CN113909730B - Assembly welding process method of groined type framework - Google Patents
Assembly welding process method of groined type framework Download PDFInfo
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- CN113909730B CN113909730B CN202111335820.2A CN202111335820A CN113909730B CN 113909730 B CN113909730 B CN 113909730B CN 202111335820 A CN202111335820 A CN 202111335820A CN 113909730 B CN113909730 B CN 113909730B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
- B23K37/0443—Jigs
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Abstract
The invention discloses an assembly welding process method of a groined type framework, which comprises the following steps: step A, assembling and welding an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a vertical plate, a rib plate and a support part of the side beam to form the side beam after welding, welding and repairing the side beam, machining after welding and repairing, preprocessing a rotating arm positioning seat of the side beam during machining, and using three processed surfaces X, Y, Z in three directions as a framework assembling reference of the next process; step B, the traction pull rod seat and the anti-side-rolling torsion rod seat part on the cross beam are processed in advance, and are assembled with the cross beam pipe together after being processed, so that the cross beam is formed, the positioning of each hole is carried out by taking the pre-processed size hole as a reference during assembly, adjustment and repair are carried out after welding, and the reference during adjustment and repair is the traction pull rod seat; and step C, performing groined frame assembly on the cross beam with qualified trimming size and the processed side beam by using a clamp.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of assembly welding of railway passenger car bogies, in particular to an assembly welding process method of a groined type framework.
Background
At present, in the traditional framework assembly welding process, transverse and side beams are independently assembled and welded, the sizes are corrected through a regulating and repairing procedure after assembly welding, after correction, the sizes are qualified through detection, framework assembly is carried out, then framework welding is carried out, after tolerance accumulation of the transverse beam, the side beam and the framework assembly and welding, a large amount of regulating and repairing work is often required to be carried out on the framework to ensure framework machining, the problem that a series of processes are not controlled is brought, the sizes are guaranteed to depend on regulation and repair, and irrecoverable risks can be caused to the qualification of final products once the local sizes cannot be corrected through regulation and repair;
therefore, in view of the above problems, it is highly desirable to provide a method for assembling and welding a well-shaped frame.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the assembling and welding process method of the # -shaped framework, which can accurately position the cross beam and the side beam of the framework, adopts a clamp to realize accurate positioning by utilizing the processing surfaces of the cross beam and the side beam, and greatly improves the welding quality compared with the welding surface positioning adopted by the same type of products.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses an assembly welding process method of a groined type framework, which comprises the following steps:
the two side beams are welded at two ends of the cross beam and are used for forming a groined structure with the two cross beams;
the assembling and welding process method of the groined type framework comprises the following steps:
step A, assembling and welding an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a vertical plate, a rib plate and a support part of the side beam, so as to form the side beam after welding, welding and repairing the side beam, machining after welding and repairing, preprocessing a rotating arm positioning seat of the side beam during machining, and taking a preprocessed X, Y, Z three-direction machining surface as a next process framework assembling benchmark;
step B, the traction pull rod seat and the anti-side-rolling torsion rod seat part on the crossbeam are processed in advance, and are assembled with the crossbeam pipe together after being processed, so that the crossbeam is formed, the positioning of each hole during assembly takes the pre-processed size hole as a reference, adjustment and repair are carried out after welding, and the reference during adjustment and repair is the traction pull rod seat;
and C, performing groined frame assembly on the cross beam and the processed side beam after the adjustment and repair of the sizes are qualified by using a clamp.
Further, the clamp comprises a base station for bearing the groined type framework, a side beam pressing mechanism, a side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism, a side beam support positioning mechanism, a cross beam pipe positioning mechanism, a traction pull rod positioning mechanism and a side beam inner side auxiliary support;
the middle part of the base station is fixedly connected with the beam pipe positioning mechanism, the traction pull rod positioning mechanism and the side beam inner side auxiliary support along the two sides of the Y axis;
the two sides of the base station are fixedly connected with the side beam pressing mechanism, the side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism and the side beam support positioning mechanism;
the crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism is used for supporting a crossbeam pipe of the crossbeam, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the top of the crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism, a crossbeam supporting bolt is arranged in the arc-shaped groove, a connecting rod capable of lifting is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped groove, a knob for positioning the connecting rod is arranged on the side part of the crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism, the crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism of the crossbeam is detachably connected with a second pressing plate corresponding to the top end of the arc-shaped groove, and the middle part of the second pressing plate is rotatably connected with a second compression compensation plate for contacting with the crossbeam pipe of the crossbeam;
the top of the traction pull rod positioning mechanism is provided with an eighth positioning pin which can be inserted into the positioning hole of the cross beam in the horizontal direction;
the upper part of the side beam support positioning mechanism is connected with a positioning block in a sliding mode, the upper part of the positioning block is fixedly connected with a horizontally placed cylindrical part, the axis of the cylindrical part is parallel to the displacement direction of the positioning block, one side of the positioning block is fixedly connected with a positioning seat, the other side of the positioning block is provided with a vertical plate, a second puller bolt is connected onto the vertical plate in a threaded mode, one side of the side beam support positioning mechanism is provided with a slideway stop block for stopping the displacement of the positioning block, and the upper surface, located on the slideway stop side, of the side beam support positioning mechanism is connected with a sixth positioning pin in a plugging mode;
the top of the side beam pressing mechanism is provided with a square groove, two side walls of the square groove are in threaded connection with first tightening bolts, the top of the square groove is detachably connected with a first pressing plate, the middle of the first pressing plate is rotatably connected with a first pressing compensation plate used for being in contact with the side beam, and one side of the side beam pressing mechanism is provided with a positioning stop which can extend into the bottom of the square groove;
and one side of the auxiliary positioning mechanism of the side beam is connected with an overturning support through three-axis rotation and is locked by a fourth positioning pin, and the overturning support is provided with a second puller bolt in threaded connection with the top end of the overturning support.
