CN113883238B - Transmission and vehicle - Google Patents

Transmission and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113883238B
CN113883238B CN202010632320.4A CN202010632320A CN113883238B CN 113883238 B CN113883238 B CN 113883238B CN 202010632320 A CN202010632320 A CN 202010632320A CN 113883238 B CN113883238 B CN 113883238B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
driven gear
synchronizer
output shaft
driven
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN202010632320.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN113883238A (en
Inventor
刘华朝
华煜
王逢春
吴浪
周韬
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BYD Co Ltd
Huizhou BYD Battery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BYD Co Ltd
Huizhou BYD Battery Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd, Huizhou BYD Battery Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Priority to CN202010632320.4A priority Critical patent/CN113883238B/en
Publication of CN113883238A publication Critical patent/CN113883238A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN113883238B publication Critical patent/CN113883238B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/20—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear
    • F16H3/22—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially
    • F16H3/30—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially with driving and driven shafts not coaxial
    • F16H3/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially with driving and driven shafts not coaxial and an additional shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F16D23/025—Synchro rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/006—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising eight forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/0082—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of reverse speeds

Abstract

The invention discloses a transmission and a vehicle, wherein the transmission comprises: the first output shaft and shift fork device are provided with first gear driven gear, second gear driven gear, first half synchronous ware, second half synchronous ware and fixed axle on the first output shaft at least, and fixed axle sleeve is established on first output shaft, and first gear driven gear cover is established on the fixed axle, and second gear driven gear cover is established on first output shaft, and shift fork device includes: the shifting fork comprises a shifting fork rod, a first shifting fork foot and a second shifting fork foot, wherein the first shifting fork foot is matched with the first half synchronizer, and the second shifting fork foot is matched with the second half synchronizer. When the first half synchronizer needs to be combined with the first gear driven gear or the second half synchronizer needs to be combined with the second gear driven gear, the synchronous gear sleeve on the first half synchronizer and the synchronous gear sleeve on the second half synchronizer can be controlled to move through one shifting fork rod, and therefore combination can be achieved, a gear shifting executing mechanism and a corresponding hydraulic driving device are reduced, the structure is simple, and cost is reduced.

Description

Transmission and vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transmissions, in particular to a transmission and a vehicle.
Background
A transmission is a mechanism for changing rotational speed and torque from an engine that is capable of fixed or stepped changes in the ratio of the output shaft to the input shaft, also known as a gearbox. The speed variator consists of speed-changing driving mechanism and operating mechanism, and some automobiles also have power output mechanism. Most of the transmission mechanisms are driven by common gears, and other transmission mechanisms are driven by planetary gears. Common gear transmission speed change mechanisms generally use slipping gears, synchronizers and the like.
In the related art, the gears of the transmission are generally more, the corresponding gear number is increased, the number of synchronizers used is more, and the shift actuating mechanism is increased, so that the cost of the transmission is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a transmission, in which a shift fork lever is used to control synchronous movement of synchronizing sleeves on a first half synchronizer and a second half synchronizer, so that two synchronizers can be controlled by using one shift fork lever, and thus, the transmission is simple in structure and low in cost.
The invention further provides a vehicle.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a first output shaft and a shift fork device are provided, at least a first gear driven gear, a second gear driven gear, a first half synchronizer, a second half synchronizer and a fixed shaft are provided on the first output shaft, the fixed shaft is sleeved on the first output shaft, the first gear driven gear is sleeved on the fixed shaft, the first half synchronizer is fixed on the fixed shaft and is used for selectively combining the first gear driven gear, the second gear driven gear is sleeved on the first output shaft, the second half synchronizer is fixed on the first output shaft and is used for selectively combining the second gear driven gear, and the shift fork device includes: the shifting fork comprises a shifting fork rod, a first shifting fork foot and a second shifting fork foot, wherein the first shifting fork foot and the second shifting fork foot are arranged on the shifting fork rod at intervals in the length direction of the shifting fork rod, and the first shifting fork foot is matched with the first half synchronizer and the second shifting fork foot is matched with the second half synchronizer.
According to the transmission provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the first half synchronizer needs to be combined with the first gear driven gear or the second half synchronizer needs to be combined with the second gear driven gear, the synchronous gear sleeve on the first half synchronizer and the synchronous gear sleeve on the second half synchronizer are controlled to synchronously move by one shifting fork rod, so that the combination can be realized, and the gear shifting executing mechanism and the corresponding hydraulic driving device are reduced, so that the structure is simple, and the cost is reduced.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first gear driven gear and the second gear driven gear are two gear driven gears disposed axially adjacent, and the first half synchronizer and the second half synchronizer are two synchronizers disposed axially adjacent and are located between the first gear driven gear and the second gear driven gear.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first gear driven gear is provided with coupling teeth on a side facing the first half synchronizer and the second gear driven gear is provided with coupling teeth on a side facing the second half synchronizer, and the first half synchronizer and the second half synchronizer each comprise: the synchronous hub, the synchronous ring and the synchronous tooth sleeve, wherein the synchronous ring is only arranged on one side of the synchronous hub facing the corresponding gear driven gear so as to be combined with the corresponding combination tooth, and the synchronous tooth sleeve is sleeved on the synchronous hub.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fork device further comprises: the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the shifting fork rod, the first shifting fork pin is connected with the first connecting rod, and the second shifting fork pin is connected with the second connecting rod.
