CN113889972A - Method and device for inhibiting no-load closing excitation inrush current of three-phase transformer - Google Patents
Method and device for inhibiting no-load closing excitation inrush current of three-phase transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113889972A CN113889972A CN202111095951.8A CN202111095951A CN113889972A CN 113889972 A CN113889972 A CN 113889972A CN 202111095951 A CN202111095951 A CN 202111095951A CN 113889972 A CN113889972 A CN 113889972A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/001—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection limiting speed of change of electric quantities, e.g. soft switching on or off
- H02H9/002—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection limiting speed of change of electric quantities, e.g. soft switching on or off limiting inrush current on switching on of inductive loads subjected to remanence, e.g. transformers
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for inhibiting magnetizing inrush current during no-load closing of a three-phase transformer. Calculating a switching-off angle by using the phase current sampling value, and determining a switching-on angle according to the proposed switching-off angle-switching-on angle relation; and the suppression of the no-load closing excitation inrush current of the transformer can be realized without requiring a voltage transformer to be installed on the side of the transformer and requiring the three-phase circuit breaker to have split-phase operation capability, and the method has the advantages of good inrush current suppression effect, strong engineering practicability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer magnetizing inrush current suppression, and particularly relates to a method and a device for suppressing a three-phase transformer no-load closing magnetizing inrush current.
Background
Power transformers are extremely important and expensive electrical devices. When a power transformer is switched on, a magnetizing inrush current is generated in a winding of the transformer at a high rate due to the saturation characteristics of the ferromagnetic material. The field experience proves that the amplitude of the magnetizing inrush current can reach several times or even more than ten times of the rated current. The excitation inrush current can cause differential protection misoperation, so that the switching-on failure of the transformer is caused, the impact can be caused on the transformer, the service life of the transformer is shortened, and meanwhile, adverse effects are caused on peripheral running equipment, such as phase change failure of direct current converter equipment and the like.
Reliably suppressing the magnetizing inrush current has important significance for safe and reliable operation of the power system. The key to suppressing the magnetizing inrush current is to ensure that the magnetic flux of the transformer core is not saturated. The existing magnetizing inrush current suppression method is a phase-control switching-on method, and switching-on is carried out at a proper electrical angle by controlling a breaker, so that pre-induction magnetic flux is equal to residual magnetism of an iron core of a transformer, and magnetic flux saturation is avoided. However, when the technology is used on site, the limitation that the residual magnetism of the iron core cannot be measured, a large number of transformers are not provided with voltage transformers, the opening of the transformers cannot be effectively judged, and the like is caused, so that the existing inrush current suppression effect is not ideal. The application number 202011628412.1 discloses a method and a system for suppressing an excitation inrush current during no-load closing after demagnetization of a three-phase transformer, which control a three-phase linkage breaker to close according to a preset angle aiming at the demagnetized transformer, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing the excitation inrush current of the three phases. However, the method is only suitable for the switching-on inrush current suppression without residual magnetism after the three-phase transformer is demagnetized, and the application scene is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for inhibiting inrush current during no-load closing of a three-phase transformer, so that the technical problem of poor inrush current inhibition effect of the existing inrush current inhibition method is solved.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for suppressing a no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of a three-phase transformer, including:
s1, according to the opening time t of the three-phase transformerfjDetermining the opening angle
S2, according to the aboveThe opening angle
According to
Determining a closing angle
Wherein the grain size is-16 °<c<70°；
S3, after receiving the external closing instruction, the time delay t is passedysSending a closing signal to control the circuit breaker to be at a closing angle
And closing the switch.
Preferably, the opening angle
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein, tfjThe opening time of the three-phase transformer; t is t01For any phase voltage of the bus at tfjThe first zero-crossing time of the previous occurrence from negative to positive; k is an angle corresponding to a unit time.
Preferably, the opening time t of the three-phase transformerfjThe following method is adopted for determination:
continuously monitoring three-phase current sampling values of the air-drop side of the three-phase transformer, and taking the current moment as the opening moment t of the three-phase transformer when the three-phase current sampling values are lower than a setting threshold valuefj。
Preferably, the three-phase current sampling value of the air-drop side of the three-phase transformer is continuously monitored, and when the three-phase current sampling value is lower than a setting threshold value, the current moment is taken as the opening moment t of the three-phase transformerfjThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
air-drop side of continuously monitoring three-phase transformerThree-phase current sampling values, when the sampling values of continuous half cycles satisfy ia<iset1And 3i0<iset2Determining that the three-phase transformer is opened, and taking the moment before the half cycle as the opening moment tfj(ii) a Wherein iaSampled values of phase A currents for three-phase transformers, 3i0Is a zero sequence current, 3i0＝ia+ib+ic，ib、icThe sampling values of the phase b and the phase c currents of the three-phase transformer are respectively.
