CN113890071B - Electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimization configuration method considering pumping and storage power station - Google Patents
Electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimization configuration method considering pumping and storage power station Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of power station energy storage optimal configuration, and discloses an electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimal configuration method considering an extraction and storage power station. According to the method, a pumped storage power station optimization model and a pumped storage energy storage optimization model are respectively established, and the pumped storage power station optimization model aims at the minimum total power of the pumped storage optimization and the power rejection, so that the pumped storage is scheduled. The pumping and storing energy storage optimization model is based on the pumping and storing power station optimization model, and aims at minimizing total power of energy storage optimization and electric discarding, so that the configuration and the scheduling of electrochemical energy storage are realized. The method aims at improving new energy consumption, and can effectively perform collaborative optimization scheduling of pumped storage and electrochemical energy storage.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power station energy storage optimal configuration, in particular to an electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimal configuration method considering an extraction and storage power station.
Background
The renewable energy source is green low-carbon energy source, and has important significance for improving energy structure, protecting ecological environment, coping with climate change and realizing economic and social sustainable development. Wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are receiving wide attention as renewable energy power generation technologies which are relatively mature at present. However, wind power and photovoltaic power generation can have a larger influence on the power grid due to randomness, fluctuation and intermittence when replacing coal power, and are not beneficial to safe and stable operation of the power grid. Especially, wind power and photovoltaic power are preferentially consumed, so that the power generation space of other power sources (such as thermal power) in the power grid can be reduced, and the output fluctuation of the other power sources can be increased. When the output of various power supplies in the power grid cannot be coordinated and balanced with each other, the wind power and the photovoltaic power are abandoned. While clean energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like are preferentially consumed, how to ensure safe and stable operation of a power grid has become a great challenge.
The energy storage device is used as a means for transferring electric energy in time, can compensate fluctuation and randomness of new energy output, helps large-scale absorption of new energy, and reduces wind and light abandoning. Pumped storage (pumped hydro storage, PHS) is a mature large-scale energy storage mode at present, and has various functions of peak filling, valley filling, frequency modulation, phase modulation, rotation standby and the like. The peak regulation capacity of the system can be improved by the cooperative operation of the pumped storage and the new energy, and the system has important effects of reducing the power grid waste and improving the new energy utilization rate. As another more mature energy storage means, electrochemical energy storage (electrochemical energy storage EES) can also transfer wind and photovoltaic electricity. Compared with pumped storage, the electrochemical energy storage has the characteristics of high response speed, flexible charge and discharge and the like, and can overcome the defect of slow response of the traditional pumped storage unit. Therefore, development of the pump storage and electrochemical energy storage cooperative service has important significance for further improving the new energy consumption rate and guaranteeing safe and stable operation of the power grid.
Under the large background of new energy consumption, the research on optimal scheduling of pumped storage and electrochemical energy storage is getting deeper. However, the current research is aimed at optimizing and scheduling one of pumped storage and electrochemical storage, and the cooperative optimization of new energy consumption is rarely involved.
Disclosure of Invention
The application discloses an electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimization configuration method considering a pumping and accumulating power station, which aims to solve the technical problems that the research in the prior art aims at the optimal scheduling of one of pumping energy storage and electrochemical energy storage, and the research lacks of pumping energy storage and electrochemical energy storage collaborative optimization and new energy consumption.
The application discloses an electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimization configuration method considering an extraction and storage power station, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring initial power discarding power, unit pumping power, unit generating power and a first power discarding state, wherein the first power discarding state is used for indicating whether power discarding exists before pump storage optimization;
determining the total power of the pumped storage optimization power curtailment according to the initial power curtailment, the pumping power of the unit, the generating power of the unit and the first power curtailment state;
generating a pumped storage power station optimization model according to the total power of the pumped storage optimization power curtailment and a preset first constraint condition;
according to the pumped storage power station optimization model, the dispatching of pumped storage is completed;
acquiring energy storage charging power, energy storage discharging power and a second power discarding state, wherein the second power discarding state is used for indicating whether power discarding exists after pumped storage optimization;
determining the total power of the energy storage optimization power curtailment according to the total power of the pumped storage optimization power curtailment, the energy storage charging power, the energy storage discharging power and the second power curtailment state;
generating a pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model according to the energy storage optimization total power and a preset second constraint condition;
and acquiring a preset optimization effect index, completing the dispatching of the electrochemical energy storage according to the pumping and storage energy storage optimization model and the optimization effect index, and determining the energy storage rated power and capacity required to be configured for the electrochemical energy storage.
