CN113908670A - Boiler flue gas treatment system and method based on wind energy - Google Patents
Boiler flue gas treatment system and method based on wind energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113908670A CN113908670A CN202111156662.4A CN202111156662A CN113908670A CN 113908670 A CN113908670 A CN 113908670A CN 202111156662 A CN202111156662 A CN 202111156662A CN 113908670 A CN113908670 A CN 113908670A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
- B01D53/326—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00 in electrochemical cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
Abstract
The invention discloses a boiler flue gas treatment system and a method based on wind energy, wherein the boiler flue gas treatment system based on the wind energy comprises a wind energy utilization module, a flue gas decarburization module and an electrolyte circulation module, a wind generating set converts the wind energy to generate electricity, a carbon dioxide electrolysis chamber is connected with a flue gas pretreatment chamber and a power distribution control module, carbon dioxide in the flue gas is electrolyzed and reduced through direct current to generate liquid-phase and gas-phase hydrocarbon fuel products, a gas-phase separation chamber is connected with a gas-phase outlet to separate carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and ethylene in a mixture, and the separated gas-phase products are discharged; the Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber is connected with the gas phase separation chamber so as to lead the separated carbon monoxide and hydrogen into the flow reaction tank for Fischer-Tropsch reaction to generate liquid-phase high hydrocarbon compounds, the liquid phase product separation chamber is connected with the liquid phase outlet, and formic acid, methanol and ethanol in the liquid phase hydrocarbon fuel product are separated to form liquid-phase products and electrolyte is separated and supplemented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power plant flue gas treatment, in particular to a boiler flue gas treatment system and method based on wind energy.
Background
The boiler flue gas has complex components and is rich in nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen, water vapor, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, dust and the like, wherein the sulfur oxides, the nitrogen oxides and the dust are main sources of air pollution, and the carbon dioxide is a main body of industrial carbon emission. In order to assist the environmental protection and control the atmospheric pollution, different components in the boiler flue gas need to be effectively treated and separated.
Taking a coal-fired boiler as an example, the mole fraction of carbon dioxide in flue gas is about 12%, and methods for separating carbon dioxide include an absorption method, an adsorption method, a cryogenic distillation method, a membrane separation method and the like, and carbon dioxide is mainly disposed by storing carbon dioxide in waste oil of a gas well, an underground aquifer and sea. These separation and disposal techniques do not really reduce carbon dioxide emissions, carbon dioxide stored in the ground or in water will also be released slowly, and these techniques face large transportation costs and complex systems.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a boiler flue gas treatment system and method based on wind energy. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy, which comprises a wind energy utilization module, a flue gas decarburization module and an electrolyte circulation module, wherein,
the wind energy utilization module includes:
a wind power generator set converting wind energy to generate electricity,
a power distribution control module electrically connected to the wind power generator,
the flue gas decarbonization module comprises:
a flue gas pretreatment chamber which is connected with a flue gas pipeline of the boiler to remove dust, sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas and increase the humidity of the flue gas,
a carbon dioxide electrolysis chamber connected to the flue gas pretreatment chamber and the power distribution control module for reducing carbon dioxide in the flue gas by direct current electrolysis to generate liquid-phase and gas-phase hydrocarbon fuel products, the carbon dioxide electrolysis chamber comprising a liquid-phase outlet for discharging the liquid-phase hydrocarbon fuel products and a gas-phase outlet for discharging a mixture comprising the gas-phase hydrocarbon fuel products,
a gas phase separation chamber connected to the gas phase outlet to separate carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and ethylene in the mixture and discharge the separated gas phase product;
a Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber which is connected with the gas phase separation chamber to lead the separated carbon monoxide and hydrogen into the flow reaction tank for Fischer-Tropsch reaction to generate liquid phase high hydrocarbon,
a first product storage chamber connecting the gas phase separation chamber and the Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber to store the carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and ethylene and the higher hydrocarbons,
the electrolyte circulation module includes:
the liquid phase product separation chamber is connected with the liquid phase outlet, and is used for separating formic acid, methanol and ethanol in the liquid phase hydrocarbon fuel product to form a liquid phase product and separating and supplementing electrolyte;
an electrolyte cooling circulation chamber connected to the liquid-phase product separation chamber to cool the circulating electrolyte;
a second production storage chamber connected to the liquid-phase product separation chamber to store the liquid-phase product.