Preferably, said delay tysThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
tys＝(Nmin×T+thj)-(tkzhl+tdlq)；
where T is the power frequency period, ThjTime converted from a closing angle:
tkzhlis the inherent delay of the control loop; t is tdlqIs the circuit breaker actuation time;
preferably, after the closing signal is sent out, the inherent delay t of the control loop is passedkzhlThe breaker receives the closing signal and is at a closing angle
And closing the switch.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for suppressing a no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of a three-phase transformer, including:
a brake-separating angle determining module for determining the brake-separating time t of the three-phase transformerfjDetermining the opening angle
A closing determination module according to the opening angle
According to
Determining a closing angle
Wherein the grain size is-16 °<c<70°；
The control module delays t after receiving an external closing instructionysSending a closing signal to control the circuit breaker to be at a closing angle
And closing the switch.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method for inhibiting the magnetizing inrush current during the no-load closing of the three-phase transformer, after the three-phase transformer is randomly switched off, the circuit breaker is controlled to close at the specified closing angle, so that the effect of inhibiting the magnetizing inrush current is achieved; the method can be applied to both demagnetizing scenes and non-demagnetizing scenes, and has the advantages of wide application range, strong engineering feasibility and the like.
2. The method for inhibiting the no-load closing excitation inrush current of the three-phase transformer has the advantage of accurate calculation of the opening angle by judging the opening time by using the current sampling value, does not require a voltage transformer to be installed on the transformer side, and has better engineering feasibility and economical efficiency.
3. The invention provides a method for inhibiting the no-load closing excitation surge current of a three-phase transformer, and provides a switching-off angle-switching-on angle relation with a three-phase surge current inhibiting effect, and a switching-on angle
By the opening angle
Determining:
wherein the value range of c is as follows: -16 °<c<70 degrees, and the random deviation degree of the breaker at the closing time is properly adjusted in practical application; compared with a certain fixed switching-on angle, the device has the advantages of no need of depending on demagnetization of the transformer, adaptation to any switching-off working condition of the transformer and the like; allowing control loop inherent delay tkzhlAnd closing time t of circuit breakerdlqThe sum of the two-dimensional flow has an error of +/-2 ms, and the inrush current inhibition effect is more obvious and more stable.
4. The method for inhibiting the no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of the three-phase transformer does not require the three-phase circuit breaker to have split-phase operation capability, and has higher engineering feasibility.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for suppressing an inrush current during no-load closing of a three-phase transformer according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a closing angle and a three-phase inrush current in the method for suppressing an unloaded closing magnetizing inrush current of a three-phase transformer according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a second schematic flow chart of the method for suppressing the no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of the three-phase transformer according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a delay calculation of a closing pulse according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a wiring diagram of a device for suppressing the no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of the three-phase transformer provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for suppressing a three-phase transformer no-load closing magnetizing inrush current, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, according toOpening time t of three-phase transformerfjDetermining the opening angle
Further, the opening angle
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein, tfjThe opening time of the three-phase transformer; t is t01For any phase voltage of the bus at tfjThe first zero-crossing time of the previous occurrence from negative to positive; k is an angle corresponding to a unit time.
Further, the opening time t of the three-phase transformerfjThe following method is adopted for determination:
continuously monitoring three-phase current sampling values of the air-drop side of the three-phase transformer, and taking the current moment as the opening moment t of the three-phase transformer when the three-phase current sampling values are lower than a setting threshold valuefj。
Further, the three-phase current sampling value of the air-drop side of the three-phase transformer is continuously monitored, and when the three-phase current sampling value is lower than a setting threshold value, the current moment is taken as the opening moment t of the three-phase transformerfjThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
continuously monitoring three-phase current sampling values of the air-drop side of the three-phase transformer, and when the sampling values of continuous half cycles meet ia<iset1And 3i0<iset2Determining that the three-phase transformer is opened, and taking the moment before the half cycle as the opening moment tfj(ii) a Wherein iaSampled values of phase A currents for three-phase transformers, 3i0＝ia+ib+ic，ib、icThe sampling values of the phase b and the phase c currents of the three-phase transformer are respectively.