Further, performing step C using the jig;
and C, performing: the cross beam is hung in the clamp, a cross beam pipe of the cross beam falls into the cross beam pipe positioning mechanism and is positioned and supported by the cross beam supporting bolt, after both ends of the cross beam fall into the clamp, the knob is rotated to extrude the connecting rod, so that the connecting rod is lifted or descended, the height dimension of the cross beam is adjusted, the eighth positioning pin in the traction pull rod positioning mechanism is inserted into the cross beam positioning hole, and the second pressing plate and the second pressing compensation plate are adopted to press the cross beam pipe of the cross beam;
step C: sliding out the positioning block, stopping the displacement of the positioning block through the slide way stop and limiting the displacement stroke of the positioning block, hanging the side beam into a clamp, enabling the side beam rotary arm positioning seat to fall into a positioning position in the side beam support positioning mechanism, positioning the X, Z shaft in two directions by using the cylindrical part of the positioning block, and positioning the Y shaft in a Y-axis direction by using the side surface of the positioning seat;
the side beam rotating arm positioning seat is subjected to primary processing after the side beam is assembled and welded, a primary processing surface is used as a framework assembly datum, after the positioning block slides out, a sixth positioning pin is inserted after the positioning block is confirmed to be tightly attached, the second puller bolt and the first puller bolt are pulled tightly, and the positioned cross beam is detected by using a positioning stop;
step C: turning up the turning support, inserting a fourth positioning pin to lock the turning angle, and tightening the second jacking bolt to the side part of the side beam;
step C: detecting and adjusting the size, namely checking the size of the side beam, marking up a positioning stop, detecting whether the positioning stop interferes with the side beam or not, and detecting the size of each part on the cross beam from the center of the frame;
step C: and (5) compressing the second pressing plate and the first pressing plate, rechecking the size, and welding.
Furthermore, the side beam pressing mechanism is provided with a device main body, the bottom of the device main body is fixedly connected with the base station, the top of the device main body is provided with the square groove, and one side of the device main body is provided with the positioning stop.
Furthermore, the side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism is provided with a body fixedly connected with the base station, one side of the body is rotatably connected with the overturning support through the three shafts, and the fourth positioning pin is inserted between the body and the overturning support.
Furthermore, the side beam support positioning mechanism is provided with a third base fixedly connected with the base station, and the third base is connected with the positioning block in a sliding manner through a sliding way.
Further, crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism have with base station fixed connection's base plate, the base plate top is formed with the arc recess, the knob is installed to base plate one side, the base plate is located arc recess diapire cartridge has the connecting rod that can go up and down, the connecting rod top has linked firmly the bracing piece, the connecting rod bottom has the spring that drives its reset, the connecting rod lateral wall be formed with the inclined plane for with the knob contact.
Furthermore, the traction pull rod positioning mechanism is provided with a supporting plate fixedly connected with the base station, the top end of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a positioning base, one side of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and the eighth positioning pin is inserted on the horizontal axis of the connecting plate.
Furthermore, the auxiliary support on the inner side of the side beam is provided with a positioning seat, the positioning seat is fixedly connected with a supporting arm, and the top end of the supporting arm is fixedly connected with a positioning baffle.
