CN113909887A - Gear shaft assembling mechanism and assembling method suitable for manufacturing industrial Internet of things - Google Patents
Gear shaft assembling mechanism and assembling method suitable for manufacturing industrial Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN113909887A CN113909887A CN202111307710.5A CN202111307710A CN113909887A CN 113909887 A CN113909887 A CN 113909887A CN 202111307710 A CN202111307710 A CN 202111307710A CN 113909887 A CN113909887 A CN 113909887A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
- B23P21/004—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units passing two or more work-stations whilst being composed
- B23P21/006—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units passing two or more work-stations whilst being composed the conveying means comprising a rotating table
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
- B23P19/006—Holding or positioning the article in front of the applying tool
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gear shaft assembling mechanism and method suitable for manufacturing an industrial Internet of things, wherein the gear shaft assembling mechanism comprises a transmission mechanism used for transmitting speed reducer parts; a jig mounted on the transfer mechanism; the jig is provided with a shaft hole; the functional component is arranged along the transmission path of the speed reducer shell; the functional part comprises a first feeding device, a second feeding device and a third feeding device which are sequentially arranged; the first feeding device is used for placing a gear shaft into the shaft hole; the second feeding device is used for placing the reducer shell on the jig and realizing the assembly of the gear shaft and the reducer shell in the shaft hole; and the third feeding device is used for assembling a gear shaft which is partially positioned on the outer side of the speed reducer shell on the speed reducer shell. The assembling method is realized based on the mechanism. The technical scheme that this scheme of adoption provided not only is convenient for realize the reduction gear intelligence and makes, is convenient for realize the reduction gear simultaneously and makes the high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of assembly of speed reducers, in particular to a gear shaft assembly mechanism and an assembly method suitable for manufacturing of an industrial Internet of things.
Background
With the continuous improvement of sensing technology, control technology, informatization technology, processing technology and assembly technology, intelligent and automatic assembly line becomes an important industrial production mode.
For example, the internet of things smart gas system and the internet of things smart water service system are well integrated into smart city construction. The intelligent gas meter and the water meter of the Internet of things are used as important components of the system, are different from the traditional metering components, and need a built-in power system in specific design to match management control requirements. In the corresponding table body form design, the applicant previously proposed a gas meter electromechanical valve scheme as described in application number CN201220463732.0, in which a power system is proposed that uses a motor as a power source, and uses power output by the motor as power for driving a seal ring cap to move linearly through a gearbox including multiple gears and an incomplete gear, and by using the scheme, the problems of electromechanical valve volume, stalling, reliability, response speed, and the like can be effectively solved.
The gearbox is an important part in the watch body, and because the gearbox adopts a multistage transmission working mode in structural design, relatively complicated procedures are assembly of a gear shaft on the gearbox and assembly of gears in the assembling process of the gearbox. Technical scheme for CN201610776524.9 provides the, this scheme has the assembly difficulty, causes human discomfort, production efficiency low scheduling problem easily to manual assembly gear shaft, has proposed one kind and has utilized delivery track transmission water gauge shell, utilizes vibration dish cooperation hose output gear shaft, and will in the through-hole of fixed block is carried to the gear shaft, then through the mode of roof pressure, realizes the technical scheme that the gear shaft was fixed a position on the water gauge shell. The scheme specifically relates to a specific assembling method of the gear shaft and a structural foundation corresponding to the method.
The process and the equipment capable of realizing intelligent manufacturing of the speed reducer for the gas meter and the water meter are provided, and the process and the equipment have important promotion significance to the development of the industry undoubtedly.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem that the process and the corresponding equipment capable of realizing intelligent manufacturing of the speed reducer for the gas meter and the water meter have important significance for promoting the development of the industry undoubtedly, the invention provides a gear shaft assembling mechanism and an assembling method suitable for manufacturing of the industrial Internet of things. The technical scheme that this scheme of adoption provided not only is convenient for realize the reduction gear intelligence and makes, is convenient for realize the reduction gear simultaneously and makes the high efficiency.
Aiming at the problems, the gear shaft assembling mechanism and the assembling method suitable for manufacturing the industrial internet of things provided by the invention solve the problems through the following technical key points: the gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing the industrial Internet of things comprises a transmission mechanism used for transmitting speed reducer parts;
a jig mounted on the transfer mechanism;
the jig is provided with a shaft hole for accommodating the gear shaft, the opening of the shaft hole is upward, and the depth of the shaft hole is smaller than the length of the gear shaft;
the functional component is arranged along the transmission path of the speed reducer shell;
along the movement direction of the speed reducer shell, the functional part comprises a first feeding device, a second feeding device and a third feeding device which are sequentially arranged;
the first feeding device is used for placing a gear shaft to be assembled to the inner side of the speed reducer shell into the shaft hole;
the second feeding device is used for placing the reducer shell on the jig and realizing the assembly of the gear shaft and the reducer shell in the shaft hole;
and the third feeding device is used for assembling a gear shaft which is partially positioned on the outer side of the speed reducer shell on the speed reducer shell.