In the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy, the power distribution control module comprises,
a circuit controller configured to control operation of the circuit,
an electricity storage group for storing electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the outside,
an inverter that converts direct current power into alternating current power,
and the distribution box is connected with the inverter to rectify and distribute the electric energy.
In the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy, the power storage group comprises a lithium battery pack.
In the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the carbon dioxide reduction chamber comprises an electro-catalytic reduction device formed by laminating a plurality of single electrolytic cells, each single electrolytic cell comprises,
an ion-exchange membrane is arranged on the membrane,
an anode on one side of the ion exchange membrane,
a cathode on the other side of the ion exchange membrane relative to the anode,
a liquid phase flow passage which is positioned at one side of the anode far away from the ion exchange membrane to circulate the electrolyte,
and the gas phase flow channel is positioned on one side of the cathode, which is far away from the ion exchange membrane, so as to circulate the flue gas.
In the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the anode is made of nickel or platinum, the ion exchange membrane is an anion, cation or bipolar membrane, and the cathode is porous carbon cloth or carbon fiber.
In the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the cathode is subjected to hydrophobic treatment on the side close to the gas phase flow channel, hydrophilic treatment is performed on the side close to the ion exchange membrane, catalyst nano particles are loaded on the side close to the ion exchange membrane, and the porosity of the cathode is gradually reduced from the side close to the gas phase flow channel to the side of the ion exchange membrane.
In the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the catalyst nanoparticles are nanoparticles of gold, silver, zinc, lead, indium, tin, bismuth, antimony, copper and alloys thereof, the nanoparticles are spherical with the diameter of 1-100nm, and the thickness of the cathode is 1-100 μm.
In the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy, the gas-phase flow channel and the liquid-phase flow channel are snakelike and crossed flow channels, the flow rate of the gas-phase flow channel is 20-100sccm, and the flow rate of the liquid-phase flow channel is 20-80 sccm.
In the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy, the electrolyte is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate, the concentration is 0.5-2mol/L, and the temperature of the circulating electrolyte at the inlet of the carbon dioxide reduction chamber is 5-15 ℃.
The processing method of the boiler flue gas processing system based on the wind energy comprises the following steps,
the wind energy generator set converts wind energy to generate electricity, one part of the electric energy is supplied to the carbon dioxide reduction chamber, the other part of the electric energy is converted into alternating current through the inverter and is distributed to a power supply line of the system through rectification of the distribution box, the circuit controller controls the circuit to operate, and the electricity storage set stores redundant electric energy and supplies the electric energy to the power supply line;
the flue gas is reduced into liquid phase and gas phase hydrocarbon fuel products by a gas phase flow passage in a carbon dioxide reduction chamber after the flue gas passes through a flue gas pretreatment chamber to remove dust, sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas and increase the humidity of the flue gas,
the mixture of the gas-phase hydrocarbon fuel products passes through a gas-phase separation chamber to separate carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and ethylene, the separated gas-phase products are discharged and stored in a first product storage chamber, wherein the carbon monoxide and the hydrogen enter a Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber to carry out Fischer-Tropsch reaction to generate liquid-phase high hydrocarbon,
and the liquid-phase hydrocarbon fuel product is separated from the formic acid, the methanol and the ethanol in the liquid-phase hydrocarbon fuel product through the liquid-phase separation chamber to form a liquid-phase product and is stored in the second product storage chamber, wherein the electrolyte in the liquid-phase separation chamber is recycled through the electrolyte cooling circulation chamber.