In the technical scheme, the assembling and welding process method of the groined type framework, provided by the invention, has the beneficial effects that:
1) The positioning is accurate, the precision is high, the fixture is adopted to realize the accurate positioning of the processing surfaces of the cross beam and the side beam, and compared with the welding surface positioning adopted by the same type of products, the welding quality is greatly improved;
2) The side beam pressing mechanism integrates the functions of positioning, pressing, mistake proofing and the like, and adopts a brand-new pressing structure aiming at the distortion and deformation of the side beam, so that the welding quality is further improved;
3) The side beam support positioning mechanism is characterized in that a positioning block is positioned by a cylindrical part, so that the measurement positioning precision is effectively ensured, and the lower part of the side beam is inspected by a fifth positioning pin, so that the part which cannot be observed, namely the gap between the side beam positioning seat and the round bar, can be visualized;
4) Carry out the framework through anchor clamps and to right, not only can reduce the group to the error, still possess certain shape ability of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events, reduce the postweld volume of transferring, further improved welding quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an assembly welding fixture for a framework in the shape of a Chinese character jing disclosed in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a side beam hold-down mechanism of an assembly welding fixture for a framework in the shape of a Chinese character jing disclosed in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of an auxiliary positioning mechanism for a side beam of an assembly welding fixture for a framework in the shape of a Chinese character jing disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a positioning mechanism for a side beam support of an assembly welding fixture for a framework in the shape of a Chinese character jing disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a cross beam tube positioning mechanism of an assembly welding fixture for a framework in the shape of a Chinese character jing disclosed in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a cross beam tube positioning mechanism of an assembly welding fixture for a framework in the shape of a Chinese character jing disclosed in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a traction link positioning mechanism of an assembly welding fixture for a framework in the shape of a Chinese character jing disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 8 is an isometric view of an auxiliary support on the inside of a side beam of an assembly and welding fixture for a framework in the shape of a Chinese character jing disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the assembling and welding process of the groined frame disclosed by the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a base station;
2. a connecting plate;
3. a side beam hold-down mechanism; 3-1, a first base; 3-2, a device body; 3-3, a first connecting rope; 3-4, a first positioning pin; 3-5, positioning a stop; 3-6, a nut; 3-7, positioning bolts; 3-8, first puller bolts; 3-9, a clamp spring; 3-10, a shaft; 3-11, a first pressing plate; 3-12, a first compression compensation plate; 3-13, a first bolt; 3-14, a first nut; 3-15, a gasket; 3-16, a second nut; 3-17, a second positioning pin; 3-18, a third positioning pin; 3-19, two axes; 3-20, a chute; 3-21, ribs;
4. a side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism; 4-1, a second base; 4-2, reinforcing bars; 4-3, a body; 4-, tri-axial; 4-5, overturning and supporting; 4-6, second puller bolts; 4-7, a fourth positioning pin;
5. a side beam support positioning mechanism; 5-1, a third base; 5-2, a slideway; 5-3, a second bolt; 5-4, positioning blocks; 5-5, second puller bolts; 5-6, a fifth positioning pin; 5-7, a positioning seat; 5-8, a sixth positioning pin; 5-9, a slideway stop; 5-10 parts of a stop seat;
6. a beam tube positioning mechanism; 6-1 and a fourth base; 6-2, a substrate; 6-3, a support rod; 6-4, beam support bolts; 6-5, four-axis; 6-6, a second pressing plate; 6-7, a second compression compensation plate; 6-8, a third bolt; 6-9, a fourth bolt; 6-10, a knob; 6-11, connecting rod; 6-12, a spring;
7. a traction pull rod positioning mechanism; 7-1 and a fifth base; 7-2, a second connecting rope; 7-3, cushion blocks; 7-4, a seventh positioning pin; 7-5, a third pressing plate; 7-6, a fifth bolt; 7-7, a nut; 7-8, an eighth positioning pin; 7-9, positioning the supporting rod; 7-10, positioning a base;
8. auxiliary support at the inner side of the side beam; 8-1, five shafts; 8-2, a clamp spring; 8-3, positioning seats; 8-4, a support arm; 8-5, positioning a baffle plate; 8-6 and a ninth positioning pin.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-9;
the invention discloses an assembly welding process method of a groined type framework, wherein the groined type framework comprises the following steps:
the two side beams are arranged in parallel, and are welded at the two ends of the cross beam and used for forming a groined structure with the two cross beams;
the assembling and welding process method of the groined framework comprises the following steps:
step A, assembling and welding an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a vertical plate, a rib plate and a support part of the side beam to form the side beam after welding, welding and repairing the side beam, machining after welding and repairing, preprocessing a rotating arm positioning seat of the side beam during machining, and using three processed surfaces X, Y, Z in three directions as a framework assembling reference of the next process;
step B, pre-processing a traction pull rod seat and an anti-side-rolling torsion rod seat part on the cross beam, and assembling the traction pull rod seat and the anti-side-rolling torsion rod seat part together with the cross beam pipe after the pre-processing, so that the cross beam is formed, wherein the positioning of each hole during the assembling is carried out by taking a pre-processed size hole as a reference, and the adjustment and the repair are carried out after welding, and the reference during the adjustment and the repair is the traction pull rod seat;
and C, performing groined framework assembly on the cross beam with qualified trimming size and the processed side beam by using a clamp.
