CN113908663B - Pressurized multistage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas recovery method - Google Patents

Pressurized multistage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas recovery method Download PDF

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CN113908663B
CN113908663B CN202111071120.7A CN202111071120A CN113908663B CN 113908663 B CN113908663 B CN 113908663B CN 202111071120 A CN202111071120 A CN 202111071120A CN 113908663 B CN113908663 B CN 113908663B
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condensation
absorption
water
organic waste
waste gas
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CN113908663A (en
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黄维秋
王雨雨
孙宪航
李旭飞
朱嘉慧
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Changzhou University
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Changzhou University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1406—Multiple stage absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1487—Removing organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressurized multistage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas recovery method. The adsorbent is regenerated through vacuum desorption after adsorption penetration, and the desorption gas and the pretreated gas are mixed and returned to the absorption/desorption module or the condensation module. The pressurized multistage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas recovery method provided by the invention fully utilizes the respective advantages of absorption, condensation and adsorption, can select an optimal recovery process according to engineering requirements, realizes module combined multifunctional recovery, has a wide application range, and achieves the aims of high-efficiency recovery, operation cost reduction and ultralow concentration emission.

Description

Pressurized multistage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas recovery method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pressurized multistage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas recovery method, and belongs to the technical field of oil gas recovery.
Background
At present, the organic waste gas emission has the characteristics of large emission amount, high emission concentration, complex emission components, different toxicity and the like. Four recovery methods are commonly used, namely an absorption method, a condensation method, an adsorption method and a membrane separation method. The adsorption method is one of important methods for oil gas recovery, the adsorption and separation of the oil gas are carried out by using the adsorbent, the emission concentration is strictly controlled, but a large amount of adsorption heat is generated in the adsorption process, potential safety hazards exist, and the adsorbent cannot be regenerated and recycled efficiently; the absorption method has simple process flow and low investment cost, but has the problems of large consumption of the absorbent, difficult desorption and regeneration and the like; the condensation recovery technology is mature, the safety is high, but the problems that the concentration of the gas after condensation recovery is high, the emission is not up to the standard, the refrigeration cost is high and the like exist; the membrane separation method has the advantages of simple process flow, convenient operation, better oil gas recovery effect and high automation degree, and the core of the method is the preparation of the separation membrane, and the cost is caused by high material and process requirementsAnd the membrane material is high in frequency and cannot be used in a large range. Therefore, the integration of a single recovery technology or two recovery methods is difficult to efficiently treat large-flow and high-concentration organic waste gas, the whole recovery process has high energy consumption and resource waste, and the concentration of the non-methane total hydrocarbon emission cannot be lower than 120 mg/m 3 Requirements.
Chinese patent CN103588604a proposes a system and a method for recovering waste gas from a refinery by a combined absorption method, which mainly improves recovery of C2 components in the waste gas, and then the waste gas is purified and separated by rectification. Chinese patent CN109985485a provides an apparatus and method for recovering and purifying high-concentration gas by adsorption, which improves the recovery rate of high-concentration gas and reduces the outlet concentration by recovering the high-concentration gas through a plurality of adsorption towers. Chinese patent CN102527073a proposes an adsorption-condensation combined type oil gas recovery device, wherein oil gas is adsorbed by adsorption, and then the gas regenerated by the adsorption tank is treated by condensation. At present, most of the recovery treatment of the high-flow and high-concentration organic waste gas is a single recovery method, and the problems of poor normal pressure absorption effect, extremely low condensation temperature, high energy consumption and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a pressurized multistage absorption, condensation and adsorption module combined organic waste gas recovery method, fully exerts the respective advantages of absorption, condensation and adsorption, selects an optimal recovery process according to engineering requirements, skillfully realizes module combined multifunctional recovery, has wide application range, and achieves the aims of high-efficiency recovery, operation cost reduction and ultra-low concentration emission.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a pressurized multistage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas recovery method, which comprises the following steps:
pretreatment is carried out firstly: the on-site incoming gas enters a pretreatment module, is pressurized and concentrated by pressurizing equipment, and enters a water-cooling heat exchanger for cooling treatment;
the organic waste gas recovery method for selecting pressurized multi-stage 'absorption+adsorption' or pressurized multi-stage 'condensation+adsorption' or pressurized multi-stage 'absorption+adsorption+condensation' according to actual engineering needs comprises the following steps:
for flow rate not less than 1000 m 3 /h, a concentration of greater than 300 g/m 3 Is easy to be mutually dissolved with the absorbent, and the concentration after treatment is lower than 80 mg/m 3 The VOCs low emission requirement of (2) adopts a pressurized multistage 'absorption+adsorption' organic waste gas recovery method, namely the pretreated organic waste gas is treated by an absorption/desorption module, and the gas treated by the absorption/desorption module enters the absorption/desorption module for treatment;
for 500 m 3 The flow rate of the water/h is less than or equal to 1000 and 1000 m 3 /h, a concentration of greater than 300 g/m 3 The mole fraction of the light components of C2 and below is lower than 1.5%, the boiling point is higher than-50 ℃, and the concentration after treatment is lower than 80 mg/m 3 The VOCs low emission requirement of (1) adopts a pressurized multistage 'condensation and adsorption' organic waste gas recovery method, namely the pretreated organic waste gas is treated by a condensation module, the gas treated by the condensation module is discharged into the atmosphere after being monitored to reach the standard, and is treated by an adsorption/desorption module if the gas does not reach the standard;
For 500 m 3 The flow rate of the water/h is less than or equal to 1000 and 1000 m 3 /h, a concentration of greater than 300 g/m 3 Complex components, concentration after treatment lower than 20 mg/m 3 The VOCs ultra-low emission requirement of (1) adopts a pressurized multistage 'absorption+adsorption+condensation' organic waste gas recovery method, namely the pretreated organic waste gas is treated by an absorption/desorption module, the gas treated by the absorption/desorption module enters the absorption/desorption module for treatment, and the desorbed organic waste gas enters a condensation module for treatment.
Further, the pretreatment specifically comprises: opening an air inlet gate valve, enabling on-site incoming air to enter a pretreatment module through a flame arrester, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor under the action of an air pump, enabling the on-site incoming air to enter a water-cooling heat exchanger for cooling treatment after being pressurized and concentrated through pressurizing equipment, enabling generated partial condensate to be stored in an oil-water separator through the gate valve, enabling condensed water to be stored in a cache water tank through the gate valve under the separation action of the oil-water separator, and enabling liquid organic waste gas to be transported and reused.
