CN113897225B - Two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method and device and application thereof - Google Patents

Two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method and device and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113897225B
CN113897225B CN202111290034.5A CN202111290034A CN113897225B CN 113897225 B CN113897225 B CN 113897225B CN 202111290034 A CN202111290034 A CN 202111290034A CN 113897225 B CN113897225 B CN 113897225B
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solid waste
cement
cement kiln
pyrolysis gasification
gasification method
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CN113897225A (en
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毛岩鹏
张嘉政
王文龙
宋占龙
王旭江
李敬伟
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Shandong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
    • C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
    • C04B7/26—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from raw materials containing flue dust, i.e. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/32—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
    • C04B7/42—Active ingredients added before, or during, the burning process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
    • C04B7/42—Active ingredients added before, or during, the burning process
    • C04B7/421—Inorganic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
    • C04B7/42—Active ingredients added before, or during, the burning process
    • C04B7/428—Organic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/005—Rotary drum or kiln gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1207—Heating the gasifier using pyrolysis gas as fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of cement production through solid waste treatment, in particular to a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method, a device and application thereof. In order to solve the problems that the type of solid waste disposal is single, the quality of cement clinker is easily influenced by components and temperature fluctuation, and waste gas and waste residue are difficult to reasonably utilize in the conventional cement kiln solid waste co-disposal technology, the invention provides a two-section cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method, a device and application thereof. The treatment scale and the type of the solid waste are increased, the influence of the temperature fluctuation of the smoke chamber of the rotary cement kiln caused by the difference of the components of the solid waste in the cooperative treatment process is reduced, the calcination temperature of the cement clinker is stabilized, and the yield and the quality of the cement clinker are guaranteed.

Description

Two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method and device and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cement production through solid waste treatment, in particular to a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method, a device and application thereof.
Background
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
The development of modern various engineering constructions has large demand on cement, and cement enterprises need a large amount of materials in the cement production process, wherein coal is taken as a main material and is a non-renewable resource, and a certain energy crisis appears along with the increase of the use amount. The cement kiln co-disposal is a novel method for waste disposal of cement enterprises, solid waste which meets the requirement of entering the kiln after pretreatment is put into the cement kiln, and harmless disposal of the solid waste during the production of cement clinker is synchronously realized.
The cement kiln co-processing solid waste technology utilizes a high-temperature alkaline environment in a cement kiln to realize the utilization of the calorific value of solid waste organic components, and inorganic components can replace part of raw materials to carry out cement production, but long-term experimental research shows that the types of solid waste are complicated, the difference among the components is large, the cement kiln co-processing solid waste process must preferentially ensure the quality of cement, the adding of the solid waste is limited by cement clinker components, so that the processing scale of the cement kiln co-processing solid waste is small, and the types of the processed solid waste are single; meanwhile, the solid waste pretreatment program of the existing cement enterprise only meets the requirement of kiln incineration, and does not allocate the heat value of the solid waste, the heat value has larger difference due to the difference of the components of the solid waste, the coupling degree between the solid waste and the cement kiln is lower, the temperature of a smoke chamber of a rotary kiln is continuously fluctuated in the cooperative disposal process of the cement kiln, the calcination temperature of cement clinker is difficult to stabilize, and thus certain influence is caused on the quality of the cement clinker; the waste gas and waste residue generated in the solid waste incineration treatment process are difficult to treat and have higher cost, the condition of resource waste still exists in the aspect of reasonable utilization of the waste gas and the waste residue, the gas purification in the prior gasification technology is difficult, but the waste gas and the waste residue can be fully utilized in a cement production