According to some embodiments of the invention, there is provided: the transmission device comprises a first input shaft, a second input shaft and a second output shaft, wherein the first input shaft is at least provided with a second-gear driving gear and a highest-gear driving gear, the second input shaft is at least provided with a second-gear driving gear and a highest-gear driven gear which are combined selectively, the first output shaft is at least provided with a second-gear driven gear and a highest-gear driven gear which are combined selectively, the second-gear driven gear is combined selectively with the highest-gear driving gear, the second output shaft is at least provided with a second-gear driven gear which is combined selectively with the second-gear driving gear, and when the second-gear driven gear is combined with the second output shaft, the second-gear driving gear, the second-gear driven gear, the highest-gear driving gear, the highest-gear driven gear, the highest-gear driving gear, the first-gear driving gear, the second-gear and the second-gear driving gear form a power transmission path corresponding to the second-gear.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the secondary high-gear driven gear is fixed on the fixed shaft, the highest-gear driven gear is the first-gear driven gear, and the highest-gear driven gear is located between the secondary high-gear driven gear and the first half synchronizer.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first output shaft is further fixed with a first synchronizer and is provided with a selectively combined third-gear driven gear, and the first synchronizer is arranged between the third-gear driven gear and the secondary high-gear driven gear to selectively combine the third-gear driven gear and the first output shaft and to selectively combine the secondary high-gear driven gear and the first output shaft.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the third gear driven gear is further coaxially provided with an idler gear, the second output shaft is further provided with a selectively combined reverse gear, the reverse gear is meshed with the idler gear, and the second output shaft is provided with a second synchronizer for combining the reverse gear.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, a fourth-gear driven gear and a fifth-gear driven gear which are selectively combined are arranged on the second output shaft, a secondary high-gear driving gear meshed with the secondary high-gear driven gear is arranged on the second input shaft, and the secondary high-gear driving gear is shared by the fourth-gear driven gear and the secondary high-gear driven gear; the first input shaft is provided with a highest-gear driving gear meshed with the highest-gear driven gear, and the fifth-gear driven gear and the highest-gear driven gear share the highest-gear driving gear.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the second output shaft is fixedly provided with a second synchronizer and a third synchronizer and is provided with a selectively combined reverse gear, the second synchronizer is arranged between the fourth gear driven gear and the reverse gear to selectively combine the fourth gear driven gear with the second output shaft and selectively combine the reverse gear with the second output shaft, and the third synchronizer is arranged between the second gear driven gear and the fifth gear driven gear to selectively combine the second gear driven gear with the second output shaft and selectively combine the fifth gear driven gear with the second output shaft.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first half synchronizer and the second half synchronizer have an axially overlapping region in a common projection region of the horizontal plane and a projection region of the second gear driven gear in the horizontal plane.
A vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention includes the transmission.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fork assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment one of a transmission of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a first gear drive path of an embodiment first of the transmission of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a second gear drive path of embodiment one of the transmission of the present embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a three speed drive path of embodiment one of the transmission of the present embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a fourth gear drive path of embodiment one of the transmission of the present embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a five speed drive path of embodiment one of the transmission of the present embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a six speed transmission path of embodiment one of the transmission of the present embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a seven speed transmission path of an embodiment one of the transmission of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an eight speed transmission path of an embodiment one of the transmission of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a reverse drive path of embodiment one of the transmission of the present embodiment;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a transmission of an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a first input shaft 12; a second input shaft 11; a first output shaft 13; a second output shaft 14; an engine 15; a clutch 16;
a second gear driving gear 2a; a second-gear driven gear 2b; a three-gear drive gear 3a; a three-gear driven gear 3b; a fourth gear driving gear 4a; a fourth-gear driven gear 4b; a fifth gear driving gear 5a; a fifth-gear driven gear 5b; a six-speed drive gear 6a; a six-speed driven gear 6b; seven-gear driven gear 7b; eight-speed driven gear 8b; a parking gear P;
a first output shaft output gear 9a; a second output shaft output gear 9c; a final drive driven gear 9b;
an idler gear r1; a reverse gear r2;
a first half synchronizer 20b; a second half synchronizer 20a; a first synchronizer 21; a second synchronizer 22; a third synchronizer 23;
a fork device 30; a fork lever 31; a first fork leg 32; a second fork leg 33;
a synchronizing hub 41; a synchronizing ring 42; a synchronizing sleeve 43; a first link 44; a second link 45; a coupling tooth 46;
a first-gear driven gear 51; a second-gear driven gear 52; the fixed shaft 53.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may also be used on a vehicle, is described below with reference to fig. 1-13.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the transmission includes: the first output shaft 13 and the shifting fork device 30, at least a first gear driven gear 51, a second gear driven gear 52, a first half synchronizer 20b, a second half synchronizer 20a and a fixed shaft 53 are arranged on the first output shaft 13, the fixed shaft 53 is sleeved on the first output shaft 13, the first gear driven gear 51 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 53, the first half synchronizer 20b is fixed on the fixed shaft 53, the first half synchronizer 20b is used for selectively combining the first gear driven gear 51, the second gear driven gear 52 is sleeved on the first output shaft 13, the second half synchronizer 20a is fixed on the first output shaft 13, and the second half synchronizer 20a is used for selectively combining the second gear driven gear 52. When the first-gear driven gear 51 is fitted over the fixed shaft 53, the first half synchronizer 20b is coupled to the first-gear driven gear 51, and the first-gear driven gear 51 can be rotated together with the fixed shaft 53.
