CN113914271A

CN113914271A - Continuous ice breaking equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113914271A
Application number: CN202111046062.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆璐
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-07
Filing date: 2021-09-07
Publication date: 2022-01-11

Abstract

The invention discloses ice breaking equipment, and particularly relates to continuous ice breaking equipment, which is technically characterized in that: the ice breaking device comprises an impact device for generating shock waves through a liquid electricity effect and an ice breaking assembly for colliding an ice layer and breaking ice by means of the shock waves generated by the impact device; the impact device comprises an impact cylinder capable of generating impact waves, the impact cylinder comprises a cylinder body filled with electrolyte solution, a positive electrode rod and a negative electrode rod which are used for connecting a high-voltage electric field are arranged in the cylinder body, the ice breaking assembly comprises an ice breaking knife which is used for transmitting the impact waves and cutting an ice layer, and the ice breaking assembly further comprises a vibration guide plate which is used for connecting the impact device and transmitting the impact waves.

Description

Continuous ice breaking equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fishing boats, in particular to continuous ice breaking equipment.

Background

When the winter comes, due to the cold climate, a plurality of water areas are frozen, even enter a large-scale icing period, the fishing boat can be directly influenced to work, the fishing boat cannot be normally used, and the development of local fishery and aquaculture can be influenced because part of the water areas cannot be normally fished due to the frozen water surface. The ordinary fishing boat can not directly break the ice layer like a ton-level huge icebreaker, and can only break ice by means of external equipment.

Currently, most of ice breaking devices in the prior art adopt a cutting mode to break ice, for example, a Chinese patent with publication number of CN103790144B discloses a continuous ice breaking mechanism, which comprises a bracket, a mechanical arm, a linear motor, a toothed rod and a rotary ice breaker; wherein, the bracket is connected with the supporting mechanical arm; the mechanical arm is connected with the upper end of the toothed rod and is used for supporting the toothed rod and adjusting the angle of the toothed rod, and the toothed rod connected with the mechanical arm can reciprocate up and down; the linear motor is positioned at the joint of the mechanical arm and the toothed rod and is used for driving the toothed rod to reciprocate up and down; the front side of the toothed rod is provided with sawteeth for cutting an ice layer; the rotary ice breaker is fixed at the lower end of the toothed rod and used for drilling through an ice layer from top to bottom.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide continuous ice breaking equipment which has the advantages that the collision destructive power of a fishing boat to ice blocks can be increased in the running process of the fishing boat, and the rapid navigation is realized.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a continuous ice breaking apparatus includes a hull including a shock device generating a shock wave by a hydro-electric effect and an ice breaking assembly for colliding to contact an ice layer and breaking ice by transmitting the shock wave; the impact device comprises an impact cylinder capable of generating impact waves, the impact cylinder comprises a cylinder body which is internally provided with electrolyte solution, a positive electrode rod and a negative electrode rod which are connected with a high-voltage electric field to break through the electrolyte solution are arranged in the cylinder body, the ice breaking assembly comprises an ice breaking knife which is used for transmitting the impact waves and cutting an ice layer, and the ice breaking assembly further comprises a vibration guide plate which is used for connecting the impact device and transmitting the impact waves.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in operation, when the hull is close to the ice sheet, the ice breaking blade can at first contact the ice sheet and with the help of the kinetic energy of hull to split into the ice sheet, through letting positive and negative electrode bar connect high-voltage electric field, electrolyte solution between the positive and negative electrode bar is punctured, form the discharge channel, the electrohydraulic effect takes place, make electrolyte solution vaporize in the twinkling of an eye, the impact jar launches the shock wave of power huge from inside to outside, because the hull quality is far away than the ice breaking blade, can offset the shock wave through the kinetic energy that self gos forward and the water that flows all around, and the shock wave towards the ice sheet then can be passed through the guide vibrating plate and is transmitted the ice breaking blade, make the latter in the twinkling of an eye of colliding the ice sheet, split the ice sheet, shatter, and the shock wave that transmits from the ice breaking blade can stretch along the ice sheet, expand ice sheet rupture scope.

Further setting: the impact device further comprises a trigger assembly for triggering the impact cylinder to generate shock waves through collision extrusion, the trigger assembly comprises a movable plate which is elastically connected with the ice breaking assembly, and a second electrode plate for electrifying the positive and negative electrode rods is arranged on the movable plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme for when triggering the subassembly and only receiving lasting pressure, promote the movable plate and be close to the impact cylinder, when making the second electrode slice switch-on positive and negative electrode stick, the hydro-electric effect just can take place in the cylinder body is inside, sets up like this and makes the hull when the waters that the ice sheet is thinner is gone, also can not continuously produce shock wave, has reached energy saving, the purpose of traveling safely.

