CN113882940A - Container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands - Google Patents

Container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113882940A
CN113882940A CN202111437941.8A CN202111437941A CN113882940A CN 113882940 A CN113882940 A CN 113882940A CN 202111437941 A CN202111437941 A CN 202111437941A CN 113882940 A CN113882940 A CN 113882940A
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China
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air
flue gas
heat exchanger
turbine
pressurized combustion
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CN202111437941.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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宋涛
陈梓滢
颜爱晶
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Nanjing Normal University
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Nanjing Normal University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands, which relates to the field of biomass combustion power generation, and the route is as follows: the biomass pressurized combustion generates high-temperature flue gas, heat in the high-temperature flue gas is transferred to air through heat exchange, the air drives the turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity, and the generated electric energy is stored in real time. The equipment in the system is all arranged in the same container, a gas compressor, a turbine and a generator are coaxially arranged, and the pressure in a pressurized combustion furnace is cooperatively regulated through the gas compressor and the turbine; biomass is combusted in a pressurized combustion furnace, generated high-temperature flue gas and air carry out indirect heat exchange in a flue gas/air heat exchanger, and the heated air drives a turbine and drives a generator to generate electricity, so that the electricity generated is merged into an island power grid; and the pressurized air discharged by the turbine exchanges heat with the ash and then enters the pressurized combustion furnace to be used as an oxidation medium for biomass combustion. The system has small occupied area and can be arranged in carrying equipment.