Specifically, step S1 is to calculate the switching-off angle from the current sampling value when the transformer is switched off, and includes:
s11, continuously monitoring a three-phase current sampling value of the air-dropping side of the transformer from the measurement current transformer;
s12, when the three-phase current sampling value is lower than the setting threshold value, the current moment is taken as the opening moment t of the transformerfj；
S13, taking a certain phase voltage of the bus as a reference voltage and taking an A phase voltage uaFor example, remember uaAt tfjThe first positive zero-crossing time t01Calculating the opening angle as shown in formula (1)
Wherein k is an angle corresponding to unit time; preferably, k is 18 °/ms.
S2, according to the opening angle
According to
Determining a closing angle
Wherein the grain size is-16 °<c<70°。
Specifically, step S2 specifically includes:
as shown in formula (2), by the opening angle
Calculating the closing angle
Wherein, the value range of c is as follows: -16 ° < c <70 °. And in practical application, the random deviation degree of the breaker at the closing time is properly adjusted.
The formula (2) is obtained by experiments, the opening angle is taken as the origin of the abscissa axis, namely the opening angle is taken as the reference angle of 0 degree, the relation between the set closing angle and the three-phase inrush current is approximate to a U-shaped curve, and as shown in fig. 2, when the difference between the opening angle and the closing angle is in the range of-16 degrees to 70 degrees, the three-phase inrush current suppression effect is good.
S3, after receiving the external closing instruction, the time delay t is passedysSending a closing signal to control the circuit breaker to be at a closing angle
And closing the switch.
Further, the delay tysThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
tys＝(Nmin×T+thj)-(tkzhl+tdlq) (3)
where T is the power frequency period, ThjTime converted from a closing angle:
tkzhlis the inherent delay of the control loop; t is tdlqIs the circuit breaker actuation time;
furthermore, after the closing signal is sent out, the inherent delay t of the control loop is passedkzhlThe breaker receives the closing signal and is at a closing angle
And closing the switch.
Specifically, step S3 is to control the three-phase circuit breaker to close according to the closing angle, and specifically includes:
s31, calculating the time delay t according to the formula (3)ys(ii) a Wherein, T is a power frequency period, preferably, T is 20 ms; n is a radical ofminIs an integer, guaranteed NminX T is just greater than Tkzhl+tdlqIt can be determined by equation (4):
s32, waiting for a closing instruction;
s33, after receiving the closing instruction, using the reference voltage uaChanging the negative zero point into the positive zero point as a time reference point;
s34, after a delay of tysSending a closing signal;
s35, passing through inherent delay t of control loopkzhlThe circuit breaker receives a closing signal and then closes at a closing angle
And closing the switch.
The method for suppressing the no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of the three-phase transformer according to the present invention is further described with a specific example.
As shown in fig. 3-4, first, setting parameters are set, specifically including:
1) c: and calculating parameters of the closing angle.
2)tkzhl: the control loop has an inherent delay.
3)tdlq: circuit breaker actuation time.
4)iset1、iset2: the current threshold values 1 and 2 are used for judging the brake-off time.
Then, entering a suppression process of the no-load closing excitation inrush current of the three-phase transformer: continuously detecting current sampling value, judging whether the brake is opened or not, and calculating the brake opening angle after the brake is opened
Closing angle
And a delay tysOptionally, taking a certain phase as a reference phase, taking the phase A as an example, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) continuously monitoring a three-phase current sampling value, and judging whether to open a brake, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
recording phase A electricityStream sample value iaCalculating the zero sequence current 3i0＝ia+ib+ic；
Judging whether the sampling values of the continuous half cycles meet the following conditions: i.e. ia<iset1And 3i0<iset2If yes, judging that the transformer is opened, and taking the moment before the half cycle as the opening moment tfjAnd if not, indicating that the brake is not opened and continuing to operate.