The fork device 30 includes: the shifting fork rod 31, the first shifting fork foot 32 and the second shifting fork foot 33 are arranged on the shifting fork rod 31, the first shifting fork foot 32 and the second shifting fork foot 33 are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the shifting fork rod 31, the first shifting fork foot 32 is matched with the first half synchronizer 20b, and the second shifting fork foot 33 is matched with the second half synchronizer 20 a.
That is, the first fork leg 32 is engaged with the first half synchronizer 20b, the second fork leg 33 is engaged with the second half synchronizer 20a, and the first fork leg 32 and the second fork leg 33 are controlled by one fork lever 31. When the shift lever 31 moves toward the first-gear driven gear 51, the first half synchronizer 20b is driven to be combined with the first-gear driven gear 51, and the second half synchronizer 20a is far from the second-gear driven gear 52. When the shift lever 31 moves toward the second-gear driven gear 52, the second half synchronizer 20a is driven to be combined with the second-gear driven gear 52, and the first half synchronizer 20b is far from the first-gear driven gear 51.
Therefore, when the first half synchronizer 20b needs to be combined with the first gear driven gear 51 or the second half synchronizer 20a needs to be combined with the second gear driven gear 52, the synchronous gear sleeve 43 on the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a is controlled to synchronously move by one shifting fork rod 31, so that the combination can be realized, and the gear shifting executing mechanism and the corresponding hydraulic driving device are reduced, so that the structure is simple, and the cost is reduced.
The first gear driven gear 51 and the second gear driven gear 52 are two gear driven gears that are axially adjacent to each other, and the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a are two half synchronizers that are axially adjacent to each other and are located between the first gear driven gear 51 and the second gear driven gear 52. That is, the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a are provided between the first gear driven gear 51 and the second gear driven gear 52, and no other synchronizer or gear is provided between the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a, so that the first gear driven gear 51, the first half synchronizer 20b, the second half synchronizer 20a, and the second gear driven gear 52 are sequentially provided at intervals in the left-to-right or right-to-left direction, which can ensure that the first half synchronizer 20b is smoothly combined with the first gear driven gear 51, and that the second half synchronizer 20a is smoothly combined with the second gear driven gear 52.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first-gear driven gear 51 is provided with engaging teeth 46 on the side facing the first half synchronizer 20b, and the second-gear driven gear 52 is provided with engaging teeth 46 on the side facing the second half synchronizer 20a, and the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a each include: the synchronous hub 41, the synchronous ring 42 and the synchronous tooth sleeve 43, wherein the synchronous ring 42 is only arranged on one side of the synchronous hub 41 facing the corresponding gear driven gear so as to be combined with the corresponding combining teeth 46, and the synchronous tooth sleeve 43 is sleeved on the synchronous hub 41. That is, the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a are provided with the synchronizing ring 42 on only one side, so that the synchronizing ring 42 on the other side can be omitted, and the production costs of the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a can be reduced. When the synchronizer ring 42 is engaged with the corresponding engagement tooth 46, synchronous rotation of the first half synchronizer 20b with the first-gear driven gear 51 or synchronous rotation of the second half synchronizer 20a with the second-gear driven gear 52 can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, the fork device 30 further includes: the first link 44 and the second link 45 are disposed at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the fork lever 31, the first fork leg 32 is connected to the first link 44 and the second fork leg 33 is connected to the second link 45. The first connecting rod 44 and the second connecting rod 45 are arranged to space the shifting fork rod 31 from the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a, so that the gear driven gear on the first output shaft 13 cannot interfere with the shifting fork rod 31, and the transmission can be ensured to be used normally.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a transmission includes: the first input shaft 12, the second input shaft 11, and the first output shaft 13 and the second output shaft 14 described above, at least the second gear driving gear 2a and the highest gear driving gear are provided on the first input shaft 12, at least the second high gear driving gear is provided on the second input shaft 11, at least the selectively combined second high gear driven gear and highest gear driven gear are provided on the first output shaft 13, the second high gear driven gear is meshed with the second high gear driving gear, the highest gear driven gear is meshed with the highest gear driving gear, the second high gear driven gear and the highest gear driven gear are also selectively combined, at least the selectively combined second gear driven gear 2b is provided on the second output shaft 14, and the second gear driven gear 2b is meshed with the second gear driving gear 2 a. Note that, one of the secondary high-range driven gear and the highest-range driven gear may be the first-range driven gear 51, or the other-range driven gears on the first output shaft 13 may constitute the first-range driven gear 51 and the second-range driven gear 52, which is not limited in detail.