In the technical scheme, the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: the boiler flue gas treatment system and method based on wind energy realize effective utilization and storage of wind energy, pertinently treat dust, nitric oxide, oxysulfide, carbon dioxide and the like in the flue gas, realize resource utilization of the carbon dioxide through the carbon dioxide reduction chamber, store intermittent wind energy in hydrocarbon fuel in a stable chemical energy form, realize desulfurization, denitration and emission reduction of the flue gas in a real sense, and greatly reduce boiler pollutants and carbon emission.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a wind-based boiler flue gas treatment system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single electrolytic cell of one embodiment of a wind energy based boiler flue gas treatment system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and completely with reference to fig. 1 to 2 of the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, a wind-based boiler flue gas treatment system includes a wind energy utilization module, a flue gas decarbonization module, and an electrolyte circulation module, wherein,
the wind energy utilization module includes:
a wind turbine generator set 1 that converts wind energy to generate electricity,
a power distribution control module 2 electrically connected to the wind power generator,
the flue gas decarbonization module comprises:
a flue gas pretreatment chamber 4 which is connected with a flue gas pipeline of the boiler to remove dust, sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas and increase the humidity of the flue gas,
a carbon dioxide electrolysis chamber connected with the flue gas pretreatment chamber 4 and the power distribution control module 2, and used for electrolyzing and reducing carbon dioxide in the flue gas by direct current to generate liquid-phase and gas-phase hydrocarbon fuel products, wherein the carbon dioxide electrolysis chamber comprises a liquid-phase outlet for discharging the liquid-phase hydrocarbon fuel products and a gas-phase outlet for discharging a mixture comprising the gas-phase hydrocarbon fuel products,
a gas phase separation chamber 7 connected to the gas phase outlet to separate carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and ethylene in the mixture and discharge the separated gas phase product;
a Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber 9 which is connected with the gas phase separation chamber 7 so as to lead the separated carbon monoxide and hydrogen into the flow reaction tank for Fischer-Tropsch reaction to generate liquid phase high hydrocarbon,
a first product storage chamber 10 connecting the gas phase separation chamber 7 and the Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber 9 to store the carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and ethylene and the higher hydrocarbons,
the electrolyte circulation module includes:
the liquid phase product separation chamber is connected with the liquid phase outlet, and is used for separating formic acid, methanol and ethanol in the liquid phase hydrocarbon fuel product to form a liquid phase product and separating and supplementing electrolyte;
an electrolyte cooling circulation chamber connected to the liquid-phase product separation chamber to cool the circulating electrolyte;
a second production storage chamber connected to the liquid-phase product separation chamber to store the liquid-phase product.
In the preferred embodiment of the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy, the power distribution control module 2 comprises,
a circuit controller configured to control operation of the circuit,
an electricity storage group for storing electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the outside,
an inverter that converts direct current power into alternating current power,
and the distribution box is connected with the inverter to rectify and distribute the electric energy.
In a preferred embodiment of the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the power storage pack comprises a lithium battery pack.
In the preferred embodiment of the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5 comprises an electrocatalytic reduction device formed by laminating a plurality of single electrolytic cells, wherein each single electrolytic cell comprises,
the ion-exchange membrane 13 is a membrane having a membrane structure,
an anode 12 on the side of the ion exchange membrane 13,
a cathode 14 located on the other side of the ion exchange membrane 13 relative to the anode 12,
a liquid phase flow channel 11 located on one side of the anode 12 away from the ion exchange membrane 13 to circulate the electrolyte,
and the gas phase flow channel 15 is positioned on one side of the cathode 14 far away from the ion exchange membrane 13 so as to circulate the flue gas.
In the preferred embodiment of the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the anode 12 is made of nickel or platinum, the ion exchange membrane 13 is an anion, cation or bipolar membrane, and the cathode 14 is made of porous carbon cloth or carbon fiber.
In the preferred embodiment of the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the cathode 14 is subjected to hydrophobic treatment on the side close to the gas phase flow channel 15, hydrophilic treatment on the side close to the ion exchange membrane 13, catalyst nanoparticles are loaded on the side close to the ion exchange membrane 13, and the porosity of the cathode 14 decreases progressively from the side close to the gas phase flow channel 15 to the side of the ion exchange membrane 13.
In the preferred embodiment of the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the catalyst nanoparticles are gold, silver, zinc, lead, indium, tin, bismuth, antimony, copper and alloy nanoparticles, the nanoparticles are spherical with a diameter of 1-100nm, and the thickness of the cathode 14 is 1-100 μm.
In the preferred embodiment of the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy, the gas phase flow channel 15 and the liquid phase flow channel 11 are serpentine and crossed flow channels, the flow rate of the gas phase flow channel 15 is 20-100sccm, and the flow rate of the liquid phase flow channel 11 is 20-80 sccm.
In the preferred embodiment of the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the electrolyte is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate, and the concentration is 0.5-2 mol/L.
