CN113907744A - Paper-based pressure sensor and wearable device capable of monitoring respiration - Google Patents
Paper-based pressure sensor and wearable device capable of monitoring respiration Download PDFInfo
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- CN113907744A CN113907744A CN202111522937.1A CN202111522937A CN113907744A CN 113907744 A CN113907744 A CN 113907744A CN 202111522937 A CN202111522937 A CN 202111522937A CN 113907744 A CN113907744 A CN 113907744A
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sensor, in particular to a paper-based pressure sensor and a wearable device capable of monitoring breath. A paper-based pressure sensor includes an insulating paper substrate, electrodes, a conductive layer, and an encapsulation layer. The utility model provides a respiratory wearing device of monitorable, includes wearing device, paper base pressure sensor, signal processing module, communication module and power module. The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the paper-based pressure sensor has the advantages that the paper-based pressure sensor is higher in sensitivity, simple in structure, light and thin, easy to deform, good in wearability and lower in cost. And provide a can monitor respiratory wearing device, utilize above-mentioned paper base pressure sensor's high sensitivity, monitor different breathing condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sensor, in particular to a paper-based pressure sensor and a wearable device capable of monitoring breath.
Background
The sensor is a precise device or device, and can convert various non-electric quantity signals which are not easy to capture or measure into electric quantity signals which are easy to detect and display. Especially, the flexible wearable sensor has wide application prospect in the fields of artificial intelligence, bioelectronics, medical treatment and human-computer interaction. The flexible wearable sensor with high sensitivity can be used for monitoring physiological parameters of human body such as pulse, respiration and the like, so that the flexible wearable sensor becomes a popular research direction in the field of medical care.
For example, the invention patent of China, application No. 202110307158.3, flexibility intelligent stress sensor based on MXene electronic fabric composite material and preparation method thereof, discloses a sensor using MXene treated dust-free paper and fabric composite material. Among them, the dust-free paper is also called dry-process paper-making nonwoven fabric, which is one kind of dry-process nonwoven fabric. The dust-free paper is essentially a nonwoven fabric, although it is referred to as paper. The above prior patents disclose a graph of the relative resistance change data of the sensor at different pressures of the cycle as shown in fig. 1, and the corresponding sensitivity curve as shown in fig. 2. However, the technical scheme still has low sensitivity and relatively high cost.
And the calculation formula of the sensitivity of the piezoresistive sensor is as follows:
wherein
In order to change the amount of the sensor current,
is the initial current of the sensor and is,
is the applied pressure. The calculation formula shows that when the applied pressure is the same, the larger the current variation of the sensor, the higher the sensitivity of the sensor, which requires the sensor to have good conductivity, so the initial resistance of the sensor is small. Under the working voltage, the resistance of the sensor is gradually reduced and the current is gradually increased along with the gradual increase of the externally applied pressure. But due to the initial resistance of the sensor being relatively highSmall, the resistance of the sensor quickly drops to a minimum value as the applied pressure increases, thereby exhibiting a relatively small detection range. In order for the sensor to exhibit a larger detection range, the sensor is required to have a larger initial resistance, but this results in a decrease in the sensitivity of the sensor. Therefore, how to make the sensor simultaneously obtain high sensitivity and wide detection range has recognized a technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art, and provides the paper-based pressure sensor and the wearable device capable of monitoring respiration, which have higher sensitivity and can accurately distinguish different respiration conditions.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a paper-based pressure sensor comprises an insulating paper substrate, an electrode, a conducting layer and a packaging layer, wherein the electrode is attached to one surface of the insulating paper substrate, the conducting layer is MXene modified domestic paper, the conducting layer covers the surface of the electrode, and the packaging layer is adhered to the substrate and covers the electrode and the conducting layer;
wherein, the household paper should meet the following technical indexes: the roughness of the printing surface is 0.82-0.89 mu m, the porosity is 20-35%, the transverse water absorption is more than or equal to 30mm/100s, and the softness is 180-350 mN.
A wearable device capable of monitoring breath comprises a wearable device, a paper-based pressure sensor, a signal processing module, a communication module and a power supply module;
the wearing device covers the face of a wearer and is provided with a breathing passage for the flow of breathing airflow;
the paper-based pressure sensor is arranged in the breathing channel and used for converting pressure change caused by breathing airflow into change of an electric signal;
the signal processing module is used for processing the electric signal output by the paper-based pressure sensor;
the communication module is used for transmitting the data output by the signal processing module to external equipment;
the power module supplies power to the pressure sensor, the signal processing module and the communication module.
