CN113889765B - Method for expanding working band lower limit of coplanar Vivaldi antenna - Google Patents
Method for expanding working band lower limit of coplanar Vivaldi antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic fields and microwaves, and particularly relates to a method for expanding the lower limit of an operating frequency band of a coplanar Vivaldi antenna. By opening a closed groove similar to the shape of the radiating patch on the metal radiating patch of the traditional coplanar Vivaldi antenna, a curve radiating arm is constructed, two exponentially-graded metal radiating patches are equivalently constructed, and current distribution is improved; the first curved radiating arm 12, the first linear radiating arm 13 and the second linear radiating arm 14 form an upper loop radiating structure, the second curved radiating arm 22, the third linear radiating arm 23 and the fourth linear radiating arm 24 form a lower loop radiating structure, so that the effective length of a current propagation path on the surface of the antenna is effectively prolonged, and the low-frequency radiating capability of the antenna is enhanced; meanwhile, parallel slot lines are formed on the first linear radiation arm 13 and the third linear radiation arm 23, and resistance loading is carried out, so that impedance matching is facilitated, antenna reflection is reduced, partial low-frequency components are absorbed to the greatest extent, and the lower limit of the working frequency band of the antenna is further remarkably expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic fields and microwaves, and particularly relates to a method for expanding the lower limit of an operating frequency band of a coplanar Vivaldi antenna.
Background
The Vivaldi antenna is a planar end-fire gradual change slot antenna, has the advantages of wide working frequency band, good directivity, high gain and the like, has a simple structure, is easy to process and integrate, and is widely applied to the ultra-wideband field, such as radar detection, ultra-wideband communication and the like. Vivaldi antennas can be broadly divided into two categories, one being coplanar Vivaldi antennas fed by microstrip-slot line coupling and the other being antipodal Vivaldi antennas fed by microstrip-parallel twin lines. The upper limit of the operating frequency band of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna is limited by the feed structure of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna, so that the antipodal Vivaldi antenna is developed. But the lower limit of the operating band of the antenna, whether in a coplanar or antipodal form, is determined by the width of the horn opening. In general, the width of the radiation port of the Vivaldi antenna is about 0.5 times of the wavelength corresponding to the lower limit frequency of the working band, so that expanding the lower limit of the working band of the Vivaldi antenna has great significance for engineering application of the antenna under the condition that the size of the antenna is unchanged.
The conventional method for expanding the lower limit of the working band of the Vivaldi antenna mainly comprises the modes of adopting a high dielectric constant plate, changing a radiation structure, slotting and the like. In theory, the high-dielectric-constant plate can be used for equivalently increasing the size of the antenna so as to expand the lower limit of the working frequency band of the antenna, but in practice, the electric field propagated between the antenna radiation structures is not completely contained or limited in the high-dielectric-constant material, but is distributed outside the material, so that the lower limit of the working frequency band of the antenna is not obviously expanded as expected by using the high-dielectric-constant material, and the high-dielectric-constant plate has higher cost. The antenna radiation structure is changed, for example, the contour line of a conventional index gradient line is changed into a sine modulated Gaussian gradient contour line, or a resonant cavity is added at the tail end of a horn-shaped opening of the antenna, and the lower limit of the working band of the antenna can be improved and expanded to a certain extent, but the structural complexity is increased, and the effect is not obvious. Similarly, the antenna radiation patch is also subjected to slotting treatment, a common slot is usually an open slot line, current is coupled to the slot line when propagating along the gradual change contour line, and is radiated outwards from the slot line, so that current distribution is improved, the effective length of a current propagation path of the antenna surface can be prolonged to a certain extent, but the improvement of the low-frequency radiation effect is not obvious enough and the design difficulty is increased.
In summary, the main technical problem faced in expanding the lower limit of the operating band of the Vivaldi antenna is that the cost (adopting high dielectric constant material) or complexity (changing the radiation structure and slotting process, etc.) is greatly increased but the effect of improving the lower limit of the operating band of the antenna is not obvious. Therefore, it is necessary to research and explore the maximum expansion of the lower limit of the working band of the antenna by simply changing the radiation structure and combining other modes such as resistance loading under the condition of not increasing the size of the antenna aiming at the structural characteristics of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna, such as that the radiation patch is easy to integrate with the lumped element on the same plane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for expanding the lower limit of the working frequency band of a coplanar Vivaldi antenna, and solves the technical problem that the lower limit of the working frequency band of the Vivaldi antenna is limited by the size of the antenna.
