CN113905491A - Power and energy automatic compensation method suitable for tunnel lighting system - Google Patents
Power and energy automatic compensation method suitable for tunnel lighting system Download PDFInfo
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- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
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Abstract
The invention provides a power and energy automatic compensation method suitable for a tunnel lighting system, which comprises the following steps: step (1): the key technical research of the low-carbon energy-saving intelligent tunnel realizes automatic power (energy) compensation on the basis of ensuring low carbon and energy saving; the invention establishes a control model between the tunnel entrance brightness, the tunnel internal brightness, the tunnel traffic volume, the tunnel design driving speed, the tunnel line shape, the tunnel internal visibility and the output regulating current of the regulating controller, further standardizes the lighting index, the dimming mode and the energy-saving standard of the tunnel, greatly improves the driving safety of the tunnel, develops a related system, ensures the safe operation of the tunnel, realizes the self-adaptive tunnel safe and efficient energy-saving controller with multivariable state space modeling, has the control model of manual intervention, and realizes the energy-saving control and the emergency control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel lighting systems, and particularly relates to a power and energy automatic compensation method suitable for a tunnel lighting system.
Background
The tunnel is an engineering building buried in the stratum and is a form of utilizing underground space by human beings, the tunnel can be divided into a traffic tunnel, a hydraulic tunnel, a municipal tunnel, a mine tunnel, a military tunnel and the like, a tunnel lighting system can improve the road surface condition in the tunnel, improve the visual sense of a driver in the tunnel, relieve the fatigue of the driver, be beneficial to improving the traffic capacity of the tunnel and ensure the traffic safety, and the implementation of a tunnel lighting control scheme depends on the support of an advanced control technology and a control mode, and ensures the normal operation of tunnel lighting and ensures enough power supply for tunnel lighting.
However, the power compensation method of the existing tunnel lighting system is not perfect, the first-line production energy consumption of the highway tunnel is mainly calculated by a manual system, the timeliness and the accuracy of energy consumption information are not sufficient, each toll station and each company can count the energy consumption according to only one electric meter, the electricity consumption of each system can not be counted, the classified statistical analysis can not be performed on high-capacity energy consumption terminal equipment in each system, and the environmental protection performance and the energy saving performance are not sufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a power and energy automatic compensation method for a tunnel lighting system, which solves the problems in the related art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a power and energy automatic compensation method suitable for a tunnel lighting system comprises the following steps:
step (1): the key technical research of the low-carbon energy-saving intelligent tunnel realizes automatic power (energy) compensation on the basis of ensuring low carbon and energy saving; the method mainly comprises the following steps:
1) the research of the tunnel LED stepless dimming control technology mainly comprises the research of high-efficiency energy-saving control of tunnel illumination, the research of stepless regulation of light brightness along with the visibility of a tunnel and the research of the relation between tunnel illumination and the average traveling speed in the tunnel, the tunnel linearity and the like;
2) the research of the tunnel lighting safety fault-tolerant technology mainly comprises the steps of ensuring smooth communication, ensuring that a controller automatically enters a normal dimming state after power failure recovery, ensuring that the controller can be maintained to work for a long time by a self-contained clock power supply, and the like;
3) the research of the tunnel lighting single lamp control technology mainly comprises the steps of establishing a lighting virtual control loop and a monitoring control platform and completing a tunnel single lamp control model;
4) the research of the tunnel energy monitoring system comprises the steps of establishing an on-line monitoring and control terminal device integrated research and development and an open unified interface protocol for main energy consumption equipment of a highway tunnel, and establishing an access technical standard of a platform by analyzing the requirements and system functions of a highway tunnel energy monitoring and control platform;
step (2): the power factor research of the tunnel lighting system mainly comprises the following aspects:
1) influence of the working state of the transformer;
2) the influence of the supply voltage;
3) power factor of the lighting circuit;
and (3): the method for realizing the automatic power (energy) compensation of the tunnel lighting system comprises the following steps:
1) collecting relevant data from a tunnel lighting system control center;
2) performing voltage analysis and reactive power analysis on the tunnel lighting system;
3) determining real-time areas according to the analysis result, determining an adjusting method of each area, and adjusting the transformer and the like;
4) and the tunnel lighting control center executes automatic compensation, and adjusts the real-time state of the tunnel lighting system to a state that the voltage and the idle work are both qualified.