In the prior art, a reducer for a gas meter and a water meter generally adopts a multi-stage reduction structure in consideration of the volume miniaturization design and the actual transmission power. Therefore, in the specific structure of the speed reducer, a plurality of gear shafts are generally arranged on the inner side of the speed reducer for mounting transmission gears, the speed reducer further comprises an output shaft serving as the speed reducer, and the technical scheme of adopting gears for realizing the connection of the output shaft and the rear valve core also appears, so that the output shaft is actually a gear shaft. As described above, in the output end of the reducer, if the reducer cover is used as the mounting base of the gear shaft at the end, on the mounting base, a plurality of gear shafts located inside the reducer casing and a single gear shaft located partially outside the reducer are generally required to be arranged, and both ends of the gear shaft located inside the reducer casing are generally constrained on the reducer casing, so that the end positions of the gear shafts are relatively close to or consistent at any axial position of the gear shafts.
Meanwhile, in the prior art, the industrial internet of things technology is continuously integrated into each link of industrial production by virtue of the advantages of effectively improving the manufacturing efficiency, improving the product quality, reducing the manufacturing cost and resource consumption and the like. The key technology of the industrial internet of things comprises a perception control technology, a sensing communication technology, a network technology, a management platform system integration technology, an information processing technology, a cloud platform technology, an information security technology and the like, wherein the perception control technology can be regarded as the integral front end or the bottom layer of the industrial internet of things, various devices of a perception control layer are in communication connection with the management platform through the sensing communication technology, and transmit collected data to the management platform and execute action instructions. Therefore, in order to realize the intelligentization of the assembly of the speed reducer, the specific assembly process design of the speed reducer taking the sensing control layer as the bearing body is one of key technologies. . This scheme provides the technical scheme who not only is convenient for realize that the reduction gear intelligence is made to the structural feature of above reduction gear, is convenient for simultaneously realize that the reduction gear makes the high efficiency.
When in specific use, the assembly is realized by adopting the following steps:
s1, transferring the jig to an operation station of a first feeding device by the transfer mechanism, and placing a gear shaft to be assembled to the inner side of the speed reducer shell into the shaft hole through the first feeding device;
s2, transferring the jig to an operation station of a second feeding device by the transfer mechanism, and moving the reducer shell through the second feeding device to complete the assembly of the gear shaft in the shaft hole and the reducer shell;
s3, transferring the jig to an operation station of a third feeding device through the transfer mechanism, and assembling a gear shaft which is partially positioned on the outer side of the speed reducer shell on the speed reducer shell through the third feeding device.
Namely: after step S1 is performed, a gear shaft having an upper end exposed outside the shaft hole is provided in the shaft hole of the jig, and the gear shaft is a gear shaft to be assembled inside the reducer case; when step S2 is performed, the exposed part of the upper end of the gear shaft is used as the insertion end of the gear shaft which can be inserted into the reducer casing when step S2 is performed, and after step S2 is performed, the assembly of the inner portion of the reducer or all the gear shafts is completed; after step S3 is performed, the assembly of the reducer outer gear shaft is completed.
Different from the prior art, the scheme is based on the structural characteristics of the speed reducer, the jig is switched among different stations by using the transmission mechanism, the jig is matched with the jig to restrain a gear shaft below the speed reducer shell in the assembling process, the embedding of a lower gear shaft into the speed reducer shell is completed from bottom to top (the gear shaft on the jig moves upwards from the lower direction of the speed reducer shell to complete the assembling on the speed reducer shell) and the embedding of an upper gear shaft on the speed reducer shell is completed from top to bottom (the gear shaft above the speed reducer shell moves downwards from the upper direction of the speed reducer shell to complete the assembling on the speed reducer shell) in the subsequent stations, and the overturning of the speed reducer shell is not required in the whole process, so that the scheme is favorable for realizing the efficient assembling of the speed reducer; in the aspect of process point control, the corresponding first feeding device, the second feeding device and the third feeding device can be mechanical arms, and intelligent and automatic assembly of the speed reducer is facilitated under the combined action of a sensor-based sensing control platform, a sensing network platform for signal transmission and a management platform for realizing automatic control.
As a person skilled in the art, the gear shaft located locally outside the reducer casing may be an output shaft of the reducer, and thus, the locally is a shaft section located outside the reducer casing; it is also possible for the T-shaft to be inserted from the outside of the gear housing to the inside during assembly, so that the part is the end section located outside the gear housing.