Optionally, the determining the pumped storage optimizing total power of the power curtailed according to the initial power curtailed, the pump power of the set, the generating power of the set and the first power curtailed state includes:
determining the pumping energy storage optimized initial total power of the electric power abandoned according to the initial electric power abandoned, the pumping power of the unit, the generating power of the unit and the first electric power abandoned state;
and determining the total power of the pumped storage optimizing power discarding according to the initial total power of the pumped storage optimizing power discarding.
Optionally, the generating the pumped storage power station optimization model according to the pumped storage optimization total power and a preset first constraint condition includes:
and generating the pumped storage power station optimization model according to the first constraint condition and by taking the minimum total power of the pumped storage optimization power rejection as a target.
Optionally, after the generating the pumped storage power station optimization model, the method further includes:
determining initial total power of power discarding according to the initial power discarding;
and determining a first evaluation index according to the initial total power of the abandoned electricity and the total power of the pumped storage and the optimized abandoned electricity, wherein the first evaluation index is used for measuring the optimizing effect of the total power of the abandoned electricity after the pumped storage is added.
Optionally, the first constraint condition comprises a pumping and storage unit power constraint, a unit and power station single working condition constraint, a unit workbench number constraint, a unit maximum start-stop frequency constraint and a power station reservoir water level and fluctuation constraint.
Optionally, the optimizing the total power of the discarded power, the stored charge power, the stored discharge power and the second discarded power state according to the pumped storage includes:
determining the energy storage optimization initial total power of discarding according to the total power of the pumped storage optimization discarding, the energy storage charging power, the energy storage discharging power and the second discarding state;
and determining the energy storage optimizing total power of the abandoned electricity according to the energy storage optimizing total power of the initially abandoned electricity.
Optionally, the generating the pumping and storing energy storage optimization model according to the energy storage optimization total power and a preset second constraint condition includes:
and generating the pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model according to the second constraint condition and with the minimum total power of the energy storage optimization and the electric abandoning as a target.
Optionally, after the generating the pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model, the method further includes:
and determining a second evaluation index according to the total power of the pumped storage and the total power of the energy storage, wherein the second evaluation index is used for measuring the optimizing effect of the electrochemical energy storage on the total power of the energy storage compared with the pumped storage alone.
Optionally, the second constraint includes: optimizing effect index constraint, energy storage charging and discharging power constraint, energy storage charge state constraint and energy storage performance constraint.
Optionally, the first power-off state and the second power-off state are boolean variables.
The application relates to the technical field of power station energy storage optimal configuration, and discloses an electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimal configuration method considering an extraction and storage power station. According to the method, a pumped storage power station optimization model and a pumped storage energy storage optimization model are respectively established, and the pumped storage power station optimization model aims at the minimum total power of the pumped storage optimization and the power rejection, so that the pumped storage is scheduled. The pumping and storing energy storage optimization model is based on the pumping and storing power station optimization model, and aims at minimizing total power of energy storage optimization and electric discarding, so that the configuration and the scheduling of electrochemical energy storage are realized. The method aims at improving new energy consumption, and can effectively perform collaborative optimization scheduling of pumped storage and electrochemical energy storage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic workflow diagram of an electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimization configuration method for an extraction and storage power station according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graph of initial power rejection prior to optimization in an example disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph of total output of a pumped-storage power station in an example disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the comparison of pre-and post-optimization electric power in the examples disclosed in the examples of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the comparison of typical daily optimization pre-and post-rejection electric power in the example disclosed in the examples of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a graph of real-time water level change of a power station upper reservoir in an example disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a graph of power change of energy storage configuration under different optimization effect indexes in an example disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the power consumption of the electric power discharged by the pumping and accumulating alone and the energy accumulated and accumulated based on the pumping and accumulating in the example disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a graph comparing the power consumption of a typical daily pumping reservoir alone and the energy storage based on the pumping reservoir in an example disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a graph of electrochemical stored energy output change in an example disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a graph comparing the results of electrochemical energy storage operations with or without performance constraints in the examples disclosed in the examples of the present application;
fig. 12 is a graph of the SOC variation of the energy storage battery in the example disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the technical problems of the research in the prior art, which is basically the optimal scheduling of one of pumped storage and electrochemical storage, and the lack of the research on the cooperative optimization of the new energy sources of pumped storage and electrochemical storage, the application discloses a cooperative optimization configuration method for the electrochemical storage capacity of a pumping storage power station through the following embodiments.