In one embodiment, a wind-based boiler flue gas treatment system includes a wind energy utilization module and a flue gas decarbonization module and an electrolyte circulation module. The wind energy utilization module includes:
a wind power generator set 1 for converting wind energy into electricity by mechanical work,
the power distribution control module 2 comprises a circuit controller for controlling the operation of a circuit, a lithium battery power storage group for storing redundant electric energy generated by a photovoltaic battery and supplying the electric energy to the outside, an inverter for converting direct current into alternating current and a power distribution box for rectifying and distributing the electric energy, the power distribution box is electrically connected with a power supply circuit of the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy,
the flue gas decarbonization module comprises:
the flue gas pretreatment chamber 4 is connected with a flue gas pipeline, and the interior of the flue gas pretreatment chamber is subjected to pretreatment such as filtration and spraying to remove dust, sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas and increase the humidity of the flue gas;
the carbon dioxide electrolysis chamber is connected with the flue gas discharged by the flue gas pretreatment chamber 4, reduces carbon dioxide through direct current electrolysis, and further removes sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas while generating liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon fuel products;
the gas phase separation chamber 7 is connected with a gas outlet of the carbon dioxide electrolysis chamber, separates products such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, ethylene and the like in the mixture, and discharges the separated gaseous mixture;
and the Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber 9 is connected with the gas phase separation chamber 7, and is used for introducing the separated carbon monoxide and hydrogen into the flow reaction tank for carrying out Fischer-Tropsch reaction to generate high-hydrocarbon compounds and carrying out pressurization liquefaction.
A first product storage chamber 10 connected to said gas phase separation chamber 7 for storing the final gas phase product.
The electrolyte circulation module includes:
the liquid-phase product separation chamber is connected with a liquid-phase outlet of the carbon dioxide electrolysis chamber, separates products such as formic acid, methanol, ethanol and the like in the mixture, and separates and supplements electrolyte;
the electrolyte cooling circulation chamber is connected with the liquid-phase product separation chamber and used for cooling and circulating the electrolyte;
and the output storage chamber II is connected with the liquid-phase product separation chamber to store the final liquid-phase product.
In the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the electrocatalytic reduction equipment of the carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5 is formed by laminating a plurality of single electrolytic cells, and for the single electrolytic cells, the single electrolytic cells comprise a liquid phase flow channel 11, an anode 12 electrode, an ion exchange membrane 13, a cathode 14 electrode and a gas phase flow channel 15. The anode 12, the membrane, and the cathode 14 are formed by integral pressing. Circulating electrolyte is arranged in the liquid phase flow passage 11, and pretreated flue gas is arranged in the gas phase flow passage 15;
in the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the anode 12 in the carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5 is made of metal such as nickel, platinum and the like, the ion exchange membrane 13 can be an anion, cation or bipolar membrane, and the cathode 14 is porous carbon cloth or carbon fiber. The cathode 14 is subjected to hydrophobic treatment on the side close to the gas-phase flow channel 15, hydrophilic treatment on the side close to the membrane, catalyst nanoparticles are loaded on the side close to the membrane, the catalyst can be gold, silver, zinc, lead, indium, tin, bismuth, antimony, copper and alloys thereof, and the porosity of the cathode 14 decreases progressively from the side close to the gas-phase flow channel 15 to the membrane side;
in the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy, the thickness of a cathode 14 in the carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5 is about 1-100 μm, and the nano catalyst is a small ball or other shapes with the diameter of 1-100 nm;
in the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the gas-phase flow channel 15 and the liquid-phase flow channel 11 in the carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5 are made of alkali-resistant polymer plastics or titanium plates as supporting materials, the gas-phase flow channel 15 and the liquid-phase flow channel 11 can be snake-shaped or cross-shaped flow channels, the gas-phase flow rate is 20-100sccm, and the liquid-phase flow rate is 20-80 sccm;
in the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy, the circulating electrolyte can be hydroxide or bicarbonate of a first main group element such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and the like, and the concentration is 0.5-2 mol/L. In the circulation process, in order to improve the electrocatalytic reduction efficiency of the carbon dioxide, the temperature of the circulating electrolyte at the inlet of the carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5 is 5-15 ℃, and in order to better dissipate heat, the carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5 is also provided with heat dissipation equipment such as a large fan and the like;
in the boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy, circulating electrolyte is cooled in an electrolyte cooling chamber 3, then is pumped into a carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5 for reduction, is separated in a liquid phase separation chamber 6 and then returns to the electrolyte cooling chamber 3 for cooling, and a closed-loop electrolyte circulating pipeline is formed;
in the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system, the wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system comprises a controller for controlling the operation of a wind energy utilization module, the controller comprises a general processor, a digital signal processor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) or a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), the controller comprises a memory, and the memory comprises one or more of a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a flash memory or an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM).