Further, the pressurized multistage absorption and adsorption organic waste gas recovery method specifically comprises the following steps: after pretreatment, organic waste gas enters a gas inlet at the bottom of a multi-stage absorption tower through a compressor, a pressure sensor and a three-way valve, and is dissolved and absorbed by a low-temperature absorbent under the countercurrent contact action of the low-temperature absorbent, the generated rich oil liquid is settled at the bottom of the multi-stage absorption tower, the opening degree is automatically adjusted by an automatic control valve according to the liquid level meter indication of the side surface of the multi-stage absorption tower, part of the rich oil absorbent is conveyed to a secondary spraying port of the multi-stage absorption tower for recycling under the action of a centrifugal pump, most of the rich oil liquid is conveyed to a desorption tower for desorption and regeneration under the action of the centrifugal pump, and fresh absorbent after heating and vacuumizing is conveyed to the spraying port at the top of the multi-stage absorption tower for recycling through a gate valve and a heat exchanger under the action of the centrifugal pump, and the cold energy of the heat exchanger is provided by the outside; the organic waste gas generated after the oil-rich absorbent is heated and vacuum desorbed is pressurized by a compressor and then enters a heat exchanger, the generated mixed liquid is stored in an oil-water separator, and the mixed liquid is output for reuse after separation; the non-liquefied organic waste gas is conveyed to an air inlet of the absorption/desorption module, mixed with the pretreated gas and returned to the absorption/desorption module; the gas treated by the absorption/desorption module is discharged from the top of the multistage absorption tower, enters the absorption/desorption module through the stop valve, is firstly absorbed by the absorption tower through adjusting the air inlet three-way valve, is absorbed by the absorption tower after being absorbed and penetrated, is subjected to absorption through adjusting the three-way valve switching absorption tower, is subjected to vacuum desorption regeneration, and is mixed with the pretreated gas, and is returned to the absorption/desorption module for cyclic treatment.
Further, the method for recycling the pressurized multistage condensed and adsorbed organic waste gas specifically comprises the following steps: the pretreated organic waste gas enters a condensation module after passing through a compressor, a pressure sensor and a three-way valve, sequentially passes through primary condensation, secondary condensation and tertiary condensation, condensate generated by the primary condensation flows into a buffer area in the middle of an oil-water separator under the action of self gravity, condensate generated by the secondary condensation and the tertiary condensation flows into the buffer area in the middle of the oil-water separator, after separation, enters a left water area and a right VOCs area, the condensate in the left water area of a gate valve is opened to flow into a buffer water tank through an observation level gauge for indication, liquid organic waste gas is transported and recycled through a gate valve, low-temperature water in the buffer water tank is mixed with make-up water through the gate valve under the action of a centrifugal pump to be used as a cooling medium, the gas is discharged into the atmosphere after the tertiary condensation is monitored to reach the standard, if the gas is not reached to the standard, the gas is firstly introduced into an adsorption tower through adjusting an air inlet three-way valve of an adsorption/desorption module, after the adsorption tower is absorbed and penetrated, the adsorption tower is switched, and vacuum desorption is carried out on the adsorption tower, and the desorbed, and the high-concentration organic waste gas and pretreated gas are mixed and returned to the condensation module for circulation treatment.
Further, the pressurized multistage absorption, adsorption and condensation organic waste gas recovery method specifically comprises the following steps: after pretreatment, organic waste gas enters a gas inlet at the bottom of a multi-stage absorption tower through a compressor, a pressure sensor and a three-way valve, and is dissolved and absorbed by a low-temperature absorbent under the countercurrent contact action of the low-temperature absorbent, the generated rich oil liquid is settled at the bottom of the multi-stage absorption tower, the opening degree is automatically adjusted by an automatic control valve according to the liquid level meter indication of the side surface of the multi-stage absorption tower, part of the rich oil absorbent is conveyed to a secondary spraying port of the multi-stage absorption tower for recycling under the action of a centrifugal pump, most of the rich oil liquid is conveyed to a desorption tower for desorption and regeneration under the action of the centrifugal pump, and fresh absorbent after heating and vacuumizing is conveyed to the spraying port at the top of the multi-stage absorption tower for recycling through a gate valve and a heat exchanger under the action of the centrifugal pump, and the cold energy of the heat exchanger is provided by the outside; the organic waste gas generated after the oil-rich absorbent is heated and vacuum desorbed is pressurized by a compressor and then enters a heat exchanger, the generated mixed liquid is stored in an oil-water separator, and the mixed liquid is output for reuse after separation; the non-liquefied organic waste gas is conveyed to an air inlet of the absorption/desorption module, mixed with the pretreated gas and returned to the absorption/desorption module; the gas treated by the absorption/desorption module is discharged from the top of the multistage absorption tower, enters the absorption/desorption module through a stop valve, is firstly absorbed by the absorption tower through adjusting an air inlet three-way valve, is absorbed by the absorption tower, is subjected to vacuum desorption regeneration by switching the absorption tower, and is simultaneously subjected to vacuum desorption regeneration, the desorbed high-concentration organic waste gas directly enters a first-stage condensation air inlet of a condensation module, sequentially passes through first-stage condensation, second-stage condensation and third-stage condensation, condensate generated by the first-stage condensation flows into a buffer area in the middle of an oil-water separator under the action of self gravity, condensate generated by the second-stage condensation and the third-stage condensation flows into a buffer area in the middle of the oil-water separator, enters a left water area and a right VOCs area after separation, the condensate in the left water area of a gate valve is opened to flow into a buffer water tank through observation of liquid level gauge indication, liquid organic waste gas is recycled through gate valve output, low-temperature water in the buffer water tank is mixed with make-up water as cooling medium under the action of a centrifugal pump, and enters the water-cooling heat exchanger through the gate valve, and the absorption/desorption module is returned through the gate valve after deep condensation.
Further, the pressure adjusting range of the pressurizing equipment is 0.2-1.2 MPa; the area ratio of the gas channels of the water-cooling heat exchanger is 3.5-5.0: 1, the heat exchange area ratio is 2.0-3.0: 1, cooling medium water of the water-cooled heat exchanger is provided by low-temperature condensed water generated by liquefaction of the outside and a condensation module, and the temperature range of the cooling medium water is 10-25 ℃.
Further, the multistage absorption tower is a vertical tower, the multistage absorption tower is designed to be in a sectional spray mode, two layers of spraying are arranged, an upper layer spraying inlet is connected with a flowmeter and a heat exchanger, and the upper layer spraying amount is 10-100 m 3 And/h, connecting the lower layer absorbent inlet with a centrifugal pump and an automatic regulating valve.
Further, the condensing module comprises a three-stage condensing heat exchanger, the temperatures are respectively 1-5 ℃, 40-60 ℃ below zero and 70-100 ℃, and the area ratio of gas channels in a condensing chamber of the first-stage condensing heat exchanger is 3.5-6.0: 1, the heat exchange area ratio is 0.5-1.5: 1, a step of; the area ratio of the gas channels of the secondary condensation heat exchanger is 5.5-8.0: 1, the heat exchange area ratio is 1.5-3.5: 1, a step of; the area ratio of the gas channels of the condensing chamber of the three-stage condensing heat exchanger is 3.0-5.0: 1, the heat exchange area ratio is 0.5-1.5: 1.
further, an adsorption tower is arranged in the adsorption/desorption module, a heat exchanger is arranged in the adsorption tower and is connected with a constant-temperature water bath box, and the temperature adjustment range of the constant-temperature water bath box is 10-120 ℃.
Further, the oil-water separator is a horizontal separator, a liquid level meter is arranged on the side face of the oil-water separator, two partition plates are arranged on the left side and the right side of the oil-water separator, the distance between the partition plates is 500-1200 mm, and the oil-water separator is internally divided into a left water area, a middle buffer area and a right VOCs storage area.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the organic waste gas recovery method based on the pressurized multistage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combination type multifunctional integrated process is adopted, the respective advantages of absorption, condensation and adsorption are fully exerted, the defects existing in a single recovery method are avoided, and the module combination type multifunctional recovery effect is skillfully realized.