In order to achieve the above purpose and solve the above technical problems, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
Step 1, constructing a loop radiation structure:
The metal radiating patches 1 and 2 on the upper and lower sides of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna shown in fig. 1 are opened and closed to form an upper loop radiating structure and a lower loop radiating structure. As shown in fig. 3, the upper side closing groove 11 and the lower side closing groove 21 are similar in shape to the metal radiating patches 1, 2 in fig. 1, respectively; the upper side closing groove 11 and the lower side closing groove 21 are vertically symmetrical with respect to the horizontal central axis of the antenna dielectric substrate 3.
The upper loop radiation structure consists of three parts, namely a first curve radiation arm 12, a first linear radiation arm 13 and a second linear radiation arm 14 which are gradually changed in index, wherein the three parts form a current loop structure; the first linear radiating arm 13 is a linear radiating arm parallel to the antenna radiating direction and close to the upper edge of the dielectric substrate, and the second linear radiating arm 14 is a linear radiating arm perpendicular to the antenna radiating direction in the upper loop radiating structure;
The lower loop radiation structure consists of three parts, namely a second curve radiation arm 22, a third linear radiation arm 23 and a fourth linear radiation arm 24 which are gradually changed in index, and the three parts form a current loop structure; the third linear radiation arm 23 is a linear radiation arm parallel to the antenna radiation direction and close to the upper edge of the dielectric substrate, and the fourth linear radiation arm 24 is a linear radiation arm perpendicular to the antenna radiation direction in the upper loop radiation structure;
The exponential taper line taper rates on both sides of the first curved radiating arm 12 and on both sides of the second curved radiating arm 22 are the same and the starting point abscissa is consistent.
Step 2, constructing parallel groove lines:
an upper parallel slot line 15 and a lower parallel slot line 25 are respectively constructed on the first linear radiating arm 13 and the third linear radiating arm 23 parallel to the antenna radiating direction in the upper loop radiating structure and the lower loop radiating structure of the antenna shown in fig. 3, as shown in fig. 4. The loop radiating structures on the upper side and the lower side in fig. 3 are cut off to form a semi-closed discontinuous upper loop radiating structure and a lower loop radiating structure. The positions of the parallel slot lines on the upper side and the lower side are up-and-down symmetrical relative to the horizontal central axis of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna dielectric substrate 3.
The upper side parallel groove lines 15 and the lower side parallel groove lines 25 can be arranged in a plurality according to actual requirements. The widths of the upper parallel slot line 15 and the lower parallel slot line 25 are equivalent to the lengths of the chip resistors.
And step 3, carrying out resistance loading to form a closed loop radiation structure:
As shown in fig. 5, the resistors are loaded on the upper parallel slot line 15 and the lower parallel slot line 25, the loading resistors are respectively an upper resistor 7 and a lower resistor 8, and two ends of the upper and lower loading resistors are connected to two sides of the upper and lower parallel slot lines, so that the semi-closed discontinuous loop radiation structure formed in the step 2 is closed by means of resistor connection, and current conduction and absorption are completed.
The resistances adopted by the upper side resistor loading 7 and the lower side resistor loading 8 are patch resistors.
The antenna junction is further optimized in a numerical simulation mode and the like to obtain better results. The upper and lower loop radiation structures shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the positions and the number of the upper and lower parallel slot lines 15 and 25 shown in fig. 4 and 5, the resistance values and the number of the upper and lower resistor loads 7 and 8 shown in fig. 5 and the like are further optimally designed to obtain the best effect.
The first linear radiating arm width 13 in the upper loop radiating structure is comparable to the end width of the first curved radiating arm 12 and is greater than the start width of the first curved radiating arm 12. The distance between the first linear radiating arm 13 and the first curved radiating arm 12 is at least larger than a quarter of the width of the antenna dielectric substrate 3 to construct a current loop structure, reducing the current coupling between the first curved radiating arm 12 and the first linear radiating arm 13. The lower loop radiating structure is arranged and optimized in accordance with the upper loop radiating structure.