When the secondary high-gear driven gear and the highest-gear driven gear are combined and the secondary high-gear driven gear 2b and the second output shaft 14 are combined, the second input shaft 11, the secondary high-gear driving gear, the secondary high-gear driven gear, the highest-gear driving gear, the first input shaft 12, the secondary high-gear driving gear 2a, the secondary high-gear driven gear 2b and the second output shaft 14 constitute a power transmission path corresponding to the first gear. In this way, the transmission path of the first gear is realized by combining the secondary high gear driving gear, the secondary high gear driven gear, the highest gear driving gear, the first input shaft 12, the second gear driving gear 2a, the second gear driven gear 2b and the second output shaft 14, so that the gears are reused, the first gear large gear can be omitted, and the cost of the transmission can be reduced.
Thus, by providing the second input shaft 11, the secondary high-gear driving gear, the secondary high-gear driven gear, the highest-gear driving gear, the first input shaft 12, the second-gear driving gear 2a, the second-gear driven gear 2b, and the second output shaft 14 in place of the power transmission path corresponding to the first gear, the transmission is made unnecessary to provide the first-gear driven gear and the first-gear driving gear, and the production cost of the transmission can be reduced. In the related art, in order to realize 8 gears and one reverse gear, at least 4 synchronizers and one half synchronizer are needed, so that at least 5 sets of gear shifting executing mechanisms and corresponding hydraulic driving devices are needed.
A first embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 4 to 12.
For the purpose of describing in detail embodiments of the present invention, a transmission having eight forward gears is exemplified, i.e., the highest gear is eight.
Specifically, the first-gear driven gear is the highest-gear driven gear, and is also the eight-gear driven gear 8b. The second gear driven gear is a four-gear driven gear 4b, the third gear driven gear is a three-gear driven gear 3b, the fourth gear driven gear is a five-gear driven gear 5b, and the fifth gear driven gear is a six-gear driven gear 6b.
Thus, a fixed shaft 53 is connected between the seven-gear driven gear 7b and the first half synchronizer 20b, the fixed shaft 53 is sleeved on the first output shaft 13, the eight-gear driven gear 8b is sleeved on the fixed shaft 53, and the eight-gear driven gear 8b is located between the seven-gear driven gear 7b and the first half synchronizer 20b, and the first half synchronizer 20b is used for combining the seven-gear driven gear 7b and the eight-gear driven gear 8b. That is, the eight-gear driven gear 8b is arranged on the right side of the first half synchronizer 20b, the four-gear driven gear 4b is arranged on the left side of the second half synchronizer 20a, and no gear driven gear or synchronizer is arranged between the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a, so that the normal use of the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a is prevented from being influenced.
As shown in fig. 4, the second half synchronizer 20a is fixed on the first output shaft 13, the first output shaft 13 is further provided with a fourth-gear driven gear 4b, and the second half synchronizer 20a is used for combining the fourth-gear driven gear 4b and the first output shaft 13. Thus, the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a are provided between the fourth-speed driven gear 4b and the eighth-speed driven gear 8b. The four-gear driven gear 4b thus arranged may be combined with the second half synchronizer 20a alone, and the eight-gear driven gear 8b may be combined with the eight-gear driven gear 8b alone, so that the fork device 30 may be conveniently operated to shift gears.
Further, the first output shaft 13 is also fixed with a first synchronizer 21, and the first output shaft 13 is provided with a selectively coupled three-speed driven gear 3b, and the first synchronizer 21 is provided between the three-speed driven gear 3b and the seven-speed driven gear 7b to selectively couple the three-speed driven gear 3b and the first output shaft 13, and to selectively couple the seven-speed driven gear 7b and the first output shaft 13. By providing the first synchronizer 21 coaxially fixed with the first output shaft 13, the seven-gear driven gear 7b is arranged on the left side of the first synchronizer 21, and the three-gear driven gear 3b is arranged on the right side of the first synchronizer 21. Wherein when the first synchronizer 21 is combined with the seven-speed driven gear 7b, the common rotation between the seven-speed driven gear 7b and the first output shaft 13 can be achieved. When the first synchronizer 21 is combined with the three-speed driven gear 3b, the common rotation between the three-speed driven gear 3b and the first output shaft 13 can be achieved. That is, the first synchronizer 21 is a common synchronizer, which is shared by the seven-speed driven gear 7b and the three-speed driven gear 3b, so that the number of synchronizers can be reduced, the cost of the transmission can be reduced, and the axial dimension of the transmission can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, the third-gear driven gear 3b is further coaxially provided with an idler gear r1, the third-gear driven gear 3b and the idler gear r1 may be duplex gears, the second output shaft 14 is further provided with a selectively combined reverse gear r2, the reverse gear r2 is meshed with the idler gear r1, and the second output shaft 14 is provided with a second synchronizer 22 for combining the reverse gear r2. Wherein the three-gear driven gear 3b is coaxially fixed with the idler gear r 1. In this way, when the first synchronizer 21 is combined with the three-speed driven gear 3b, the power of the first output shaft 13 can be transmitted to the idler gear r1, and the idler gear r1 combined with the reverse gear r2 can transmit the power to the reverse gear r2. The reverse gear r2 thus provided can omit the reverse shaft of the transmission, can reduce the size of the transmission, and can also reduce the cost of the transmission.