(2) The recycling method can be flexibly used, an optimized recycling process is selected according to engineering requirements, and a pressurized multistage 'absorption+adsorption' recycling method is adopted for low emission requirements of VOCs which are high in flow rate, high in concentration and easy to be mutually dissolved with the absorbent; for low emission requirements of VOCs with medium flow, high concentration and low light hydrocarbon content and high boiling point, a pressurized multistage condensation and adsorption recovery method is adopted; for the ultra-low emission requirement of VOCs with large flow, high concentration and complex components, a pressurized multistage absorption, adsorption and condensation organic waste gas recovery method is adopted, so that the recovery method is customized, and the aim of achieving high recovery rate and ultra-low concentration standard emission is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pressurized multistage "absorption, condensation, adsorption" module combined organic waste gas recovery process of the present invention;
the reference numerals are listed below:
1. the system comprises a flame arrester, 2, 11, 22, 24, 52, 60, 63-pressure sensors, 3, 20, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 40, 58, 65, 90-temperature sensors, 4, 7, 43, 51, 54, 69, 77, 82, 84-ball valves, 5-suction pumps, 6-pressurizing devices, 12, 31, 34, 35, 36, 53-three-way valves, 8, 76, 83-heat exchangers, 9, 80-compressors, 10, 21, 23, 41, 42, 50, 57, 59, 61, 66, 75, 79, 86, 89, 91, 92-gate valves, 13-primary condensation, 14-secondary condensation, 15-tertiary condensation, 16-condensation modules, 17-pretreatment modules, 18-adsorption/desorption modules, 19-adsorption/desorption modules, 37, 38, 44, 49, 72-level gauges, 39, 78-vacuum pumps, 45, 67, 68, 71-centrifugal pumps, 46, 47-adsorption towers, 48, 55, 88, 62-heat sources, 74-water-heat exchangers, 74-water tanks, 74-heat sources, 75-heat sources, water tanks, heat sources, water tanks, automatic heat sources, and control, and water-supply tanks, and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
a large amount of crude oil gas is produced in the process of loading and unloading crude oil in a certain railway tank car, and the crude oil gas is easy to dissolve in diesel oil, and has the discharge amount of 1000 m 3 /h, concentration is 502.62 g/m 3 The oil gas emission concentration after treatment is required to be less than 80 mg/m 3 . Aiming at the low emission requirement of VOCs which are high in flow rate and high in concentration and are easily dissolved in an absorbent, the high-efficiency recovery method of the invention for pressurized multistage absorption and adsorption is utilized for high-efficiency recovery, and the description is given by virtue of an attached figure 1.
(1) The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
recovery method of pressurized multistage "absorption+adsorption": the main equipment required by the method comprises a flame arrester 1, pressure sensors 2 and 11, temperature sensors 3 and 40, ball valves 4 and 43, 51 and 54, an air pump 5, a three-way valve 12, a compressor 9, gate valves 41 and 42, 50 and 57, 59, 86 and 91 and 92, liquid level meters 38 and 44 and 49, a centrifugal pump 45, oil-water separators 48 and 55, a cache water tank 56, a condensing module 16, a pretreatment module 17, an adsorption/desorption module 18, an adsorption/desorption module 19 and pipelines.
(1) The pretreatment module 17 of the pressurized multistage "absorption+adsorption" recovery method consists of a gate valve 10, a pressurizing device 6, a ball valve 7 and a water-cooled heat exchanger 8.
Further, the pressure of the pressurizing device 6 was 0.25 MPa.
Further, the gas passage area ratio of the water-cooled heat exchanger 8 was 5.0:1, heat exchange area ratio is 1.5:1, the cooling medium water temperature is 15 ℃.
(2) The absorption/desorption module 19 of the pressurized multistage "absorption+adsorption" recovery method is composed of a liquid level meter 37, gate valves 66, 75, 79, 86, 89, centrifugal pumps 67, 68, 71, flow meters 73, 74, ball valves 69, 77, automatic control valves 70, temperature sensors 58, 65, 90, a heat exchanger 76, a vacuum pump 78, a compressor 80, a heat source input 85, a heat source output 81, ball valves 82, 84, a heat exchanger 83, a desorption column 87, an oil-water separator 88, a multistage absorption column 64, and pressure sensors 60, 63.
Further, the multistage absorption tower 64 is a vertical tower with the height of 4000 mm and the diameter of 800 mm, the multistage absorption tower 64 is designed to be a sectional spray type, two layers of spraying are arranged, an upper layer spraying inlet is connected with the flowmeter 74 and the heat exchanger 76, and the spraying amount of the absorbent diesel is 60 m 3 /h。
Further, the height of the desorption tower 87 is 2500 mm, the diameter is 1000 mm, a dense heat exchanger is arranged in the desorption tower, heat is provided from the outside, a temperature sensor 90 and a pressure sensor 63 are arranged on the side face of the tower body, and the temperature and the pressure in the tower are monitored in real time.
(3) The adsorption/desorption module 18 of the pressurized multistage "adsorption+adsorption" recovery method is composed of adsorption towers 46, 47, three-way valves 31, 34, 35, 36, 53, pressure sensors 24, 52, temperature sensors 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, a gate valve 61, a vacuum pump 39, a thermostatic waterbath 62, and a flame arrester 33.
Further, the heights of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are 6000 and mm, the diameters of the adsorption towers are 1500mm, finned tubes are arranged in the adsorption towers and uniformly distributed in the adsorption towers, the air inlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are controlled to be switched by the three-way valve 34, and the adsorption towers are connected with the air outlets of the absorption/desorption modules 19.
Further, heat exchangers are arranged in the adsorption towers 46 and 47, the inlet and outlet of the heat exchangers are switched by three-way valves 53 and 36 and controlled to be opened and closed, the heat exchangers are connected with the inlet and outlet of a constant-temperature water bath box 62, the temperature of the constant-temperature water bath box 62 is 85 ℃, and the size of the constant-temperature water bath box is 1500-mm, 1000-mm and 1000-mm.
(4) The oil-water separators 48, 88 of the pressurized multistage "absorption+adsorption" recovery method are horizontal separators, with a length of 2000 mm and a diameter of 1000 mm.
Further, the middle lower part of the side surfaces of the oil-water separators 48 and 88 is provided with liquid level meters 49 and 37 with the height of 800 mm, 2 partition boards with the height of 800 mm are arranged on the left side and the right side of the inside, the distance between the partition boards is 1000 mm, and the inside of the oil-water separators 48 and 88 is divided into a water area on the left side, a buffer area in the middle and a VOCs storage area on the right side.
(2) The equipment connection mode required by the pressurized multistage absorption and adsorption recovery method is as follows:
(1) the gas collecting pipeline of the railway loading and unloading site is connected with the inlet of the pressurizing device 6 through the flame arrester 1, the pressure sensor 2, the temperature sensor 3, the ball valve 4 and the air pump 5, the outlet pipeline of the pressurizing device 6 is connected with the inlet of the water-cooling heat exchanger 8 through the ball valve 7, the gas outlet of the water-cooling heat exchanger 8 is connected with the gas inlet of the compressor 9 through the gate valve, and the outlet of the compressor 9 is connected with the three-way valve 12.