According to the technical scheme, preferably, a breathing valve is arranged in the breathing channel, the paper-based pressure sensor is fixed on the inner side of the breathing valve, and the packaging layer of the paper-based pressure sensor faces the inner side of the wearable device.
According to the above technical solution, preferably, the mobile terminal further includes a charging module.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the pressure sensor with higher sensitivity is provided, and the pressure sensor is simple in structure, light and thin, easy to deform, good in wearability and lower in cost. And provide a can monitor respiratory wearing device, utilize above-mentioned paper base pressure sensor's high sensitivity, monitor different breathing condition.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a graph of the relative resistance change of the sensor of the prior art patent at different pressures in the background art.
Fig. 2 shows a graph of the sensitivity variation corresponding to fig. 1.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an explosive structure of an embodiment of a paper based pressure sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a schematic of the overall structure of an embodiment of a paper-based pressure sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows a schematic of the structure of an embodiment of a paper based pressure sensor of the present invention before the conductive layer and electrodes are pressed under force.
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive layer and the electrode of the paper-based pressure sensor of the embodiment of the present invention after being pressed by force.
FIG. 7 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of an embodiment of a paper based pressure sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 8 shows the relative resistance change at different pressures for an embodiment of a paper-based pressure sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 9 shows the corresponding sensitivity diagram of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a respiratory mask according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 shows a block circuit diagram of an embodiment of a mask for monitoring breathing in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 12 shows a signal acquisition circuit diagram of an embodiment of a respiratory mask of the present invention.
Fig. 13 shows a low pass filter circuit diagram of an embodiment of a respiratory mask of the present invention.
Fig. 14 shows an enlarged circuit diagram of an embodiment of a respiratory mask of the present invention.
Fig. 15 shows a power circuit diagram of an embodiment of a mask for monitoring breathing of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a graph showing the results of the test of breathing rate before and after movement for an embodiment of a mask for monitoring breathing of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a graph showing the results of a test of the breathing rate of different breathing states of an embodiment of a mask for monitoring breathing according to the present invention.
FIG. 18 shows a table comparing the performance of the sensor of the present invention with other sensors.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises an insulating paper substrate, 2 electrodes, 3 conducting layers, 4 packaging layers, 5 conducting wires, 6 wearing devices, 7 paper-based pressure sensors, 8 signal processing modules, 9 communication modules, 10 power supply modules, 11 breather valves and 12 charging modules.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the paper-based pressure sensor of the present invention comprises an insulating paper substrate 1, an electrode 2, a conductive layer 3 and a packaging layer 4, wherein the electrode is attached to one surface of the insulating paper substrate, the conductive layer is MXene modified household paper, the conductive layer covers the surface of the electrode, and the packaging layer is adhered to the substrate and covers the electrode and the conductive layer;
wherein, the household paper should meet the following technical indexes: the roughness of the printing surface is 0.82-0.89 mu m, the porosity is 20-35%, the transverse water absorption is more than or equal to 30mm/100s, and the softness is 180-350 mN.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the conductive layer contacts the electrodes. When the conducting layer is pressed, the MXene modified paper deforms, so that the contact area between the MXene modified paper and the electrode changes, and finally the change of the resistance of the sensor is shown.
As shown in fig. 7, the sensor is the sum of the resistance Re of the electrode, the resistance Rb of the conductive layer, and the contact resistance Rc between the conductive layer and the electrode. Because the conducting layer has a large number of pores and folds, when the sensor bears load, the conducting layer deforms, so that the contact area of conducting fibers of the conducting layer is increased, and the resistance Rb of the conducting layer is reduced; meanwhile, since the conductive layer has a rough surface, a contact area between the conductive layer and the electrode increases when pressure is applied, resulting in a decrease in contact resistance Rc between the conductive layer and the electrode. The resistance of the sensor is reduced.
The insulating paper substrate is a soft insulating paper, such as printing paper or weighing paper. The electrodes are formed by printing conductive silver paste on the insulating paper substrate, and can be printed according to the shape of the interdigital electrodes to obtain the insulating paper substrate provided with the interdigital electrodes. The lead 5 is fixed on the electrode through the lead fixing unit, and specifically, the lead can be bonded at two ends of the electrode by adopting conductive silver adhesive and is connected with an external test instrument. The conductive layer covers the interdigital electrodes. The packaging layer is polyimide adhesive tape or insulating paper. And covering all the electrodes and the conductive layer on the outer side of the conductive layer through a packaging layer, and bonding the packaging layer on the insulating paper substrate to complete packaging.