Further, the attention points of the tunnel lighting energy saving in the step (1) are as follows:
the geographical position of each tunnel, tunnel structure, lane number, line type, design hourly speed and traffic flow are different, the same control model cannot be adopted for illumination control, different tunnel illumination control models need to be constructed according to the characteristics of different tunnels, the constructed models need to meet the requirements of design specifications, the intelligent illumination system and the safe and efficient energy-saving control experience of related industries are researched and researched, the characteristics of design specifications of tunnel illumination, construction maintenance, tunnel safety and the like are considered, and the overall architecture of the tunnel intelligent dimming control system with complete functions is constructed.
Further, the energy saving of the tunnel lighting in the step (1) is mainly embodied in that:
the control system has the functions of dimming and single lamp control, can receive a monitoring center signal, automatically enters an abnormal working state, and ensures the safety of the tunnel.
Further, the influence of the power supply voltage in the step (2) is as follows:
when the supply voltage is higher than 10% of the rated value, the reactive power is increased rapidly; when the power supply voltage is 110% of the rated value, the reactive power is increased by about 30%; when the supply voltage is below the rated value, the reactive power is also reduced accordingly, and the power factor is increased.
Further, the power factor of the lighting circuit in the step (2) is:
in a tunnel lighting system, the power factor of a commonly used high-pressure sodium lamp is between 0.8 and 0.9, the power factor of a high-pressure mercury lamp is about 0.9, and the power factor of a ballast is low, so that the power factor of a high-pressure sodium lamp circuit is between 0.38 and 0.45 and the power factor of a high-pressure mercury lamp circuit is between 0.45 and 0.6 under the condition that the lighting lamp is not compensated by a single lamp, and the power factor of the tunnel lighting system needs to be close to 1.0 as much as possible, so that the compensated power factor needs to be selected between 0.85 and 0.95, and the capacity of a capacitor is increased.
Furthermore, the actual brightness outside the tunnel is detected through the brightness detector, the number of the lamps and lanterns is adjusted, the working state of the lamps and lanterns can be effectively managed, a good visual environment is provided for a driver, unnecessary lamps and lanterns and fans are turned off in a reasonable range, the operation cost is saved, and the tunnel in a mountain area has obvious advantages.
Further, the tunnel illumination safety control fault-tolerant technology is intensively researched, and the following steps are fully considered: firstly, a communication interface and a protocol meet the requirements of the existing special traffic communication standard so as to solve the problem that controllers of different manufacturers cannot be interconnected and exchanged in practical application, secondly, the deviation of a controller clock can influence the preset opening time and closing time of an LED lamp, and the controller has a clock calibration function; in mountainous areas, the central control room is far away from the tunnel site, communication needs to be realized through a switchboard and an optical cable, communication interruption can be caused by any link fault, and in order to improve the dimming reliability of the controller and ensure normal dimming under the condition that no central control room or central control room communication interruption exists, the lighting controller has the function of independently completing dimming control function and remote automatic control function on site; fourthly, as the power failure of the tunnels in the mountainous area often occurs, the set parameters of the developed controller are not lost after the power failure, and the controller can automatically enter a normal dimming state when power supply is recovered; fifthly, a clock power supply is required to be provided in the controller, and the clock can be maintained for more than 10 days; sixthly, in many application places, network congestion or interruption frequently occurs, a controller safety mode needs to be set, the controller preferably has the functions of a main trunk and a core, supports double hardware, realizes redundancy in a repeated mode, and plays a role in centralized management and decentralized control, and under an emergency condition, a system is automatically switched to a conventional illumination state through a bypass device within 30 s; and a safety programmable controller and a packaging technology thereof are introduced, when a component or an actuating mechanism has a fault, reliable response can be realized, and the provided safety function software module can ensure coordinated control of a collection point and a control point.
Furthermore, based on the tunnel single lamp control technology of the Internet of things, a lighting virtual control loop and a monitoring control platform are established, a tunnel single lamp control model is completed, technical support is provided for intelligent dimming of lamps, remote monitoring of the running state and reasonable arrangement of strong and weak cables in a tunnel, and the economy, safety, stability and reliability of a lighting system are greatly improved.