As a further technical scheme of the gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial Internet of things:
for guaranteeing that the mechanism executes assembly and is orderly carried out and the assembly quality of the speed reducer is guaranteed, the mechanism is set as follows: the functional part also comprises a shaft detection device arranged between the first feeding device and the second feeding device;
the shaft detection device is used for detecting the placing condition of the gear shaft in the shaft hole. As described above, the conventional reducer casing generally includes a plurality of gear shafts, and in order to facilitate assembly efficiency, the work station of the first feeding device is preferably configured to complete assembly of all the gear shafts located inside the reducer in step S1, and the assembly is performed orderly to ensure that all the gear shafts of this type are successfully assembled, and considering a failure rate caused by an effective transmission problem, an effective clamping problem, and the like due to a small size of the gear shaft in the implementation of an automatic assembly process, the failure rate of this process point is relatively high. Therefore, the shaft detection device is arranged in the scheme, and the purposes of guiding the execution of fault removal action, differential transmission of subsequently obtained assemblies and the like are achieved by timely judging the implementation condition of the step S1. In specific implementation, the shaft detection device may employ a sensor, such as: optical fiber sensors, image recognition systems, detection devices based on contact sensing, and the like.
As described above, the present mechanism has many functional components, and considering that the assembly of the gear shaft of the reducer is only one of the processes in the manufacturing process of the reducer, as a technical solution capable of reducing the space occupation of the present mechanism, the present mechanism is configured as follows: the transfer mechanism comprises a turntable;
the rotating center of the turntable is also provided with a through hole;
the mounting table is supported above the turntable through a support, and the through hole is used as a channel for the support to penetrate through the turntable;
the first feeding device, the second feeding device and the third feeding device are all arranged on the outer side of the rotary table;
the shaft detection device is installed on the installation table. Among the prior art, for the controllable precision of transfer mechanism turned angle of carousel is high, through setting up to including through-hole, support and mount table for functional unit can be concentrated relatively arranges around the carousel and carousel top, thereby reaches the great problem of requirement carousel size of avoiding adopting traditional functional unit to arrange the mode and bring in the carousel outside.
After stopping as a kind of transmission mechanism single, can utilize a plurality of anchor clamps to carry out synchronous operation to a plurality of tool positions to further improve gear shaft assembly efficiency's technical scheme, set up to: the number of the jigs is multiple;
on the transmission track of the jigs, all the jigs are distributed at equal intervals;
the arrangement mode of the functional components corresponds to the distribution mode of the jig: after the movement of the jig is stopped, each functional part can simultaneously carry out corresponding gear shaft placing operation, reducer shell placing operation and gear shaft placing operation on three adjacent jigs. In this scheme, set up to on the transmission orbit of tool, each tool equidistance distributes, can realize that the carousel single rotation stops the back, and next tool replaces the position that tool was located earlier, and each functional unit all can carry out relevant operation.
As introduced above, as a technical scheme for completing the assembly of the gear shaft and the reducer shell which are all positioned at the inner side of the reducer at one time, the technical scheme is as follows: the number of the shaft holes on the jig is equal to that of the gear shafts on the inner side of the reducer shell;
the relative position of the shaft hole is consistent with the relative position of the gear shaft inside the reducer shell.
In the above-described operation flow, only one-sided constraint of the gear shaft is actually completed for assembling the gear shaft located inside the speed reducer, and as an assembly body that can be obtained under the action of the third feeding device, the gear shaft located inside can be turned over in a manner that the cantilever end faces upward, for example, the accurate positioning between the end and other components of the speed reducer housing (e.g., another speed reducer cover) is completed in a static manner that the bottom side of the speed reducer cover is supported, so that the problems of high positioning difficulty and poor precision of other components caused by the gear shaft shaking relative to the speed reducer housing are avoided, and the operation flow is set as follows: the functional component also comprises a turnover device, and the turnover device is arranged at the rear side of the third feeding device;
the turnover device is used for performing pulling-out operation, turnover operation and moving operation on the following assembly body;
the assembly body is obtained on a corresponding jig after being operated by a third feeding device;
the pulling-out operation is to pull out the assembly body from the jig, the overturning operation is to overturn the assembly body by 180 degrees, and the moving operation is to remove the assembly body from the assembly mechanism. When the tool is specifically implemented, the manipulator provided with the clamp can be used for completing the operation, and the design of a split type turnover device can also be adopted, namely, on two stations, the previous station carries out turnover action and is placed on the original tool, and after the tool moves to the next station, the tool carries out upward movement and translation on the subsequent station.
As a technical scheme who is convenient for process out high dimensional accuracy shaft hole, set up to: the shaft hole is the part of pore on the tool: the hole is provided with a hole bottom, and the hole bottom is provided with an embedded part embedded in the hole. In the scheme, the shaft hole is formed by drilling the hole channel and then embedding the insert, and the insert can be processed in an open environment independently of the jig, so that the hole bottom can be perpendicular to the axis of the through hole as far as possible by controlling and guaranteeing the processing precision of the insert. Thus, after the step S1 is completed, the parallelism between the gear shaft and the shaft hole can be effectively guaranteed, and the step S2 is favorably executed. Further, in consideration of the feasibility or the reduction of the failure rate in step S2, it is preferable that the jig further has positioning bosses protruding outward from the upper end of the jig by more than 1, the upper end of each positioning boss has a guide tip, and the positioning bosses have dimensions satisfying: in the execution process of the step S2, the positioning boss is contacted with the reducer casing before the gear shaft, so that the center is used to guide the reducer casing to move along the axis of the gear shaft, thereby realizing the deviation correction of the reducer casing during the movement process. The number of the positioning bosses is limited, so that the speed reducer shell can pass through the section where the tip is located, and the positioning bosses can realize rotation prevention restraint on the speed reducer shell. Further, the step S2 is configured to be decomposed into a first action and a second action when the gear shaft is assembled with the reducer housing, where the first action is: positioning of the shell and the tip of the speed reducer is realized, and then the shell of the speed reducer is released, so that the shell of the speed reducer has a freedom degree foundation for realizing automatic deviation rectification by using the tip; and secondly, after the speed reducer shell is sleeved with the positioning boss and finishes the first action, applying pressure to the speed reducer shell to realize the matching of the gear shaft and the speed reducer shell.