The conductive layer is living paper subjected to MXene modification treatment. The MXene modification treatment method comprises the following steps: dipping the household paper into MXene solution with the concentration of 2-5mg/ml by using a dip coating method, and then putting the dipped household paper into a vacuum drying oven for drying treatment to obtain the MXene modified household paper. The living paper adopted by the conductive layer has good hydrophilicity and large specific surface area, and a large number of pores and cellulose exist, a layer of MXene particles can be uniformly attached to the cellulose after dip-coating treatment, and the MXene particles with a conductive function can be attached to the pores to form the conductive layer.
The conductive layer can adopt one or more layers of MXene modified domestic paper which are stacked, and flexible paper with different thicknesses can be selected according to the use purpose or use environment of the pressure sensor.
The living paper used for the conductive layer comprises toilet paper, tissue, paper towel or handkerchief paper and the like. Different from the dust-free paper in the prior art, the technical scheme utilizes the characteristics of large specific surface area and a large number of pores for living, and the structure of the living paper is not changed after MXene modification treatment, so that the high sensitivity of the sensor is realized, and the sensing layer can generate corresponding changes with obvious differences when being subjected to different pressure loads.
In addition, the sensor adopts a sandwich structure of 'insulating paper substrate-conducting layer-packaging layer', so that the sensor is simpler in structure, lighter in weight, softer, more attached to wearable equipment and capable of remarkably improving sensitivity.
The invention adopts the two-dimensional material MXene and the rough and porous paper towel with excellent conductivity to manufacture the sensitive layer (MXene/paper towel) of the sensor, so that the sensor has good conductivity and larger resistance change range. The specific principle is as follows: in the absence of external pressure, due to the fact that the surface structure of the MXene/tissue is rough, only a small part of the MXene/tissue is in contact with the sensor electrode, and meanwhile, a plurality of air holes are formed in the MXene/tissue, so that the number of conductive paths in the MXene/tissue is small, when the sensor receives small pressure, the contact area of the MXene/tissue and the sensor electrode is changed firstly, the resistance of the sensor is reduced sharply, high sensitivity is achieved, the contact area of the MXene/tissue and the sensor electrode reaches the maximum value along with further increase of the external pressure, the air holes in the MXene/tissue are reduced gradually under the action of the pressure, the number of conductive paths in the MXene/tissue is increased, the resistance of the sensor is further reduced, and the sensor shows a large detection range.
Fig. 1 and 2 show the relative resistance change and the corresponding sensitivity curve of a prior art sensor at different pressures, and fig. 8 and 9 show the relative resistance change and the corresponding sensitivity curve of a sensor of the present solution at different pressures. It can be obviously seen that the technical scheme is more sensitive to the response of different pressures, the sensitivity is 509.522KPa-1, the detection limit is 1Pa, and the response time is 150 ms.
The preparation method of the paper-based pressure sensor comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting paper to obtain a substrate;
s2: printing conductive silver paste on a substrate, and drying the conductive silver paste to form an electrode on the substrate;
s3: cutting paper, dipping the paper in MXene solution, taking out and drying to obtain MXene modified paper as a conductive layer;
s4: and covering the electrode with the conducting layer, covering the conducting layer with the packaging layer, and bonding the packaging layer and the substrate outside the electrode and the conducting layer to form packaging to obtain the paper-based pressure sensor.
The preparation method of the MXene solution comprises the following steps:
s01: adding 1g of lithium fluoride into 10mL of 9mol/L hydrochloric acid, and then fully mixing at room temperature to obtain an etchant;
s02: gradually adding 1g of Ti3AlC2 powder into the etchant, continuously stirring at 35 ℃ and reacting for 24 hours to obtain a reaction mixture;
s03: repeatedly washing the reaction mixture with deionized water until the pH value of the supernatant separated by the centrifugal action is more than or equal to 6;
s04: separating the black liquid of Ti3C2Tx from the unetched Ti3AlC2 grey solid followed by vacuum filtration to obtain Ti3C2Tx powder;
s05: mixing Ti3C2Tx powder and deionized water to prepare MXene solution.
A wearable device capable of monitoring breath comprises a wearable device 6, the paper-based pressure sensor 7, a signal processing module 8, a communication module 9 and a power supply module 10, wherein the paper-based pressure sensor is provided with the following embodiments:
the wearing device covers the face of a wearer, the wearing device is provided with a breathing passage for the flow of breathing airflow, and the wearing device can be a mask, a face mask, a hood or protective clothing;
the paper-based pressure sensor is arranged in the breathing channel and used for converting pressure change caused by breathing airflow into change of an electric signal;
the signal processing module is used for processing the electric signal output by the paper-based pressure sensor and can adopt STM32F4 series chips of the ST company;
the communication module is used for transmitting the data output by the signal processing module to external equipment and can be realized by adopting a wireless communication mode, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and the like;
the power module supplies power for the pressure sensor, the signal processing module and the communication module, and can adopt a lithium battery to supply power.