(2) The outlet of the compressor 9 is connected with the air inlet at the bottom of the multistage absorption tower 64 through the pressure sensor 11 and the three-way valve 12, the air outlet at the top of the multistage absorption tower 64 is connected with the air inlet three-way valve 34 of the adsorption/desorption module 18 through the gate valve 75, the rich oil outlet at the bottom of the multistage absorption tower 64 is connected with the inlet at the top of the desorption tower 87 through the gate valve 66, the temperature sensor 65 and the centrifugal pump 67, the liquid outlet at the side surface of the bottom of the multistage absorption tower 64 is connected with the two-stage spraying opening of the multistage absorption tower 64 through the automatic control valve 70 and the centrifugal pump 71, the lean oil outlet at the bottom of the desorption tower 87 is connected with the upper-layer spraying opening of the multistage absorption tower 64 through the gate valve 69, the centrifugal pump 68, the heat exchanger 76 and the flowmeter 74, the air outlet at the top of the desorption tower 87 is connected with the oil-water separator 88 through the gate valve 79, the vacuum pump 78, the compressor 80 and the heat exchanger 83, and the air outlet at the top of the oil-water separator 88 is connected with the air inlet of the compressor 9 through the gate valve 82.
(3) The three-way valves 34 at the air inlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are connected with the gate valve 75 at the outlet of the multistage absorption tower 64, the three-way valves 31 at the air outlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are connected with the temperature sensor 32 and the flame arrester 33, the three-way valves 35 at the bottoms of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are connected with the inlet of the compressor 9 through the vacuum pump 39 and the temperature sensor 40, and the inlet and outlet of the constant-temperature water bath box 62 are respectively connected with the three-way valves 53 and 36 at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange coil pipes inside the adsorption towers 46 and 47.
(3) The recovery method of the pressurized multistage absorption and adsorption is as follows:
(1) the intake gate valve 4 is opened, high-concentration and large-flow crude oil gas generated in the railway loading and unloading process enters the pretreatment module 17 through the flame arrester 1, the pressure sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 3 under the action of the air pump 5, and enters the water-cooling heat exchanger 8 for cooling treatment after being pressurized and concentrated by the pressurizing equipment 6, part of generated condensate is stored in the oil-water separator 48 through the gate valve 42, condensed water is stored in the cache water tank 56 through the gate valve 51 under the separation action of the oil-water separator 48, and liquid organic waste gas is transported and reused.
(2) The pretreated oil gas enters an air inlet at the bottom of a multi-stage absorption tower 64 after passing through a compressor 9, a pressure sensor 11 and a three-way valve 12, most of organic waste gas is dissolved and absorbed by the low-temperature absorbent under the countercurrent contact action of the low-temperature absorbent, the generated rich oil liquid is settled at the bottom of the multi-stage absorption tower 64, the opening degree is automatically regulated by an automatic control valve 70 according to the indication of a liquid level meter 72 on the side surface of the multi-stage absorption tower 64, part of rich oil absorbent is conveyed to a secondary spraying opening of the multi-stage absorption tower 64 for recycling under the action of a centrifugal pump 71, most of rich oil absorbent is conveyed to a desorption tower 87 for desorption and regeneration under the action of the centrifugal pump 67, and fresh absorbent after heating and vacuumizing is conveyed to a spraying opening at the upper layer of the multi-stage absorption tower 64 for recycling through a gate valve 69 and a heat exchanger 76 under the action of the centrifugal pump 68, and the cold energy of the heat exchanger 76 is provided by the outside; the organic waste gas generated after the oil-rich absorbent is heated, vacuumized and desorbed is pressurized by the compressor 80 and then enters the heat exchanger 83, the generated mixed liquid is stored in the oil-water separator 88, and the separated mixed liquid is transported out for reuse; the non-liquefied organic waste gas is sent to the air inlet of the compressor 9, mixed with the pretreated gas and returned to the absorption/desorption module for cyclic treatment.
(3) The gas treated by the absorption/desorption module 19 is discharged from the top of the multistage absorption tower 64, a stop valve 75 is opened to enter the absorption/desorption module 18, the gas is firstly absorbed by the absorption tower 46 through adjusting the air inlet three-way valve 34, after the absorption tower 46 is absorbed and penetrated, the three-way valves 34 and 31 are adjusted, the absorption tower 47 is switched to absorb, and simultaneously the three-way valves 53, 35 and 36 are opened to vacuumize the absorption tower 46 for desorption and regeneration, and the desorbed high-concentration organic waste gas is mixed with the pretreated gas through the gate valve 41 and then returned to the absorption/desorption module 19 for cyclic treatment; the high-flow and high-concentration oil gas after cooling pretreatment, pressurized multistage absorption and adsorption is carried out in sequence, and the discharge concentration of the outlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 is lower than 80 mg/m 3 The total recovery rate of oil gas is more than 99%.
Implementation case two:
a large amount of organic waste gas is discharged in the production process of a certain chemical plant, mainly C 3 The heavy components have less light hydrocarbon content and the emission is 500 m 3 /h, concentration is 363.25 g/m 3 The oil gas emission concentration after treatment is required to be lower than 60 mg/m 3 Aiming at the low emission requirements of VOCs with medium flow, high concentration and low light hydrocarbon content, the method for recycling the VOCs is utilized for recycling the VOCs efficiently by using the pressurized multistage condensation and adsorption method disclosed by the invention, and the method is described by virtue of an attached figure 1.
(1) The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
recovery method of pressurized multistage "condensation+adsorption": the main equipment required by the method comprises a flame arrester 1, pressure sensors 2 and 11, temperature sensors 3 and 40, ball valves 4 and 43, 51 and 54, an air pump 5, a three-way valve 12, a compressor 9, gate valves 41 and 42, 50 and 57, 59, 86 and 91 and 92, liquid level meters 38 and 44 and 49, a centrifugal pump 45, oil-water separators 48 and 55, a cache water tank 56, a condensing module 16, a pretreatment module 17, an adsorption/desorption module 18, an adsorption/desorption module 19 and pipelines.
(1) The pretreatment module 17 of the pressurized multistage "condensation+adsorption" recovery method consists of a pressurizing device 6, a ball valve 7, a water-cooled heat exchanger 8, and a gate valve 10.
Further, the pressure of the pressurizing device 6 was 0.2 MPa.
Further, the gas passage area ratio of the water-cooled heat exchanger 8 was 3.5:1, heat exchange area ratio is 1.5:1, the cooling medium water temperature is 15 ℃.
(2) The condensation module 16 of the pressurized multistage "condensation+adsorption" recovery method consists of a primary condensation 13, a secondary condensation 14, a tertiary condensation 15, gate valves 21, 23, a pressure sensor 22 and a temperature sensor 20.
Further, the condensing heat exchanger temperatures at each stage were designed to be 4 ℃, -40 ℃ and-70 ℃, respectively.
Further, the gas passage area ratio of the primary condensing chamber was 4.0:1, heat exchange area ratio is 1.5:1, the gas passage area ratio of the secondary condensing chamber is 6.0:1, heat exchange area ratio is 2.0:1, the gas passage area ratio of the three-stage condensation chamber is 4.0:1, heat exchange area ratio is 1.5:1.
(3) the adsorption/desorption module 18 of the pressurized multistage "condensation+adsorption" recovery method is composed of adsorption towers 46, 47, three-way valves 31, 34, 35, 36, 53, pressure sensors 24, 52, temperature sensors 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, a gate valve 61, a vacuum pump 39, a thermostatic waterbath 62, and a flame arrester 33.
Further, the heights of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are 4000 mm, the diameters of the adsorption towers are 1000mm, finned tubes are arranged in the adsorption towers and uniformly distributed in the adsorption towers, the air inlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are controlled to be switched by the three-way valve 34, and the adsorption towers are connected with the air outlet of the condensation module 16.