The distance between the parallel slot lines 15, 25 and the second and fourth linear radiating arms 14, 24, respectively, is not more than half the length of the antenna dielectric substrate 3. The number of parallel slot lines on the first linear radiation arm 13 and the third linear radiation arm 23 is not more than 3, and the larger current discontinuity can be caused by the excessive number, because the current discontinuity can be caused by slotting, too many current discontinuities of the slots can be increased, the current reflection is increased, and the effect of expanding the frequency band can not be achieved. It is more appropriate to limit the number of parallel slot lines to three or less in order to avoid causing larger current discontinuities. And from the related simulation model and result, three slots are formed, which means that 3 resistors are connected in series, so that low-frequency energy can be basically absorbed completely, and no better improvement effect is achieved by opening more slots to load more resistors. When only 1 parallel slot line is provided, respectively, it is located as close as possible to the second and fourth linear radiating arms 14, 24.
The resistance values of the upper resistor 7 and the lower resistor 8 are selected to be in the range of 100 omega-500 omega, and the resistance loading at each parallel slot line can be realized by connecting a plurality of resistors in parallel, so that the power capacity can be increased on one hand, and the discontinuity when the current flows through the parallel slot lines can be reduced by connecting a plurality of resistors in parallel on the other hand. When a plurality of parallel slot lines are arranged on each loop radiation structure, the total resistance range of all series resistors is consistent with the selection range of single resistor loading. In particular, when only one parallel slot line is formed on each loop radiating structure, the resistance value of the loaded resistor can obtain the best effect at about 200Ω.
The effective benefits of the invention are as follows:
1. According to the invention, the closed groove similar to the shape of the radiating patch is formed in the radiating patch of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna, so that the original radiating patch is equivalently constructed into two radiating patches, the current distribution of the antenna is improved, and the radiation capacity of the antenna is further enhanced.
2. The invention constructs the original metal radiation patch of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna into a loop radiation structure through the open and closed groove, can be regarded as a current loop, prolongs the effective length of the current propagation path on the surface of the antenna, effectively enhances the radiation of the antenna to low-frequency energy, and expands the lower limit of the working band of the antenna.
3. The parallel slot lines are arranged on the outer side of the loop radiation structure, namely on the linear radiation arm parallel to the radiation direction of the antenna in the loop radiation structure, and the parallel slot lines are loaded by resistors, so that the impedance matching of the antenna is facilitated, the reflection is reduced, part of low-frequency energy is absorbed to the greatest extent, and the lower limit of the working frequency band of the antenna is further expanded. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the minimum width of the antenna radiation port can be 0.15 times of the lower limit of the working frequency band.
4. The method provided by the invention is mainly used for modifying the internal structure of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna radiation patch, has a simple form and does not need to additionally increase the antenna size.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a conventional coplanar Vivaldi antenna fed by microstrip line-metal vias;
FIG. 2 illustrates microstrip line conduction band portions of a front side radiating structure and a back side feeding structure of a conventional coplanar Vivaldi antenna fed by microstrip line-metal via;
FIG. 3 is a coplanar Vivaldi antenna with a closed slot;
FIG. 4 is a coplanar Vivaldi antenna with parallel slot lines disposed outside of the enclosed slot;
FIG. 5 is a coplanar Vivaldi antenna with loop structure and parallel slot lines for resistive loading;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the comparison of S11 curves of the examples.
Wherein: 1-an upper side metallic radiating patch; 2-a lower side metallic radiating patch; 3-a dielectric substrate; 4-microstrip line conduction band; 5-metal vias; 6-a circular resonant cavity; 7-upper side resistance; 8-lower side resistance; 11-upper side closing groove; 12-a first curvilinear radiating arm; 13-a first linear radiation arm; 14-a second rectilinear radiating arm; 15-parallel slot lines in the upper loop radiating structure; 21-a lower side closing groove; 22-a second curved radiating arm; 23-a third linear radiating arm; 24-a fourth rectilinear radiating arm; 25-parallel slot lines in the lower loop radiating structure.