For protection this mechanism and reduction gear part, set up to: the functional part also comprises a detection sensor arranged in front of the first feeding device;
the detection sensor is used for detecting whether the jig is provided with a speed reducer shell or not. This scheme is actually carrying out gear shaft assembly step when implementing step S1, and the mounting hole of corresponding gear shaft on the reduction gear casing sets up to the blind hole more, and this scheme sets up the detection sensor, through after the detection sensor accomplishes the detection, can guarantee not place reduction gear casing on corresponding tool when gear shaft assembly step is implemented, like this, can effectively ensure the security of reduction gear part and mechanism functional unit itself in the assembling process.
In order to make this mechanism be applicable to the reduction gear assembly of different structural style or size, set up: the jig is detachably arranged on the transmission mechanism;
for make this mechanism when the gear shaft puts into the trouble in the shaft hole appearing, can accomplish fast through the mode that blows of gear shaft on the tool blow off, put into the action and prepare for the gear shaft of next time programming, set up to: the shaft hole is matched with an air passage with an outlet end positioned at the bottom of the shaft hole;
the gas source is connected with the inlet end of the gas path and is used for injecting compressed gas into the gas path;
for the surface that makes the tool can assist the positioning of reduction gear casing, promote gear shaft assembly quality, set up to: the top of the jig is provided with a plane for supporting the reducer shell, and the orifice of the shaft hole is positioned on the plane;
as mentioned above, because this scheme adopts the face support mode to the restraint of reduction gear housing, and considers that the cooperation of gear shaft and last mounting hole of reduction gear housing can set up to interference fit as required, so the action process of gear shaft embedding reduction gear housing probably needs to exert certain pressure to the reduction gear lid, under this condition, in order to lift down the reduction gear lid by this tool on, set up to:
the air hole is used as a pressure equalizing hole between the gap between the reducer shell and the plane and the outside.
The scheme also discloses a gear shaft assembling method suitable for manufacturing of the industrial Internet of things, which is based on the gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial Internet of things;
the method comprises the following steps which are carried out in sequence:
s1, transferring the jig to an operation station of a first feeding device by the transfer mechanism, and placing a gear shaft to be assembled to the inner side of the speed reducer shell into the shaft hole through the first feeding device;
s2, transferring the jig to an operation station of a second feeding device by the transfer mechanism, and moving the reducer shell through the second feeding device to complete the assembly of the gear shaft in the shaft hole and the reducer shell;
s3, transferring the jig to an operation station of a third feeding device through the transfer mechanism, and assembling a gear shaft which is partially positioned on the outer side of the speed reducer shell on the speed reducer shell through the third feeding device. The method is an assembly method of the gear shaft on the speed reducer and the speed reducer shell, and by adopting the scheme, not only can the assembly efficiency of the speed reducer be ensured, but also the intelligent and automatic assembly of the speed reducer can be conveniently realized.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
different from the prior art, the scheme is based on the structural characteristics of the speed reducer, the jig is switched among different stations by using the transmission mechanism, the jig is matched with the jig to restrain a gear shaft below the speed reducer shell in the assembling process, embedding of the gear shaft at the bottom side of the speed reducer shell is completed from top to bottom in subsequent stations, and embedding of the gear shaft at the upper side to the speed reducer shell is completed from bottom to top, so that the speed reducer does not need to be overturned in the whole process, and the scheme is favorable for realizing efficient assembling of the speed reducer; in the aspect of process point control, the corresponding first feeding device, the second feeding device and the third feeding device can be mechanical arms, and intelligent and automatic assembly of the speed reducer is facilitated under the combined action of a sensor-based sensing control platform, a sensing network platform for signal transmission and a management platform for realizing automatic control.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a specific embodiment of a gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of an industrial internet of things according to the scheme;
fig. 2 is a sectional view of a jig in one embodiment of the gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things according to the scheme;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a jig in one embodiment of the gear shaft assembling mechanism for manufacturing the industrial internet of things in the present scheme;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a turnover device in one specific embodiment of the gear shaft assembling mechanism applicable to manufacturing of the industrial internet of things.