Further setting: the cylinder body is far away from surface of water one side and is equipped with, the surface is connected with the inside hollow drum, the drum surface is equipped with the first electrode slice of connecting the positive and negative electrode stick, hinged joint has the gear, gear fixedly connected with and drum sliding connection's rotary drum, still be equipped with between drum and the rotary drum and be used for waterproof sealing ring, the second electrode slice sets up the contact surface at rotary drum and drum, the first high pressure generator of second electrode slice intercommunication, the movable plate is equipped with the reset spring of elastic connection icebreaking subassembly, the movable plate be close ice layer one side be equipped with the rack that gear engagement is connected.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the subassembly that opens ice contacted comparatively firm ice sheet, the movable plate received the hull extrusion, and reset spring takes place deformation, through rack and pinion's cooperation, drives the rotary drum and rotates, and then realizes driving the laminating of the second electrode piece of rotary drum internal surface and the first electrode piece of drum surface, accomplishes the circular telegram of strikeing the jar.

Further setting: the ice breaking blade is arranged perpendicular to the water surface, sawteeth used for increasing friction force between the ice breaking blade and the ice layer are arranged on the contact surface of the ice breaking blade and the ice layer, and the cutting direction of the sawteeth is perpendicular to the water surface and is arranged upwards.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because river surface and sea exist the wave, the prow can take place the certain degree and rock from top to bottom among the driving process, can effectively utilize rocking of prow through setting up the sawtooth at the skates surface and cut the ice sheet, increase the degree of depth that the skates cut into the ice sheet, reinforcing icebreaking effect, and set up sawtooth perpendicular surface of water up, make the skates when the surface of water rocks, there is an ascending lifting force to the ice sheet surface, and then raise from the nearer ice sheet of skates, make and produce the clearance between ice sheet and the surface of water, the shock wave energy of skates transmission gets into this clearance, because the propagation of shock wave in the middle of the air is stronger, the purpose of reinforcing icebreaking effect has been reached.

Further setting: and arc plates used for blocking crushed ice and dispersing shock waves to the two sides are arranged on the two sides of the vibration guide plate, and the outer arc surfaces of the arc plates face the two sides of the ice layer.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the skates can make the ice sheet take place to explode and split with the help of shock wave icebreaking in-process, it is very fast to produce speed, the great garrulous ice of quality splashes the contact cylinder body, through setting up the arc, can reach and block garrulous ice, the purpose of protection cylinder body, and by the broken ice piece of skates, can pile up in the skates both sides, through setting up the arc, can be with shock wave to both sides guide, because the skates are close to the ice sheet, can touch the ice sheet earlier, so skates and arc have the time difference to shock wave's transmission, shock wave can be earlier transmitted for the ice sheet through the skates, split ice is given to the remaining wave rethread arc, prevent that the garrulous forward that hinders the ice hull.

Further setting: the surface of the cylinder body is provided with a power supply connector communicated with the positive and negative electrode rods, and the ship body is provided with a second high-voltage generator communicated with the power supply connector and capable of directly supplying power to the positive and negative electrode rods.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can be under some special circumstances, like the hull below surface of water freezes, when the hull can't normally travel, also can provide high-voltage electric field to positive and negative electrode stick both ends with the help of second high voltage generator, make the shock cylinder take place the shock wave, the ice sheet that can direct transmission connect for the bow below of shock wave this moment makes the ice sheet explode and splits, helps the hull to resume navigation ability.

Further setting: the ice breaking assembly comprises a steel chisel which is used for inserting an ice layer, the steel chisel is arranged in the middle of the contact surface of the ice breaking cutter and the ice layer, and a plurality of barbs facing the ship body are arranged on the surface of the steel chisel.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the drill rod, can strengthen the ability of running through to the ice sheet, insert the ice sheet through the drill rod moreover, can conduct shock wave to the central point who keeps away from the icebreaker and put, make the ice sheet that is close to the icebreaker become fragile, change and be split. And when the hull quality is great, when moving speed is slower, the drill rod inserts the ice sheet and causes the shock wave, and because the hull speed is slower, the shock wave of initiation can push the ice sheet open, weakens the effect of breaking ice, through setting up the barb, can realize increasing the area of contact of drill rod and ice sheet, prevents that the ice sheet from breaking away from the drill rod, makes the shock wave fully transmit for the ice sheet.

