CN113910911B - Electric vehicle remaining driving range estimation method and electric vehicle using same - Google Patents
Electric vehicle remaining driving range estimation method and electric vehicle using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN113910911B CN113910911B CN202111179540.7A CN202111179540A CN113910911B CN 113910911 B CN113910911 B CN 113910911B CN 202111179540 A CN202111179540 A CN 202111179540A CN 113910911 B CN113910911 B CN 113910911B
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a method for estimating the remaining driving mileage of an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle using the same, which are characterized in that the remaining driving mileage is estimated by weighting average real energy consumption and battery remaining energy per kilometer in the history mileage of the vehicle under the condition of not changing the hardware of the electric vehicle, and the predicted value is adjusted in time according to the running state so as to estimate the remaining mileage more accurately; meanwhile, when the battery is low in electric quantity, the power of the electric drive system is limited and optimized, the residual energy of the battery can be fully released, and the situation that the vehicle is cut off in power output when the residual electric quantity is not exhausted and the meter does not display the residual mileage of 0 km yet is avoided, so that the driving experience of a user is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a method for estimating remaining driving mileage of an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle using the same.
Background
The remaining driving mileage refers to the driving mileage of the electric vehicle in the process that the current state of charge of the power battery of the electric vehicle is operated to the battery cut-off voltage. The rest driving mileage can provide reference for the vehicle owner to make a travel plan, avoid the condition of insufficient energy in the vehicle driving process, and play an important role in improving user experience and reducing mileage anxiety.
The existing light electric vehicle generally does not provide the remaining driving distance information to the user, but only provides the SOC (State of Charge) information of the battery; or directly estimating the remaining driving range according to the SOC, wherein the estimation expression is as follows:
RM＝K 1 *SOC，0<SOC<SOC inflection point
RM＝K 2 *SOC，SOC Inflection point <SOC<100％
Namely, the SOC and the remaining driving mileage are considered to be in piecewise monotone linear relation, the relation curve is prestored in a certain device such as BMS (Battery Management System ), and the driving mileage is obtained by adopting a direct lookup table according to the current SOC.
In addition, there are also predicted values, actual values, confidence intervals thereof, and covariances at the present time based on battery remaining Energy SOE (State of Energy) and unit mileage Energy consumption, and then the remaining mileage is estimated and displayed using an algorithm of kalman filtering.
However, the above-described remaining mileage estimation has the following problems:
(1) The method for only providing the SOC information enables a user to be unable to judge the remaining driving mileage, especially the user who just touches the vehicle;
(2) Based on the SOC information, estimating the remaining mileage in a piecewise linear way, whether from a theoretical angle or a test angle, the endurance mileage and the SOC are not in a pure linear relation, an energy use end is influenced by road conditions, traffic conditions, environmental factors, system efficiency, vehicle weight, load, tire pressure and the like, an energy supply end is influenced by factors such as battery type, battery multiplying power, battery internal resistance, battery temperature, battery SOH (State of Health), and the like, and superposition of the factors can generate very large deviation on the estimation of the remaining mileage based on the method;
(3) The algorithm such as Kalman filtering needs stronger hardware calculation power, so that the current large calculation power requirement cannot be supported by many hardware configurations, and the algorithm needs to be updated, so that compatibility problems and cost rise can be caused;
(4) In either case, the effect of vehicle operating power on the remaining available output energy of the battery is not considered. When the battery power is low, if a user applies a larger accelerator, the driving system of the vehicle draws electricity from the battery at a larger discharge rate, so that the battery voltage is reduced to a threshold value of low-voltage protection prematurely, and the BMS may cut off the power output when the battery still has more power and more residual mileage and can drive, so that poor driving experience is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for estimating the remaining driving range of an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle using the method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for estimating the remaining driving range of an electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating battery consumption energy and battery residual energy;
s2, estimating the energy consumption of the unit mileage according to the consumed energy of the battery and the travelled mileage;
s3, calculating the remaining driving mileage according to the remaining battery energy and the energy consumption of the unit mileage.