The reference numbers in the drawings are respectively: 1. the automatic loading device comprises an installation table, 2, a rotary table, 3, a jig, 31, shaft holes, 32, a speed reducer cover, 33, a positioning boss, 34, air holes, 35, a positioning hole, 4, a detection sensor, 5, a first loading device, 6, a shaft detection device, 7, a second loading device, 8, a third loading device, 9, a turnover device, 91, a lifting device, 92, a rotating device, 93 and a clamp.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples:
example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things comprises a transmission mechanism for transmitting reducer parts;
a jig 3 mounted on the transfer mechanism;
the jig 3 is provided with a shaft hole 31 for accommodating a gear shaft, the opening of the shaft hole 31 faces upwards, and the depth of the shaft hole 31 is smaller than the length of the gear shaft;
the functional component is arranged along the transmission path of the speed reducer shell;
along the movement direction of the speed reducer shell, the functional part comprises a first feeding device 5, a second feeding device 7 and a third feeding device 8 which are sequentially arranged;
the first feeding device 5 is used for placing a gear shaft to be assembled to the inner side of the reducer shell into the shaft hole 31;
the second feeding device 7 is used for placing a reducer shell on the jig 3 and realizing the assembly of a gear shaft and the reducer shell in the shaft hole 31;
and the third feeding device 8 is used for assembling a gear shaft which is partially positioned on the outer side of the speed reducer shell on the speed reducer shell.
In the prior art, a reducer for a gas meter and a water meter generally adopts a multi-stage reduction structure in consideration of the volume miniaturization design and the actual transmission power. Therefore, in the specific structure of the speed reducer, a plurality of gear shafts are generally arranged on the inner side of the speed reducer for mounting transmission gears, the speed reducer further comprises an output shaft serving as the speed reducer, and the technical scheme of adopting gears for realizing the connection of the output shaft and the rear valve core also appears, so that the output shaft is actually a gear shaft. As described above, in the output end of the reducer, for example, the reducer cover 32 is used as the mounting base of the gear shaft, on the mounting base, a plurality of gear shafts located inside the reducer casing and a single gear shaft partially located outside the reducer are generally required, and both ends of the gear shaft located inside the reducer casing are generally constrained on the reducer casing, so that the end positions of the gear shafts are relatively close to or consistent at any axial position of the gear shafts.
This scheme provides the technical scheme who not only is convenient for realize that the reduction gear intelligence is made to the structural feature of above reduction gear, is convenient for simultaneously realize that the reduction gear makes the high efficiency.
When in specific use, the assembly is realized by adopting the following steps:
s1, transferring the jig 3 to an operation station of the first feeding device 5 by the transfer mechanism, and putting a gear shaft to be assembled to the inner side of the reducer shell into the shaft hole 31 through the first feeding device 5;
s2, transferring the jig 3 to an operation station of a second feeding device 7 by the transfer mechanism, and moving the reducer shell through the second feeding device 7 to complete the assembly of the gear shaft and the reducer shell in the shaft hole 31;
s3, transferring the jig 3 to an operation station of a third feeding device 8 through the transfer mechanism, and assembling a gear shaft which is partially positioned on the outer side of the speed reducer shell on the speed reducer shell through the third feeding device 8.
Namely: after step S1 is performed, the shaft hole 31 of the jig 3 has a gear shaft whose upper end is exposed outside the shaft hole 31, and the gear shaft is a gear shaft to be assembled inside the reducer case; when step S2 is performed, the exposed part of the upper end of the gear shaft is used as the insertion end of the gear shaft which can be inserted into the reducer casing when step S2 is performed, and after step S2 is performed, the assembly of the inner portion of the reducer or all the gear shafts is completed; after step S3 is performed, the assembly of the reducer outer gear shaft is completed.
Different from the prior art, the scheme is based on the structural characteristics of the speed reducer, the jig 3 is switched among different stations by using the transmission mechanism, the jig 3 is matched to finish restraining the gear shaft below the speed reducer shell in the assembling process, and then the embedding of the lower gear shaft into the speed reducer shell is finished from bottom to top (the gear shaft on the jig moves upwards from the lower direction of the speed reducer shell to finish the assembling on the speed reducer shell) and the embedding of the upper gear shaft on the speed reducer shell is finished from top to bottom (the gear shaft above the speed reducer shell moves downwards from the upper direction of the speed reducer shell to finish the assembling on the speed reducer shell) at the subsequent stations; in the aspect of process point control, the corresponding first feeding device 5, the second feeding device 7 and the third feeding device 8 can be mechanical arms, and intelligent and automatic assembly of the speed reducer can be conveniently realized under the combined action of a sensing control platform based on a sensor, a sensing network platform aiming at signal transmission and a management platform for realizing automatic control.