system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method, a device and application thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the type of solid waste disposal is single, the quality of cement clinker is easily influenced by components and temperature fluctuation, and waste gas and waste residue are difficult to reasonably utilize in the conventional cement kiln solid waste co-disposal technology. The treatment scale and the type of the solid waste are increased, the influence of the temperature fluctuation of the smoke chamber of the rotary cement kiln caused by the difference of the components of the solid waste in the cooperative treatment process is reduced, the calcination temperature of the cement clinker is stabilized, and the yield and the quality of the cement clinker are guaranteed. The first stage kiln (gasification furnace) is an organic solid waste pretreatment stage kiln, solid waste is combined before entering the kiln, the calorific value of the solid waste is released in the first stage kiln (gasification furnace) in a gaseous state, the generated gas enters a second stage kiln (decomposition furnace) for reasonable utilization and treatment to replace partial pulverized coal combustion, the energy consumption in the cement production process is reduced, meanwhile, ash generated by burning and gasifying after the organic solid waste is combined has the characteristic of raw material-like material, the component composition has high similarity with the cement raw material composition, the ash is matched with other inorganic solid waste or cement raw materials and then enters the second stage kiln (rotary kiln) as raw material-like material for cement production, the scale of the cement kiln for cooperatively treating the solid waste is increased, the cement production in the second stage rotary kiln is not influenced, and the co-production scheme of the solid waste in the two-stage cement production can realize the co-production of the waste and the waste after burning the solid waste, The reasonable utilization of the waste residue realizes the aims of reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of the solid waste.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method, which comprises the following steps:
the first process step: inorganic solid wastes enter the rotary kiln through the same route of cement raw meal
And a second step: gasifying organic solid waste;
and a third step of: pyrolyzing gas generated by gasification treatment, wherein the gas generated by pyrolysis is used for preheating and decomposing minerals in the inorganic solid waste;
and a fourth step of: and (3) carrying out high-temperature grinding on a solid product generated by gasification treatment, conveying the solid product to the rotary kiln, and matching the solid product with the preheated and decomposed inorganic solid waste or cement raw material to be used as a raw material for producing cement clinker.
The invention provides a device for realizing a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method, which comprises the following steps:
the inorganic solid waste storage bin, the preheater, the rotary kiln, the grate cooler and the clinker bin are sequentially connected, the organic solid waste storage bin, the gasification furnace, the supersonic speed high-temperature airflow mill and the rotary kiln are sequentially connected, at least two outlets are arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace, a first outlet is connected with the decomposition furnace, a second outlet is connected with the supersonic speed high-temperature airflow mill, one end of the decomposition furnace is connected with the rotary kiln, and the other end of the decomposition furnace is connected with the bottom of the preheater.
The invention provides a cement material prepared by a two-section cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method.
The invention provides a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method and/or an application of a device for realizing the two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method in the field of treating solid waste raw materials or producing cement.
One or more embodiments of the present invention have the following advantageous effects:
1) the solid waste is divided into organic solid waste and inorganic solid waste, and two different treatment approaches are respectively carried out, so that the influence of incomplete combustion of the organic solid waste on the calcination of cement clinker can be avoided, the raw material compatibility can be realized according to the respective characteristics of the organic solid waste and the inorganic solid waste, the cement quality is improved, and the waste gas, the waste residue and the heat are recycled.
2) Experiments show that compared with the method for directly conveying the organic solid waste to the rotary kiln to directly produce cement, the method has the advantages that the solid product obtained by gasifying the organic solid waste through the double-layer gasification furnace has extremely low tar content and raw material-like characteristics, and the main components of the ash are CaO and SiO2、Fe2O3、Al2O3The component composition of the cement clinker has high similarity with the composition of cement raw materials, and the cement clinker is used as a raw material to produce cement clinker by being matched with other inorganic solid wastes or cement raw materials, so that the incineration is realizedAnd (5) resource utilization of waste residues.