Furthermore, the research starts from a technical framework and a key technology of the road energy online statistical monitoring system, provides a technical basis for top-level design, network transmission, technical feasibility and standardization of the road online monitoring system under big data, and standardizes the construction work of monitoring the energy consumption of the basic terminal.
Compared with the prior art, the power and energy automatic compensation method applicable to the tunnel lighting system has the following advantages:
1. the invention establishes a control model between tunnel entrance brightness, tunnel internal brightness, tunnel traffic, tunnel design driving speed, tunnel line shape, tunnel visibility and output regulating current of a regulating controller, further standardizes the lighting index, dimming mode and energy-saving standard of the tunnel, greatly improves the driving safety of the tunnel, develops related systems, ensures the safe operation of the tunnel, realizes a self-adaptive tunnel safe and efficient energy-saving controller with multivariable state space modeling, has a control model of manual intervention, and realizes energy-saving control and emergency control;
2. the invention fully embodies the concepts of informatization, networking, standardization and intellectualization of the management work of the electromechanical equipment by using the research and development of the system, improves the management efficiency, pays attention to the actual effect on the basis of the mature technology of the system research and development, realizes the compatibility with other information systems, considers the environmental factors of a road tunnel, such as the factors of lightning protection, moisture protection, dust prevention, high and low temperature performance and the like of the equipment, focuses on the integrated integration design of the system integration, simplifies the installation and maintenance of the equipment, fully considers the integration and utilizes the existing resources, avoids the repeated construction, utilizes the technical means of the internet of things and the electromechanical facilities of the existing tunnel to acquire data and release information, and develops the standard input and output interface to be compatible with the existing management system;
3. according to the invention, relevant data are collected from the tunnel lighting system control center, voltage analysis and reactive power analysis are carried out on the tunnel lighting system, real-time areas are determined according to analysis results, adjusting methods of all the areas are determined, a transformer and the like are adjusted, automatic compensation is carried out by the tunnel lighting control center, the real-time state of the tunnel lighting system is adjusted to be in a state that both the voltage and the reactive power are qualified, and the stable operation of the tunnel lighting system is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a safe, efficient and energy-saving control framework for tunnel lighting according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the construction of the tunnel lighting energy-efficient control system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the tunnel lighting energy-efficient control system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the energy-efficient controller for tunnel lighting of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a weak current wiring diagram of the tunnel lighting high-efficiency energy-saving control system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a strong electric wiring diagram of the tunnel lighting high-efficiency energy-saving control system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a wiring diagram of the tunnel lighting high-efficiency energy-saving control system of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a signal transmission system diagram of the tunnel lighting high-efficiency energy-saving control of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
A power and energy automatic compensation method suitable for a tunnel lighting system comprises the following steps:
step (1): the key technical research of the low-carbon energy-saving intelligent tunnel realizes automatic power (energy) compensation on the basis of ensuring low carbon and energy saving; the method mainly comprises the following steps:
1) the research of the tunnel LED stepless dimming control technology mainly comprises the research of high-efficiency energy-saving control of tunnel illumination, the research of stepless regulation of light brightness along with the visibility of a tunnel and the research of the relation between tunnel illumination and the average traveling speed in the tunnel, the tunnel linearity and the like;
2) the research of the tunnel lighting safety fault-tolerant technology mainly comprises the steps of ensuring smooth communication, ensuring that a controller automatically enters a normal dimming state after power failure recovery, ensuring that the controller can be maintained to work for a long time by a self-contained clock power supply, and the like;
3) the research of the tunnel lighting single lamp control technology mainly comprises the steps of establishing a lighting virtual control loop and a monitoring control platform and completing a tunnel single lamp control model;
4) the research of the tunnel energy monitoring system comprises the steps of establishing an on-line monitoring and control terminal device integrated research and development and an open unified interface protocol for main energy consumption equipment of a highway tunnel, and establishing an access technical standard of a platform by analyzing the requirements and system functions of a highway tunnel energy monitoring and control platform;
step (2): the power factor research of the tunnel lighting system mainly comprises the following aspects:
1) influence of the working state of the transformer;
2) the influence of the supply voltage;
3) power factor of the lighting circuit;
and (3): the method for realizing the automatic power (energy) compensation of the tunnel lighting system comprises the following steps:
1) collecting relevant data from a tunnel lighting system control center;
2) performing voltage analysis and reactive power analysis on the tunnel lighting system;
3) determining real-time areas according to the analysis result, determining an adjusting method of each area, and adjusting the transformer and the like;
4) and the tunnel lighting control center executes automatic compensation, and adjusts the real-time state of the tunnel lighting system to a state that the voltage and the idle work are both qualified.