The processing method of the boiler flue gas processing system based on the wind energy comprises the following steps,
the wind energy generator set 1 converts wind energy to generate electricity, one part of the electric energy is supplied to the carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5, the other part of the electric energy is converted into alternating current through the inverter and is distributed to a power supply line of the system through rectification of the distribution box, the circuit controller controls the circuit to operate, and the electricity storage group stores redundant electric energy and supplies the electric energy to the power supply line;
the flue gas is reduced into liquid phase and gas phase hydrocarbon fuel products by a gas phase flow passage 15 in a carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5 after the flue gas passes through a flue gas pretreatment chamber 4 to remove dust, sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas and increase the humidity of the flue gas,
the mixture of the gas-phase hydrocarbon fuel products passes through the gas-phase separation chamber 7 to separate carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and ethylene, the separated gas-phase products are discharged and stored in the first product storage chamber 10, wherein the carbon monoxide and the hydrogen enter the Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber 9 to carry out Fischer-Tropsch reaction to generate liquid-phase high hydrocarbon,
the liquid-phase hydrocarbon fuel product is separated from the formic acid, the methanol and the ethanol in the liquid-phase hydrocarbon fuel product through the liquid-phase separation chamber 6 to form a liquid-phase product and is stored in the second product storage chamber 8, wherein the electrolyte in the liquid-phase separation chamber 6 is recycled through the electrolyte cooling and recycling chamber.
In a preferred embodiment, the processing method comprises the steps of:
the wind energy power generation unit 1 converts wind energy to generate power, one part of the electric energy is directly supplied to the carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5, the other part of the electric energy is converted into alternating current through an inverter and is distributed to a power supply line of a system through rectification of a distribution box, a circuit controller arranged in the power supply line controls the circuit to operate, and a lithium battery power storage group arranged in the power supply line stores redundant electric energy and supplies the electric energy to the power supply line;
a flue gas pipeline enters a gas phase flow channel 15 of an electrolytic cell stack of the carbon dioxide reduction chamber 5 through the flue gas pretreatment chamber 4, and is reduced into carbon monoxide, formic acid, methane, methanol, ethane, ethylene, ethanol and other hydrocarbon products and hydrogen under the action of a catalyst in a porous electrode of the cathode 14. Wherein the gas phase product is separated by the gas phase separation chamber 7 and further enters the Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber 9 to react to generate a high carbon product, the high carbon product is stored in the first product storage chamber 10 in a pressurized manner, and the separated tail gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere. The liquid phase product is separated by the liquid phase separation chamber 6 and stored in the second product storage chamber 8, and the circulating electrolyte is separated and supplemented and then enters the heat pump to be cooled again, so that the electrolyte can be recycled.
The invention utilizes and stably stores intermittent wind energy and supplies the wind energy to electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide. The pretreatment and the carbon dioxide reaction chamber realize the desulfurization, denitrification, dedusting and decarburization of the flue gas to the maximum extent, and the product is subjected to secondary reaction so as to be stored conveniently. The invention has remarkable social benefit and recycling economic benefit, and can be widely applied to the field of boiler tail gas treatment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the protection scope of the present application.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A boiler flue gas treatment system based on wind energy is characterized by comprising a wind energy utilization module, a flue gas decarburization module and an electrolyte circulation module, wherein,
the wind energy utilization module includes:
a wind power generator set converting wind energy to generate electricity,
a power distribution control module electrically connected to the wind power generator,
the flue gas decarbonization module comprises:
a flue gas pretreatment chamber which is connected with a flue gas pipeline of the boiler to remove dust, sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas and increase the humidity of the flue gas,
a carbon dioxide electrolysis chamber connected to the flue gas pretreatment chamber and the power distribution control module for reducing carbon dioxide in the flue gas by direct current electrolysis to generate liquid-phase and gas-phase hydrocarbon fuel products, the carbon dioxide electrolysis chamber comprising a liquid-phase outlet for discharging the liquid-phase hydrocarbon fuel products and a gas-phase outlet for discharging a mixture comprising the gas-phase hydrocarbon fuel products,
a gas phase separation chamber connected to the gas phase outlet to separate carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and ethylene in the mixture and discharge the separated gas phase product;
a Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber which is connected with the gas phase separation chamber to lead the separated carbon monoxide and hydrogen into the flow reaction tank for Fischer-Tropsch reaction to generate liquid phase high hydrocarbon,
a first product storage chamber connecting the gas phase separation chamber and the Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber to store the carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and ethylene and the higher hydrocarbons,
the electrolyte circulation module includes:
the liquid phase product separation chamber is connected with the liquid phase outlet, and is used for separating formic acid, methanol and ethanol in the liquid phase hydrocarbon fuel product to form a liquid phase product and separating and supplementing electrolyte;
an electrolyte cooling circulation chamber connected to the liquid-phase product separation chamber to cool the circulating electrolyte;
a second production storage chamber connected to the liquid-phase product separation chamber to store the liquid-phase product.