Further, heat exchangers are arranged in the adsorption towers 46 and 47, the inlet and outlet of the heat exchangers are controlled to be opened and closed by three-way valves 53 and 36, the heat exchangers are connected with the inlet and outlet of a constant-temperature water bath box 62, the temperature of the constant-temperature water bath box 62 is 85 ℃, and the sizes of the heat exchangers are 1000mm in length, 800 mm in width and 800 mm in height.
(4) The oil-water separators 48, 55 of the pressurized multistage "condensation+adsorption" recovery method are horizontal separators, with a length of 1200, mm and a diameter of 800, mm.
Further, the middle lower part of the side surfaces of the oil-water separators 48 and 55 is provided with liquid level meters 49 and 44 with the height of 600 mm, 2 partition boards with the height of 600 mm are arranged on the left side and the right side of the inside, the distance between the partition boards is 600 mm, and the inside of the oil-water separators 48 and 55 is divided into a water area on the left side, a buffer area in the middle and a VOCs storage area on the right side.
(2) The device connection mode required by the recovery method of the pressurized multistage condensation and adsorption is as follows:
(1) the chemical plant gas collecting pipeline is connected with the inlet of the pressurizing equipment 6 through the flame arrester 1, the pressure sensor 2, the temperature sensor 3, the ball valve 4 and the air pump 5, the gas outlet pipeline of the pressurizing equipment 6 is connected with the inlet of the water-cooling heat exchanger 8 through the ball valve 7, the gas outlet of the water-cooling heat exchanger 8 is connected with the gas inlet of the compressor 9 through the gate valve, and the outlet of the compressor 9 is connected with the three-way valve 12.
(2) The outlet of the compressor 9 is connected with the air inlet of the primary condensation 13 through the pressure sensor 11 and the three-way valve 12, the outlet of the tertiary condensation is connected with the atmosphere or is connected with the air inlet three-way valve 34 of the adsorption/desorption module 18 through the gate valve 23, the liquid outlet at the bottom of the condensation chamber of the primary condensation 13 is connected with the inlet of the oil-water separator 48, the liquid outlet at the bottom of the condensation chamber of the secondary condensation 14 and the condensation chamber of the tertiary condensation 15 is connected with the inlet of the oil-water separator 55, two discharge ports are arranged at the bottoms of the oil-water separators 48 and 55, the gate valves 51 and 54 are connected with the inlet of the buffer water tank 56, the gate valves 50 and 57 are connected with the output pipeline, and the outlet of the buffer water tank is connected with the water-cooled heat exchanger 8 through the centrifugal pump 45.
(3) The three-way valves 34 at the air inlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are connected with the gate valve 23 at the outlet of the three-stage condensation 15, the three-way valves 31 at the air outlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are connected with the temperature sensor 32 and the flame arrester 33, the three-way valves 35 at the bottoms of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are connected with the inlet of the compressor 9 through the vacuum pump 39 and the temperature sensor 40, and the inlet and outlet of the constant-temperature water bath box 62 are respectively connected with the three-way valves 53 and 36 at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange coil pipes inside the adsorption towers 46 and 47.
(3) The recovery method of the pressurized multistage condensation and adsorption is as follows:
(1) the intake gate valve 4 is opened, high-concentration oil gas discharged by a chemical plant enters the pretreatment module 17 through the flame arrester 1, the pressure sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 3 under the action of the air pump 5, and enters the water-cooling heat exchanger 8 for cooling treatment after being pressurized and concentrated by the pressurizing equipment 6, and part of condensate generated by the water-cooling heat exchanger is stored in the oil-water separator 48 through the gate valve 42, and under the separation action of the oil-water separator 48, the condensate is stored in the cache water tank 56 through the gate valve 51, and the liquid oil is transported and reused.
(2) The pretreated oil gas enters a condensation module 16 after passing through a compressor 9, a pressure sensor 11 and a three-way valve 12, sequentially passes through a first-stage condensation 13, a second-stage condensation 14 and a third-stage condensation 15, most of vapor and part of heavy components in organic waste gas are condensed after passing through the first-stage condensation 13, most of organic waste gas after passing through the second-stage condensation 14 is condensed and recovered, a small amount of light component waste gas after passing through the first-stage condensation 13 and the second-stage condensation 14 enters the third-stage condensation 15 for deep condensation treatment, a large amount of light component reaches saturation and changes from gaseous phase to liquid phase in the process, condensate of the first-stage condensation 13 flows into a middle buffer area of an oil-water separator 48 under the action of self gravity, condensate generated by the second-stage condensation 14 and the third-stage condensation 15 flows into a middle buffer area of an oil-water separator 55 after separation, flows into a left-side water area and a right-side VOCs area after separation, gate valves 49 and 44 are observed for indication, 51 and 54 are opened to flow into a buffer water tank 56, liquid organic waste gas is transported and reused through gate valves 50 and 57, low temperature water in the buffer water tank is mixed with make-up water as cooling medium under the action of a centrifugal pump 45 to enter a water-cooling heat exchanger 8.
(3) The gate valve 23 is opened, the three-stage condensed gas firstly enters the adsorption tower 46 by adjusting the air inlet three-way valve 34 of the adsorption/desorption module 18, after the adsorption tower 46 is adsorbed and penetrated, the adsorption tower 47 is switched by adjusting the three-way valves 34 and 31, and simultaneously the three-way valves 53, 35 and 36 are opened, the adsorption tower 46 is vacuumized and desorbed for regeneration, and the desorbed high-concentration organic waste gas is mixed with the pretreated gas through the gate valves 41 and 92 and then returns to the condensation module 16. The high-concentration oil gas after the cooling pretreatment, the pressurization multistage condensation and the adsorption treatment is carried out in sequence, and the discharge concentration of the outlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 is lower than 60 mg/m 3 The total recovery rate of oil gas is more than 99%.
Implementation case three:
a great amount of oil gas is produced in the process of loading and unloading oil in a certain oil depot, the oil gas has complex components and the discharge amount is 1000 m 3 /h, concentration is 623.49 g/m 3 The concentration of the oil gas discharged after treatment is required to be less than 20 mg/m 3 . Aiming at the ultralow emission requirements of VOCs with large flow, high concentration and complex components, the method for recycling the VOCs is utilized for recycling the VOCs efficiently by using the pressurized multistage absorption, adsorption and condensation method disclosed by the invention, and the method is described by virtue of an attached figure 1.
(1) The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the recovery method of pressurized multistage absorption, adsorption and condensation comprises the following steps: the main equipment required by the method comprises a flame arrester 1, pressure sensors 2 and 11, temperature sensors 3 and 40, ball valves 4 and 43, 51 and 54, an air pump 5, a three-way valve 12, a compressor 9, gate valves 41 and 42, 50 and 57, 59, 86 and 91 and 92, liquid level meters 38 and 44 and 49, a centrifugal pump 45, oil-water separators 48 and 55, a cache water tank 56, a condensing module 16, a pretreatment module 17, an adsorption/desorption module 18, an adsorption/desorption module 19 and pipelines.
(1) The pretreatment module 17 of the pressurized multistage 'absorption + adsorption + condensation' recovery method consists of a gate valve 10, a pressurizing device 6, a ball valve 7 and a water-cooled heat exchanger 8.