As shown in fig. 9, the specific process flow is side beam material inspection, side beam one-step assembly welding, side beam two-step welding, side beam adjustment and repair, side beam processing, synchronous, cross beam material inspection, cross beam assembly, cross beam welding, cross beam adjustment and repair, and frame-frame welding and frame processing formed by cross beam and side beam assembly;
as shown in fig. 1;
preferably, the clamp comprises a base station 1 for bearing the groined framework, a side beam pressing mechanism 3, a side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism 4, a side beam support positioning mechanism 5, a cross beam pipe positioning mechanism 6, a traction pull rod positioning mechanism 7 and a side beam inner side auxiliary support 8;
two ends of the base station 1 are fixedly connected with connecting plates 2 and are connected with an external equipment positioner through the connecting plates 2;
a crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism 6, a traction pull rod positioning mechanism 7 and a side beam inner side auxiliary support 8 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the middle part of the base station along the Y axis;
two sides of the base station are fixedly connected with a side beam pressing mechanism 3, a side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism 4 and a side beam support positioning mechanism 5;
the crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism 6 is used for supporting a crossbeam pipe of a crossbeam, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the top of the crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism 6, a crossbeam support bolt 6-4 is arranged in the arc-shaped groove, a connecting rod 6-11 capable of lifting is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped groove, a knob 6-10 for positioning the connecting rod 6-11 is arranged on the side part of the crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism 6, the crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism 6 of the crossbeam is detachably connected with a second pressing plate 6-6 corresponding to the top end of the arc-shaped groove, and a second compression compensation plate 6-7 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the second pressing plate 6-6 and is used for contacting with the crossbeam pipe of the crossbeam;
the top of the traction pull rod positioning mechanism 7 is provided with an eighth positioning pin 7-8 which can be inserted into the positioning hole of the cross beam in the horizontal direction;
the upper part of the side beam support positioning mechanism 5 is connected with a positioning block 5-4 in a sliding mode, the upper part of the positioning block 5-4 is fixedly connected with a horizontally placed cylindrical part, the axis of the cylindrical part is parallel to the displacement direction of the positioning block 5-4, one side of the positioning block 5-4 is fixedly connected with a positioning seat 5-7, the other side of the positioning block 5-4 is provided with a vertical plate, a second puller bolt 5-5 is connected onto the vertical plate in a threaded mode, one side of the side beam support positioning mechanism 5 is provided with a slideway stop 5-9 for stopping the displacement of the positioning block 5-4, and the upper surface, located on the slideway stop 5-9 side, of the side beam support positioning mechanism 5 is connected with a sixth positioning pin 5-8 in a plugging mode;
the top of the side beam pressing mechanism 3 is provided with a square groove, two side walls of the square groove are in threaded connection with first tightening bolts 3-8, the top of the square groove is detachably connected with first pressing plates 3-11, the middle parts of the first pressing plates 3-11 are rotatably connected with first pressing compensation plates 3-12 and used for being in contact with the side beam, and one side of the side beam pressing mechanism 3 is provided with a positioning stop 3-5 which can extend into the bottom of the square groove;
the compression first pressing plates 3-11 and the compression compensation plates 3-12 can rotate relatively, and the side beam upper cover plate is inclined to a certain extent due to welding deformation in the process of single assembly welding, so that the common flat plate type compression cannot realize area contact with an inclined plane.
One side of the side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism 4 is rotatably connected with an overturning support 4-5 through a three shaft 4-4, the overturning angle of the overturning support 4-5 is locked through a fourth positioning pin 4-7, and the top end of the overturning support 4-5 is in threaded connection with a second puller bolt 4-6.
Preferably, step C is performed using a jig;
step C.1: a cross beam is hung in a clamp, a cross beam pipe of the cross beam falls into a cross beam pipe positioning mechanism 6, positioning support is carried out by means of a cross beam support bolt 6-4, after two ends of the cross beam fall into the clamp, a knob 6-10 is rotated to extrude a connecting rod 6-11, so that the connecting rod 6-11 is lifted or descended, the height dimension of the cross beam is adjusted, and therefore the height dimension of a cross beam part is adjusted, an eighth positioning pin 7-8 in a traction pull rod positioning mechanism 7 is inserted into a cross beam positioning hole, and a second pressing plate 6-6 and a second pressing compensation plate 6-7 are adopted to press the cross beam pipe of the cross beam; the device can effectively compress round pipe structures, and has the functions of ensuring the assembly size and preventing welding deformation.
Step C.2: sliding out the positioning block 5-4, stopping the displacement of the positioning block 5-4 through a slideway stopper 5-9, limiting the displacement stroke of the positioning block 5-4, hanging the side beam into a clamp, enabling the side beam rotary arm positioning seat to fall into a positioning position in the side beam support positioning mechanism 5, positioning the two directions of a X, Z shaft by using a cylindrical part of the positioning block 5-4, and positioning the side face of the positioning block 5-7 in the Y-axis direction;
the side beam rotating arm positioning seat is processed for one time after the side beam is assembled and welded, a processing surface for one time is used as a framework assembling benchmark, after a positioning block 5-4 slides out, a sixth positioning pin 5-8 is inserted after the positioning fitting is confirmed to be tight, a second puller bolt 5-5 and a first puller bolt 3-8 are pulled tightly, a positioned cross beam is detected by utilizing a positioning stop 3-5, and through the positioning stop 3-5, the side beam processing size can be checked for incoming materials, the clamp stability can be checked, and if the size changes, the detection can be found in time.