The embodiment of the application discloses an electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimization configuration method for an extraction and storage power station, which is shown in a working flow diagram in fig. 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step S101, initial power discarding, unit pumping power, unit generating power and a first power discarding state are obtained, wherein the first power discarding state is used for indicating whether power discarding exists before pumping energy storage optimization.
Specifically, the initial power-off is the sum of power-off for each period in the scheduling period, and the formula of the initial power-off is as follows:
wherein P is D,A Represents the initial total power of power abandoned, T represents a scheduling period and P d,t The initial power-off for the t-th period is indicated.
And step S102, determining the total power of the pumped storage optimization power curtailment according to the initial power curtailment, the pump power of the unit, the power generation of the unit and the first power curtailment state.
In some embodiments of the present application, determining the pumped storage optimized total power of the electrical power is determined according to the initial power of the electrical power, the pumped power of the electrical power unit, the generated power of the electrical power unit, and the first power of the electrical power unit, including:
and determining the pumping energy storage optimized initial total power of the electric power abandoned according to the initial electric power abandoned, the pumping power of the unit, the generating power of the unit and the first electric power abandoned state.
And determining the total power of the pumped storage optimizing power discarding according to the initial total power of the pumped storage optimizing power discarding.
Specifically, new energy consumption can be effectively realized by adding the pumped storage power station, and the method is particularly characterized in that the pumped storage power station pumps water and stores electric energy in a power discarding period and generates and discharges electric energy in other periods. It should be noted that if there is already a discard in this period, the power generation of the pump can also exacerbate the discard, requiring the addition of this portion. Determining the pumping energy storage optimized initial total power of the abandoned electricity according to the following formula:
wherein P is D,B ' means that the pumped storage optimizes the total power of the initial power rejection,representing the pumping power of the unit,represents the generating power of the unit, Y D To indicate whether there is a boolean that has been discarded for this period, a 1 is taken to indicate yes and a 0 is taken to indicate no.
And because the optimized electric power is not smaller than 0, the part smaller than 0 after pumping compensation of the pumping and accumulating unit is subjected to 0 setting treatment to obtain the pumping and accumulating optimized electric total power, and the pumping and accumulating optimized electric total power is determined by the following formula:
P D,B ＝max(P D,B ’,0)；
wherein P is D,B And the total power of the pumped storage optimized power curtailment is represented, and the total power of the pumped storage optimized power curtailment is added.
And step S103, generating a pumped storage power station optimization model according to the total power of the pumped storage optimization power curtailment and a preset first constraint condition.
In some embodiments of the present application, the generating a pumped-storage power station optimization model according to the pumped-storage optimization total power and a preset first constraint condition includes:
and generating the pumped storage power station optimization model according to the first constraint condition and by taking the minimum total power of the pumped storage optimization power rejection as a target.
Further, the first constraint condition comprises a pumping and storage unit power constraint, a unit and power station single working condition constraint, a unit workbench number constraint, a unit maximum start-stop frequency constraint and a power station reservoir water level and fluctuation constraint.
Specifically, the estimated electric power and the parameters of the pumping and accumulating unit are known, the total power of the optimized electric power after the electric power is discarded is reduced as much as possible by reasonably arranging the output of the pumping and accumulating unit, the minimum total power of the optimized electric power after the electric power is pumped and accumulated is added, and the objective function of the optimization model of the pumping and accumulating power station is determined by the following formula:
minF 1 ＝P D,B ；
wherein F is 1 And representing an objective function of the pumped storage power station optimization model.
Wherein the first constraint condition is set:
the power of each pumped storage unit has a certain upper limit and a certain lower limit, and comprises a pumping working condition and a power generation working condition, and the power constraint of the pumped storage unit is determined through the following formula:
wherein P is hp,max And P hp,min Respectively represent the upper limit and the lower limit of pumping power of the unit, P hg,max And P hg,min Respectively represent the upper limit and the lower limit of the generating power of the unit,and->And respectively representing whether the unit is in a Boolean variable of a pumping working condition and a generating working condition, wherein 1 is taken as yes, and 0 is taken as no.