Further, the pressure of the pressurizing device 6 was 0.25 MPa.
Further, the gas passage area ratio of the water-cooled heat exchanger 8 was 5.0:1, heat exchange area ratio is 1.5:1, the cooling medium water temperature is 15 ℃.
(2) The absorption/desorption module 19 of the pressurized multistage "absorption+adsorption+condensation" recovery method is composed of a liquid level meter 37, gate valves 66, 75, 79, 86, 89, centrifugal pumps 67, 68, 71, flow meters 73, 74, ball valves 69, 77, automatic control valves 70, temperature sensors 58, 65, 90, a heat exchanger 76, a vacuum pump 78, a compressor 80, a heat source input 85, a heat source output 81, ball valves 82, 84, a heat exchanger 83, a desorption column 87, an oil-water separator 88, a multistage absorption column 64, and pressure sensors 60, 63.
Further, the multistage absorption tower 64 is a vertical tower with a height of 4000 mm and a diameter of 800 mm, the multistage absorption tower 64 is designed to be a sectional spray type, two layers of spraying are arranged, an upper layer spraying inlet is connected with the flowmeter 74 and the heat exchanger 76, and the spraying amount of the absorbent is 80 m 3 /h。
Further, the height of the desorption tower 87 is 2500 mm, the diameter is 1000 mm, a dense heat exchanger is arranged in the desorption tower, heat is provided from the outside, a temperature sensor 90 and a pressure sensor 63 are arranged on the side face of the tower body, and the temperature and the pressure in the tower are monitored in real time.
(3) The adsorption/desorption module 18 of the pressurized multistage "adsorption+adsorption+condensation" recovery method is composed of adsorption towers 46, 47, three-way valves 31, 34, 35, 36, 53, pressure sensors 24, 52, temperature sensors 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, a gate valve 61, a vacuum pump 39, a thermostatic waterbath 62, and a flame arrester 33.
Further, the heights of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are 6000 and mm, the diameters of the adsorption towers are 1500mm, finned tubes are arranged in the adsorption towers and uniformly distributed in the adsorption towers, the air inlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are controlled to be switched by the three-way valve 34, and the adsorption towers are connected with the air outlets of the absorption/desorption modules 19.
Further, heat exchangers are arranged in the adsorption towers 46 and 47, the inlet and outlet of the heat exchangers are switched by three-way valves 53 and 36 and controlled to be opened and closed, the heat exchangers are connected with the inlet and outlet of a constant-temperature water bath box 62, the temperature of the constant-temperature water bath box 62 is 85 ℃, and the size of the constant-temperature water bath box is 1500-mm, 1000-mm and 1000-mm.
(4) The oil-water separators 48, 88 of the pressurized multistage "absorption+adsorption+condensation" recovery method are horizontal separators, with a length of 2000 mm and a diameter of 1000 mm.
Further, the middle lower part of the side surfaces of the oil-water separators 48 and 88 is provided with liquid level meters 49 and 37 with the height of 800 mm, 2 partition boards with the height of 800 mm are arranged on the left side and the right side of the inside, the distance between the partition boards is 1000 mm, and the inside of the oil-water separators 48 and 88 is divided into a water area on the left side, a buffer area in the middle and a VOCs storage area on the right side.
(5) The condensation module 16 of the pressurized multistage "absorption+adsorption+condensation" recovery method consists of a primary condensation 13, a secondary condensation 14, a tertiary condensation 15, gate valves 21, 23, a pressure sensor 22 and a temperature sensor 20.
Further, the condensing heat exchanger temperatures at each stage were designed to be 1 ℃, 40 ℃ below zero and 100 ℃ below zero, respectively.
Further, the gas passage area ratio of the primary condensing chamber was 4.0:1, heat exchange area ratio is 1.5:1, the gas passage area ratio of the secondary condensing chamber is 6.0:1, heat exchange area ratio is 2.0:1, the gas passage area ratio of the three-stage condensation chamber is 4.0:1, heat exchange area ratio is 1.5:1.
(2) The equipment connection mode required by the recovery method of the pressurized multistage absorption, adsorption and condensation is as follows:
(1) the gas collecting pipeline of the railway loading and unloading site is connected with the inlet of the pressurizing device 6 through the flame arrester 1, the pressure sensor 2, the temperature sensor 3, the ball valve 4 and the air pump 5, the outlet pipeline of the pressurizing device 6 is connected with the inlet of the water-cooling heat exchanger 8 through the ball valve 7, the gas outlet of the water-cooling heat exchanger 8 is connected with the gas inlet of the compressor 9 through the gate valve, and the outlet of the compressor 9 is connected with the three-way valve 12.
(2) The outlet of the compressor 9 is connected with the air inlet at the bottom of the multistage absorption tower 64 through the pressure sensor 11 and the three-way valve 12, the air outlet at the top of the multistage absorption tower 64 is connected with the air inlet three-way valve 34 of the adsorption/desorption module 18 through the gate valve 75, the rich oil outlet at the bottom of the multistage absorption tower 64 is connected with the inlet at the top of the desorption tower 87 through the gate valve 66, the temperature sensor 65 and the centrifugal pump 67, the liquid outlet at the side surface of the bottom of the multistage absorption tower 64 is connected with the two-stage spraying opening of the multistage absorption tower 64 through the automatic control valve 70 and the centrifugal pump 71, the lean oil outlet at the bottom of the desorption tower 87 is connected with the upper-layer spraying opening of the multistage absorption tower 64 through the gate valve 69, the centrifugal pump 68, the heat exchanger 76 and the flowmeter 74, the air outlet at the top of the desorption tower 87 is connected with the oil-water separator 88 through the gate valve 79, the vacuum pump 78, the compressor 80 and the heat exchanger 83, and the air outlet at the top of the oil-water separator 88 is connected with the air inlet of the compressor 9 through the gate valve 82.
(3) The three-way valves 34 at the air inlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are connected with the gate valve 75 at the outlet of the multistage absorption tower 64, the three-way valves 31 at the air outlets of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are connected with the temperature sensor 32 and the flame arrester 33, the three-way valves 35 at the bottoms of the adsorption towers 46 and 47 are directly connected with the air inlet of the first-stage condensation 13 of the condensation module 16 through the vacuum pump 39, the temperature sensor 40 and the gate valve 41 and 91, and the inlet and outlet of the constant-temperature water bath box 62 are respectively connected with the three-way valves 53 and 36 at the inlet and the outlet of the heat exchange coil inside the adsorption towers 46 and 47.
(3) The recovery method of the pressurized multistage absorption, adsorption and condensation is as follows:
(1) the air inlet gate valve 4 is opened, high-concentration, high-flow and complex-component oil gas generated in the oil loading and unloading process of the oil depot enters the pretreatment module 17 through the flame arrester 1, the pressure sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 3 under the action of the air pump 5, is pressurized and concentrated through the pressurizing equipment 6, enters the water-cooling heat exchanger 8 for cooling treatment, and part of condensate generated is stored in the oil-water separator 48 through the gate valve 42, and is stored in the cache water tank 56 through the gate valve 51 under the separation action of the oil-water separator 48, and the liquid organic waste gas is transported and reused.