Example 2:
this example was further refined and optimized on the basis of example 1:
for guaranteeing that the mechanism executes assembly and is orderly carried out and the assembly quality of the speed reducer is guaranteed, the mechanism is set as follows: the functional part also comprises a shaft detection device 6 arranged between the first feeding device 5 and the second feeding device 7;
the shaft detection device 6 is used for detecting the insertion condition of the gear shaft in the shaft hole 31. As described above, the conventional reducer casing generally includes a plurality of gear shafts, and in order to facilitate assembly efficiency, the work station of the first feeding device 5 is preferably set to complete assembly of all the gear shafts located inside the reducer in step S1, and the assembly is performed orderly to ensure that all the gear shafts of this type are successfully assembled, and considering the failure rate caused by effective transmission problems, effective clamping problems, and the like due to the small size of the gear shafts in the implementation of the automated assembly process, the failure rate of this process point is relatively high. Therefore, the shaft detection device 6 is arranged in the scheme, and the purposes of guiding the execution of fault removal action, differential transmission of subsequently obtained assemblies and the like are achieved by timely judging the implementation condition of the step S1. In specific implementation, the shaft detection device 6 may be a sensor, such as: optical fiber sensors, image recognition systems, detection devices based on contact sensing, and the like.
As described above, the present mechanism has many functional components, and considering that the assembly of the gear shaft of the reducer is only one of the processes in the manufacturing process of the reducer, as a technical solution capable of reducing the space occupation of the present mechanism, the present mechanism is configured as follows: the transmission mechanism comprises a rotary table 2;
the rotating center of the turntable 2 is also provided with a through hole;
the mounting table 1 is supported above the turntable 2 through a support, and the through hole is used as a channel for the support to penetrate through the turntable 2;
the first feeding device 5, the second feeding device 7 and the third feeding device 8 are all arranged on the outer side of the turntable 2;
the shaft detection device 6 is mounted on the mounting table 1. Among the prior art, for the controllable precision of transfer mechanism turned angle of carousel 2 is high, through setting up to including through-hole, support and mount table 1 for the functional unit can be concentrated relatively arranges around carousel 2 and 2 tops of carousel, thereby reaches and avoids adopting the great problem of requirement carousel 2 size that traditional functional unit arranged the mode and brought in the 2 outsides of carousel.
Example 3:
this example was further refined and optimized on the basis of example 1:
after stopping as a kind of transmission mechanism single, can utilize a plurality of anchor clamps to carry out synchronous operation to a plurality of tool 3 positions to further improve gear shaft assembly efficiency's technical scheme, set up to: a plurality of the jigs 3 are provided;
on the transmission track of the jigs 3, all the jigs 3 are distributed at equal intervals;
the arrangement mode of the functional components corresponds to the distribution mode of the jig 3: after the movement of the jigs 3 is stopped, each functional component can simultaneously perform corresponding gear shaft placing operation, reducer casing placing operation, and gear shaft placing operation on the three adjacent jigs 3. In this scheme, set up to on the transmission orbit of tool 3, each tool 3 equidistance distributes, can realize 2 single rotations of carousel and stop the back, next tool 3 replaces the position that tool 3 was located earlier, and each functional unit all can carry out relevant operation.
Example 4:
this example was further refined and optimized on the basis of example 1:
as introduced above, as a technical scheme for completing the assembly of the gear shaft and the reducer shell which are all positioned at the inner side of the reducer at one time, the technical scheme is as follows: the number of the shaft holes 31 on the jig 3 is equal to that of the gear shafts on the inner side of the reducer shell;
the relative position of the shaft hole 31 coincides with the relative position of the gear shaft inside the reducer case.
In the above-described operation flow, only one-sided constraint of the gear shaft is actually completed for assembling the gear shaft inside the speed reducer, and as an assembly body that can be obtained under the action of the third feeding device 8, the gear shaft inside can be turned over, so that the gear shaft inside can be accurately positioned with the cantilever end facing upward, for example, the accurate positioning between the end and other components of the speed reducer housing (such as another speed reducer cover 32) is completed in a static manner that the bottom side of the speed reducer cover 32 is supported, thereby avoiding the problems of difficult positioning and poor precision with other components caused by the gear shaft shaking relative to the speed reducer housing, and setting as follows: the functional part further comprises a turnover device 9, and the turnover device 9 is arranged on the rear side of the third feeding device 8;
the overturning device 9 is used for performing pulling-out operation, overturning operation and moving operation on the following assembly body;
the assembly body is obtained on the corresponding jig 3 after being operated by the third feeding device 8;
the pulling-out operation is to pull out the assembly body from the jig 3, the overturning operation is to overturn the assembly body by 180 degrees, and the moving operation is to remove the assembly body from the assembly mechanism. During the specific implementation, the operation can be completed by adopting the manipulator on which the clamp is arranged, and the design of the split-type turnover device 9 can also be adopted, namely, on two stations, the prior station executes the turnover action and is placed on the original jig 3, and after the jig 3 moves to the next station, the later station executes the upward movement and the translation.
