CN113910360A - Fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method - Google Patents
Fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113910360A CN113910360A CN202111299362.1A CN202111299362A CN113910360A CN 113910360 A CN113910360 A CN 113910360A CN 202111299362 A CN202111299362 A CN 202111299362A CN 113910360 A CN113910360 A CN 113910360A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- ultrasonic vibration
- hole
- enabling
- composite material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
- B26F1/16—Perforating by tool or tools of the drill type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
- B26D7/086—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by vibrating, e.g. ultrasonically
Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber reinforced composite material hole processing method, which comprises the steps of starting a cutter and an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device to enable the cutter to synchronously carry out composite motion, controlling the cutter to move along the axis direction of the cutter at a preset feed rate to carry out hole processing operation, enabling the cutter to carry out composite motion under the driving of the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device, enabling abrasive particles of the cutter to move along a three-dimensional spiral curve with sinusoidal vibration in the punching operation, enabling the abrasive particles and a workpiece to be in a contact-separation state, enabling only a very small period of time to participate in processing in each vibration period, enabling the rest of time to be in a separation state, enabling the workpiece and the abrasive particles to be in periodic contact separation, not only remarkably reducing cutting force, but also greatly improving the processing environment of a drilling area, avoiding the accumulation of cutting heat and the adhesion of chips and further reducing the abrasion speed of a diamond drill bit, the hole making quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hole machining, in particular to a method for machining a hole in a fiber reinforced composite material.
Background
Fiber reinforced polymer/plastic (FRP) has the superior characteristics of corrosion resistance, friction resistance, good vibration damping performance, high specific strength and specific modulus and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles, sports equipment and the like. Due to the restriction of the molding process, holes, grooves and the like for assembly cannot be prefabricated in the manufacturing process of the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite, and hole making processing is often required when the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite is assembled and connected with other mechanical parts. FRP is used as an anisotropic difficult-to-machine material, in the hole machining process, the common damage comprises burrs and tearing damage at the hole inlet and outlet, fiber interlayer layering damage, and in addition, the machined surface of the hole can often have surface damage such as fiber extraction, fiber debonding, resin matrix degradation and the like, so a fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method is urgently needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method which drives a cutter to perform composite motion, wherein motion tracks are overlapped in the same time, so that the hole wall is machined for multiple times, and the hole machining quality is improved, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device with the cutter;
s2, starting the cutter and the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device to enable the cutter to synchronously carry out compound motion, including rotation, rotation around the axis of the hole to be processed at a preset revolution speed and vibration under the driving of the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device;
and S3, controlling the cutter to move along the axial direction of the cutter at a preset feed rate, and performing hole machining operation.
Preferably, in step S1, the ultrasonic vibration assisting device includes an upper coil and a lower coil of the electromagnetic induction coil, and a horn installed at the milling cutter of the cutter, the ultrasonic vibration frequency and the ultrasonic vibration amplitude are preset, and the horn is used to apply high-frequency vibration to the milling cutter.
Preferably, the revolution eccentricity of the cutter is smaller than the radius of the cutter, and the aperture to be processed is larger than one time of the diameter of the cutter and smaller than two times of the diameter of the cutter.
Preferably, in step S2, the motion trajectory of the abrasive particles of the cutting tool is a three-dimensional spiral curve with sinusoidal vibration under the driving of the ultrasonic vibration assisting device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the cutter is driven by the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device to perform compound motion, in the drilling operation, the motion track of the abrasive particles of the cutter is a three-dimensional spiral curve with sinusoidal vibration, so that the abrasive particles and the workpiece are in a contact-separation state, only a very small time is involved in processing in each vibration period, the rest time is in a separation state, and the workpiece and the abrasive particles are in periodic contact separation, so that the cutting force can be obviously reduced, the processing environment of a drilling area is greatly improved, the accumulation of cutting heat and the adhesion of chips are avoided, the abrasion speed of the diamond drill bit is slowed down, the motion tracks are overlapped in the same time, the hole wall is processed for multiple times, and the hole making quality is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the hole machining of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the hole machining of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a model of a processing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the movement trace of the abrasive particles driven by the ultrasonic vibration assisting device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1-2, a method for processing a hole in a fiber-reinforced composite material includes the following steps:
s1, assembling the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device with the cutter;
s2, starting the cutter and the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device to enable the cutter to synchronously carry out compound motion, including rotation, rotation around the axis of the hole to be processed at a preset revolution speed and vibration under the driving of the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device;
and S3, controlling the cutter to move along the axial direction of the cutter at a preset feed rate, and performing hole machining operation.
Referring to fig. 3, a model diagram of a processing apparatus is shown, in which the ultrasonic vibration assisting apparatus includes an upper coil and a lower coil of an electromagnetic induction coil, and a horn installed at a milling cutter of a tool, an ultrasonic vibration frequency and an ultrasonic vibration amplitude are preset, and a high-frequency vibration is applied to the milling cutter by the horn.
The processing parameters comprise a cutter diameter D, an eccentricity e, a cutter rotation speed n1, a cutter revolution speed n2, a cutter axial feed pitch ap, an ultrasonic vibration frequency f and an ultrasonic vibration amplitude A, wherein the eccentricity e of the cutter revolution is smaller than the radius of the cutter, and the aperture to be processed is larger than one time of the cutter diameter D and smaller than two times of the cutter diameter D.