At the same time, each unit can only be in a power generation working condition or a water pumping working condition. Likewise, the working conditions of the internal pumping power storage station at the same time should be uniform, and the single working condition constraint of the unit and the power station is determined by the following formula:
Y G +Y P ≤1；
wherein Y is G And Y P The Boolean variables representing the power generation working condition and the water pumping working condition of the water pumping and storing station are respectively, 1 is taken as yes, and 0 is taken as no.
When the power station is in a water pumping or power generating working condition, the maximum working unit number is K, and the unit working number constraint is determined through the following formula:
the water level of the reservoir on the power station is limited to a certain extent, the change of the water level and the power of the unit have a certain relation, and the maximum start-stop times constraint of the unit is determined through the following formula:
E h,min ≤E h,t ≤E h,max ；
wherein E is h,t Representing the water level of a reservoir on a power station at the moment corresponding to the t period, E h,max And E is h,min Respectively represent the upper limit and the lower limit of the water level of the reservoir on the power station,and->Respectively representing the water level of a reservoir on a power station at the initial moment and the final moment of a dispatching cycle, wherein the water level and the water level are equal to each other and represent the balance of the water pumping quantity, eta in the dispatching cycle p Represents the water quantity and electricity conversion coefficient eta when the water is pumped by the unit g The water quantity and electricity quantity conversion coefficient during generating of the unit is represented and determined according to the actual application scene. The reservoir capacity constraint for the upper reservoir also represents the lower reservoir constraint. Δt represents the difference in the corresponding time of the adjacent period, and this embodiment takes 1 hour.
Determining the reservoir level and the variation constraint of the power station through the following formula:
wherein M is h And the maximum start-stop times of a single unit in the scheduling period are represented.
In some embodiments of the present application, after the generating the pumped-storage power station optimization model, the method further includes:
and determining the initial total power of the power curtailment according to the initial power curtailment.
And determining a first evaluation index according to the initial total power of the abandoned electricity and the total power of the pumped storage and the optimized abandoned electricity, wherein the first evaluation index is used for measuring the optimizing effect of the total power of the abandoned electricity after the pumped storage is added.
Specifically, a first evaluation index δ is defined 1 As an index for evaluating the optimization effect, the reduction effect of the added pumping and storing on the discarded electric power, namely the improvement effect on new energy consumption, is measured, and the specific formula is as follows:
and step S104, according to the pumped storage power station optimization model, the dispatching of pumped storage is completed.
Specifically, the pumped storage power station optimization model in the embodiment calls a CPLEX solver to solve based on a YALMIP toolbox in MATLAB software. The optimization effect before and after optimization can be evaluated through the defined first evaluation index, and the reduction amplitude of the electric power after optimization by the pumped storage power station optimization model can be intuitively seen. The pumped storage power station optimization model can output the electric power abandoned in each period in the scheduling period, and transmit the electric power abandoned to the pumping storage energy storage optimization model which is generated subsequently so as to perform optimized operation and configuration of electrochemical energy storage.
Step S105, obtaining energy storage charging power, energy storage discharging power and a second power discarding state, wherein the second power discarding state is used for indicating whether power discarding exists after pumped storage optimization.
And S106, determining the energy storage optimizing total power of the electric power curtailment according to the pumped storage optimizing total power of the electric power curtailment, the energy storage charging power, the energy storage discharging power and the second electric power curtailment state.
In some embodiments of the present application, the optimizing the total power of the electric power discarded according to the pumped storage, the stored energy charging power, the stored energy discharging power, and the second electric discarded state includes:
and determining the energy storage optimization initial total power of discarding according to the total power of the pumped storage optimization discarding, the energy storage charging power, the energy storage discharging power and the second discarding state.
And determining the energy storage optimizing total power of the abandoned electricity according to the energy storage optimizing total power of the initially abandoned electricity.