Step C.3: turning up the turning support 4-5, inserting a fourth positioning pin 4-7 to lock the turning angle, and passing through the side part of the side beam of the second puller bolt 4-6;
step C.4: size detection and adjustment, namely checking the size of the side beam, marking the positioning stop 3-5, detecting whether the positioning stop interferes with the side beam, detecting the size of each part on the cross beam from the center of the frame, adjusting the size of the Z axis if necessary, rotating a knob 6-10 to drive a connecting rod 11 to ascend/descend for adjustment, and adjusting the size of the X axis by utilizing a cross beam supporting bolt 6-4.
Step C.5: and (4) pressing 6-6 parts of the second pressing plate and 3-11 parts of the first pressing plate tightly, rechecking the size, and welding.
As shown in fig. 2;
preferably, the side beam pressing mechanism 3 is provided with a device body 3-2, the bottom of the device body 3-2 is fixedly connected with the base station 1, a square groove is formed at the top of the device body 3-2, and one side of the device body 3-2 is provided with a positioning stop 3-5.
Specifically, the side beam pressing mechanism 3 comprises a first base 3-1, a device main body 3-2, a first connecting rope 3-3, a first positioning pin 3-4, a positioning stop 3-5, a nut 3-6, a positioning bolt 3-7, a first puller bolt 3-8, a clamp spring 3-9, a shaft 3-10, a first pressing plate 3-11, a first pressing compensation plate 3-12, a first bolt 3-13, a first nut 3-14, a gasket 3-15, a second nut 3-16, a second positioning pin 3-17, a third positioning pin 3-18, a second shaft 3-19, a sliding groove 3-20 and a rib 3-21;
the bottom of a device main body 3-2 is fixedly connected with a base station 1 through a first base 3-1, one side of the device main body 3-2 is connected with a positioning stop 3-5 in a sliding mode, the positioning stop 3-5 is provided with a first positioning pin 3-4, the first positioning pin 3-4 is connected with the device main body 3-2 through a first connecting rope 3-3, a third positioning pin 3-18 is further arranged on the positioning stop 3-5, the positioning stop 3-5 is fixedly connected with a sliding chute 3-20 arranged on the device main body 3-2 through the third positioning pin 3-18, one side of the device main body 3-2 is connected with a connecting plate in a rotating mode through a second shaft 3-19, the position of the connecting plate is fixedly connected through a second positioning pin 3-17, a first bolt 3-13 is arranged on the upper portion of the connecting plate, the first bolt 3-13 is connected with a first pressure plate 3-11 through a first nut 3-14 and a gasket 3-15, wherein the other side of the device main body 3-2 is provided with a fixing plate, the fixing plate and the connecting plate and the device main body 3-2 form a square groove, the top end of the fixing plate is connected with the first pressure plate 3-2 through a first bolt 3-10, the first pressure plate 3-11 through a screw thread 3-7, the screw thread, a top screw thread 7 is connected with a second positioning screw 7, a second positioning screw 8, a second screw 7 is arranged on the fixing plate 3-6, and a screw 7 screw is arranged on the fixing plate 3-6;
as shown in fig. 3;
preferably, the side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism 4 is provided with a 4-3 body fixedly connected with the base platform 1, one side of the body 4-3 is rotatably connected with a turning support 4-5 through a three shaft 4-4, and a fourth positioning pin 4-7 is inserted between the body 4-3 and the turning support 4-5.
Specifically, the side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism 4 comprises a body 4-3, the bottom of the body 4-3 is fixedly connected with a base station 1 through a second base 4-1, a rib 4-2 is fixedly connected with the connecting position of the body 4-3 and the second base 4-1, one end of the body 4-3 is rotatably connected with a turnover support 4-5 through a three shaft 4-4, a fourth positioning pin 4-7 is inserted above the displacement three shaft 4-4 of the turnover support 4-5, and the top end of the turnover support 4-5 is in threaded connection with a second puller bolt 4-6;
as shown in fig. 4;
preferably, the side beam support positioning mechanism 5 is provided with a third base 5-1 fixedly connected with the base platform 1, and the third base 5-1 is connected with a positioning block 5-4 in a sliding manner through a sliding way 5-2.