Further setting: the impact device is still including being used for driving the coupling assembling that impact device and icebreaking subassembly slided and go up and down on hull surface, coupling assembling is including the bent plate of laminating bow surface and the slide rail of setting on hull surface, the bent plate is equipped with the slider of sliding connection slide rail with the binding face of hull, coupling assembling still includes fixed connection impact device's hoist cable and sets up the lift hoist engine on hull surface.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of a continuous ice breaking apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an ice breaking assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the impact device;

fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection between the cylinder and the drum.

Reference numerals: 1. a hull; 2. an ice breaking assembly; 21. an ice breaking blade; 22. a vibration guide plate; 23. saw teeth; 24. steel chisel; 25. a barb; 26. reinforcing ribs; 27. an arc-shaped plate; 3. an impact device; 31. an impact cylinder; 311. a cylinder body; 312. a support plate; 313. a positive and negative electrode bar; 314. a cylinder; 315. a first electrode sheet; 316. a power supply connector; 317. a second high voltage generator; 32. a trigger component; 321. moving the plate; 322. a rack; 323. a gear; 324. a rotating drum; 325. a second electrode sheet; 326. a first high voltage generator; 327. a return spring; 328. a seal ring; 33. a connecting assembly; 331. bending a plate; 332. a slide rail; 333. a slider; 334. a sling; 335. lifting the winch; 336. a motor; 337. a shock absorbing spring.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Preferred example 1: referring to fig. 1, a continuous ice breaking apparatus includes a movable hull 1, an impact device 3 for generating shock waves by extrusion is slidably connected to a head of the hull 1, and an ice breaking assembly 2 for colliding an ice layer and breaking ice by means of the shock waves generated by the impact device 3 is connected to a side of the impact device 3 away from the hull 1.

During operation, impact device 3 slides to the suitable height that can contact the ice sheet, drives impact device 3 and the subassembly 2 that opens ice and sails at the surface of water by hull 1, and when the subassembly 2 that opens ice collided the ice sheet, impact device 3 received the extrusion and triggers and produce the shock wave, and the shock wave transmits to the ice sheet through the subassembly 2 that opens ice, makes the ice sheet cracked.

Referring to fig. 2, the ice breaking assembly 2 includes an ice breaking blade 21 for transmitting shock waves and cutting an ice layer and a vibration guide plate 22 for supporting the ice breaking blade 21 and transmitting the shock waves to the ice breaking blade 21, the vibration guide plate 22 is close to the hull 1 side and fixedly connected with the impact device 3, the ice breaking blade 21 is arranged on a vertical water surface, a blade edge of the ice breaking blade 21 is provided with a saw tooth 23 for increasing friction force between the ice breaking blade 21 and the ice layer, the saw tooth 23 is arranged upward in a cutting direction of the vertical water surface, and the blade edge of the ice breaking blade 21 is further provided with a steel chisel 24 for inserting the ice layer. In this embodiment, the vibration guide plate 22 is provided with a reinforcing rib 26 for fixedly supporting the ice breaker 21 on the side away from the hull 1, arc plates 27 for blocking crushed ice and dispersing shock waves to both sides are provided on both sides of the vibration guide plate 22, and the outer arc surfaces of the arc plates 27 face the ice layer in front of the hull 1.

When the ship body 1 drives the ice breaking blade 21 to collide with an ice layer, the steel drill 24 on the surface of the blade edge is firstly inserted into the ice layer, then the ice breaking blade 21 cuts into the surface of the ice layer, slight oscillation can occur due to collision with the ship body 1, the ship body 1 is used as a lever center to swing up and down, the saw teeth 23 on the surface of the ice breaking blade 21 further cut the ice layer, the cutting depth of the ice breaking blade 21 is increased, when the impact device 3 is started, the vibration guide plate 22 fixedly connected with the impact device 3 receives impact waves and transmits the impact waves to the ice breaking blade 21 and the steel drill 24, the impact waves are firstly diffused to the ice layer on the surface of the steel drill 24, the ice layer receives the impact waves and then breaks, the ice layer is split by the ice breaking blade 21 under the pushing force of the ship body 1 and the impact waves, and the arc-shaped plates 27 transmit the residual waves of the impact waves to water bodies on the two sides of the ice breaking blade 21 to push broken ice on the two sides away.

Referring to fig. 1, the impact device 3 comprises an impact cylinder 31 which is connected with the vibration guide plate 22 and emits shock waves from inside to outside through a hydraulic-electric effect, a trigger assembly 32 which is used for triggering the impact cylinder 31 to be electrified by means of extrusion between the ice breaking assembly 2 and the ship body 1 is arranged on one side, close to the ship body 1, of the impact cylinder 31, and a connecting assembly 33 which is used for driving the impact device 3 and the ice breaking assembly 2 to slide and lift on the surface of the ship body 1 is arranged on one side, close to the ship body 1, of the trigger assembly 32.