Specifically, the electrochemical energy storage is reconfigured on the basis of the pumping and accumulating power station, so that further consumption of new energy can be realized, and the method is particularly characterized in that the electric energy is charged and stored in the power discarding period, and the electric energy is discharged and discharged in the rest period. It should be noted that if there is already a discard in this period, the discharge of stored energy also aggravates the discard, requiring the addition of this portion. Determining the energy storage optimization initial power discarding total power by the following formula:
wherein P is D,C ' represents the energy storage optimized initial total power of power rejection, P ch,t Representing the energy storage charging power of the energy storage in the t period, P dis,t Represents the energy storage discharge power of the energy storage in the period t, Y E And (3) indicating whether the Boolean variable with the electric abandon exists in the period after the extraction and storage optimization, wherein 1 is used for indicating yes, and 0 is used for indicating no.
Because the optimized power is not smaller than 0, the part smaller than 0 after electrochemical energy storage and charging compensation is subjected to 0 setting treatment, and the energy storage optimized power is determined, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
P D,C ＝max(P D,C ’,0)；
wherein P is D,C And representing the total power of the energy storage optimization waste electricity, namely adding the total power of the energy storage optimization waste electricity on the basis of pumping and storage.
And step S107, generating a pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model according to the energy storage optimization total power and a preset second constraint condition.
In some embodiments of the present application, the generating the extraction and storage energy storage optimization model according to the energy storage optimization total power and a preset second constraint condition includes:
and generating the pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model according to the second constraint condition and with the minimum total power of the energy storage optimization and the electric abandoning as a target.
In some embodiments of the present application, after the generating the pumping storage energy storage optimization model, the method further includes:
and determining a second evaluation index according to the total power of the pumped storage and the total power of the energy storage, wherein the second evaluation index is used for measuring the optimizing effect of the electrochemical energy storage on the total power of the energy storage compared with the pumped storage alone.
Further, the second constraint includes: optimizing effect index constraint, energy storage charging and discharging power constraint, energy storage charge state constraint and energy storage performance constraint.
Specifically, the parameters of the power and the energy storage battery after the energy storage is optimized by independently using the pumping and storage, the charging and discharging operation of the energy storage is optimized by reasonably configuring the rated power and the rated capacity of the energy storage, the total amount of the energy storage after the energy storage is optimized is reduced as much as possible, the target function of the pumping and storage energy storage optimization model is determined by the following formula:
minF 2 ＝P D,C ；
wherein F is 2 And representing an objective function of the pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model.
As with the optimization model of the pumped storage power station, a second evaluation index delta is defined 2 As an index for evaluating the optimization effect, the optimization effect of the pumping and storage on the electric power is measured after the energy storage is added compared with the pumping and storage alone, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein the second constraint condition is set:
determining an optimization effect index constraint by the following formula:
δ 2 ≥δ 0 ；
wherein delta 0 Indicating the expected optimization effect index, and determining in advance according to the actual application sceneAnd (5) setting.
Considering that the performance of the energy storage equipment can be damaged due to the fact that excessive current charge and discharge, the real-time operation power of the energy storage cannot exceed the rated power of the energy storage in the operation process, and the constraint of the charge and discharge power of the energy storage is determined according to the following formula:
0≤P dis,t ≤y dis,t P ESS ；
0≤P ch,t ≤y ch,t P ESS ；
wherein P is ESS Indicating the rated power of the electrochemical energy storage, y dis,t And y ch,t Is 0-1 variable and satisfies any time y dis,t +y ch,t ＝1。
The residual capacity of the energy storage device in the operation process of the energy storage device needs to meet certain constraint, and the charge state of the energy storage device at any moment needs to be between certain upper and lower limits. In addition, the consistency of the charge states at the beginning and the end of each scheduling period of the energy storage system can ensure the periodicity of continuous operation of the energy storage system, and the constraint of the charge states of the energy storage is determined through the following formula:
SOC(0)＝SOC(T end )；
SOC min ≤SOC(t)≤SOC max ；
wherein SOC is max And SOC (System on chip) min Respectively represent the upper limit and the lower limit of the energy storage SOC, eta ch And eta dis The energy conversion efficiency during the charging and discharging of the energy storage is respectively represented and is determined in advance according to the actual application scene.