Specifically, the side beam support positioning mechanism 5 comprises a third base 5-1, a slideway 5-2, a second bolt 5-3, a positioning block 5-4, a second puller bolt 5-5, a fifth positioning pin 5-6, a positioning seat 5-7, a sixth positioning pin 5-8 and a slideway backstop 5-9; 5-10 parts of a stop seat;
the lower part of a third base 5-1 is fixedly connected with a base station 1, the upper part of the third base 5-1 is connected with a sliding block in a sliding manner through a slide way 5-2, the sliding block is fixedly connected with a positioning plate through a second bolt 5-3, the positioning plate is fixedly connected with a positioning block 5-4, the upper part of the positioning block 5-4 is fixedly connected with a horizontally placed cylindrical part, the cylindrical part is parallel to the displacement direction of the positioning block 5-4, the positioning plate is fixedly connected with a positioning seat 5-7 at the tail end of the positioning block 5-4, the positioning seat 5-7 and the cylindrical part are uniformly provided with the second bolt 5-3 and a fifth positioning pin 5-6, the side of the positioning block 5-4, which is far away from the positioning seat 5-7, is provided with a vertical plate, and the vertical plate is in threaded connection with a second puller bolt 5-5, wherein the end, 5-7, of the third base 5-1, which is fixedly connected with a stop seat 5-10, the slide way stop 5-9 is fixedly connected with the stop seat 5-10, the positioning plate is connected with a sixth positioning pin 5-8, the stop seat 5-10 is provided with a shaft hole matched with the sixth positioning pin 5-8, and the positioning plate is connected with the stop seat 5-10 in a through hole;
see FIGS. 5-6;
preferably, the beam tube positioning mechanism 6 is provided with a base plate 6-2 fixedly connected with the base platform 1, an arc-shaped groove is formed at the top end of the base plate 6-2, a knob 6-10 is installed at one side of the base plate 6-2, a connecting rod 6-11 capable of lifting is inserted into the bottom wall of the arc-shaped groove of the base plate 6-2, the top end of the connecting rod 6-11 is fixedly connected with a supporting rod 6-3, a spring 6-12 for driving the connecting rod 6-11 to reset is arranged at the bottom of the connecting rod 6-11, and an inclined surface is formed on the side wall of the connecting rod 6-11 and used for being in contact with the knob 6-10.
Specifically, referring to the figure, the cross beam pipe positioning mechanism 6 comprises a fourth base 6-1, a base plate 6-2, a support rod 6-3, a cross beam support bolt 6-4, a four shaft 6-5, a second pressure plate 6-6, a second compression compensation plate 6-7, a third bolt 6-8, a fourth bolt 6-9, a knob 6-10, a connecting rod 6-11 and a spring 6-12;
the bottom of a base plate 6-2 is fixedly connected with a base station 1 through a fourth base 6-1, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the top of the base plate 6-2, the bottom of the arc-shaped groove is fixedly connected with a cover plate through a fourth bolt 6-9, the cover plate is provided with a through hole through which a supporting rod 6-3 can extend, the arc-shaped groove is located on two sides of the supporting rod 6-3 and fixedly connected with a cross beam supporting bolt 6-4, a slot is formed in the base plate 6-2, a connecting rod 6-11 is inserted into the slot, the connecting rod 6-11 is in contact with the fourth base 6-1 through a spring 6-12, the spring 6-12 is a compression spring, the supporting rod 6-3 is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting rod 6-11, the supporting rod 6-3 is reset through the spring 6-12 by extending the supporting connecting rod 6-11, a knob 6-10 is in threaded connection with the side wall of the base plate 6-2, and the side wall of the connecting rod 6-11 is pressed through the end of the knob 6-10;
one end of the top of the base plate 6-2 is rotatably connected with a second pressing plate 6-6 through a four-shaft 6-5, the middle of the second pressing plate 6-6 is rotatably connected with a second compression compensation plate 6-7, the other end of the top of the base plate 6-2 is provided with a third bolt 6-8, and the third bolt 6-8 is matched with a nut to fix the second pressing plate 6-6;
as shown in fig. 7;
preferably, the traction pull rod positioning mechanism 7 is provided with a supporting plate fixedly connected with the base station 1, the top end of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a positioning base 7-10, one side of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and an eighth positioning pin 7-8 is inserted on a horizontal axis of the connecting plate.
Specifically, the traction pull rod positioning mechanism 7 comprises a fifth base 7-1, a second connecting rope 7-2, a cushion block 7-3, a seventh positioning pin 7-4, a third pressing plate 7-5, a fifth bolt 7-6, a nut 7-7, an eighth positioning pin 7-8, a positioning support rod 7-9 and a positioning base 7-10;
the bottom end of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the base station 1 through a fifth base 7-1, the top end of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a positioning base 7-10, one end of the positioning base 7-10 is provided with a positioning supporting rod 7-9, the other end of the positioning base is provided with a fifth bolt 7-6, a third pressing plate 7-5 is sleeved outside the fifth bolt 7-6, the fifth bolt 7-6 locks the third pressing plate 7-5 through a nut 7-7, one side of the supporting plate is connected with a seventh positioning pin 7-4 through a second connecting rope 7-2, and the top end of the other side of the supporting plate is inserted with an eighth positioning pin 7-8 in the horizontal axis direction through a connecting plate;
as shown in fig. 8;
preferably, the auxiliary support 8 on the inner side of the side beam is provided with a positioning seat 8-3, the positioning seat 8-3 is fixedly connected with a supporting arm 8-4, and the top end of the supporting arm 8-4 is fixedly connected with a positioning baffle 8-5.
Specifically, the auxiliary support 8 on the inner side of the side beam comprises a positioning seat 8-3 with an ear plate, the ear plate is fixedly connected with a supporting arm 8-4 through a five shaft 8-1 and a ninth positioning pin 8-6, the tail end of the five shaft 8-1 is provided with a clamp spring 8-2, and the supporting arm 8-4 is fixedly connected with a positioning baffle 8-5.
