present application provides a crack analysis and evasion method, applying the above-mentioned micro crack observation device, including: acquiring the length of a crack, and determining the number of micro crack observation devices to be installed; one minute crack observation device may be installed at every 500mm interval in the crack length direction. Fixing each micro crack observation device at the crack position on the wall body, and periodically measuring and recording the width of the crack at each position;
the horizontal bubble is centered, then the two fixing devices are respectively arranged on two sides of the crack, the crack is located in an observation area (namely between the two fixing seats), and data of the crack are regularly observed. Obtaining various types of cracks according to the development trend of the cracks, and analyzing the reasons for generating various cracks; and step four, respectively taking corresponding evasive measures according to the generation reasons of various cracks.
In this embodiment, each type of the crack includes: the upper narrow and lower wide vertically distributed cracks and the upper and lower same wide vertically distributed cracks.
Specifically, the cracks which are vertically distributed and have narrow upper parts and wide lower parts comprise the following reasons and evasive measures:
the first reason for this is that: the load is applied before the strength of the concrete reaches the age, so that the upper part of the wall body or the beam body is pressed, the lower part is pulled, the tensile strength reaches the tensile limit value, and the concrete at the lower part starts to crack and gradually extends to the upper part. The evasive measures for the first reason are as follows: before the age of the concrete is short and the strength of the concrete does not reach the corresponding bearing capacity, the upper part of the concrete is prevented from being piled or constructed.
The second reason for this is that: the reinforced concrete wall or the beam body is influenced by the bottom reinforcement ratio, the concrete bears tensile stress before reinforcing steel bars, concrete cracks are generated at the bottom of the wall or the beam body, and the cracks extend from the bottom to the top. The evasive measures for the second reason are: checking the mutual cooperation relationship between the reinforcement ratio and the concrete strength in the reinforced concrete member, and matching the reinforcement ratio with the concrete with corresponding strength so as to enable the reinforcement and the concrete to bear force together.
Specifically, the cracks which are vertically distributed at the same width include the following reasons and evasive measures:
the A reason is generated as: the reinforced concrete generates stress release under the action of self stress, so that the concrete generates cracks at weak parts. The evasive measures for the A reason are as follows: and (3) adopting a skip method to carry out concrete pouring construction, or reserving a post-pouring belt to relieve the generation of cracks.
The reasons for B are: in a large amount of concrete construction or high-strength concrete construction, the hydration heat of concrete is high, so that cracks from inside to outside are generated in a concrete member. The evasive measures for the B reason are as follows: temperature measuring pipes are buried in the construction process, cooling pipes are arranged according to requirements, and corresponding maintenance work is timely performed after concrete pouring is completed.
The micro crack observation device and the crack analysis and avoidance method provided by the application can well observe and record the development cycle and the development law of the crack through the micro crack observation device. And through the observed data, the possible reason for crack generation is judged and corresponding measures are taken, so that the crack generation in later construction is avoided, and reliable data basis is provided for improving the construction quality of the main structure concrete.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Finally, it should be noted that: it should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A micro crack observation device, comprising:
the fixing assemblies can be arranged on two sides of a crack on the building wall;
a measuring scale provided on the fixing member, slidable on the fixing member, and for measuring a crack;
and the horizontal rod is arranged on the fixing component and used for detecting the level of the measuring scale.
2. A micro-crack observing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fixing member includes:
the first fixing seat is used for fixing the first end of the measuring scale;
the second fixing seat is used for limiting the measuring scale in a sliding manner;
the balance bar comprises a first fixing seat, a second fixing seat, a plurality of hoops, a plurality of connecting rods and a plurality of balance bars, wherein the hoops are arranged on the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat respectively, the hoops are arranged in a pairwise corresponding mode, and the balance bars can be coaxially installed on the two hoops which are arranged correspondingly.
3. The microcrack observing device of claim 2, wherein the first fixing seat fixes the measuring ruler through a mounting member, the mounting member is a rectangular member, and the mounting member fixes the measuring ruler through at least two screws.
4. The observation device for the tiny cracks according to claim 2, wherein the second fixing base fixes the measuring ruler through a vernier, the vernier is fixed on the second fixing base through a screw, and a gap is formed between the vernier and the second fixing base.
5. The microcrack observing device according to claim 1, wherein the balance bar comprises a horizontal bubble device for detecting levelness.
6. The microcrack observing device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing member is bonded to the building wall by a double-sided adhesive tape.
7. A crack analysis evasion method using the micro crack observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
acquiring the length of a crack, and determining the number of micro crack observation devices to be installed;
fixing each micro crack observation device at the crack position on the wall body, and periodically measuring and recording the width of the crack at each position;
obtaining various types of cracks according to the development trend of the cracks, and analyzing the reasons for generating various cracks;
and step four, respectively taking corresponding evasive measures according to the generation reasons of various cracks.
8. The fracture analysis evasion method of claim 7, wherein each type of the fracture comprises: the upper narrow and lower wide vertically distributed cracks and the upper and lower same wide vertically distributed cracks.
9. The crack analysis and avoidance method according to claim 8, wherein the cracks vertically distributed with narrow top and wide bottom include the following reasons and avoidance measures:
the first reason for this is that: applying load before the strength of the concrete reaches the age to cause the upper part of the wall body or the beam body to be pressed and the lower part to be pulled, wherein the tensile strength reaches the tensile limit value, and the concrete at the lower part starts to generate cracks and gradually extends to the upper part;
the evasive measures for the first reason are as follows: before the age of the concrete is short and the strength of the concrete does not reach the corresponding bearing capacity, the upper part of the concrete is prevented from carrying out stacking or construction activities;
the second reason for this is that: the reinforced concrete wall or the beam body is influenced by the bottom reinforcement ratio, the concrete bears tensile stress before reinforcing steel bars, concrete cracks are generated at the bottom of the wall or the beam body, and the cracks extend from the bottom to the top;
the evasive measures for the second reason are: checking the mutual cooperation relationship between the reinforcement ratio and the concrete strength in the reinforced concrete member, and matching the reinforcement ratio with the concrete with corresponding strength so as to enable the reinforcement and the concrete to bear force together.
10. The crack analyzing and avoiding method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the cracks vertically distributed with the same width include the following reasons and avoiding measures:
the A reason is generated as: the reinforced concrete generates stress release under the action of self stress, so that the concrete generates cracks at weak parts;
the evasive measures for the A reason are as follows: adopting a skip method to carry out concrete pouring construction, or reserving a post-pouring belt to relieve the generation of cracks;
the reasons for B are: in mass concrete construction or high-strength concrete construction, the hydration heat of concrete is high, so that cracks from inside to outside are generated in a concrete member;
the evasive measures for the B reason are as follows: temperature measuring pipes are buried in the construction process, cooling pipes are arranged according to requirements, and corresponding maintenance work is timely performed after concrete pouring is completed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110962950.2A CN113916089A (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Micro crack observation device and crack analysis and evasion method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110962950.2A CN113916089A (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Micro crack observation device and crack analysis and evasion method |
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| CN113916089A true CN113916089A (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115823998A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-03-21 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质大队（山东省第一地质矿产勘查院） | Engineering geological crack rapid measuring device |
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2021
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