3) Burning and pyrolyzing the gas (CH) generated in the first stage of kiln (gasification furnace)4、H2、H2O、CO、CO2、NH3、H2S, HCN, dioxin, a small amount of tar and the like), the heat value of the organic solid waste is released in a gaseous state, energy is stored in the gas, the gas is introduced into a decomposing furnace through a heat-insulating pipeline, the temperature of the decomposing furnace is 880-1200 ℃, the gas is introduced into a section of the decomposing furnace, which is close to the lower end of the kiln tail of the rotary kiln, and the temperature is above 1000 ℃, toxic and harmful substances in the gas generated after the first-stage kiln is burnt can be further decomposed in a high-temperature environment, a small amount of tar contained in the gas can be fully oxidized and burnt to form carbon dioxide and water, and the organic solid waste is optimized through the first-stage compatibility.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for implementing a two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
wherein: 1. an inorganic solid waste transport vehicle, 2, an inorganic solid waste storage bin, 3, a batching metering chamber, 4, a raw material mill, 5, a raw material homogenizing bin, 6, a feeding metering chamber, 7, a preheater, 8, a decomposing furnace, 9, a rotary kiln, 10, a grate cooler, 11, a cooked material bin, 12, an organic solid waste transport vehicle, 13, a pulverizer, 14, an organic solid waste pretreatment system, 15, an organic solid waste storage bin, 16, a raw material-like batching metering chamber, 17, a granulator, 18, a gasification furnace, 19, a supersonic high-temperature air flow mill, 20, a waste heat boiler, 21, a dust remover, 22 and a chimney.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedures, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally carried out according to conventional conditions or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturers.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It is to be understood that the terms "bottom" and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention provides a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method, a device and application thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the type of solid waste disposal is single, the quality of cement clinker is easily influenced by components and temperature fluctuation, and waste gas and waste residue are difficult to reasonably utilize in the conventional cement kiln co-disposal solid waste technology. The treatment scale and the type of the solid waste are increased, the influence of the temperature fluctuation of the smoke chamber of the rotary cement kiln caused by the difference of the components of the solid waste in the cooperative treatment process is reduced, the calcination temperature of the cement clinker is stabilized, and the yield and the quality of the cement clinker are guaranteed. The first stage kiln (gasification furnace) is an organic solid waste pretreatment stage kiln, solid waste is combined before entering the kiln, the calorific value of the solid waste is released in the first stage kiln (gasification furnace), generated gas enters a second stage kiln (decomposition furnace) to be reasonably utilized and treated, and meanwhile, the ash slag generated by burning and gasifying after the organic solid waste is combined is found to have raw meal-like characteristics, the component composition has high similarity with the cement raw material composition, the ash slag is matched with other inorganic solid waste or cement raw materials and then enters a second stage kiln (rotary kiln) as raw meal-like material to be used for producing cement, the scale of the cement kiln synergistic treatment of the solid waste is increased, the production of the cement in the second stage rotary kiln is not influenced, the two-stage rotary kiln cement production and solid waste treatment co-production scheme can realize the reasonable utilization of waste gas and waste slag after burning the solid waste, and realizes the reduction of the solid waste, The aims of harmless and resource utilization.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method, which comprises the following steps:
the first process step: inorganic solid wastes enter a rotary kiln through the same route of cement raw materials;
and a second step: gasifying organic solid waste;
and a third step of: pyrolyzing gas generated by gasification treatment, wherein the gas generated by pyrolysis is used for preheating and decomposing minerals in the inorganic solid waste;
step four: and (3) carrying out high-temperature grinding on a solid product generated by gasification treatment, conveying the solid product to the rotary kiln, and matching the solid product with the inorganic solid waste or cement raw material subjected to preheating decomposition to be used as a raw material for producing cement.
In some embodiments of the invention, the two-section cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method comprises at least two times of compatibility, specifically comprises the steps of proportioning organic solid waste according to a heat value and components, and proportioning gasified solid components and preheated inorganic solid waste;
preferably, the organic solid waste includes, but is not limited to, municipal sludge, oil sludge, density board, dregs, wood chips, bio-straw;
preferably, the solid waste compatibility scheme is adjusted according to the three rate values of the portland cement and the special sulphoaluminate cement clinker;
preferably, the heat value of the organic solid waste after proportioning is 3000-4000 kcal, and the solid product after thermal gasification has the raw meal-like characteristic.
In some embodiments of the invention, the gasification temperature is 900 to 1000 ℃;
preferably, the gas produced by the gasification process comprises CH4、H2、H2O、CO、CO2、NH3、H2S, HCN, dioxins and a small amount of tar;
preferably, the gasified solid components are CaO and SiO2、Fe2O3、Al2O3At least one of;
preferably, the pyrolysis temperature is 880-1200 ℃;
preferably, the solid product produced by the gasification process is conveyed to a rotary kiln by a supersonic high-temperature jet mill.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cement production product is transported through a grate cooler;
preferably, in the supersonic high-temperature jet mill process, the supersonic high-temperature jet mill is used for carrying out supersonic high-temperature jet mill conveying by utilizing the residual air subjected to heat exchange with the cement clinker on the grate bed of the grate cooler;
preferably, the gas generated by pyrolysis is used for preheating and decomposing inorganic solid wastes and then comprises the steps of boiler recycling and dust removal.