In the technical scheme, the assembling and welding process method of the groined type framework, provided by the invention, has the beneficial effects that:
1) The positioning is accurate, the precision is high, the fixture is adopted to realize the accurate positioning of the processing surfaces of the cross beam and the side beam, and compared with the welding surface positioning adopted by the same type of products, the welding quality is greatly improved;
2) The side beam pressing mechanism integrates the functions of positioning, pressing, mistake proofing and the like, and adopts a brand-new pressing structure aiming at the distortion and deformation of the side beam, so that the welding quality is further improved;
3) The positioning block of the side beam support positioning mechanism is positioned by the cylindrical part, so that the measurement positioning precision is effectively ensured, and the lower part of the side beam can be inspected by the fifth positioning pin, so that the part which cannot be observed, namely the gap between the side beam positioning seat and the round bar, can be visualized;
4) Carry out the framework through anchor clamps and to right, not only can reduce the group to the error, still possess certain shape ability of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events, reduce the postweld volume of transferring, further improved welding quality.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An assembly welding process method of a groined frame is characterized in that the groined frame comprises the following steps:
the two side beams are welded at two ends of the cross beam and are used for forming a groined structure with the two cross beams;
the assembling and welding process method of the groined type framework comprises the following steps:
step A, assembling and welding an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a vertical plate, a rib plate and a support part of the side beam, so as to form the side beam after welding, welding and repairing the side beam, machining after welding and repairing, preprocessing a rotating arm positioning seat of the side beam during machining, and taking a preprocessed X, Y, Z three-direction machining surface as a next process framework assembling benchmark;
step B, the traction pull rod seat and the anti-side-rolling torsion rod seat part on the crossbeam are processed in advance, and are assembled with the crossbeam pipe together after being processed, so that the crossbeam is formed, the positioning of each hole during assembly takes the pre-processed size hole as a reference, adjustment and repair are carried out after welding, and the reference during adjustment and repair is the traction pull rod seat;
c, performing groined framework assembly on the cross beam with qualified trimming size and the processed side beam by using a clamp;
the clamp comprises a base station (1) for bearing the groined framework, a side beam pressing mechanism (3), a side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism (4), a side beam support positioning mechanism (5), a cross beam pipe positioning mechanism (6), a traction pull rod positioning mechanism (7) and a side beam inner side auxiliary support (8);
the middle part of the base station (1) is fixedly connected with the beam pipe positioning mechanism (6), the traction pull rod positioning mechanism (7) and the side beam inner side auxiliary support (8) along two sides of a Y axis;
the two sides of the base station (1) are fixedly connected with the side beam pressing mechanism (3), the side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism (4) and the side beam support positioning mechanism (5);
the cross beam pipe positioning mechanism (6) is used for supporting a cross beam pipe of the cross beam, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the top of the cross beam pipe positioning mechanism (6), a cross beam supporting bolt (6-4) is installed in the arc-shaped groove, a connecting rod (6-11) capable of lifting is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped groove, a knob (6-10) for positioning the connecting rod (6-11) is installed on the side portion of the cross beam pipe positioning mechanism (6), the cross beam pipe positioning mechanism (6) of the cross beam is detachably connected with a second pressing plate (6-6) corresponding to the top end of the arc-shaped groove, and a second pressing compensation plate (6-7) is rotatably connected to the middle portion of the second pressing plate (6-6) and used for being in contact with the cross beam pipe of the cross beam;
the top of the traction pull rod positioning mechanism (7) is provided with an eighth positioning pin (7-8) which can be inserted into the positioning hole of the cross beam in the horizontal direction;
the upper part of the side beam support positioning mechanism (5) is connected with a positioning block (5-4) in a sliding mode, the upper part of the positioning block (5-4) is fixedly connected with a horizontally placed cylindrical part, the axis of the cylindrical part is parallel to the displacement direction of the positioning block (5-4), one side of the positioning block (5-4) is fixedly connected with a positioning seat (5-7), the other side of the positioning block (5-4) is provided with a vertical plate, a second puller bolt (5-5) is connected onto the vertical plate in a threaded mode, one side of the side beam support positioning mechanism (5) is provided with a slide stop (5-9) for stopping the displacement of the positioning block (5-4), and the upper surface, located on the side of the slide stop (5-9), of the side beam support positioning mechanism (5) is connected with a sixth positioning pin (5-8) in a plugging mode;
the top of the side beam pressing mechanism (3) is provided with a square groove, two side walls of the square groove are in threaded connection with first tightening bolts (3-8), the top of the square groove is detachably connected with first pressing plates (3-11), the middle of each first pressing plate (3-11) is rotatably connected with a first pressing compensation plate (3-12) and used for being in contact with the side beam, and one side of the side beam pressing mechanism (3) is provided with a positioning stop (3-5) which can extend into the bottom of the square groove;
one side of the side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism (4) is rotatably connected with a turnover support (4-5) through a three shaft (4-4), the turnover angle of the turnover support (4-5) is locked through a fourth positioning pin (4-7), and the top end of the turnover support (4-5) is in threaded connection with a second tightening bolt (4-6).