As shown in fig. 4, the second output shaft 14 is provided with a five-gear driven gear 5b and a six-gear driven gear 6b which are selectively combined, the five-gear driven gear 5b is meshed with a seven-gear driving gear, and the six-gear driven gear 6b is meshed with an eight-gear driving gear. That is, the five-speed driven gear 5b and the seven-speed driven gear 7b share a seven-speed driving gear, or share the five-speed driving gear 5a. The six-speed driven gear 6b and the eight-speed driven gear 8b share an eight-speed driving gear or share a six-speed driving gear 6a. Through two gears sharing a driving gear, can reduce the quantity of driving gear, can further reduce the axial size of first input shaft 12 and second input shaft 11, can make things convenient for first input shaft 12 and second input shaft 11 cover to establish the setting, can make the derailleur structure compacter reliable.
The second output shaft 14 is fixedly provided with a second synchronizer 22 and a third synchronizer 23, and the second synchronizer 22 is disposed between the fifth-gear driven gear 5b and the reverse gear r2 to selectively couple the fifth-gear driven gear 5b and the second output shaft 14, and to selectively couple the reverse gear r2 and the second output shaft 14. When the left side of the second synchronizer 22 is combined with the fifth-gear driven gear 5b, the fifth-gear driven gear 5b rotates together with the second output shaft 14. When the right side of the second synchronizer 22 is combined with the reverse gear r2, the reverse gear r2 rotates together with the second output shaft 14.
Further, a third synchronizer 23 is provided between the second-speed driven gear 2b and the sixth-speed driven gear 6b to selectively couple the second-speed driven gear 2b and the second output shaft 14, and to selectively couple the sixth-speed driven gear 6b and the second output shaft 14. That is, when the left side of the third synchronizer 23 is engaged with the second-speed driven gear 2b, the second-speed driven gear 2b rotates together with the second output shaft 14. When the right side of the third synchronizer 23 is engaged with the sixth-gear driven gear 6b, the sixth-gear driven gear 6b rotates together with the second output shaft 14. The second synchronizer 22 and the third synchronizer 23 are synchronizers shared by two gears, so that the axial dimension of the second output shaft 14 can be reduced, the axial dimension of the transmission can be reduced, and the cost of the transmission can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 4 to 12, a parking gear P is further provided on the second output shaft 14, and the parking gear P can ensure that the vehicle does not slip when the vehicle stops traveling. Specifically, the parking gear P is provided on the left side of the second-gear driven gear 2b.
The power transmission route of the first embodiment of the invention will be described in further detail.
The first input shaft 12 is responsible for the input of second, fourth, sixth and eighth gears and the second input shaft 11 is responsible for the input of third, fifth, seventh and reverse gears. That is, in the left-to-right direction, the four-speed drive gear 4a, the two-speed drive gear 2a, the six-speed drive gear 6a, the five-speed drive gear 5a, and the three-speed drive gear 3a are provided in this order, respectively.
And, the first input shaft 12 is provided with a second gear driving gear 2a, a fourth gear driving gear 4a and a sixth gear driving gear 6a, and the second input shaft 11 is provided with a third gear driving gear 3a and a fifth gear driving gear 5a. The first output shaft 13 is provided with a four-gear driven gear 4b, an eight-gear driven gear 8b, a seven-gear driven gear 7b and a three-gear driven gear 3b, and the second output shaft 14 is provided with a two-gear driven gear 2b, a five-gear driven gear 5b and a six-gear driven gear 6b. In addition, an idler gear r1 is provided on the first output shaft 13, the idler gear r1 is coaxially fixed with the three-gear driven gear 3b, and a reverse gear r2 which can be selectively combined is provided on the second output shaft 14. Wherein, seven gears and five gears share a five-gear driving gear 5a, and six gears and eight gears share a six-gear driving gear 6a.
The first half synchronizer 20b is sleeved on the first output shaft 13, and the first half synchronizer 20b is provided with a seven-gear driven gear 7b which coaxially rotates. Wherein, when the first half synchronizer 20b is combined with the eight-gear driven gear 8b, the eight-gear driven gear 8b and the seven-gear driven gear 7b can rotate together.
The second half synchronizer 20a is fixed on the first output shaft 13, and the left side of the second half synchronizer 20a is the four-gear driven gear 4b. When the left side of the second half synchronizer 20a is combined with the fourth-gear driven gear 4b, the fourth-gear driven gear 4b rotates together with the first output shaft 13.