Fig. 11 to 15 show the circuit configuration diagram described above.
According to the above embodiment, preferably, the breathing channel is provided with the breathing valve 11, the paper-based pressure sensor is fixed on the inner side of the breathing valve, the paper-based pressure sensor can be fixed in a sticking mode, and the packaging layer of the paper-based pressure sensor faces to the inner side of the wearing device. Can be replaced after being used for a period of time, thereby reducing the use cost of the intelligent mask.
According to the above embodiment, it is preferable that the power supply further comprises a charging module 12 for charging the power supply module.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the wearing device covers the face of the wearer, and the air flow breathed by the wearer is communicated with the outside through the breathing passage. In the installation of paper base pressure sensor and breathing passageway, breathe the air current and can make paper base pressure sensor's conducting layer receive pressure influence to take place to warp, the conducting layer warp and lead to direct pressure sensor's resistance change, and the signal of telecommunication of output also changes. The signal processing module obtains data such as breathing frequency, intensity, breathing time and the like from the electric signals output by the paper-based pressure sensor. The communication module transmits the data output by the signal processing module to external equipment such as a mobile phone, electric energy and the like in a wireless communication mode.
This technical scheme adopts above-mentioned paper base pressure sensor that has high sensitivity, can distinguish different breathing condition, specifically can see the following embodiment:
example one
The paper-based pressure sensor-based intelligent mask capable of monitoring respiration in real time monitors the breathing frequency before and after movement in real time, and the result is shown in fig. 16. The tested object wears the intelligent mask which is based on the paper-based pressure sensor and can monitor respiration in real time to perform respiration tests respectively after five minutes of normal state and running movement. As shown in fig. 16, the breathing frequency and the breathing intensity after movement are significantly higher than those before movement, which indicates that the intelligent mask capable of monitoring breathing in real time based on the paper-based pressure sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention can accurately detect the breathing condition of the detected object in different movement states in real time.
Example two
The paper-based pressure sensor-based intelligent mask capable of monitoring respiration in real time disclosed by the embodiment of the invention can be used for monitoring different respiration states in real time, and the result is shown in fig. 17. The tested object wears an intelligent mask which is based on a paper-based pressure sensor and can monitor respiration in real time to respectively carry out three respiration actions of normal respiration, deep respiration and breath holding. As shown in fig. 17, three different breathing states, namely normal breathing, deep breathing and breath holding, can be distinguished obviously through the current change of the intelligent mask, which shows that the intelligent mask capable of monitoring breathing in real time based on the paper-based pressure sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention can monitor and distinguish the breathing state of a wearer in real time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the pressure sensor with higher sensitivity is provided, and the pressure sensor is simple in structure, light and thin, easy to deform, good in wearability and lower in cost. And provide a can monitor respiratory wearing device, utilize above-mentioned paper base pressure sensor's high sensitivity, monitor different breathing condition.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A paper-based pressure sensor characterized by: the electrode is attached to one surface of the insulating paper substrate, the conductive layer is MXene modified domestic paper, the conductive layer covers the surface of the electrode, and the packaging layer is adhered to the substrate and covers the electrode and the conductive layer;
wherein, the household paper should meet the following technical indexes: the roughness of the printing surface is 0.82-0.89 mu m, the porosity is 20-35%, the transverse water absorption is more than or equal to 30mm/100s, and the softness is 180-350 mN.
2. A wearable device that can monitor respiration, its characterized in that: the paper-based pressure sensor comprises a wearing device, the paper-based pressure sensor in claim 1, a signal processing module, a communication module and a power supply module;
the wearing device covers the face of a wearer and is provided with a breathing passage for the flow of breathing airflow;
the paper-based pressure sensor is arranged in the breathing channel and used for converting pressure change caused by breathing airflow into change of an electric signal;
the signal processing module is used for processing the electric signal output by the paper-based pressure sensor;
the communication module is used for transmitting the data output by the signal processing module to external equipment;
the power module supplies power to the pressure sensor, the signal processing module and the communication module.
3. A wearable device for monitoring respiration as claimed in claim 2, wherein: be equipped with the breather valve in the breathing passageway, paper base pressure sensor is fixed in the inboard of breather valve, and paper base pressure sensor's packaging layer is towards the inboard of wearing the device.
4. A wearable device for monitoring respiration as claimed in claim 2, wherein: also comprises a charging module.
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Application publication date: 20220111 |