2. The assembling and welding process method of the groined frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein;
performing step C with the jig;
step C.1: the cross beam is hung in the clamp, the cross beam pipe of the cross beam falls into the cross beam pipe positioning mechanism (6), positioning and supporting are carried out by means of the cross beam supporting bolt (6-4), after the two ends of the cross beam fall into the clamp, the knob (6-10) is rotated to extrude the connecting rod (6-11), so that the connecting rod (6-11) is lifted or lowered, the height dimension of the cross beam is adjusted, the eighth positioning pin (7-8) in the traction pull rod positioning mechanism (7) is inserted into the cross beam positioning hole, and the cross beam pipe of the cross beam is pressed by adopting the second pressing plate (6-6) and the second pressing compensation plate (6-7);
step C.2: the positioning block
Sliding out, blocking the positioning blocks (5-4) from displacing and limiting the displacement stroke of the positioning blocks (5-4) through the slide way stoppers (5-9), hanging the side beams into a clamp, enabling the side beam rotary arm positioning seats to fall into the positioning positions of the side beam support positioning mechanisms (5), positioning the two directions of the X, Z shafts by using the cylindrical parts of the positioning blocks (5-4), and positioning the two directions of the Y shafts by using the side surfaces of the positioning seats (5-7);
the side beam rotating arm positioning seat is subjected to primary processing after the side beam is assembled and welded, a primary processing surface is used as a framework assembly datum, a positioning block (5-4) slides out, a sixth positioning pin (5-8) is inserted after the positioning and fitting are confirmed to be tight, the second puller bolt (5-5) and the first puller bolt (3-8) are pulled tightly, and the positioned cross beam is detected by using a positioning stop (3-5);
step C.3: turning up the turning support (4-5), inserting a fourth positioning pin (4-7) to lock the turning angle, and enabling the side part of the side beam to pass through the second puller bolt (4-6);
step C.4: detecting and adjusting the size, namely checking the size of the side beam, marking up a positioning stop (3-5), detecting whether the side beam interferes with the positioning stop, and detecting the size of each part on the cross beam from the center of the frame;
step C.5: and (5) pressing the second pressing plate (6-6) and the first pressing plate (3-11), rechecking the size, and welding.
3. The assembling and welding process method of the groined frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein;
the side beam pressing mechanism (3) is provided with a device main body (3-2), the bottom of the device main body (3-2) is fixedly connected with the base station (1), the top of the device main body (3-2) is provided with the square groove, and one side of the device main body (3-2) is provided with the positioning stop (3-5).
4. The assembling and welding process method of the groined frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein;
the side beam auxiliary positioning mechanism (4) is provided with a body (4-3) fixedly connected with the base platform (1), one side of the body (4-3) is rotatably connected with the overturning support (4-5) through the three shafts (4-4), and the fourth positioning pin (4-7) is inserted between the body (4-3) and the overturning support (4-5).
5. The assembling and welding process method of the groined frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein;
the side beam support positioning mechanism (5) is provided with a third base (5-1) fixedly connected with the base station (1), and the third base (5-1) is connected with the positioning block (5-4) in a sliding mode through a sliding way (5-2).
6. The assembling and welding process method of the groined frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein;
the crossbeam pipe positioning mechanism (6) is provided with a base plate (6-2) fixedly connected with the base platform (1), the top end of the base plate (6-2) is provided with the arc-shaped groove, one side of the base plate (6-2) is provided with a knob (6-10), the base plate (6-2) is positioned on the bottom wall of the arc-shaped groove and is inserted with the connecting rod (6-11) capable of lifting, the top end of the connecting rod (6-11) is fixedly connected with a supporting rod (6-3), the bottom of the connecting rod (6-11) is provided with a spring (6-12) for driving the connecting rod (6-11) to reset, and the side wall of the connecting rod (6-11) is provided with an inclined plane for contacting with the knob (6-10).
7. The assembling and welding process method of the groined frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein;
the traction pull rod positioning mechanism (7) is provided with a supporting plate fixedly connected with the base station (1), the top end of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a positioning base (7-10), one side of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and the eighth positioning pin (7-8) is inserted on the horizontal axis of the connecting plate.
8. The assembling and welding process method of the groined frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein;
the auxiliary support (8) on the inner side of the side beam is provided with a positioning seat (8-3), the positioning seat (8-3) is fixedly connected with a supporting arm (8-4), and the top end of the supporting arm (8-4) is fixedly connected with a positioning baffle (8-5).
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| CN202111335820.2A CN113909730B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Assembly welding process method of groined type framework |
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| CN202111335820.2A CN113909730B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Assembly welding process method of groined type framework |
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| JP2008055952A (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2008-03-13 | Tokyu Car Corp | Railroad vehicle truck structure and manufacturing method of the same |
| CN205273483U (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-06-01 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Power truck framework device |
| CN110883490A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-03-17 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Auxiliary tool for welding bogie beam tube assembly |
| CN110936044B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-10-08 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Assembly welding method for B-type subway vehicle frame |
| CN111774799A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-16 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Assembly tool for welding box beam inserting structure framework |
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