The first synchronizer 21 is fixed to the first output shaft 13, and the third-gear driven gear 3b is provided on the right side of the first synchronizer 21, and the seventh-gear driven gear 7b is provided on the left side. When the right side of the first synchronizer 21 is combined with the third-gear driven gear 3b, the third-gear driven gear 3b rotates together with the first output shaft 13. When the left side of the first synchronizer 21 is combined with the seven-speed driven gear 7b, the seven-speed driven gear 7b rotates together with the first output shaft 13.
The second synchronizer 22 is fixed on the second output shaft 14, the right side of the second synchronizer 22 is a reverse gear r2, and the left side is a five-gear driven gear 5b. Wherein, when the right side of the second synchronizer 22 is combined with the reverse gear r2, the reverse gear r2 and the second output shaft 14 can be rotated synchronously. When the left side of the second synchronizer 22 is engaged with the fifth-gear driven gear 5b, the fifth-gear driven gear 5b and the second output shaft 14 can be rotated synchronously.
The third synchronizer 23 is fixed on the second output shaft 14, the third synchronizer 23 has a six-gear driven gear 6b on the right side and a two-gear driven gear 2b on the left side. Wherein, when the right side of the third synchronizer 23 is combined with the six-speed driven gear 6b, the six-speed driven gear 6b and the second output shaft 14 can be rotated synchronously. When the left side of the third synchronizer 23 is engaged with the second-speed driven gear 2b, the second-speed driven gear 2b and the second output shaft 14 can be rotated synchronously.
As shown in fig. 4, the first gear power transmission route: the engine 15 is driven by the clutch 16 to the second input shaft 11, the five-gear driving gear 5a rotates together with the second input shaft 11, and the five-gear driving gear 5a is meshed with the seven-gear driven gear 7b, because the seven-gear driven gear 7b is coaxially fixed with the first half synchronizer 20b, and when the first half synchronizer 20b is combined with the eight-gear driven gear 8b, the seven-gear driven gear 7b rotates together with the eight-gear driven gear 8b. The eight-speed driven gear 8b is meshed with the six-speed driving gear 6a, and since the six-speed driving gear 6a and the two-speed driving gear 2a are fixed together on the first input shaft 12, the six-speed driving gear 6a rotates together with the two-speed driving gear 2a, and the two-speed driving gear 2a and the two-speed driven gear 2b are meshed. And the third synchronizer 23 is combined with the second-gear driven gear 2b, so that the second-gear driven gear 2b and the second output shaft 14 can rotate together and drive the second output shaft output gear 9c to rotate together, and the second output shaft output gear 9c and the main reducer driven gear 9b are meshed for transmission, so that power can be transmitted to the half shafts.
As shown in fig. 5, the secondary power transmission route: the engine 15 is driven by the clutch 16 to the first input shaft 12, the second gear driving gear 2a and the second input shaft 11 rotate together, the second gear driving gear 2a and the second gear driven gear 2b are meshed to drive, and the third synchronizer 23 is combined with the second gear driven gear 2b, so that the second gear driven gear 2b and the second output shaft 14 can rotate together. The second output shaft output gear 9c on the second output shaft 14 is in mesh transmission with the final drive driven gear 9b, so that power can be transmitted to the half shafts.
As shown in fig. 6, the three-gear power transmission route: the engine 15 is driven by the second input shaft 11 through the clutch 16, the three-gear driving gear 3a and the second input shaft 11 rotate together, the three-gear driving gear 3a and the three-gear driven gear 3b are meshed and driven, and the first synchronizer 21 is combined with the three-gear driven gear 3b, so that the three-gear driven gear 3b and the first output shaft 13 can rotate together. The first output shaft output gear 9a on the first output shaft 13 is in mesh transmission with the final drive driven gear 9b, so that power can be transmitted to the half shafts.
As shown in fig. 7, the four-speed power transmission route: the engine 15 is driven by the clutch 16 and the first input shaft 12, the four-gear driving gear 4a and the first input shaft 12 rotate together, the four-gear driving gear 4a and the four-gear driven gear 4b are meshed and driven, and the first half synchronizer 20b is combined with the four-gear driven gear 4b, so that the four-gear driven gear 4b and the first output shaft 13 can rotate together. The first output shaft output gear 9a on the first output shaft 13 is in mesh transmission with the final drive driven gear 9b, so that power can be transmitted to the half shafts.
As shown in fig. 8, the five-gear power transmission route: the engine 15 is driven by the clutch 16 and the second input shaft 11, the five-gear driving gear 5a and the second input shaft 11 rotate together, the five-gear driving gear 5a and the five-gear driven gear 5b are meshed and driven, and the second synchronizer 22 is combined with the five-gear driven gear 5b, so that the five-gear driven gear 5b and the second output shaft 14 can rotate together. The second output shaft output gear 9c on the second output shaft 14 is in mesh transmission with the final drive driven gear 9b, so that power can be transmitted to the half shafts.
As shown in fig. 9, the six-speed power transmission route: the engine 15 is driven by the clutch 16 to the first input shaft 12, the six-gear driving gear 6a and the first input shaft 12 rotate together, the six-gear driving gear 6a and the six-gear driven gear 6b are meshed to drive, and the third synchronizer 23 is combined with the six-gear driven gear 6b, so that the six-gear driven gear 6b and the second output shaft 14 can rotate together. The second output shaft output gear 9c on the second output shaft 14 is in mesh transmission with the final drive driven gear 9b, so that power can be transmitted to the half shafts.