Referring to fig. 4, a graph of a motion trajectory of abrasive particles driven by an ultrasonic vibration assisting device is shown, wherein the motion trajectory of the abrasive particles of a tool is a three-dimensional spiral curve with sinusoidal vibration, the abrasive particles and a workpiece are in a contact-separation state under the action of high-frequency vibration, only a very small time is involved in processing in each vibration cycle, the rest time is in a separation state, and the workpiece and the abrasive particles are in periodic contact and separation, so that not only can the cutting force be significantly reduced, but also the processing environment of a drilling area is greatly improved, and the accumulation of cutting heat and the adhesion of chips are avoided, thereby slowing down the wear rate of a diamond drill;
in the machining process, the motion of the spiral milling hole is a combined motion under the combined action of the autorotation motion of a cutter, the revolution motion of the cutter around the axis of the machined hole and the axial feed motion of a main shaft, and simultaneously, the ultrasonic auxiliary machining is matched, so that the effects of a bottom edge and a peripheral edge of the cutter are not completely the same, most of material removal is completed by the bottom edge, the machining of the surface of the hole wall is completed by the peripheral edge and the bottom edge together, but the peripheral edge is a main part for completing the hole wall machining at the moment, the ultrasonic auxiliary spiral milling hole is realized by applying periodic sinusoidal motion to the axial direction (Z axis) through an ultrasonic auxiliary machining cutter handle, so that the periodic separation of a single peripheral edge and a workpiece is realized, the motion tracks of cutting edges are changed, the motion tracks of the cutting edges are overlapped in the same time, the hole wall is machined for multiple times, and the hole machining quality is improved.
In one embodiment, the following are selected:
machine tool: VMC-C30 five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining center;
cutting tool: the number of teeth of the stepped bidirectional vertical milling cutter of the diamond coating is 4, the front angle is 10 degrees, the rear angle is 8 degrees, and the helical angle of the helical groove is 35 degrees;
detecting the axial force: collecting by a Kistler piezoelectric type 4-component dynamometer in real time;
materials: CFRP, the model is T700, and the matrix material is epoxy resin;
rotating the ultrasonic vibration processing tool handle: the model is USBT40ER32, the frequency is 30KHZ, and the amplitude is 5 μm;
materials: CFRP 200X 110X 6(mm) aperture 8 mm;
and (3) testing: the rotation speed of the non-ultrasonic and ultrasonic rotation speeds are 3500, 4000, 4500 and 5000 respectively;
the feed amount of each tooth is 0.02 mm/z;
the results of the axial force of the spiral milling hole at each rotating speed are respectively as follows: no ultrasonic wave: 63. 51, 42, 33N
The method comprises the following steps: 53. 34, 30, 28N;
the results show that: with the increase of the rotating speed of the main shaft, the cutting force is in a descending trend under the condition of no ultrasonic wave; compared with the ultrasonic-assisted cutting, under the ultrasonic condition, the cutting force still has a descending trend along with the increase of the rotating speed of the main shaft, the axial force is smaller than that of the ultrasonic-free spiral milling under the same rotating speed, and the hole machining quality is superior to that under the ultrasonic-free condition.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, assembling the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device with the cutter;
s2, starting the cutter and the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device to enable the cutter to synchronously carry out compound motion, including rotation, rotation around the axis of the hole to be processed at a preset revolution speed and vibration under the driving of the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device;
and S3, controlling the cutter to move along the axial direction of the cutter at a preset feed rate, and performing hole machining operation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of drilling the hole in the fiber-reinforced composite material comprises the steps of: in step S1, the ultrasonic vibration assisting device includes an upper coil and a lower coil of the electromagnetic induction coil, and a horn installed at the milling cutter of the cutter, the ultrasonic vibration frequency and the ultrasonic vibration amplitude are preset, and the horn is used to apply high-frequency vibration to the milling cutter.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of drilling the hole in the fiber-reinforced composite material comprises the steps of: the revolution eccentricity of the cutter is smaller than the radius of the cutter, and the aperture to be processed is larger than one time of the diameter of the cutter and smaller than two times of the diameter of the cutter.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of drilling the hole in the fiber-reinforced composite material comprises the steps of: in step S2, the abrasive grains of the cutting tool move along a three-dimensional spiral curve with sinusoidal vibration under the driving of the ultrasonic vibration assisting device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111299362.1A CN113910360A (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2021-11-04 | Fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111299362.1A CN113910360A (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2021-11-04 | Fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method |
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| CN113910360A true CN113910360A (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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| CN202111299362.1A Pending CN113910360A (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2021-11-04 | Fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115179344A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-14 | 东莞市雅康精密机械有限公司 | Method for designing cam trace of pole piece cutter |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101537512A (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2009-09-23 | 天津大学 | Method for helically milling hole and device thereof |
| CN106077774A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of ultrasonic helical milling device and processing method |
| CN107442873A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2017-12-08 | 清华大学 | A kind of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary screw milling screw method |
| CN109227704A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-18 | 四川明日宇航工业有限责任公司 | A kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite |
| CN112589881A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-04-02 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Carbon fiber ultrasonic vibration auxiliary cutting system |
-
2021
- 2021-11-04 CN CN202111299362.1A patent/CN113910360A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101537512A (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2009-09-23 | 天津大学 | Method for helically milling hole and device thereof |
| CN106077774A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of ultrasonic helical milling device and processing method |
| CN107442873A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2017-12-08 | 清华大学 | A kind of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary screw milling screw method |
| CN109227704A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-18 | 四川明日宇航工业有限责任公司 | A kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite |
| CN112589881A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-04-02 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Carbon fiber ultrasonic vibration auxiliary cutting system |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115179344A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-14 | 东莞市雅康精密机械有限公司 | Method for designing cam trace of pole piece cutter |
| CN115179344B (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-07-25 | 东莞市雅康精密机械有限公司 | Design method for cam trace of pole piece cutter |
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