(2) The pretreated oil gas enters an air inlet at the bottom of a multi-stage absorption tower 64 after passing through a compressor 9, a pressure sensor 11 and a three-way valve 12, most of organic waste gas is dissolved and absorbed by the low-temperature absorbent under the countercurrent contact action of the low-temperature absorbent, the generated rich oil liquid is settled at the bottom of the multi-stage absorption tower 64, the opening degree is automatically regulated by an automatic control valve 70 according to the indication of a liquid level meter 72 on the side surface of the multi-stage absorption tower 64, part of rich oil absorbent is conveyed to a secondary spraying opening of the multi-stage absorption tower 64 for recycling under the action of a centrifugal pump 71, most of rich oil absorbent is conveyed to a desorption tower 87 for desorption and regeneration under the action of the centrifugal pump 67, and fresh absorbent after heating and vacuumizing is conveyed to a spraying opening at the upper layer of the multi-stage absorption tower 64 for recycling through a gate valve 69 and a heat exchanger 76 under the action of the centrifugal pump 68, and the cold energy of the heat exchanger 76 is provided by the outside; the organic waste gas generated after the oil-rich absorbent is heated, vacuumized and desorbed is pressurized by the compressor 80 and then enters the heat exchanger 83, the generated mixed liquid is stored in the oil-water separator 88, and the separated mixed liquid is transported out for reuse; the non-liquefied organic waste gas is sent to the air inlet of the compressor 9, mixed with the pretreated gas and returned to the absorption/desorption module for cyclic treatment.
(3) The gas treated by the absorption/desorption module 19 is discharged from the top of the multistage absorption tower 64, a stop valve 75 is opened to enter the absorption/desorption module 18, the gas is firstly absorbed by the absorption tower 46 through adjusting an air inlet three-way valve 34, after the absorption tower 46 is absorbed and penetrated, three-way valves 34 and 31 are adjusted, the absorption tower 47 is switched to absorb, meanwhile, three-way valves 53, 35 and 36 are opened, the absorption tower 46 is vacuumized, desorbed and regenerated, a gate valve 92 is closed, the desorbed high-concentration organic waste gas directly enters the air inlet of the condensation module 16 through gate valves 41 and 91, sequentially passes through the first-stage condensation 13, the second-stage condensation 14 and the third-stage condensation 15, most of water vapor and partial heavy components in the organic waste gas are condensed after the first-stage condensation 13, most of organic waste gas is condensed and recovered after the second-stage condensation 14, the waste gas containing a small amount of light components after the primary condensation 13 and the secondary condensation 14 enters a tertiary condensation 15 for deep condensation treatment, a large amount of light components in the process reach saturation and are changed into liquid from gaseous phase, condensate generated by the primary condensation 13 flows into a buffer area in the middle of the oil-water separator 48 under the action of self gravity, condensate generated by the secondary condensation 14 and the tertiary condensation 15 flows into a buffer area in the middle of the oil-water separator 55, after being separated, the condensate enters a left water area and a right VOCs area, the condensate in the left water area of the gate valves 51 and 54 flows into a buffer water tank 56 through the observation of the indication of the liquid level meters 49 and 44, liquid organic waste gas is transported and reused through the gate valves 50 and 57, low-temperature water in the buffer water tank is mixed with make-up water as a cooling medium under the action of the centrifugal pump 45 to enter the water-cooling heat exchanger 8, and tail gas after deep condensation returns to the adsorption/desorption module 18 through the gate valve 23. The high-flow, high-concentration and complex-component oil gas after deep condensation of the absorption and desorption gas is subjected to cooling pretreatment, pressurized multistage absorption, absorption and desorption in turn, so that the absorption can be realized The outlet discharge concentration of the towers 46, 47 is lower than 20 mg/m 3 The total recovery rate of oil gas is more than 99 percent, thereby realizing ultra-low emission.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The pressurized multistage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas recovery method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
pretreatment is carried out firstly: the on-site incoming gas enters a pretreatment module, is pressurized and concentrated by a pressurizing device, and enters a water-cooling heat exchanger for cooling treatment to obtain pretreated organic waste gas; the pretreatment is specifically as follows: opening an air inlet gate valve, enabling on-site incoming air to enter a pretreatment module through a flame arrester, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor under the action of an air pump, pressurizing and concentrating through pressurizing equipment, enabling the on-site incoming air to enter a water-cooling heat exchanger for cooling treatment, enabling generated partial condensate to be stored in an oil-water separator through the gate valve, enabling condensed water to be stored in a cache water tank through the gate valve under the separation action of the oil-water separator, and enabling liquid organic waste gas to be transported and reused;
The organic waste gas recovery method for selecting pressurized multi-stage 'absorption+adsorption' or pressurized multi-stage 'condensation+adsorption' or pressurized multi-stage 'absorption+adsorption+condensation' according to actual engineering needs comprises the following steps:
for flow rate not less than 1000m 3 /h, concentration greater than 300g/m 3 Is easy to be mutually dissolved with the absorbent, and the concentration after treatment is lower than 80mg/m 3 The VOCs low emission requirement of (2) adopts a pressurized multistage 'absorption+adsorption' organic waste gas recovery method, namely the pretreated organic waste gas is treated by an absorption/desorption module, and the gas treated by the absorption/desorption module enters the absorption/desorption module for treatment; the method comprises the following steps: the pretreated organic waste gas enters a gas inlet at the bottom of the multi-stage absorption tower after passing through a compressor, a pressure sensor and a three-way valve, and most of the organic waste gas is absorbed by low temperature under the countercurrent contact effect of the pretreated organic waste gas and the low-temperature absorbentThe agent is dissolved and absorbed, the generated rich oil liquid is settled at the bottom of the multi-stage absorption tower, the opening degree is automatically adjusted by the three-way valve under the automatic control according to the indication of the liquid level meter at the side surface of the multi-stage absorption tower, part of low-temperature absorbent is conveyed to a second-stage spray port of the multi-stage absorption tower for recycling under the action of a centrifugal pump, most of rich oil liquid is conveyed to a desorption tower for desorption and regeneration under the action of the centrifugal pump, the low-temperature absorbent after being heated and vacuumized is conveyed to the spray port at the top of the multi-stage absorption tower for recycling under the action of the centrifugal pump through a gate valve and a water-cooling heat exchanger, and the cold energy of the water-cooling heat exchanger is provided by the outside; the organic waste gas generated after the low-temperature absorbent is heated and vacuum desorbed is pressurized by a compressor and then enters a water-cooling heat exchanger, the generated mixed liquid is stored in an oil-water separator, and the mixed liquid is output for reuse after separation; the non-liquefied organic waste gas is conveyed to an air inlet of the absorption/desorption module, is mixed with the pretreated organic waste gas and then returns to the absorption/desorption module; the gas treated by the absorption/desorption module is discharged from the top of the multistage absorption tower, enters the absorption/desorption module through a stop valve, is firstly absorbed by the absorption tower through adjusting an air inlet three-way valve, is absorbed by the absorption tower after being absorbed and penetrated, is subjected to absorption through adjusting the three-way valve, and is simultaneously subjected to vacuum pumping, desorption and regeneration, and the desorbed high-concentration organic waste gas and the pretreated organic waste gas are mixed and then returned to the absorption/desorption module for cyclic treatment;