In the process of energy storage operation, the conversion of the three states of charge, discharge or standby is closely related to the battery performance, and the operation cost and the service life of the energy storage battery are directly influenced. The operation life of the battery can be remarkably prolonged and the service life of the battery can be prolonged by effectively reducing the times of switching between the charge and discharge states and the standby states of the battery, so that additional economic benefits are generated. Since it may be cumbersome to directly represent the number of transitions by a variable, the present embodiment proposes a concept that is the throughput of the battery. Throughput refers to the total sum of the amounts of charge and discharge of the battery during a scheduling period. The energy storage performance constraint can be determined by the following formula:
Q≤Q max ；
where Q represents throughput in the energy storage scheduling period, Q max And the upper throughput limit is represented, and the value of the upper throughput limit is determined by comprehensively considering factors such as the power grid power rejection requirement, the energy storage converter performance requirement and the like.
Step S108, a preset optimization effect index is obtained, and according to the pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model and the optimization effect index, the dispatching of electrochemical energy storage is completed, and the energy storage rated power and the energy storage capacity required to be configured by the electrochemical energy storage are determined.
By selecting in advance the desired optimization effect index delta 0 And solving the energy storage rated power and capacity which are required to be configured and reach the index by using a CPLEX solver, and giving a scheduling suggestion. In the comparison of the optimizing effect, the drop condition of the waste wind waste light power before and after the optimization is compared, and the necessity of the pumped storage configuration and the electrochemical energy storage configuration is intuitively represented.
According to the technical scheme, the electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimization configuration method for the pumped storage power station disclosed by the embodiment of the application respectively establishes a pumped storage power station optimization model and a pumped storage energy storage optimization model, and the pumped storage power station optimization model aims at the minimum total power of the pumped storage energy storage optimization and power rejection, so that the pumped storage energy is scheduled. The pumping and storing energy storage optimization model is based on the pumping and storing power station optimization model, and aims at minimizing total power of energy storage optimization and electric discarding, so that the configuration and the scheduling of electrochemical energy storage are realized.
In the practical application process, the method aims at improving new energy consumption, and effectively performs collaborative optimization scheduling of pumped storage and electrochemical energy storage.
In order to verify the rationality and effectiveness of the electrochemical energy storage capacity optimization configuration method of the pumped storage power station, which is described in the embodiment, a power grid containing wind power and photovoltaic is selected as an example, and hierarchical optimization scheduling and capacity configuration are performed based on parameters of the pumped storage power station and the energy storage battery.
In the aspect of pumping and storing power station units, the power station units are constant-speed units, the power is adjustable under the power generation working condition, the power is fixed under the pumping working condition, and the parameters of the pumping and storing power station units are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1
In the aspect of pumping and storing power stations, the upper reservoir capacity is known, the conversion efficiency of the water quantity and the electric quantity of the upper reservoir is known, meanwhile, the starting and stopping times are limited, and upper reservoir parameters and unit starting and stopping parameters of the pumping and storing power station are shown in a table 2:
TABLE 2
In terms of the wind-discarding quantity data, the example selects the wind-discarding quantity data estimated by a certain power grid 2025, and samples the wind-discarding quantity data once in one hour, and the simulation period (i.e. the scheduling period) is 7 days, which is 168 sampling points in total. See the initial power-rejection map shown in fig. 2, i.e., the pre-optimization power-rejection map.
In terms of electrochemical energy storage type selection and parameters, according to the existing research results, the lithium iron phosphate battery widely used in the market is directly selected as an example, and the basic parameters are as follows: the battery energy multiplying power (ratio of rated capacity to rated power) is 2, the charge-discharge efficiency is 90%, the upper and lower limits of the battery SOC are 0.8 and 0.2 respectively, and the throughput is 10 times of the rated capacity.
Based on the above raw data of the calculation example, the electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimization configuration method for the pumping and accumulating power station is adopted, and optimization solution is carried out under each constraint condition.
Simulation result of optimization model of pumped storage power station:
and for the pumped storage power station optimization model, the solved operation optimization result of the pumping storage unit comprises the total output of the pumping storage station, the change of the water level of the upper reservoir and the start-stop state of each unit in the pumping storage power station. In addition, various comparison analyses are added, including the comparison of the electric power discarded before and after the pumping and storage optimization, the comparison of the optimization effect indexes and the like.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, it can be known that there is a period of electricity abandoning in the first three days and the last day, and the pumping and storing is in pumping working condition at this time, and part of new energy is consumed by pumping. Thus, it can be seen that there is a significant drop in power rejection at these times. And compared with the electric power before and after optimization, the electric power after the pumping and accumulating optimization is added is reduced. However, the reduction range may be limited due to the capacity limitation of the pumping and accumulating unit, and if the electric power is required to be further reduced, electrochemical energy storage is required to be configured.