As shown in fig. 10, seven-gear power transmission route: the engine 15 is driven by the clutch 16 and the second input shaft 11, the five-gear driving gear 5a and the first input shaft 12 rotate together, the five-gear driving gear 5a and the seven-gear driven gear 7b are meshed and driven, and the first synchronizer 21 is combined with the seven-gear driven gear 7b, so that the seven-gear driven gear 7b and the first output shaft 13 can rotate together. The first output shaft output gear 9a on the first output shaft 13 is in mesh transmission with the final drive driven gear 9b, so that power can be transmitted to the half shafts.
As shown in fig. 11, the eight-speed power transmission route: the engine 15 is driven by the clutch 16 to the first input shaft 12, the six-gear driving gear 6a rotates together with the first input shaft 12, the six-gear driving gear 6a is meshed with the eight-gear driven gear 8b to drive, the first half synchronizer 20b is combined with the eight-gear driven gear 8b, and the first synchronizer 21 is combined with the seven-gear driven gear 7b, so that the eight-gear driven gear 8b rotates together with the first output shaft 13. The first output shaft output gear 9a on the first output shaft 13 is in mesh transmission with the final drive driven gear 9b, so that power can be transmitted to the half shafts.
As shown in fig. 12, the reverse power transmission route: the engine 15 is driven by the second input shaft 11 through the clutch 16, the three-gear driving gear 3a and the second input shaft 11 rotate together, the three-gear driving gear 3a and the three-gear driven gear 3b are meshed for transmission, the three-gear driven gear 3b and the inert gear r1 are coaxially fixed, so that the three-gear driven gear 3b and the inert gear r1 rotate together, the inert gear r1 and the reverse gear r2 are meshed, and the reverse gear r2 transmits power to the second output shaft 14. The second output shaft output gear 9c on the second output shaft 14 is in mesh transmission with the final drive driven gear 9b, so that power can be transmitted to the half shafts.
According to the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 13, the first input shaft 12 is responsible for three, five, seven and reverse gear inputs, and the second input shaft 11 is responsible for two, four, six and eight gear inputs. That is, in the left-to-right direction, the three-speed drive gear 3a, the five-speed drive gear 5a, the six-speed drive gear 6a, the two-speed drive gear 2a, and the four-speed drive gear 4a are provided in this order, respectively.
And, a second gear driving gear 2a, a fourth gear driving gear 4a and a sixth gear driving gear 6a are arranged on the second input shaft 11, and a third gear driving gear 3a and a fifth gear driving gear 5a are arranged on the first input shaft 12. The second output shaft 14 is provided with a second-gear driven gear 2b, a fifth-gear driven gear 5b and a sixth-gear driven gear 6b, and the first output shaft 13 is provided with a third-gear driven gear 3b, a seventh-gear driven gear 7b, an eighth-gear driven gear 8b and a fourth-gear driven gear 4b. In addition, an idler gear r1 is provided on the first output shaft 13, the idler gear r1 is coaxially fixed with the three-gear driven gear 3b, and a reverse gear r2 which can be selectively combined is provided on the second output shaft 14.
As shown in fig. 13, a parking gear P is further provided on the second output shaft 14, and the parking gear P can ensure that the vehicle does not slip when the vehicle stops traveling. Specifically, the parking gear P is provided on the right side of the second-gear driven gear 2b.
Thus, through the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the transmission of the present invention can realize gear shifting between eight forward gears and one reverse gear, and the axial dimension of the transmission is two synchronizer widths plus five gear widths, so that the structure is compact. The transmission eliminates the reverse gear shaft, and only uses 3 whole synchronizers and 2 half synchronizers, so that the production cost of the transmission is saved. In addition, the transmission omits a first gear, realizes first gear through the combination of seven gears, eight gears and two gears, recycles the gears and saves the cost of a first gear large gear. Furthermore, the reverse gear of the transmission is realized by combining a plurality of gear gears, the gears are repeatedly utilized, and the cost can be saved.
It should be noted that the transmission of the present invention is not limited to eight forward gears, but may have other numbers of forward gears, such as six forward gears, and ten forward gears.
As shown in fig. 3, the common projection area of the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a on the horizontal plane and the projection area of the second-gear driven gear 2b on the horizontal plane have axially overlapping areas. By the arrangement, the projection coincidence of the second-gear driven gear 2b with larger tooth width, the first half synchronizer 20b and the second half synchronizer 20a in the axial direction is better realized, so that the transmission structure is compact, and the transmission is convenient to install and produce.