Preferably, in step S1, the battery consumption energy is calculated by the following formula:
the battery remaining energy is calculated by the following formula:
wherein, Q1, Q2 are battery power, OCV is battery open circuit voltage.
Preferably, the step S2 includes the steps of:
s21, setting a preset value of historical driving mileage;
s22, detecting whether the actual value of the historical driving mileage is smaller than a preset value, if so, calculating the actual unit mileage consumption of the vehicle according to the following formula:
where S' is the energy consumption per unit mileage of the sold vehicle, gamma and epsilon are scale factors, gamma decreases with an increase in the actual mileage, and epsilon increases with an increase in the actual mileage, and gamma and epsilon are calculated as follows:
if not, calculating the actual mileage consumption of the vehicle according to the following formula:
further, the step S22 further includes the following steps:
setting a preset value of the state of charge of the battery, and limiting and optimizing the output power of the vehicle according to the following formula if the actual value of the state of charge of the battery is smaller than the preset value:
P＝P RATED *SOC+P min 。
preferably, in step S3, the remaining driving range of the vehicle is calculated by the following formula:
the invention also provides an electric vehicle, which comprises a calculating unit and a display unit, wherein the calculating unit applies the method for estimating the residual driving mileage of the electric vehicle, and the input end of the display unit is connected with the output end of the calculating unit so as to receive and display the residual driving mileage.
Preferably, the computing unit comprises a processing module, a storage module and a communication module, wherein the processing module is connected with the storage module through the communication module, and the output end of the processing module is connected with the input end of the display module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: under the condition of not changing the hardware of the electric vehicle, the weighted average real energy consumption and the battery residual energy per kilometer in the historical mileage of the vehicle are used for estimating the residual mileage, and the predicted value is timely adjusted according to the running state so as to more accurately estimate the residual mileage; meanwhile, when the battery is low in electric quantity, the power of the electric drive system is limited and optimized, the residual energy of the battery can be fully released, and the situation that the vehicle is cut off in power output when the residual electric quantity is not exhausted and the meter does not display the residual mileage of 0 km yet is avoided, so that the driving experience of a user is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for estimating remaining range of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the objects, construction, features, and functions of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for estimating remaining driving range of an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, calculating battery consumption energy and battery residual energy.
A two-dimensional table of the relationship between the battery open circuit voltage OCV and the battery SOC is stored in a control system of the vehicle. During the running of the vehicle, the actual capacity Q and the SOC of the battery are read from the power battery BMS in real time through communication, and the energy consumption of the battery electric quantity from Q1 to Q2 is calculated through the following formula:
the battery remaining energy is calculated by the following formula:
s2, estimating the unit mileage energy consumption according to the battery consumption energy and the travelled mileage.
The estimation of the unit mileage energy consumption of the new vehicle used for the first time adopts the following modes: a default S 'is written in the control system of the new vehicle based on the unit mileage energy consumption S' of the sold vehicle. The energy consumption of unit mileage in a certain driving mileage L 'is relatively large in the initial period of the individual vehicle due to various factors, so that the user trouble caused by too large jump of the apparent mileage is avoided in order to meet the difference requirement, and the actual unit mileage consumption of the vehicle in the driving mileage L' is calculated by the following formula:
gamma decreases with increasing actual mileage, while epsilon increases with increasing actual mileage, gamma and epsilon being calculated as follows:
when the actual driving distance of the vehicle reaches or exceeds L', the actual unit mileage consumption amount of the vehicle is calculated by the following formula:
s3, calculating the remaining driving mileage according to the battery remaining energy and the unit mileage energy consumption, namely calculating the remaining driving mileage of the vehicle according to the following formula:
when the SOC of the power battery is smaller than a certain threshold value SOC TH When, in order to ensure that the BMS of the power battery can completely discharge the electric quantity, the vehicle is prevented from being cut off from power output when the residual electric quantity is not exhausted and the meter does not display 0 km residual mileage yet, the output power of the vehicle is limited and optimized through the following formula:
P＝P RATED *SOC+P min 。
referring to fig. 2, the present invention further provides an electric vehicle, which includes a computing unit 1 and a display unit 2, wherein the computing unit 1 applies the method for estimating the remaining driving range of the electric vehicle as described above, and an input end of the display unit 2 is connected with an output end of the computing unit 1 to receive and display the remaining driving range, so as to provide a reference for a user to travel, and improve the user experience.