Day 3 was chosen as a representative day, and the pre-optimization and post-optimization power comparisons were studied, as shown in fig. 5.
As can be seen from FIG. 5, there is a discard at points 0 to 7 and 10 to 16 in the typical day, and at this time the pumping and storage unit starts pumping water, and the discard is significantly reduced. The original electric power is discarded and reaches a maximum value 5098.70MW at 13 points, and the electric power is discarded and falls to 3898.70MW due to pumping of the pumping and storing unit.
And calculating the total power of the abandoned electricity before and after the pumping and storage optimization, and obtaining the optimization effect index of the total power, thereby facilitating the next energy storage configuration optimization. The power rejection and optimization performance metrics are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
FIG. 6 shows the real-time water level change of the reservoir on the pumping and accumulating power station. As can be seen from fig. 6, the water level change corresponds to the output condition of the pumping and storing unit, the water level rises when the unit pumps water, and the water level falls when the unit generates electricity. The water level is in the set range, the requirements of the upper water level limit and the lower water level limit are met, and the initial water level and the final water level are kept consistent in one period.
Simulation results of pumping and storing energy storage optimization model:
for the extraction and storage energy storage optimization model, the solved optimization result of the electrochemical energy storage comprises the configuration of the electrochemical energy storage, the output of the electrochemical energy storage and the change condition of the energy storage SOC. In addition, a comparison analysis before and after the optimization was added.
Given the amplitude of expected drop of the abandoned wind and the abandoned light quantity, under the condition of researching different optimization effect indexes, the rated power of the energy storage needs to be configured, and the energy storage optimization configuration result is shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 Table 4
The data are plotted, and the relation between the optimization effect index and the energy storage configuration power is searched for, so that the graph 7 can be obtained. As can be seen from fig. 7, the energy storage configuration power change curves under different optimization effect indexes change substantially linearly, and the energy storage configuration power increases with the increase of the optimization effect. The larger the energy storage configuration, the better the effect of the optimization of the amount of the abandoned wind abandoned light can be said.
And (5) selecting the condition that the optimization effect is 56%, namely, the condition that the energy storage configuration power is 364MW for research. FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the power consumption of the electric power generator with the consumption of the pumping storage alone and the consumption of the energy storage based on the pumping storage.
As can be seen from fig. 8, there is still some time when the electric power is discarded after the extraction and storage is performed, and at these time, the stored energy consumes some new energy by charging, so that the electric power is further reduced. Compared with the electric power discarded before and after energy storage optimization, the electric power discarded after the energy storage is added is further obviously reduced compared with the electric power discarded after the energy storage is singly used for extraction and storage.
Likewise, day 3 was chosen as a representative day, and the comparison of the electric power discarded before and after the energy storage optimization was studied, as shown in fig. 9.
As can be seen from fig. 9, in the typical day, from 0 to 7 and from 11 to 16, there is still a drop in electricity after the pumping and storage is optimized, and at this time the electrochemical energy storage starts to charge, and the drop in electricity is significantly reduced. The maximum value 3898.70MW of the electric power after the pumping and storage optimization is reached at 13 points, and the electric power is reduced to 3534.70MW due to the charging of the electrochemical energy storage.
The electrochemical stored energy output profile is shown in fig. 10, still with a stored energy configuration power of 364 MW. Wherein the discharge is positive and the charge is negative.
To verify the rationality of the performance constraints proposed by the present invention, a comparison of electrochemical energy storage operation results with or without performance constraints is added, as shown in fig. 11. It can be seen that after adding the constraint, the charge-discharge conversion times of the electrochemical energy storage are obviously reduced, which prolongs the service life of the energy storage.
Fig. 12 is a graph of the SOC variation of the energy storage battery. As can be seen from the graph, the SOC of the stored energy is within a defined range, meets the requirements of the upper limit and the lower limit of the SOC, and is consistent in start and end states in one period.