2) If 1) the opening of the transformer is judged, calculating an opening angle: at time tfjFirst, find the positive zero crossing t of the A-phase voltage01And calculating a brake separating angle:
k is the angle per unit time, e.g., 18 °/ms;
3) calculating a closing angle:
4) calculating closing time:
5) calculating the time delay of sending a closing signal: t is tys＝(Nmin×20ms+thj)-(tkzhl+tdlq) Wherein
Finally, waiting for a closing command includes:
1) waiting for the switching value H corresponding to the external switching-on command to shift, namely receiving the switching-on command, and recording the current time t1；
2) Monitoring A phase voltage sampling value of the power grid side, and searching a zero crossing point t changed from negative to positive0；
3) Monitoring t-t0≥tysIf the condition is met, wherein t is the current moment, when the condition is met, a closing signal is sent out and the inherent delay t of the control loop is passedkzhlThe circuit breaker receives the closing signalTime delay t after circuit breaker actiondlqThe breaker contacts are closed. Wherein, the time delay calculation of the closing pulse is shown in fig. 4
The following describes the apparatus for suppressing the no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of the three-phase transformer according to the present invention, and the apparatus for suppressing the no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of the three-phase transformer described below and the method for suppressing the no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of the three-phase transformer described above may be referred to in correspondence.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for inhibiting the no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of a three-phase transformer, which comprises:
a brake-separating angle determining module for determining the brake-separating time t of the three-phase transformerfjDetermining the opening angle
A closing determination module according to the opening angle
According to
Determining a closing angle
Wherein the grain size is-16 °<c<70°；
The control module delays t after receiving an external closing instructionysSending a closing signal to control the circuit breaker to be at a closing angle
And closing the switch.
As shown in fig. 5, the signals to be connected to the apparatus for suppressing the no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of the three-phase transformer provided by the present invention include: a voltage signal introduced from a bus side voltage transformer PT; measuring a current signal introduced by a current transformer CT from the transformer side; and an external closing command signal of the switching value of the handle. The signal needing to be output is a circuit breaker closing switching value signal.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for suppressing the no-load closing magnetizing inrush current of a three-phase transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, according to the opening time t of the three-phase transformerfjDetermining the opening angle
S2, according to the opening angle
According to
Determining a closing angle
Wherein, c is more than-16 degrees and less than 70 degrees;
s3, after receiving the external closing instruction, the time delay t is passedysSending a closing signal to control the circuit breaker to be at a closing angle
And closing the switch.
2. The method for suppressing the inrush current during no-load closing of three-phase transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switching-off angle is set to be equal to or greater than a predetermined value
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein, tfjThe opening time of the three-phase transformer; t is t01For any phase voltage of the bus at tfjThe first zero-crossing time of the previous occurrence from negative to positive; k is an angle corresponding to a unit time.
3. The method for suppressing the magnetizing inrush current during no-load closing of a three-phase transformer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inrush current is generated at a time t when the three-phase transformer is openedfjThe following method is adopted for determination:
continuously monitoring three-phase current sampling values of the air-drop side of the three-phase transformer, and taking the current moment as the opening moment t of the three-phase transformer when the three-phase current sampling values are lower than a setting threshold valuefj。
4. The method for suppressing the inrush current during the no-load closing of the three-phase transformer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the sampled values of the three-phase currents on the air-drop side of the three-phase transformer are continuously monitored, and when the sampled values of the three-phase currents are lower than a setting threshold value, the current time is the opening time t of the three-phase transformerfjThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
continuously monitoring three-phase current sampling values of the air-drop side of the three-phase transformer, and when the sampling values of continuous half cycles meet ia＜iset1And 3i0＜iset2Determining that the three-phase transformer is opened, and taking the moment before the half cycle as the opening moment tfj(ii) a Wherein iaSampled values of phase A currents for three-phase transformers, 3i0Is a zero sequence current, 3i0＝ia+ib+ic，ib、icThe sampling values of the phase b and the phase c currents of the three-phase transformer are respectively.
5. The method for suppressing the magnetizing inrush current during the no-load closing of the three-phase transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time delay t is tysThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
tys＝(Nmin×T+thj)-(tkzhl+tdlq)；
where T is the power frequency period, ThjTime converted from a closing angle:
tkzhlis the inherent delay of the control loop; t is tdlqIs the circuit breaker actuation time;
6. the method for suppressing the magnetizing inrush current during no-load closing of three-phase transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control loop inherent delay t is passed after the closing signal is sentkzhlThe breaker receives the closing signal and is at a closing angle
And closing the switch.
7. The utility model provides a suppression device of three-phase transformer no-load closing excitation inrush current which characterized in that includes:
a brake-separating angle determining module for determining the brake-separating time t of the three-phase transformerfjDetermining the opening angle
A closing determination module according to the opening angle
According to
Determining a closing angle
Wherein, c is more than-16 degrees and less than 70 degrees;
control module receiving external commandAfter the gate command, delay tysSending a closing signal to control the circuit breaker to be at a closing angle
And closing the switch.
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