Detailed Description
The invention is described and illustrated in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention has the core ideas that the traditional coplanar Vivaldi antenna is structurally modified, so that the current distribution of the antenna is improved, the effective length of the current propagation path of the antenna surface is increased, and the lower limit of the working band of the antenna is expanded through absorbing resistance. The lower limit of the operating band of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna depends on the width of its radiating port, and in general, when the dimensions are determined, the lower limit frequency of the band corresponds to a wavelength of about 2 times the width of the radiating port. When the conventional coplanar Vivaldi antenna works, current fed into the antenna is coupled with a gap at the tail end of a microstrip line and at the starting end of a slot line of a horn-shaped opening of the antenna, so that the current propagates forwards along a horn-shaped radiation structure and radiates, and in the process, the current is mostly distributed on the edge of the slot line of the horn-shaped opening, namely an index gradual change line. When the closed slot with the shape similar to that of the antenna radiation patch is arranged, current is simultaneously distributed at the edge of the horn-shaped opening slot line and the edge of the inner closed slot, namely, the current is distributed at the inner side and the outer side of the curve radiation arm of the loop radiation structure, which is equivalent to the construction of another antenna with similar properties in the antenna radiation patch, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the current distribution of the antenna and enhancing the radiation capacity. Meanwhile, one curve radiating arm and two straight radiating arms form a loop radiating structure, which can be regarded as a current loop, and the effective length of a surface current propagation path is prolonged by arranging the loop structure, so that the radiating capacity of the antenna for low-frequency energy is effectively enhanced. In order to further expand the lower limit of the working frequency band of the antenna, parallel slot lines are formed on the outer side of the loop radiation structure, namely on a linear radiation arm parallel to the radiation direction of the antenna in the loop radiation structure, resistance loading is carried out, partial low-frequency components can be absorbed to the greatest extent by selecting proper resistance loading positions and resistance loading values, reflection is reduced, and therefore the lower limit of the working frequency band of the antenna is remarkably expanded.
As shown in fig. 1, a conventional coplanar Vivaldi antenna fed by microstrip line-metal via holes is shown, and an upper metal radiation patch 1 and a lower metal radiation patch 2 are printed on the upper surface of a dielectric substrate 3. As shown in fig. 2, the upper surface structure diagram and the lower surface structure diagram of a conventional coplanar Vivaldi antenna fed by microstrip line-metal via holes are shown, 4 is a microstrip line conduction band of the antenna feed structure, 5 is a metal via hole at the end of the microstrip line, the microstrip line conduction band 4 is connected with the upper surface metal radiation patch 1 through the metal via hole 5, so that the feed efficiency of the antenna can be improved, and 6 is a circular resonant cavity.
The method for expanding the lower limit of the working frequency band of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna provided by the invention only aims at the structural improvement of the radiating patches on the upper side and the lower side of the antenna, and the feed structure and the form are kept unchanged, so that the method is also suitable for the coplanar Vivaldi antenna adopting the microstrip line conduction band 4 to feed with other forms such as circular, fan-shaped branches and the like. In the following description of the method, the antenna structure is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the microstrip line-metal via is used for feeding.
According to the invention, the closed groove similar to the shape of the radiating patch is formed on the metal radiating patch of the traditional coplanar Vivaldi antenna, so that a curve radiating arm is constructed, two exponentially-graded metal radiating patches are equivalently constructed, and the current distribution is improved; the first curved radiating arm 12, the first linear radiating arm 13 and the second linear radiating arm 14 form an upper loop radiating structure, the second curved radiating arm 22, the third linear radiating arm 23 and the fourth linear radiating arm 24 form a lower loop radiating structure, so that the effective length of a surface current propagation path of the antenna is effectively prolonged, and the low-frequency radiating capability of the antenna is enhanced; meanwhile, parallel slot lines are formed on the first linear radiation arm 13 and the third linear radiation arm 23, and resistance loading is carried out, so that antenna reflection is reduced, partial low-frequency components are absorbed to the greatest extent, and the lower limit of the working frequency band of the antenna is further remarkably expanded.
The method provided by the invention only reforms the internal structure of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna radiation patch, and the antenna size is not additionally increased while the lower limit of the working frequency band of the antenna is obviously expanded.
Example 1
Fig. 6 shows an application embodiment of a method for expanding the lower limit of the operating band of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna. In this embodiment, microstrip line-metal via holes are used for feeding, and since the present invention only modifies the internal structure of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna radiating patch, the feeding structure will not be described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 6, the upper and lower loop radiating structures are constructed by opening and closing the slots 11, 21 in the metal radiating patches on the upper and lower sides of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna. The upper loop radiation structure consists of a curve radiation arm 12, a linear radiation arm 13 which is parallel to the radiation direction of the antenna and is close to the upper edge of the dielectric substrate 3, and a linear radiation arm 14 which is parallel to the radiation direction of the antenna and is positioned above the resonant cavity 6; the lower loop radiation structure consists of a curved radiation arm 22, a linear radiation arm 23 parallel to the antenna radiation direction and close to the lower edge of the dielectric substrate 3, and a linear radiation arm 24 parallel to the antenna radiation direction and located below the resonant cavity 6. The two loop radiation structures are vertically symmetrical about the horizontal central axis of the antenna dielectric substrate 3.