Example 5:
this example was further refined and optimized on the basis of example 1:
as a technical scheme convenient for processing the high-dimensional-precision shaft hole 31, the method comprises the following steps: the shaft hole 31 is a part of a hole channel on the jig 3: the hole is characterized by further comprising an insert embedded in the hole, and the end face of the insert provides a hole bottom for the shaft hole 31. In the scheme, the shaft hole 31 is formed by drilling a pore channel and then embedding the insert, and the insert can be processed in an open environment independently of the jig 3, so that the hole bottom can be perpendicular to the axis of the through hole as far as possible by controlling and guaranteeing the processing precision of the insert. Thus, after the step S1 is completed, the parallelism between the gear shaft and the shaft hole 31 can be effectively ensured, which is beneficial to executing the step S2. Further, in consideration of the feasibility or the reduction of the failure rate of step S2, it is preferable that the jig 3 further has positioning bosses 33 protruding outward from the upper end of the jig 3 by more than 1, the upper end of each positioning boss 33 has a guide tip, and the positioning bosses 33 have the following dimensions: in the execution process of step S2, the positioning boss 33 contacts with the reducer housing before the gear shaft, so that the center guides the reducer housing to move along the axis of the gear shaft, thereby correcting the deviation of the reducer housing during the movement process. The number of the positioning bosses 33 is limited, so that after the reducer casing passes over the section where the tip is located, the positioning bosses 33 can realize anti-rotation constraint on the reducer casing. Further, the step S2 is configured to be decomposed into a first action and a second action when the gear shaft is assembled with the reducer housing, where the first action is: positioning of the shell and the tip of the speed reducer is realized, and then the shell of the speed reducer is released, so that the shell of the speed reducer has a freedom degree foundation for realizing automatic deviation rectification by using the tip; and secondly, after the speed reducer shell is sleeved into the positioning boss 33 and the first action is completed, applying pressure to the speed reducer shell to realize the matching of the gear shaft and the speed reducer shell.
Example 6:
this example was further refined and optimized on the basis of example 1:
for protection this mechanism and reduction gear part, set up to: the functional parts also comprise a detection sensor 4 arranged in front of the first feeding device 5;
the detection sensor 4 is used for detecting whether the jig 3 is provided with a speed reducer shell or not. This scheme is actually carrying out gear shaft assembly step when implementing step S1, and the mounting hole of corresponding gear shaft on the reduction gear casing sets up to the blind hole more, and this scheme sets up detection sensor 4, through detection sensor 4 accomplishes the back that detects, can guarantee not place reduction gear casing on corresponding tool 3 when gear shaft assembly step is implemented, like this, can effectively ensure the security of reduction gear part and mechanism functional unit itself in the assembling process.
Example 7:
this example was further refined and optimized on the basis of example 1:
in order to make this mechanism be applicable to the reduction gear assembly of different structural style or size, set up: the jig 3 is detachably arranged on the transmission mechanism;
for make this mechanism when the gear shaft puts into the trouble in the shaft hole 31 appearing, can accomplish fast through the mode of blowing out of gear shaft on the tool 3, put into the action and prepare for the gear shaft of next procedure, set up to: the shaft hole 31 is matched with an air passage with an outlet end positioned at the bottom of the shaft hole 31;
the gas source is connected with the inlet end of the gas path and is used for injecting compressed gas into the gas path;
for the surface that makes tool 3 can assist the positioning of reduction gear casing, promote gear shaft assembly quality, set up to: the top of the jig 3 is provided with a plane for supporting the reducer shell, and the orifice of the shaft hole 31 is positioned on the plane;
as mentioned above, because this scheme adopts the face support mode to the restraint of reduction gear housing, and considers that the cooperation of gear shaft and the last mounting hole of reduction gear housing can set up to interference fit as required, so the action process of gear shaft embedding reduction gear housing probably needs to exert certain pressure to reduction gear lid 32, under this condition, in order to lift down reduction gear lid 32 by this tool 3 on, sets up to:
the fixture further comprises an air hole 34 arranged on the fixture 3, the shaft hole 31 and the air hole 34 are symmetrical relative to the center of the fixture 3, and the air hole 34 is used as a pressure equalizing hole between the gap between the speed reducer shell and the plane and the outside.
Example 8:
the embodiment provides a gear shaft assembling method suitable for manufacturing of an industrial internet of things on the basis of embodiment 1, and the method is based on the gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things;
the method comprises the following steps which are carried out in sequence:
s1, transferring the jig 3 to an operation station of the first feeding device 5 by the transfer mechanism, and putting a gear shaft to be assembled to the inner side of the reducer shell into the shaft hole 31 through the first feeding device 5;
s2, transferring the jig 3 to an operation station of a second feeding device 7 by the transfer mechanism, and moving the reducer shell through the second feeding device 7 to complete the assembly of the gear shaft and the reducer shell in the shaft hole 31;
s3, transferring the jig 3 to an operation station of a third feeding device 8 through the transfer mechanism, and assembling a gear shaft which is partially positioned on the outer side of the speed reducer shell on the speed reducer shell through the third feeding device 8. The method is an assembly method of the gear shaft on the speed reducer and the speed reducer shell, and by adopting the scheme, not only can the assembly efficiency of the speed reducer be ensured, but also the intelligent and automatic assembly of the speed reducer can be conveniently realized.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the specific embodiments of the present invention be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, other embodiments that do not depart from the gist of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing the industrial Internet of things comprises a transmission mechanism used for transmitting speed reducer parts;
a jig (3) mounted on the transfer mechanism;
the jig (3) is provided with a shaft hole (31) for accommodating a gear shaft, the opening of the shaft hole (31) faces upwards, and the depth of the shaft hole (31) is smaller than the length of the gear shaft;
the functional component is arranged along the transmission path of the speed reducer shell;
the device is characterized in that along the movement direction of the shell of the speed reducer, the functional component comprises a first feeding device (5), a second feeding device (7) and a third feeding device (8) which are sequentially arranged;
the first feeding device (5) is used for placing a gear shaft to be assembled to the inner side of the speed reducer shell into the shaft hole (31);
the second feeding device (7) is used for placing a reducer shell on the jig (3) and realizing the assembly of a gear shaft and the reducer shell in the shaft hole (31);
and the third feeding device (8) is used for assembling a gear shaft which is partially positioned outside the reducer shell on the reducer shell.