Preferably, the computing unit 1 comprises a processing module 11, a storage module 12 and a communication module 13, wherein the processing module 11 is connected with the storage module 12 through the communication module 13, and an output end of the processing module 11 is connected with an input end of the display unit 2.
In practical use, the storage module 12 includes a temporary storage sub-module for storing calculated intermediate values, such as variable data of battery remaining energy, battery consumed energy, etc., and a long storage sub-module for storing fixed values, such as a two-dimensional table of the relationship between the open-circuit voltage OCV and the SOC of the battery, etc., so as to prevent data loss, and the processing module 11 obtains the required data from the storage module 12, calculates the remaining driving range, and sends the remaining driving range data to the display unit 2 for display.
According to the method for estimating the remaining driving mileage of the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle using the same, the remaining driving mileage is estimated by using the weighted average real energy consumption and the battery remaining energy per kilometer in the history mileage of the vehicle under the condition of not changing the hardware of the electric vehicle, and the predicted value is timely adjusted according to the running state so as to estimate the remaining mileage more accurately; meanwhile, when the battery is low in electric quantity, the power of the electric drive system is limited and optimized, the residual energy of the battery can be fully released, and the situation that the vehicle is cut off in power output when the residual electric quantity is not exhausted and the meter does not display the residual mileage of 0 km yet is avoided, so that the driving experience of a user is ensured.
The invention has been described with respect to the above-described embodiments, however, the above-described embodiments are merely examples of practicing the invention. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for estimating remaining driving range of an electric vehicle, comprising the steps of:
s1, calculating battery consumption energy and battery residual energy;
s2, estimating the energy consumption of the unit mileage according to the consumed energy of the battery and the travelled mileage;
s3, calculating the remaining driving mileage according to the remaining battery energy and the energy consumption of the unit mileage;
in step S1, the battery consumption energy is calculated by the following formula:
the battery remaining energy is calculated by the following formula:
wherein Q1 and Q2 are battery power, and OCV is battery open-circuit voltage;
step S2 comprises the steps of:
s21, setting a preset value of historical driving mileage;
s22, detecting whether the actual value of the historical driving mileage is smaller than a preset value, if so, calculating the actual unit mileage consumption of the vehicle according to the following formula:
where S' is the energy consumption per unit mileage of the sold vehicle, gamma and epsilon are scale factors, gamma decreases with an increase in the actual mileage, and epsilon increases with an increase in the actual mileage, and gamma and epsilon are calculated as follows:
if not, calculating the actual mileage consumption of the vehicle according to the following formula:
2. the method for estimating remaining driving range of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising the step of, before step S22:
setting a preset value of the state of charge of the battery, and limiting and optimizing the output power of the vehicle according to the following formula if the actual value of the state of charge of the battery is smaller than the preset value:
P＝P RATED *SOC+P min 。
3. the method of estimating remaining mileage of electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the remaining mileage of the vehicle is calculated by the following formula:
4. an electric vehicle characterized by comprising a calculation unit to which the electric vehicle remaining driving range estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is applied, and a display unit having an input connected to an output of the calculation unit to receive and display the remaining driving range.
5. The electric vehicle of claim 4, characterized in that the computing unit includes a processing module, a memory module, and a communication module, the processing module being connected to the memory module through the communication module, an output of the processing module being connected to an input of the display unit.
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