The index gradient lines on the two sides of the curve radiation arm 12 and the index gradient lines on the two sides of the curve radiation arm 22 are consistent in gradient rate, and the abscissa of the starting end is consistent; the exponential progression equation is of the form y=c 1exp(αx)+c2.
Parallel slot lines 15, 25 are arranged at the same position of the straight radiation arms 13, 23 in the transverse direction, and upper radiation structure resistance loading 7 and lower radiation structure resistance loading 8 are respectively carried out on the parallel slot lines 15, 25.
In order to more clearly illustrate the beneficial effects of the method for expanding the lower limit of the working frequency band of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna, according to the specific embodiment and the implementation steps related to the invention in the summary, numerical simulation is provided for comparing S11 curves of the antenna under different steps, namely different structures, as shown in fig. 7, wherein the solid line is the S11 curve of the conventional Vivaldi antenna shown in fig. 1, the dashed line is the S11 curve of the antenna under the loop radiation structure shown in fig. 3, the short dotted line is the S11 curve of the antenna after the loop radiation structure is truncated shown in fig. 4, and the dash-dot line is the S11 curve of the embodiment shown in fig. 6. It should be noted that, the external dimensions and the index taper lines of the antennas shown in fig. 1, 3,4 and 6 are the same, and the embodiment shown in fig. 6 only modifies the internal structure of the antenna radiation patch shown in fig. 1.
The key parameters of the embodiment shown in fig. 6 are as follows: w=240 mm, l=354 mm, w1=47 mm, w2=62.9 mm, l1=265.8 mm. The progressive curvature of the exponential progressive lines on both sides of the curved radiating arms 12, 22 is 0.024. And the resistor loading 7 and the resistor loading 8 are respectively patch resistors, and the resistance value is 200Ω.
As can be seen from fig. 7, the lower frequency limit of the S11 curve of the conventional coplanar Vivaldi antenna shown in fig. 1 below-10 dB is 0.60GHz, and the width of the radiation port of the antenna is about 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the lower frequency limit; when the loop radiation structure is constructed as shown in fig. 3, the lower limit of the frequency of the antenna is 0.43GHz, and the width of the radiation port of the antenna is about 0.34 times of the wavelength corresponding to the lower limit of the frequency, in comparison, the loop radiation structure can expand the lower limit of the working band of the antenna; when the loop radiation structure is cut off but is not subjected to resistance loading, namely the structure shown in fig. 4, the lower limit of the antenna frequency is 0.41 GHz, and the width of the antenna radiation port is about 0.33 times of the wavelength corresponding to the lower limit of the frequency, compared with the situation that whether the loop radiation structure is cut off or not has an obvious effect on expanding the lower limit of the working band of the antenna; when the loop radiation structure is cut off and resistance loading is carried out, the lower frequency limit of the antenna S11 curve lower than-10 dB is 0.18GHz, and the width of the antenna radiation port is about 0.15 times of the corresponding wavelength of the lower frequency limit, so that compared with the traditional Vivaldi antenna, the method provided by the invention is adopted to reconstruct the coplanar Vivaldi antenna to construct the loop radiation structure to cut off and carry out resistance loading, and the lower frequency limit of the working frequency band of the antenna can be obviously expanded.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with specific embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to such description. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for expanding the lower limit of the working frequency band of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1, constructing a loop radiation structure
Opening and closing grooves on an upper side metal radiation patch (1) and a lower side metal radiation patch (2) of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna to form an upper side loop radiation structure and a lower side loop radiation structure; the upper side closing groove (11) and the lower side closing groove (21) are respectively similar to the upper side metal radiation patch (1) and the lower side metal radiation patch (2); the upper side closed groove (11) and the lower side closed groove (21) are vertically symmetrical with respect to the horizontal central axis of the antenna dielectric substrate (3);
The upper loop radiation structure consists of three parts, namely a first curve radiation arm (12) with gradually changed indexes, a first linear radiation arm (13) and a second linear radiation arm (14), and the three parts form a current loop structure; the first linear radiating arm (13) is a linear radiating arm which is parallel to the antenna radiating direction and is close to the upper edge of the dielectric substrate, and the upper side loop radiating structure of the second linear radiating arm (14) is a linear radiating arm which is perpendicular to the antenna radiating direction;
The lower loop radiation structure consists of three parts, namely a second curve radiation arm (22), a third linear radiation arm (23) and a fourth linear radiation arm (24) which are gradually changed in index, wherein the three parts form a current loop structure; the third linear radiation arm (23) is a linear radiation arm which is parallel to the radiation direction of the antenna and is close to the upper edge of the dielectric substrate, and the upper side loop radiation structure of the fourth linear radiation arm (24) is a linear radiation arm which is perpendicular to the radiation direction of the antenna;