The specific process is as follows:
(1) crushing and drying the conveyed solid waste in a crusher and a dryer, measuring components and calorific value of the solid waste, classifying the solid waste into organic solid waste and inorganic solid waste according to a measurement result, feeding the organic solid waste (such as municipal sludge, oil sludge, density boards, medicine residues, wood chips, biological straws and the like) into a first section of kiln (a gasification furnace), pretreating the inorganic solid waste according to the measured components, feeding the inorganic solid waste into a second section of kiln (a decomposing furnace and a rotary kiln) together with raw material, and if the content of elements such as chlorine, sulfur, alkali metal and the like which have great influence on the kiln work condition is high, pretreating the solid waste to remove the elements;
inorganic solid waste passes through a decomposing furnace, mineral decomposition is realized in the decomposing furnace, organic solid waste is changed into inorganic solid waste through gasification furnace treatment and mineral decomposition is realized, inorganic solid waste does not need to pass through the gasification furnace to treat organic matters, but partial mineral decomposition is carried out in the decomposing furnace.
The inorganic solid waste pretreatment operation refers to:
part of the inorganic solid wastes contain high-concentration chlorine, sulfur, alkali metal and other compounds, and need to be removed by washing with water or heat treatment, for example: the waste incineration fly ash contains chloride at a high concentration, which causes corrosion and clogging of a cement kiln, and concrete containing the waste incineration fly ash has a problem of lowering compressive strength and durability, and removal of compounds such as chlorine and alkali metals can be performed by washing with water or heat treatment.
The organic solid waste pretreatment operation refers to:
part of organic solid waste has high water content, and must be flocculated, compressed and dried to be pretreated to reduce the water content, such as: municipal sludge can be flocculated and compressed by adopting ferric salt and then enters a super-disc drier for drying so as to reduce the water content of the sludge, and a bypass dechlorination system and the like are required to be arranged on a decomposing furnace for the high-chlorine-content household garbage; other pre-treatments are included in the steps described below.
(2) Measuring the components and the calorific value of the pretreated solid waste, adjusting various solid waste compatibility schemes according to the three-rate value of portland cement or special sulphoaluminate cement clinker, wherein the calorific value of the organic solid waste entering a first-stage kiln after compatibility is 3000-4000 kcal, and the solid product after pyrolysis gasification has raw meal-like characteristics and is convenient for subsequent treatment;
(3) homogenizing organic solid waste mixture with raw material-like characteristic potential, storing the mixture in a mixture homogenizing warehouse, feeding, metering, putting into a first section kiln, wherein the first section kiln is a solid waste pretreatment section kiln (a double-layer gasification furnace can be used as the kiln of the solid waste pretreatment section), a double-layer gasification furnace is adopted, the double-layer gasification furnace is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer for ignition according to the falling process of solid waste, the temperature for treating solid waste is 900-1000 ℃, the compatible various solid wastes are subjected to double-layer two-section high-temperature pyrolysis gasification in the double-layer gasification furnace, organic matters in the solid waste are fully pyrolyzed and gasified, a rotation control device is arranged on the gasification furnace, the gasification amount of the organic solid waste in the gasification furnace and the kiln feeding amount of raw material-like ash are controlled by the rotation speed, the gasification furnace has enough height, and the retention time of gas generated after the incineration and pyrolysis of the solid waste in the kiln is more than 2 seconds, the gasification furnace adopts a double-layer shield structure, so that the dissipation of heat can be reduced, and meanwhile, dust, smell and noise generated when solid waste enters the gasification furnace can be isolated from the external environment, so that the working environment is improved;
(4) burning and pyrolyzing the gas (CH) generated in the first-stage rotary kiln4、H2、H2O、CO、CO2、NH3、H2S, HCN, dioxin, a small amount of tar and the like) is introduced into a decomposing furnace at a second section of cement production section through a heat-insulating pipeline, the temperature of the decomposing furnace is between 880 ℃ and 1200 ℃, gas is introduced into the lower end of the decomposing furnace close to the tail of a rotary kiln, the temperature is in a section above 1000 ℃, toxic and harmful substances in the gas generated after the burning of the first section of the kiln can be further decomposed in a high-temperature environment, a small amount of tar contained in the gas can be sufficiently oxidized and burnt to form carbon dioxide and water, the organic solid waste after the first section of the optimized compatibility is dried, crushed, compressed and granulated to form uniform spherical particles, and the gasified gas has stable heat value due to the fixed shape and heat value, can replace part of pulverized coal to burn, and can utilize gas treatment devices (a burning system and a waste gas treatment system) of a cement kiln production line to ensure that the burnt waste gas can be absorbed and collected in a long path and good cooling and dust equipment, Sedimentation and dust collection, collected dust is returned to the raw material preparation system through the conveying system and can be reused, the subsequent harmless treatment of the incineration gas is realized, and meanwhile, a waste heat boiler in a cement production line can fully utilize the incineration gas and the heat generated after the combustion of combustible gas, so that the reasonable utilization of the incineration waste gas is realized;