2. The gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the functional component further comprises a shaft detecting device (6) arranged between the first feeding device (5) and the second feeding device (7);
the shaft detection device (6) is used for detecting the placing condition of the gear shaft in the shaft hole (31).
3. The gear shaft assembly mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things as claimed in claim 2, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a turntable (2);
the rotating center of the turntable (2) is also provided with a through hole;
the mounting platform (1) is supported above the turntable (2) through a support, and the through hole is used as a channel for the support to penetrate through the turntable (2);
the first feeding device (5), the second feeding device (7) and the third feeding device (8) are all arranged on the outer side of the turntable (2);
the shaft detection device (6) is installed on the installation table (1).
4. The gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things is characterized in that the number of the jigs (3) is multiple;
on the transmission track of the jigs (3), all the jigs (3) are distributed at equal intervals;
the arrangement mode of the functional components corresponds to the distribution mode of the jig (3): after the movement of the jigs (3) is stopped, each functional component can simultaneously carry out corresponding gear shaft placing operation, reducer shell placing operation and gear shaft placing operation on three adjacent jigs (3).
5. The gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things is characterized in that the number of the shaft holes (31) on the jig (3) is equal to the number of the gear shafts on the inner side of the reducer shell;
the relative position of the shaft hole (31) is consistent with the relative position of the gear shaft inside the reducer shell.
6. The gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the functional component further comprises a turnover device (9), the turnover device (9) is arranged at the rear side of the third feeding device (8);
the overturning device (9) is used for performing pulling-out operation, overturning operation and moving operation on the following assembly body;
the assembly body is obtained on the corresponding jig (3) after being operated by the third feeding device (8);
the pulling-out operation is to pull out the assembly body from a jig (3), the overturning operation is to overturn the assembly body by 180 degrees, and the moving operation is to remove the assembly body from the assembly mechanism.
7. The gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shaft hole (31) is a part of a hole channel on the jig (3): the hole is characterized by further comprising an insert embedded in the hole, and the end face of the insert provides a hole bottom for the shaft hole (31).
8. The gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the functional component further comprises a detection sensor (4) arranged in front of the first feeding device (5);
the detection sensor (4) is used for detecting whether the jig (3) is provided with a speed reducer shell or not.
9. The gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the jig (3) is detachably mounted on a transmission mechanism;
the shaft hole (31) is matched with an air passage of which the outlet end is positioned at the bottom of the shaft hole (31);
the gas source is connected with the inlet end of the gas path and is used for injecting compressed gas into the gas path;
the top of the jig (3) is provided with a plane for supporting the reducer shell, and the orifice of the shaft hole (31) is positioned on the plane;
the fixture is characterized by further comprising air holes (34) formed in the fixture (3), the shaft holes (31) and the air holes (34) are symmetrical relative to the center of the fixture (3), and the air holes (34) are used as pressure equalizing holes between the gap between the speed reducer shell and the plane and the outside.
10. The gear shaft assembling method suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things is characterized in that the method is based on the gear shaft assembling mechanism suitable for manufacturing of the industrial internet of things in any one of claims 1 to 9;
the method comprises the following steps which are carried out in sequence:
s1, transferring the jig (3) to an operation station of a first feeding device (5) by the transfer mechanism, and putting a gear shaft assembled to the inner side of the reducer shell into the shaft hole (31) through the first feeding device (5);
s2, transferring the jig (3) to an operation station of a second feeding device (7) by the transfer mechanism, and moving the reducer shell through the second feeding device (7) to complete the assembly of the gear shaft and the reducer shell in the shaft hole (31);
s3, transferring the jig (3) to an operation station of a third feeding device (8) through the transfer mechanism, and assembling a gear shaft which is partially positioned on the outer side of the speed reducer shell to the speed reducer shell through the third feeding device (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111307710.5A CN113909887A (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Gear shaft assembling mechanism and assembling method suitable for manufacturing industrial Internet of things |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111307710.5A CN113909887A (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Gear shaft assembling mechanism and assembling method suitable for manufacturing industrial Internet of things |
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| CN113909887A true CN113909887A (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20220111 |