For 500m 3 The flow rate of the water/h is less than or equal to 1000m 3 /h, concentration greater than 300g/m 3 The mole fraction of the light components of C2 and below is lower than 1.5%, the boiling point is higher than-50 ℃, and the concentration after treatment is lower than 80mg/m 3 The organic waste gas recovery method of pressurized multistage condensation and adsorption is adopted, namely the pretreated organic waste gas is treated by a condensation module, the gas treated by the condensation module is discharged into the atmosphere after reaching the standard through monitoring, and is treated by an adsorption/desorption module if not reaching the standard, specifically: the pretreated organic waste gas enters a condensation module after passing through a compressor, a pressure sensor and a three-way valve, and sequentially passes through primary condensation, secondary condensation and tertiary condensation, condensate generated by the primary condensation flows into a buffer area in the middle of an oil-water separator under the action of self gravity, and condensate generated by the secondary condensation and the tertiary condensation is equalizedAfter entering a buffer area in the middle of an oil-water separator, entering a left water area and a right VOCs area after separation, opening condensed water in the left water area of a gate valve to flow into a buffer water tank through observing the indication of a liquid level meter, conveying liquid organic waste gas out of the gate valve for reuse, mixing low-temperature water in the buffer water tank with make-up water through the gate valve under the action of a centrifugal pump to serve as cooling medium, entering a water-cooling heat exchanger, discharging gas into the atmosphere after three-stage condensation after monitoring, and enabling the gas to enter an adsorption tower through adjusting an air inlet three-way valve of an adsorption/desorption module if the gas does not reach the standard, switching the adsorption tower for adsorption and regeneration after the adsorption tower is adsorbed and penetrated, simultaneously vacuumizing the adsorption tower for desorption, mixing the desorbed high-concentration organic waste gas with the pretreated organic waste gas, and returning the organic waste gas to a condensation module for cyclic treatment;
For 500m 3 The flow rate of the water/h is less than or equal to 1000m 3 /h, concentration greater than 300g/m 3 Complex components, concentration after treatment lower than 20mg/m 3 The VOCs ultra-low emission requirement of (1) adopts a pressurized multistage 'absorption+adsorption+condensation' organic waste gas recovery method, namely, the pretreated organic waste gas is treated by an absorption/desorption module, the gas treated by the absorption/desorption module enters the absorption/desorption module for treatment, and the desorbed organic waste gas enters a condensation module for treatment, specifically: after pretreatment, organic waste gas enters a gas inlet at the bottom of a multi-stage absorption tower through a compressor, a pressure sensor and a three-way valve, and is in countercurrent contact with a low-temperature absorbent, most of the organic waste gas is dissolved and absorbed by the low-temperature absorbent, the generated rich oil liquid is settled at the bottom of the multi-stage absorption tower, the three-way valve is automatically controlled to automatically adjust the opening according to the liquid level meter indication of the side surface of the multi-stage absorption tower, part of the low-temperature absorbent is conveyed to a secondary spraying port of the multi-stage absorption tower for recycling under the action of a centrifugal pump, most of the rich oil liquid is conveyed to a desorption tower for desorption and regeneration under the action of the centrifugal pump, and the low-temperature absorbent after heating and vacuumizing is conveyed to the spraying port at the top of the multi-stage absorption tower for recycling through a gate valve and a water-cooling heat exchanger under the action of the centrifugal pump, and the cooling capacity of the water-cooling heat exchanger is provided by the outside; the organic waste gas generated by the low-temperature absorbent after heating and vacuum desorption enters a water-cooling heat exchanger after being pressurized by a compressor, and the generated mixed liquid is stored in an oil-water separator and separated The external transmission is reused; the non-liquefied organic waste gas is conveyed to an air inlet of the absorption/desorption module, is mixed with the pretreated organic waste gas and then returns to the absorption/desorption module; the gas treated by the absorption/desorption module is discharged from the top of the multistage absorption tower, enters the absorption/desorption module through a stop valve, is firstly absorbed by the absorption tower through adjusting an air inlet three-way valve, is absorbed by the absorption tower, is subjected to vacuum desorption regeneration by switching the absorption tower, and is simultaneously subjected to vacuum desorption regeneration, the desorbed high-concentration organic waste gas directly enters a first-stage condensation air inlet of a condensation module, sequentially passes through first-stage condensation, second-stage condensation and third-stage condensation, condensate generated by the first-stage condensation flows into a buffer area in the middle of an oil-water separator under the action of self gravity, condensate generated by the second-stage condensation and the third-stage condensation flows into a buffer area in the middle of the oil-water separator, enters a left water area and a right VOCs area after separation, the condensate in the left water area of a gate valve is opened to flow into a buffer water tank through observation of liquid level gauge indication, liquid organic waste gas is recycled through gate valve output, low-temperature water in the buffer water tank is mixed with make-up water as cooling medium under the action of a centrifugal pump, and enters the water-cooling heat exchanger through the gate valve, and the absorption/desorption module is returned through the gate valve after deep condensation.
2. The pressurized multistage "absorption, condensation, adsorption" module combined organic waste gas recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure regulation range of the pressurizing device is 0.2MPa to 1.2MPa; the area ratio of the gas channels of the water-cooled heat exchanger is 3.5-5.0: 1, the heat exchange area ratio is 2.0-3.0: 1, the cooling medium water of the water-cooled heat exchanger is provided by low-temperature condensed water generated by the liquefaction of the outside and the condensation module, and the temperature range of the cooling medium water is 10-25 ℃.
3. The method for recycling pressurized multi-stage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage absorption tower is a vertical tower, the multi-stage absorption tower is designed as a sectional spray type, two layers of sprays are arranged, an upper layer spray inlet is connected with a flowmeter and a heat exchanger, the upper layer spray amount is 10-100 m < 3 >/h, and a lower layer absorbent inlet is connected with a centrifugal pump and an automatic regulating valve.
4. The pressurized multistage "absorption, condensation, adsorption" module combined organic waste gas recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the condensation module comprises a three-stage condensation heat exchanger, the temperatures are respectively 1-5 ℃, 40-60 ℃ and 70-100 ℃, and the gas passage area ratio of the condensation chamber of the one-stage condensation heat exchanger is 3.5-6.0: 1, the heat exchange area ratio is 0.5-1.5: 1, a step of; the area ratio of the gas channels of the secondary condensation heat exchanger is 5.5-8.0: 1, the heat exchange area ratio is 1.5-3.5: 1, a step of; the area ratio of the gas channels of the condensing chamber of the three-stage condensing heat exchanger is 3.0-5.0: 1, the heat exchange area ratio is 0.5-1.5: 1.
5. The method for recycling the pressurized multi-stage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas according to claim 1, wherein an adsorption tower is arranged in the adsorption/desorption module, a heat exchanger is arranged in the adsorption tower, the heat exchanger is connected with a constant-temperature water bath, and the temperature adjustment range of the constant-temperature water bath is 10-120 ℃.
6. The method for recycling the pressurized multi-stage 'absorption, condensation and adsorption' module combined organic waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the oil-water separator is a horizontal separator, a liquid level meter is arranged on the side surface of the oil-water separator, two partition plates are arranged on the left side and the right side of the oil-water separator, the distance between the partition plates is 500-1200 mm, and the inner part of the oil-water separator is divided into a left water area, a middle buffer area and a right VOCs storage area.
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US6364943B1 (en) * 1999-08-04 2002-04-02 Taikisha Ltd. Gas treatment system
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CN108744882A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-11-06 浙江天采云集科技股份有限公司 A kind of LED-MOCVD processing procedures exhaust gas method that warm journey pressure-variable adsorption puies forward ammonia recycling entirely
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