(5) collecting ash residue with raw material-like characteristics generated in the first stage gasification furnace by a ship-shaped ash bucket wrapped by heat-insulating material, and performing supersonic speed high temperature treatment at temperature above 950 deg.C with residual air exchanging heat with cement clinker on grate bed of grate coolerThe method comprises the steps of airflow grinding and conveying, wherein raw material ash can be sufficiently ground in a grinding box by high-speed airflow sprayed by a porous supersonic nozzle, high-temperature air can keep the temperature of the raw material ash above 900 ℃, the raw material ash is directly fed to the tail of a rotary kiln in a targeted manner and is used as a raw material for cement production to participate in the firing of cement clinker in the rotary kiln, after the raw material is treated by a first section of kiln, the content of fixed carbon in the ash is extremely low, organic matters are sufficiently vaporized and pyrolyzed, in the high-temperature airflow grinding, the fixed carbon is further burnt out, if municipal sludge is gasified and pyrolyzed by the first section of kiln, the content of the fixed carbon is lower than 0.01 percent, solid waste is fed into the first section of kiln and optimized before being matched, the main components of the ash are CaO and SiO2、Fe2O3、Al2O3The components and the composition have high similarity with the composition of cement raw materials, and the raw materials are matched with other inorganic solid wastes or cement raw materials to be used as raw material-like materials for producing cement, so that the resource utilization of incineration waste residues is realized, organic matters are pyrolyzed and gasified in a gasification furnace, harmful elements such as chlorine element, alkali metal and the like in the solid wastes are further controlled and removed, the further pretreatment of the solid wastes is realized, and the purpose of co-production of cement production and solid waste disposal is achieved.
The invention provides a device for realizing a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method, which comprises the following steps:
the inorganic solid waste storage bin, the preheater, the rotary kiln, the grate cooler and the clinker bin are sequentially connected, the organic solid waste storage bin, the gasification furnace, the supersonic speed high-temperature airflow mill and the rotary kiln are sequentially connected, at least two outlets are arranged at the bottom of the double-layer gasification furnace, the first outlet is connected with the decomposition furnace, the second outlet is connected with the supersonic speed high-temperature airflow mill, one end of the decomposition furnace is connected with the rotary kiln, and the other end of the decomposition furnace is connected with the bottom of the preheater.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the connection between the preheater and the rotary kiln, the connection between the decomposing furnace and the rotary kiln, and the connection between the supersonic high temperature jet mill and the rotary kiln are located at the same end of the rotary kiln.
In some embodiments of the invention, the device further comprises an inorganic solid waste storage bin, a batching metering device, a raw material mill, a raw material homogenizing bin, a feeding metering chamber, a mechanical solid waste transport vehicle, the inorganic solid waste storage bin, the batching metering device, the raw material mill, the raw material homogenizing bin, the feeding metering chamber and a preheater which are sequentially connected;
preferably, the device also comprises an organic solid waste transport vehicle, a pulverizer, an organic solid waste pretreatment system and a raw material-like ingredient metering device, wherein the organic solid waste transport vehicle, the pulverizer, the organic solid waste pretreatment system, the organic solid waste storage bin, the raw material-like ingredient metering device and the gasification furnace are sequentially connected;
preferably, the device further comprises a waste heat boiler, a dust remover and a chimney, and the preheater is sequentially connected with the waste heat boiler, the dust remover and the chimney.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the gas generated from the gasification furnace sequentially moves along the gasification furnace, the decomposition furnace, the preheater, the exhaust-heat boiler, the dust remover, and the chimney;
preferably, a pipeline is arranged between the grate cooler and the supersonic high-temperature airflow mill and is used for transmitting high-temperature residual air generated by the grate cooler;
preferably, the joint of the grate cooler and the supersonic high-temperature jet mill, and the joint of the gasification furnace and the supersonic high-temperature jet mill are positioned at the same end of the supersonic high-temperature jet mill.