In this embodiment, the considerations for saving energy in tunnel lighting in step (1) are as follows:
the geographical position of each tunnel, tunnel structure, lane number, line type, design hourly speed and traffic flow are different, the same control model cannot be adopted for illumination control, different tunnel illumination control models need to be constructed according to the characteristics of different tunnels, the constructed models need to meet the requirements of design specifications, the intelligent illumination system and the safe and efficient energy-saving control experience of related industries are researched and researched, the characteristics of design specifications of tunnel illumination, construction maintenance, tunnel safety and the like are considered, and the overall architecture of the tunnel intelligent dimming control system with complete functions is constructed.
In this embodiment, the energy saving for tunnel lighting in step (1) is mainly embodied as follows:
the control system has the functions of dimming and single lamp control, can receive a monitoring center signal, automatically enters an abnormal working state, and ensures the safety of the tunnel.
In this embodiment, the influence of the power supply voltage in the step (2) is as follows:
when the supply voltage is higher than 10% of the rated value, the reactive power is increased rapidly; when the power supply voltage is 110% of the rated value, the reactive power is increased by about 30%; when the supply voltage is below the rated value, the reactive power is also reduced accordingly, and the power factor is increased.
In this embodiment, the power factor of the lighting circuit in step (2) is:
in a tunnel lighting system, the power factor of a commonly used high-pressure sodium lamp is between 0.8 and 0.9, the power factor of a high-pressure mercury lamp is about 0.9, and the power factor of a ballast is low, so that the power factor of a high-pressure sodium lamp circuit is between 0.38 and 0.45 and the power factor of a high-pressure mercury lamp circuit is between 0.45 and 0.6 under the condition that the lighting lamp is not compensated by a single lamp, and the power factor of the tunnel lighting system needs to be close to 1.0 as much as possible, so that the compensated power factor needs to be selected between 0.85 and 0.95, and the capacity of a capacitor is increased.
In the embodiment, the actual brightness outside the tunnel is detected through the brightness detector, the number of the lamps and lanterns is adjusted, the working state of the lamps and lanterns can be effectively managed, a good visual environment is provided for a driver, unnecessary lamps and lanterns and fans are turned off in a reasonable range, the operation cost is saved, and the tunnel in a mountainous area has obvious advantages.
In this embodiment, the study of the fault-tolerant technology of tunnel lighting safety control is focused, and fully considers: firstly, a communication interface and a protocol meet the requirements of the existing special traffic communication standard so as to solve the problem that controllers of different manufacturers cannot be interconnected and exchanged in practical application, secondly, the deviation of a controller clock can influence the preset opening time and closing time of an LED lamp, and the controller has a clock calibration function; in mountainous areas, the central control room is far away from the tunnel site, communication needs to be realized through a switchboard and an optical cable, communication interruption can be caused by any link fault, and in order to improve the dimming reliability of the controller and ensure normal dimming under the condition that no central control room or central control room communication interruption exists, the lighting controller has the function of independently completing dimming control function and remote automatic control function on site; fourthly, as the power failure of the tunnels in the mountainous area often occurs, the set parameters of the developed controller are not lost after the power failure, and the controller can automatically enter a normal dimming state when power supply is recovered; fifthly, a clock power supply is required to be provided in the controller, and the clock can be maintained for more than 10 days; sixthly, in many application places, network congestion or interruption frequently occurs, a controller safety mode needs to be set, the controller preferably has the functions of a main trunk and a core, supports double hardware, realizes redundancy in a repeated mode, and plays a role in centralized management and decentralized control, and under an emergency condition, a system is automatically switched to a conventional illumination state through a bypass device within 30 s; and a safety programmable controller and a packaging technology thereof are introduced, when a component or an actuating mechanism has a fault, reliable response can be realized, and the provided safety function software module can ensure coordinated control of a collection point and a control point.