When the ship body 1 crashes to the ice layer, the triggering assembly 32 arranged between the ice breaking assembly 2 and the ship body 1 generates elastic deformation under the action of extrusion force, so that the impact cylinder 31 is electrified, the inside of the impact cylinder 31 generates a liquid-electric effect, and then shock waves are emitted outwards.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the impacting cylinder 31 includes a cylinder 311 filled with an electrolyte solution, the cylinder 311 is made of high manganese steel with high impact resistance, an insulating rubber layer is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder to prevent current leakage, and improve electrical safety, a supporting plate 312 for providing basic buoyancy and enlarging the contact area between the cylinder 311 and the water surface is fixedly arranged on one side of the cylinder 311 close to the water bottom, a positive and negative electrode bar 313 for connecting a high-voltage electric field to break down the electrolyte solution is arranged in the cylinder 311, a cylinder 314 is arranged on one side of the cylinder 311 close to the hull 1, and a first electrode plate 315 for connecting the positive and negative electrode bar 313 is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder 314. In this embodiment, the upper surface of the cylinder 311 away from the water bottom is provided with a power supply connector 316 connected to the front and back electrode bar 313. Referring to fig. 1, the hull 1 is provided with a second high voltage generator 317 connected to the power supply connection 316 and adapted to directly power the positive and negative electrode bar 313.

When the ship works, the ship body 1 collides with an ice layer, the trigger assembly 32 triggers and is communicated with the first electrode plate 315 on the outer surface of the cylinder 314, so that the positive and negative electrode rods 313 are connected with a high-voltage electric field, the electrolyte solution between the positive and negative electrode rods 313 is broken down by high voltage electricity to form a discharge channel, the electrolyte solution around the discharge channel is vaporized, and collision causes explosion to further form shock waves. When the ship body 1 and the ice breaking assembly 2 are frozen and the trigger assembly 32 cannot work normally, the second high-voltage generator 317 directly supplies power to the positive and negative electrode rods 313, the impact cylinder 31 generates impact waves, the ice layer on the surface of the ice breaking assembly 2 is broken, and the trigger assembly 32 returns to work normally.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the triggering assembly 32 includes a moving plate 321 elastically connected to the ice-breaking assembly 2, a rack 322 is fixedly disposed on a side of the moving plate 321 away from the hull 1, and the triggering assembly 32 further includes a gear 323 fixedly disposed on a surface of the supporting plate 312 and engaged with the rack 322;

referring to fig. 2 and 4, a rotating drum 324 for rotatably connecting the outer surface of the cylinder 314 is arranged on one side of the gear 323, a second electrode plate 325 for being attached to the first electrode plate 315 is arranged inside the rotating drum 324, a first high-voltage generator 326 for providing a high-voltage electric field and communicating the second electrode plate 325 is arranged on the hull 1, the triggering assembly 32 further includes a return spring 327 elastically connected to the ice breaking assembly 2, one end of the return spring 327 is fixedly connected to the moving plate 321, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the arc plate 27.

When the ice breaking device works, the ship body 1 drives the ice breaking assembly 2 to collide with an ice layer, when the resistance of the ice layer is large, the arc-shaped plate 27 abuts against one end of the reset spring 327, the ship body 1 drives the moving plate 321 to be close to the ice layer under the driving of power, the reset spring 327 is extruded to generate elastic deformation, the gear 323 drives the rotary drum 324 to rotate together under the meshing of the rack 322, the second electrode slice 325 inside the rotary drum 324 is attached to the first electrode slice 315 on the outer surface of the cylinder 314, so that the first high-voltage generator 326 is connected with the positive and negative electrode bar 313, the impact cylinder 31 is triggered to emit impact waves, when the ice layer is broken, the extrusion of the reset spring 327 of the ship body 1 disappears, the reset spring 327 drives the moving plate 321 to reset, the second electrode slice 325 is disconnected with the first electrode slice 315, and the impact cylinder 31 is powered off.

Referring to fig. 1, the connecting assembly 33 includes a curved plate 331 attached to the surface of the bow of the ship and a slide rail 332 disposed on the surface of the hull of the ship, the curved plate 331 is provided with a slide block 333 for slidably connecting the slide rail 332, the connecting assembly 33 further includes a sling 334 for lifting the impact device 3 and the ice breaking assembly 2, one end of the sling 334 is fixedly connected to the impact cylinder 31, the other end of the sling 334 is fixedly connected to a lifting winch 335 disposed on the surface of the ship body 1 for pulling the sling 334, the lifting winch 335 is connected to a motor 336 for driving, and a damping spring 337 having an elastic coefficient greater than that of the return spring 327 is disposed between the curved plate 331 and the moving plate 321.