The invention provides a cement material prepared by a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method.
The invention provides a two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method and/or an application of a device for realizing the two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method in the field of treating solid waste raw materials or producing cement.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the invention and not limiting.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a device for implementing a two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method disclosed in this embodiment includes an organic solid waste storage bin 15 and an inorganic solid waste storage bin 2, an inorganic solid waste transport vehicle 1, an inorganic solid waste storage bin 2, a batching metering chamber 3, a raw material mill 4, a raw material homogenizing bin 5, a feeding metering chamber 6 and a preheater 7, a rotary kiln 9, a grate cooler 10, and a clinker bin 11 sequentially connected, wherein the organic solid waste transport vehicle 12, a pulverizer 13, an organic solid waste pretreatment system 14, the organic solid waste storage bin 15, a raw material-like batching metering chamber 16, a pulverizer 17, a gasification furnace 18, a supersonic high-temperature jet mill 18, and the rotary kiln 9 are sequentially connected, the gasification furnace 18 is a double-layer gasification furnace, the gasification furnace 18 is provided with at least two outlets at the bottom, the first outlet is connected to a decomposition furnace 8, the second outlet is connected to a supersonic high-temperature jet mill 19, the bottom of the decomposing furnace 8 is connected with the rotary kiln 9, and the top of the decomposing furnace is connected with the bottom of the preheater 7.
The top of the preheater 6 is connected with a waste heat boiler 19, a dust remover 20 and a chimney 21 in sequence.
A pipeline is arranged between the grate cooler 10 and the supersonic high-temperature airflow mill 18 and is used for transmitting high-temperature residual air generated by the grate cooler, the joint of the grate cooler 10 and the supersonic high-temperature airflow mill 18, the joint of the gasification furnace 17 and the supersonic high-temperature airflow mill 18 are positioned at the same end of the supersonic high-temperature airflow mill 18, and the high-temperature residual air is used for conveying solid raw material products generated by the double-layer gasification furnace 17.
Example 2
The method for carrying out two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification by using the device in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
taking oily sludge and municipal sludge as examples, organic solid waste is treated, the calorific value of the oily sludge is 17.9MJ/kg, the calorific value of the municipal sludge is 10.42MJ/kg, and the oily sludge contains a large amount of SiO2Municipal sludge is flocculated by ferric salt, has a large amount of iron elements beneficial to cement production, and is dried and crushed to obtain a mixture of the iron elements and the crushed sludge, wherein the ratio of the iron elements to the crushed sludge is 71.5: mixing and granulating in a granulator according to the proportion of 28.5, wherein the particle size is 30-50 mm, and the calorific value is more than 3000 kcal.
The method comprises the following steps of taking waste incineration fly ash, aluminum ash, desulfurized gypsum and carbide slag as inorganic solid waste, carrying out pretreatment dechlorination on the waste incineration fly ash by adopting water washing, carrying out raw material preparation on organic solid waste and inorganic solid waste by using sulphoaluminate cement, wherein the components of various solid wastes are shown in Table 1:
table 1: various solid waste components (unit:%)
Figure GDA0003614320110000101
The method comprises the following steps of mixing waste incineration fly ash, gasified and ground sludge, desulfurized gypsum, aluminum ash and carbide slag according to the mass ratio: 13.74:18.16: 29.21: 20.22: 18.68, the calcining temperature is 1200-1250 ℃, and the clinker rate value is as follows: c is 0.92; p-2.097; the compressive strength of the 3-day net slurry is above 85MPa, and 30-40 kg of standard coal can be saved in each ton of cement clinker.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (23)

1. A two-section type cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first process step: preheating inorganic solid wastes and conveying the inorganic solid wastes to a rotary kiln;
and a second step: gasifying organic solid waste;
and a third step of: pyrolyzing gas generated by gasification treatment, wherein the gas generated by pyrolysis is used for preheating inorganic solid waste;
step four: and grinding the solid product generated by the gasification treatment, conveying the powder to a rotary kiln, and matching the powder with the preheated inorganic solid waste or cement raw material to be used as a raw material for producing cement.
2. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method comprises at least two times of compatibility, specifically comprises the steps of proportioning organic solid waste according to heat value and components and proportioning gasified solid components and preheated inorganic solid waste.
3. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupled pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 2, wherein the organic solid waste includes but is not limited to municipal sludge, oil sludge, density boards, dregs, wood chips, biological straw.
4. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 3, characterized in that a solid waste compatibility scheme is adjusted according to three values of portland cement and special sulphoaluminate cement clinker.
5. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 4, characterized in that the calorific value of the organic solid waste is 3000-4000 kcal, and the solid product after the thermal gasification has raw meal-like characteristics.
6. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gasification temperature is 900-1000 ℃.
7. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 6, characterized in that the gas generated by the gasification treatment comprises CH4、H2、H2O、CO、CO2、NH3、H2S, HCN, dioxins and a small amount of tar.
8. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 7, characterized in that the gasified solid components are CaO and SiO2、Fe2O3、Al2O3At least one of (1).
9. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 8, characterized in that the pyrolysis temperature is 880 ℃ to 1200 ℃.
10. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 9, wherein solid products generated by the gasification treatment are conveyed to the rotary kiln through a supersonic high-temperature jet mill.
11. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 10, characterized in that the cement production product is conveyed through a grate cooler.
12. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 11, wherein in the supersonic high-temperature jet mill process, the supersonic high-temperature jet mill is used for carrying out supersonic high-temperature jet mill conveying by utilizing the residual air which is subjected to heat exchange with the cement clinker on the grate bed of the grate cooler.
13. The two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method according to claim 12, wherein the gas generated by pyrolysis is used for preheating inorganic solid waste and then further comprises boiler recycling and dust removal steps.
14. The device for realizing the two-section cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method of any one of claims 1 to 13 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the inorganic solid waste storage bin, the preheater, the rotary kiln, the grate cooler and the clinker bin are sequentially connected, the organic solid waste storage bin, the gasification furnace, the supersonic speed high-temperature airflow mill and the rotary kiln are sequentially connected, at least two outlets are arranged at the bottom of the double-layer gasification furnace, the first outlet is connected with the decomposition furnace, the second outlet is connected with the supersonic speed high-temperature airflow mill, one end of the decomposition furnace is connected with the rotary kiln, and the other end of the decomposition furnace is connected with the bottom of the preheater.
15. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein the connection of the preheater and the rotary kiln, the connection of the decomposing furnace and the rotary kiln, and the connection of the supersonic high temperature jet mill and the rotary kiln are located at the same end of the rotary kiln.
16. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising an inorganic solid waste transport vehicle, an inorganic solid waste storage bin, a batch metering, a raw material mill, a raw material homogenizing silo, a feed metering chamber, and a preheater connected in series.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising an organic solid waste transport vehicle, a pulverizer, an organic solid waste pretreatment system, raw meal-like ingredient metering, an organic solid waste transport vehicle, a pulverizer, an organic solid waste pretreatment system, an organic solid waste storage bin, raw meal-like ingredient metering, and a gasification furnace sequentially connected.
18. The device of claim 17, further comprising a waste heat boiler, a dust remover and a chimney, wherein the preheater is connected with the waste heat boiler, the dust remover and the chimney in sequence.
19. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the gasifier generates gas that moves sequentially along the gasifier, the decomposing furnace, the preheater, the exhaust-heat boiler, the dust collector, and the stack.
20. The device according to claim 19, wherein a pipeline is arranged between the grate cooler and the supersonic high-temperature airflow mill and is used for conveying high-temperature surplus air generated by the grate cooler.
21. The apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the junction of the grate cooler and the supersonic high-temperature jet mill, and the junction of the gasifier and the supersonic high-temperature jet mill are located at the same end of the supersonic high-temperature jet mill.
22. The cement material prepared by the two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupling pyrolysis gasification method in any one of claims 1 to 13.
23. Use of the two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupled pyrolysis gasification method according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and/or the device for realizing the two-stage cement kiln multi-source solid waste coupled pyrolysis gasification method according to any one of claims 14 to 22 in the field of treatment of solid waste raw materials or production of cement.
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