The foregoing detailed description has been provided for the purposes of illustration in connection with specific embodiments and exemplary examples, but such description is not to be construed as limiting the application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications and improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present application and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The electrochemical energy storage capacity collaborative optimization configuration method considering the pumping and storage power station is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring initial power discarding power, unit pumping power, unit generating power and a first power discarding state, wherein the first power discarding state is used for indicating whether power discarding exists before pump storage optimization;
determining the total power of the pumped storage optimization power curtailment according to the initial power curtailment, the pumping power of the unit, the generating power of the unit and the first power curtailment state;
generating a pumped storage power station optimization model according to the total power of the pumped storage optimization power curtailment and a preset first constraint condition;
according to the pumped storage power station optimization model, the dispatching of pumped storage is completed;
acquiring energy storage charging power, energy storage discharging power and a second power discarding state, wherein the second power discarding state is used for indicating whether power discarding exists after pumped storage optimization;
determining the total power of the energy storage optimization power curtailment according to the total power of the pumped storage optimization power curtailment, the energy storage charging power, the energy storage discharging power and the second power curtailment state;
generating a pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model according to the energy storage optimization total power and a preset second constraint condition;
acquiring a preset optimization effect index, completing the dispatching of electrochemical energy storage according to the pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model and the optimization effect index, and determining the energy storage rated power and capacity required to be configured for the electrochemical energy storage;
the generating of the pumped storage power station optimization model according to the total power of the pumped storage optimization power rejection and the preset first constraint condition comprises the following steps:
generating the pumped storage power station optimization model according to the first constraint condition and by taking the minimum total power of the pumped storage optimization power rejection as a target;
the first constraint condition comprises a pumping and storage unit power constraint, a unit and power station single working condition constraint, a unit workbench number constraint, a unit maximum start-stop frequency constraint and a power station reservoir water level and fluctuation constraint;
the generating a pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model according to the energy storage optimization total power and a preset second constraint condition comprises the following steps:
generating the pumping and accumulating energy storage optimization model according to the second constraint condition and with the minimum total power of the energy storage optimization and the electric abandoning as a target;
the second constraint includes: optimizing effect index constraint, energy storage charging and discharging power constraint, energy storage charge state constraint and energy storage performance constraint.
2. The method of collaborative optimization configuration of electrochemical energy storage capacity considering a pumped storage power plant according to claim 1, wherein determining the total power of pumped storage optimization and power rejection according to the initial power rejection, the unit pump power, the unit generation power and the first power rejection state comprises:
determining the pumping energy storage optimized initial total power of the electric power abandoned according to the initial electric power abandoned, the pumping power of the unit, the generating power of the unit and the first electric power abandoned state;
and determining the total power of the pumped storage optimizing power discarding according to the initial total power of the pumped storage optimizing power discarding.
3. The method of collaborative optimization configuration of electrochemical energy storage capacity accounting for a pumped storage power plant according to claim 1, further comprising, after the generating a pumped storage power plant optimization model:
determining initial total power of power discarding according to the initial power discarding;
and determining a first evaluation index according to the initial total power of the abandoned electricity and the total power of the pumped storage and the optimized abandoned electricity, wherein the first evaluation index is used for measuring the optimizing effect of the total power of the abandoned electricity after the pumped storage is added.
4. The method of collaborative optimization configuration of electrochemical energy storage capacity taking into account a pumped storage power plant according to claim 1, wherein optimizing the total power of electrical power curtailment, the energy storage charging power, the energy storage discharging power, and the second electrical curtailment state according to the pumped storage comprises:
determining the energy storage optimization initial total power of discarding according to the total power of the pumped storage optimization discarding, the energy storage charging power, the energy storage discharging power and the second discarding state;
and determining the energy storage optimizing total power of the abandoned electricity according to the energy storage optimizing total power of the initially abandoned electricity.
5. The method of collaborative optimization configuration of electrochemical energy storage capacity accounting for an extraction and storage power station according to claim 1, further comprising, after the generating an extraction and storage energy storage optimization model:
and determining a second evaluation index according to the total power of the pumped storage and the total power of the energy storage, wherein the second evaluation index is used for measuring the optimizing effect of the electrochemical energy storage on the total power of the energy storage compared with the pumped storage alone.
6. The method of collaborative optimization configuration of electrochemical energy storage capacity accounting for an extraction and storage power plant according to claim 1, wherein the first and second states of curtailment are boolean variables.
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