2. A wind energy based boiler flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein preferably said power distribution control module comprises,
a circuit controller configured to control operation of the circuit,
an electricity storage group for storing electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the outside,
an inverter that converts direct current power into alternating current power,
and the distribution box is connected with the inverter to rectify and distribute the electric energy.
3. The wind-based boiler flue gas treatment system of claim 2, wherein the electrical storage pack comprises a lithium battery pack.
4. The wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system of claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide reduction chamber comprises an electrocatalytic reduction device formed by laminating a plurality of single electrolytic cells, the single electrolytic cell comprising,
an ion-exchange membrane is arranged on the membrane,
an anode on one side of the ion exchange membrane,
a cathode on the other side of the ion exchange membrane relative to the anode,
a liquid phase flow passage which is positioned at one side of the anode far away from the ion exchange membrane to circulate the electrolyte,
and the gas phase flow channel is positioned on one side of the cathode, which is far away from the ion exchange membrane, so as to circulate the flue gas.
5. The wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system according to claim 4, wherein the anode is made of nickel or platinum, the ion exchange membrane is an anion, cation or bipolar membrane, and the cathode is made of porous carbon cloth or carbon fiber.
6. The wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system as recited in claim 5, wherein the cathode is subjected to hydrophobic treatment on the side close to the gas phase flow channel, hydrophilic treatment is performed on the side close to the ion exchange membrane, catalyst nanoparticles are loaded on the side close to the ion exchange membrane, and the porosity of the cathode is gradually decreased from the side close to the gas phase flow channel to the side of the ion exchange membrane.
7. The wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system according to claim 6, wherein the catalyst nanoparticles are nanoparticles of gold, silver, zinc, lead, indium, tin, bismuth, antimony, copper and alloys thereof, the nanoparticles are spherical with a diameter of 1-100nm, and the cathode thickness is 1-100 μm.
8. The wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system according to claim 4, wherein the gas phase flow channel and the liquid phase flow channel are serpentine and crossed flow channels, the flow rate of the gas phase flow channel is 20-100sccm, and the flow rate of the liquid phase flow channel is 20-80 sccm.
9. The wind energy-based boiler flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate, the concentration is 0.5-2mol/L, and the temperature of the circulating electrolyte at the inlet of the carbon dioxide reduction chamber is 5-15 ℃.
10. The method for processing a wind-based boiler flue gas processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of,
the wind energy generator set converts wind energy to generate electricity, one part of the electric energy is supplied to the carbon dioxide reduction chamber, the other part of the electric energy is converted into alternating current through the inverter and is distributed to a power supply line of the system through rectification of the distribution box, the circuit controller controls the circuit to operate, and the electricity storage set stores redundant electric energy and supplies the electric energy to the power supply line;
the flue gas is reduced into liquid phase and gas phase hydrocarbon fuel products by a gas phase flow passage in a carbon dioxide reduction chamber after the flue gas passes through a flue gas pretreatment chamber to remove dust, sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas and increase the humidity of the flue gas,
the mixture of the gas-phase hydrocarbon fuel products passes through a gas-phase separation chamber to separate carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and ethylene, the separated gas-phase products are discharged and stored in a first product storage chamber, wherein the carbon monoxide and the hydrogen enter a Fischer-Tropsch reaction chamber to carry out Fischer-Tropsch reaction to generate liquid-phase high hydrocarbon,
and the liquid-phase hydrocarbon fuel product is separated from the formic acid, the methanol and the ethanol in the liquid-phase hydrocarbon fuel product through the liquid-phase separation chamber to form a liquid-phase product and is stored in the second product storage chamber, wherein the electrolyte in the liquid-phase separation chamber is recycled through the electrolyte cooling circulation chamber.
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