During operation, lift hoist engine 335 zooms hoist cable 334 under the drive of motor 336, the sliding connection of bent plate 331 through slider 333 and slide rail 332, the vertical water surface goes up and down to adjusting to suitable liquid level height, when hull 1 bumps into the ice sheet, coupling assembling 33 extrudees trigger assembly 32 under the drive of hull 1, reset spring 327's elastic coefficient is lower, elastic deformation takes place earlier, strike jar 31 circular telegram, send the shock wave, because the reaction force of shock wave, damping spring 337 takes place elastic deformation, offset some impact, the residual wave rethread of shock wave is absorbed through the bent plate 331 of laminating hull 1.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, but only protected by the patent laws within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A continuous ice breaking apparatus comprising a hull, characterized in that: comprises an impact device (3) generating shock waves through a liquid electricity effect and an ice breaking assembly (2) for colliding an ice layer and breaking ice by means of the shock waves generated by the impact device (3); the utility model discloses an ice breaking device, including the shock device (3) can produce shock wave shock jar (31), shock jar (31) are equipped with electrolyte solution's cylinder body (311) including inside, be equipped with positive and negative electrode stick (313) that are used for putting through high-voltage electric field in cylinder body (311), ice breaking subassembly (2) are including being used for transmitting shock wave and cutting the icebreaker (21) on ice sheet, ice breaking subassembly (2) still include and are used for connecting shock device (3) and transmitting shock wave lead vibrating plate (22).

2. Continuous ice breaking apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that: the impact device (3) further comprises a trigger assembly (32) which triggers the impact cylinder (31) to generate shock waves through collision extrusion, the trigger assembly (32) comprises a moving plate (321) which is elastically connected with the ice breaking assembly (2), and a second electrode plate (325) which is used for electrifying the positive and negative electrode rod (313) is arranged on the moving plate (321).

3. Continuous ice breaking apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that: the cylinder body (311) is arranged on one side far away from the water surface, the surface is connected with an internal hollow cylinder (314), the surface of the cylinder (314) is provided with a first electrode plate (315) connected with a positive and negative electrode rod (313), the hinge is connected with a gear (323), the gear (323) is fixedly connected with a rotary drum (324) in sliding connection with the cylinder (314), a waterproof sealing ring (328) is further arranged between the cylinder (314) and the rotary drum (324), the second electrode plate (325) is arranged on the contact surface of the rotary drum (324) and the cylinder (314), the second electrode plate (325) is communicated with a first high-pressure generator (326), the moving plate (321) is provided with a return spring (327) which is elastically connected with the ice breaking assembly (2), and one side, close to the ice layer, of the moving plate (321) is provided with a rack (322) which is meshed with the gear (323).

4. Continuous ice breaking apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that: the ice breaking blade (21) is perpendicular to the water surface, saw teeth (23) used for increasing friction force between the ice breaking blade (21) and the ice layer are arranged on the contact surface of the ice breaking blade (21) and the ice layer, and the cutting direction of the saw teeth (23) is perpendicular to the water surface and faces upwards.

5. Continuous ice breaking apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: and arc plates (27) used for blocking crushed ice and dispersing shock waves to the two sides are arranged on the two sides of the vibration guide plate (22), and the outer arc surfaces of the arc plates (27) face the two sides of the ice layer.

6. Continuous ice breaking apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that: the surface of the cylinder body (311) is provided with a power supply connector (316) communicated with the positive and negative electrode rod (313), and the ship body (1) is provided with a second high-voltage generator (317) communicated with the power supply connector (316) and capable of directly supplying power to the positive and negative electrode rod (313).

7. Continuous ice breaking apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: the ice breaking assembly (2) comprises a steel chisel (24) used for inserting an ice layer, and the steel chisel (24) is arranged in the middle of the contact surface of the ice breaking blade (21) and the ice layer.

8. Continuous ice breaking apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that: the impact device (3) further comprises a connecting component (33) for driving the impact device (3) and the ice breaking component (2) to slide and lift on the surface of the ship body (1).

9. Continuous ice breaking apparatus according to claim 8, characterised in that: coupling assembling (33) are including curved plate (331) of laminating bow surface and slide rail (332) of setting on hull surface, the binding face of curved plate (331) and hull (1) is equipped with slider (333) of sliding connection slide rail (332), coupling assembling (33) still include hoist cable (334) and the lift hoist engine (335) of setting on hull (1) surface of fixed connection impact device (3).