The intelligent dimming control system is characterized in that sensors such as a geomagnetic vehicle inspection sensor, a Doppler radar sensor and an out-of-tunnel luminance meter are additionally arranged to acquire traffic volume, average vehicle speed, average vehicle distance and out-of-tunnel luminance in the tunnel, the instant time is determined by a system with a clock, and an illumination control signal is output by combining comprehensive calculation of parameters such as in-tunnel visibility and traffic incident factors output by a tunnel safety linkage system to realize intelligent dimming control of the tunnel.
The core part of the system is a central processing unit of the tunnel energy-saving controller, and a power management module, a video monitoring module, an infrared sensing module, a radar sensing module, a loop control output module, a 232 interface module, a communication module, a 485 interface module and a microwave sensing module illumination sensing module are designed to jointly form a tunnel illumination safe, efficient and energy-saving control system framework.
The tunnel lighting control system comprises field acquisition equipment, a lighting control host and LED dimming control equipment, wherein the lighting control host is connected with the field acquisition equipment such as a geomagnetic vehicle inspection device, a microwave vehicle inspection device and a dual-illumination instrument through a control bus, and is connected with each single-lamp controller through a power carrier host, so that the real-time state of each LED lamp is acquired, the brightness output is controlled, an emergency manual control mode is set, the problem that tunnel lighting is out of control due to system faults is avoided, the detailed design is carried out on project groups, and in the aspect of design, a strong current and weak current separation mode is adopted, so that the interference of strong current to weak current is avoided.
In this embodiment, based on the tunnel single lamp control technology of thing networking, establish illumination virtual control circuit and monitor control platform, accomplish tunnel single lamp control model, for realizing lamps and lanterns intelligent dimming, operating condition remote monitoring and tunnel in strong, the weak current cable rationally lay provide technical support, increase substantially lighting system's economic nature, security, stability and reliability.
The tunnel lighting control system is characterized in that a control host is divided into a strong current part and a weak current part, wherein the main module has the following functions: 1. the control host is controlled by an independently developed SPLC (ARM processor), performs comprehensive dimming according to the hole brightness, the traffic flow, the tunnel event information and the like, provides an Ethernet port, and communicates with the tunnel central control room lighting control server; 2. the traffic flow processing module is used for accessing the microwave vehicle inspection signals and the geomagnetic vehicle inspection signals and obtaining actual traffic flow through calculation and analysis; 3. the brightness processing module is used for accessing signals of the two brightness meters and obtaining actual hole brightness through calculation and analysis; 4. the carrier host realizes a power carrier communication protocol, is matched with the field carrier module and realizes carrier control; 5. harmonic processing, namely filtering harmonic signals; 6. lightning protection grounding and power supply lightning protection treatment; 7. and loop control, which realizes supporting 6 loop control outputs.
The system adopts the modes of 0-10V, PWM (pulse width modulation), 485 bus and the like to realize the illumination dimming control of the LED lamp in the tunnel, can adjust the brightness output of the lamp within the range of 10-100 percent, realizes stepless dimming or graded dimming, and performs dimming control on the lighting loop (except for an emergency loop) of the enhancement section and the basic section in the tunnel through the energy-saving control system according to the illumination dimming control model established by the multivariate control parameters of the brightness, the traffic volume, the vehicle speed and the like outside the tunnel in the normal state; when abnormal events such as fire, traffic accidents, natural disasters and the like occur, the corresponding emergency modes are automatically switched according to the event types, and the high-efficiency safety of escape and rescue is guaranteed.
In this embodiment, a technical framework and a key technology of a highway energy online statistics monitoring system are studied, a technical basis is provided for top-level design, network transmission, technical feasibility and standardization of the highway online monitoring system under big data, and construction work of monitoring energy consumption of a basic terminal is standardized.