step 2, constructing parallel groove lines
On a first linear radiating arm (13) and a third linear radiating arm (23) which are parallel to the antenna radiating direction in the upper loop radiating structure and the lower loop radiating structure, respectively constructing an upper parallel slot line (15) and a lower parallel slot line (25), cutting off the loop radiating structures on the upper side and the lower side to form a semi-closed discontinuous upper loop radiating structure and lower loop radiating structure, wherein the positions of the parallel slot lines on the upper side and the lower side are vertically symmetrical about the horizontal central axis of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna dielectric substrate (3);
step 3, carrying out resistance loading to form a closed loop radiation structure
And (3) carrying out resistance loading on the constructed upper parallel slot line (15) and lower parallel slot line (25), loading an upper resistor (7) on the upper parallel slot line (15), loading a lower resistor (8) on the lower parallel slot line (25), and connecting two ends of the upper and lower loading resistors to two sides of the upper and lower parallel slot lines, so that the semi-closed discontinuous loop radiation structure formed in the step (2) is closed in a resistor connection mode, and current conduction and absorption are completed.
2. A method for expanding the lower limit of the operating band of a coplanar Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, wherein the gradual rate of the exponential taper lines on both sides of the first curved radiating arm (12) is the same as that on both sides of the second curved radiating arm (22), and the starting point abscissa is the same.
3. A method for expanding the lower limit of the operating band of a coplanar Vivaldi antenna according to claim 2, wherein the width 13 of the first linear radiating arm in the upper loop radiating structure is equal to the width of the end of the first curved radiating arm (12) and is greater than the width of the start end of the first curved radiating arm (12); the distance between the first linear radiating arm (13) and the first curved radiating arm (12) is at least larger than one fourth of the width of the antenna dielectric substrate (3), so that a current loop structure is formed, current coupling between the first curved radiating arm (12) and the first linear radiating arm (13) is reduced, and the arrangement optimization of the lower loop radiating structure is consistent with that of the upper loop radiating structure.
4. The method for expanding the lower limit of the working frequency band of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of upper parallel slot lines (15) and lower parallel slot lines (25) are arranged according to actual requirements, and the widths of the constructed upper parallel slot lines (15) and lower parallel slot lines (25) are equivalent to the lengths of chip resistors.
5. The method for expanding the lower limit of the operating band of a coplanar Vivaldi antenna according to claim 4, wherein the number of parallel slot lines formed on the first linear radiating arm (13) and the third linear radiating arm (23) is not more than 3, so as to avoid causing larger current discontinuities, and if the number of parallel slot lines on the upper side (15) and the lower side (25) is 1, the upper side and the lower side (25) are located close to the second linear radiating arm (14) and the fourth linear radiating arm (24).
6. A method of extending the lower limit of the operating band of a coplanar Vivaldi antenna according to claim 4, wherein the distances between the upper parallel slot line (15) and the lower parallel slot line (25) and the second and fourth linear radiating arms (14, 24), respectively, are not more than half the length of the antenna dielectric substrate (3).
7. A method for expanding the lower limit of the operating band of a coplanar Vivaldi antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the upper resistor (7) and the lower resistor (8) are chip resistors.
8. The method for expanding the lower limit of the operating band of the coplanar Vivaldi antenna according to claim 7, wherein the resistance values of the upper resistor (7) and the lower resistor (8) are selected to be 100 Ω to 500 Ω, and the resistance loading at each parallel slot line is realized by connecting a plurality of resistors in parallel.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein when a plurality of parallel slot lines are formed in each loop radiating structure, the total resistance range of all series resistors is consistent with the selection range when a single resistor is loaded.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the loaded resistor has a resistance of 200Ω for best results when only one parallel slot line is opened on each loop radiating structure.
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| CN114725669B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2024-04-19 | 中国人民解放军63660部队 | Resistor-loaded miniaturized antipodal Vivaldi antenna with bent tail end |
| CN115020972B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-07-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Ultra-wideband impedance loading dual-polarized electric small-size Vivaldi antenna |
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