A vehicle according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the invention includes the transmission of the above embodiment.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (11)

1. A transmission, comprising:
the first output shaft is provided with at least a first gear driven gear, a second gear driven gear, a first half synchronizer, a second half synchronizer and a fixed shaft, the fixed shaft is sleeved on the first output shaft, the first gear driven gear is sleeved on the fixed shaft, the first half synchronizer is fixed on the fixed shaft and used for being selectively combined with the first gear driven gear, the second gear driven gear is sleeved on the first output shaft, and the second half synchronizer is fixed on the first output shaft and used for being selectively combined with the second gear driven gear;
a fork assembly, the fork assembly comprising: the first shifting fork leg and the second shifting fork leg are arranged on the shifting fork rod at intervals in the length direction of the shifting fork rod, and are matched with the first half synchronizer and the second shifting fork leg is matched with the second half synchronizer; wherein,
the fork device further includes: the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the shifting fork rod, the first shifting fork pin is connected with the first connecting rod, and the second shifting fork pin is connected with the second connecting rod.
2. The transmission of claim 1, wherein the first and second gear driven gears are two gear driven gears disposed axially adjacent, and the first and second half synchronizers are two half synchronizers disposed axially adjacent and located between the first and second gear driven gears.
3. The transmission according to claim 1, wherein a side of the first-gear driven gear facing the first half synchronizer and a side of the second-gear driven gear facing the second half synchronizer are each provided with a coupling tooth;
the first half synchronizer and the second half synchronizer each include: the synchronous hub, the synchronous ring and the synchronous tooth sleeve, wherein the synchronous ring is only arranged on one side of the synchronous hub facing the corresponding gear driven gear so as to be combined with the corresponding combination tooth, and the synchronous tooth sleeve is sleeved on the synchronous hub.
4. A transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
the first input shaft is at least provided with a second-gear driving gear and a highest-gear driving gear;
the second input shaft is at least provided with a secondary high gear driving gear;
the second output shaft is at least provided with a second-gear driven gear which is selectively combined, and the second-gear driven gear is meshed with the second-gear driving gear;
the first output shaft is at least provided with a secondary high-gear driven gear and a highest-gear driven gear which are selectively combined, the secondary high-gear driven gear is meshed with the secondary high-gear driving gear, the highest-gear driven gear is meshed with the highest-gear driving gear, and the secondary high-gear driven gear and the highest-gear driven gear are also selectively combined;
when the secondary high-gear driven gear is combined with the highest-gear driven gear and the secondary high-gear driven gear is combined with the second output shaft, the second input shaft, the secondary high-gear driving gear, the secondary high-gear driven gear, the highest-gear driving gear, the first input shaft, the secondary high-gear driving gear, the secondary high-gear driven gear and the second output shaft form a power transmission path corresponding to a first gear.
5. The transmission of claim 4, wherein the secondary high-range driven gear is fixed to the fixed shaft, the highest-range driven gear is the first-range driven gear, and the highest-range driven gear is located between the secondary high-range driven gear and the first half synchronizer.
6. The transmission of claim 5, wherein the first output shaft is further fixed with a first synchronizer and is provided with a selectively coupled third-gear driven gear, the first synchronizer being disposed between the third-gear driven gear and the secondary high-gear driven gear to selectively couple the third-gear driven gear and the first output shaft, and to selectively couple the secondary high-gear driven gear and the first output shaft.
7. The transmission according to claim 6, wherein the third-gear driven gear is further coaxially provided with an idler gear, the second output shaft is further provided with a selectively coupled reverse gear, the reverse gear is meshed with the idler gear, and a second synchronizer for coupling the reverse gear is provided on the second output shaft.
8. The transmission according to claim 5, wherein a fourth-gear driven gear and a fifth-gear driven gear which are selectively combined are provided on the second output shaft, a secondary high-gear driving gear which meshes with the secondary high-gear driven gear is provided on the second input shaft, and the secondary high-gear driving gear is shared by the fourth-gear driven gear and the secondary high-gear driven gear;
the first input shaft is provided with a highest-gear driving gear meshed with the highest-gear driven gear, and the fifth-gear driven gear and the highest-gear driven gear share the highest-gear driving gear.
9. The transmission according to claim 8, wherein the second output shaft is fixedly provided with a second synchronizer and a third synchronizer and is provided with a selectively combined reverse gear, the second synchronizer is provided between the fourth-gear driven gear and the reverse gear to selectively combine the fourth-gear driven gear and the second output shaft, and selectively combine the reverse gear and the second output shaft, and the third synchronizer is provided between the second-gear driven gear and the fifth-gear driven gear to selectively combine the second-gear driven gear and the second output shaft, and selectively combine the fifth-gear driven gear and the second output shaft.
10. The transmission of claim 4, wherein the common projected area of the first half synchronizer and the second half synchronizer in the horizontal plane and the projected area of the second gear driven gear in the horizontal plane have axially coincident areas.
11. A vehicle comprising a transmission as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.
CN202010632320.4A 2020-07-03 2020-07-03 Transmission and vehicle Active CN113883238B (en)

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CN101876363A (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-11-03 格特拉克·福特传动系统有限公司 Dual-clutch transmission
CN105333138A (en) * 2014-07-24 2016-02-17 约翰迪尔（天津）有限公司 Shifting fork mechanism, transmission with shifting fork mechanism and tractor
CN208268321U (en) * 2018-06-08 2018-12-21 长城汽车股份有限公司 Nine speed transmission
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