The lighting energy-saving control system combines two control modes: the system is based on a loop time sequence control system, meanwhile, the dimming control mode of the LED lamp under different working conditions is realized on the basis, the original loop control system is fully utilized by the loop time sequence control system, meanwhile, the stepless dimming control of the LED lamp is used as a supplement of the loop time sequence control, when weather changes occur, the brightness outside the tunnel is detected by a brightness detector outside the tunnel, the traffic volume change in a short time is detected by a vehicle inspection device and a geomagnetic sensor, dimming is realized through a preset control strategy, and the on-demand illumination is realized.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions, and furthermore, the terms "comprise", "include", or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A power and energy automatic compensation method suitable for a tunnel lighting system is characterized in that: the automatic compensation method comprises the following steps:
step (1): the key technical research of the low-carbon energy-saving intelligent tunnel realizes automatic power (energy) compensation on the basis of ensuring low carbon and energy saving; the method mainly comprises the following steps:
1) the research of the tunnel LED stepless dimming control technology mainly comprises the research of high-efficiency energy-saving control of tunnel illumination, the research of stepless regulation of light brightness along with the visibility of a tunnel and the research of the relation between tunnel illumination and the average traveling speed in the tunnel, the tunnel linearity and the like;
2) the research of the tunnel lighting safety fault-tolerant technology mainly comprises the steps of ensuring smooth communication, ensuring that a controller automatically enters a normal dimming state after power failure recovery, ensuring that the controller can be maintained to work for a long time by a self-contained clock power supply, and the like;
3) the research of the tunnel lighting single lamp control technology mainly comprises the steps of establishing a lighting virtual control loop and a monitoring control platform and completing a tunnel single lamp control model;
4) the research of the tunnel energy monitoring system comprises the steps of establishing an on-line monitoring and control terminal device integrated research and development and an open unified interface protocol for main energy consumption equipment of a highway tunnel, and establishing an access technical standard of a platform by analyzing the requirements and system functions of a highway tunnel energy monitoring and control platform;
step (2): the power factor research of the tunnel lighting system mainly comprises the following aspects:
1) influence of the working state of the transformer;
2) the influence of the supply voltage;
3) power factor of the lighting circuit;
and (3): the method for realizing the automatic power (energy) compensation of the tunnel lighting system comprises the following steps:
1) collecting relevant data from a tunnel lighting system control center;
2) performing voltage analysis and reactive power analysis on the tunnel lighting system;
3) determining real-time areas according to the analysis result, determining an adjusting method of each area, and adjusting the transformer and the like;
4) and the tunnel lighting control center executes automatic compensation, and adjusts the real-time state of the tunnel lighting system to a state that the voltage and the idle work are both qualified.
2. The method for automatically compensating power and energy of a tunnel lighting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the attention points of the tunnel lighting energy saving in the step (1) are as follows:
the geographical position of each tunnel, tunnel structure, lane number, line type, design hourly speed and traffic flow are different, the same control model cannot be adopted for illumination control, different tunnel illumination control models need to be constructed according to the characteristics of different tunnels, the constructed models need to meet the requirements of design specifications, the intelligent illumination system and the safe and efficient energy-saving control experience of related industries are researched and researched, the characteristics of design specifications of tunnel illumination, construction maintenance, tunnel safety and the like are considered, and the overall architecture of the tunnel intelligent dimming control system with complete functions is constructed.
3. The method for automatically compensating power and energy of a tunnel lighting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the energy saving of the tunnel illumination in the step (1) is mainly embodied as follows:
the control system has the functions of dimming and single lamp control, can receive a monitoring center signal, automatically enters an abnormal working state, and ensures the safety of the tunnel.
4. The method for automatically compensating power and energy of a tunnel lighting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the influence of the power supply voltage in the step (2) is as follows:
when the supply voltage is higher than 10% of the rated value, the reactive power is increased rapidly; when the power supply voltage is 110% of the rated value, the reactive power is increased by about 30%; when the supply voltage is below the rated value, the reactive power is also reduced accordingly, and the power factor is increased.
5. The method for automatically compensating power and energy of a tunnel lighting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power factor of the lighting circuit in the step (2) is as follows:
in a tunnel lighting system, the power factor of a commonly used high-pressure sodium lamp is between 0.8 and 0.9, the power factor of a high-pressure mercury lamp is about 0.9, and the power factor of a ballast is low, so that the power factor of a high-pressure sodium lamp circuit is between 0.38 and 0.45 and the power factor of a high-pressure mercury lamp circuit is between 0.45 and 0.6 under the condition that the lighting lamp is not compensated by a single lamp, and the power factor of the tunnel lighting system needs to be close to 1.0 as much as possible, so that the compensated power factor needs to be selected between 0.85 and 0.95, and the capacity of a capacitor is increased.
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