Description

Container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass combustion power generation, in particular to a container type new system which can be applied to the pressurization combustion power generation and heat production of biomass in island regions.
Background
The island is unique in geographic property, is surrounded by the sea on four sides, is generally far away from the continent, except for the island which is close to the continent and can be connected with a continent power grid in a grid mode through a submarine cable, most islands mostly run in an isolated grid mode due to the problems of economy and difficulty in technical implementation, residents on the island mainly use diesel oil for power generation, and the energy structure is single. The price of diesel oil is high, long-distance transportation is needed, the cost of power generation on the island is high, the explosive and flammable chemical properties of the diesel oil enable large-scale storage and transportation to have great potential safety hazards, and once a steamship for transporting the diesel oil cannot normally operate due to severe weather, the island or the island faces power failure risks, so that the normal life of residents on the island is affected.
The island and the surrounding sea area contain abundant biomass resources, and the biomass power station can be invested and built. From the geographical environment, the area of the island is limited, the ecological environment on the island is weak, and if the biomass power station is large in scale and consumes too much biomass, the ecological environment of the island is easily damaged. In economic consideration, the isolated net island is far away from the continent, the transportation of materials required for building a large-scale biomass power station is far, and the investment cost is high. How to reduce the transportation cost, and how to carry out the electricity generation of the island biomass according to local conditions, improve the electricity generation efficiency and reduce the equipment volume is the problem that needs to be solved in the current electricity generation of the island biomass.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands, which comprises a fuel bin, a pressurized combustion furnace, a cyclone separator, a flue gas/air heat exchanger, a gas compressor, a turbine, a generator, an inverter, a flue gas purifier and an external heat exchanger. The equipment is arranged in the same container, the gas compressor, the turbine and the generator are coaxially arranged, and the pressure in the pressurized combustion furnace is cooperatively regulated through the gas compressor and the turbine; the chopped biomass is combusted in a pressurized combustion furnace, the generated high-temperature flue gas and air pressurized by a compressor are subjected to indirect heat exchange in a flue gas/air heat exchanger, the low-temperature flue gas subjected to heat exchange is subjected to denitration by a flue gas purifier and then is directly discharged into the atmosphere, and the heated high-temperature air drives a turbine and drives a generator to generate electricity; the generated electric energy is merged into the island power grid; the pressurized air from the turbine enters the pressurized combustion furnace as an oxidizing medium for the combustion of the biomass. The system is arranged in a container type, occupies small area, can be arranged on carrying equipment, realizes the characteristic that the system is arranged on the island to treat the biomass for power generation, and the electric energy generated by the generator is merged into the island power grid through an inverter.
As a further scheme of the invention: the biomass refers to agricultural and forestry wastes and organic solid wastes and the like except edible grains and fruits with higher use value in the agricultural and forestry production process, such as wheat straws, aged grains, bean straws, sorghum straws, cotton straws, corn straws, vinasse and the like.
As a further scheme of the invention: the container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands has the specific structure that the top of a fuel bin is sealed when no material is added, and a fuel outlet is positioned at the bottom of the fuel bin and is connected with a fuel inlet on the side wall of a pressurized combustion furnace; the secondary air inlet is arranged above the fuel inlet to enable the fuel to be more fully combusted, and the primary air inlet is arranged slightly below the fuel inlet to facilitate the delivery of the fuel and the regulation of the pressure in the furnace; the bottom side of the pressurized combustion furnace is provided with a slag discharge port for discharging slag, coke and the like with larger particles generated after combustion; an outlet of a hearth on the upper side of the pressurized combustion furnace is communicated with an air inlet pipe on the upper side of the cyclone separator, the bottom end of a vertical pipe of the cyclone separator is connected with an external heat exchanger, ash subjected to heat exchange leaves a system through an ash discharge port at the bottom of the external heat exchanger, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the cyclone separator; high-temperature flue gas leaving the cyclone separator enters from a flue gas inlet at one end of the flue gas/air heat exchanger, and low-temperature flue gas indirectly exchanging heat with air in the flue gas/air heat exchanger is discharged from a flue gas outlet at the other end; the flue gas outlet of the flue gas/air heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the flue gas purifier, the flue gas is denitrated and further cooled in the flue gas purifier, and the flue gas which reaches the flue gas emission standard is discharged out of the system from the outlet of the flue gas purifier; air enters the air compressor from an air inlet of the air compressor, the air pressurized by the air compressor is discharged from an air outlet of the air compressor and enters an air inlet at the bottom side of the flue gas/air heat exchanger, the pressurized air and high-temperature flue gas flow in a reverse direction to enhance the heat exchange effect in the flue gas/air heat exchanger, the high-temperature air after heat exchange enters an air outlet of the flue gas/air heat exchanger and enters a turbine through an air inlet of the turbine, turbine blades are pushed to rotate in the turbine to do work, the air after doing work enters the air outlet of the turbine and is communicated to an external heat exchanger through a pipeline, high-temperature ash and slag separated by the cyclone separator enters the external heat exchanger through a vertical pipe to further heat the air from the turbine and send the air to a first air inlet and a second air inlet of the pressurized combustion furnace, and the turbine and the air compressor share the same main shaft; and a generator arrangement is configured and connected together, wherein the generator is connected with an inverter, and the generated direct current is converted into alternating current and finally merged into a power grid.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the operation process of the container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands, the particle size of biomass is controlled to be below 30-50mm, the pressure in a pressurized combustion furnace is cooperatively regulated by a gas compressor and a turbine, and the positive pressure combustion of 0.2-0.4 MPa is maintained in the furnace, so that the volume of the pressurized combustion furnace is smaller, the combustion efficiency is high, the positive pressure is favorable for more sufficient fuel combustion, and the temperature in the furnace is about 1100-1300 ℃; the air compressor pressurizes air from 20-25 ℃ and 0.1MPa to 180-200 ℃ and 0.3-0.5 MPa, the air enters the flue gas/air heat exchanger to indirectly exchange heat with high-temperature flue gas at 800-900 ℃ and 0.11-0.12 MPa, the air at the outlet of the flue gas/air heat exchanger enters the turbine at 400-600 ℃ and 0.2-0.5 MPa, the pressure in the turbine is maintained at 0.2-0.5 MPa, and the rotating speed of a turbine rotor is enabled to operate under the condition of 5000-10000 revolutions, so that the generator is driven to generate electricity; air is led to the external heat exchanger from the outlet of the turbine, heat exchange is carried out between the air and ash residues with the temperature of 750-900 ℃ in the external heat exchanger, and when the air leaves the external heat exchanger and enters the first pressurized combustion furnace and the secondary air inlet, the temperature is 350-400 ℃; the whole occupied area of the system is 80-120 m 2.
As a further scheme of the invention: the container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands purifies flue gas generated after biomass pressurized combustion through a cyclone separator and a flue gas purifier; the cyclone separator separates solid particles in the flue gas into the flue gas by using centrifugal force, the separated high-temperature solid particles are discharged into the external heat exchanger through the vertical pipe, and air discharged by the turbine is heated in the external heat exchanger, so that the heat loss of the system is reduced, the primary air temperature and the secondary air temperature are further increased, the fuel is more completely combusted, and the temperature fluctuation of a hearth in the pressurized combustion furnace is reduced; urea or ammonia water is adopted as a reducing agent in the flue gas purifier and sprayed into the flue gas reaction area to achieve the aims of denitration and temperature reduction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention adopts the biomass pressurized combustion power generation technology, changes the single power generation structure that the island of the isolated network only utilizes the diesel generator to generate power, and the biomass power generation is used as the power supply supplement of the island power grid, thereby enhancing the reliability of the island power supply on one hand, ensuring the basic domestic power consumption of the residents in the island, reducing the carbon emission caused by the power generation of part of fuel diesel oil on the other hand, and reducing the possible environmental pollution caused by the fuel diesel oil.
(2) All the devices are uniformly distributed in the container, the occupied area is small, the transportation by the carrier is convenient, and compared with other large-scale power generation systems, certain transportation cost is saved, namely the system can be conveniently transported to an island of an isolated network far away from the continent by a ship, and the characteristic that the biomass can be treated to generate electricity and generate heat when the system is transported to the island is realized; the system is provided with the flue gas/air heat exchanger and the external heat exchanger, so that high-temperature flue gas, ash and air generated by biomass pressurized combustion can exchange heat, the full utilization of heat is realized, the integral heat efficiency of the system is improved, the temperature of primary air and secondary air of the pressurized combustion furnace is improved, and the temperature fluctuation in the pressurized combustion furnace is reduced.
(3) The invention can directly burn slightly broken biomass, avoids complex processing and forming processes, saves labor cost and investment, and meets the requirement of a system on the island for treating the biomass for power generation in a movable way; the system has wide range of combustible biomass, meets the characteristics of large biomass distribution range, various biomass types and centralized planting area on the current Chinese islands, and realizes the local consumption of the biomass.
(4) The turbine, the compressor and the generator are coaxially arranged, and the power generation device has the advantages of high power generation efficiency, small occupied area and capability of saving auxiliary equipment and metal consumables.
(5) The invention adopts the primary air and the secondary air to cooperatively regulate the pressurized combustion furnace, so that the pressurized combustion furnace carries out positive pressure combustion, the oxidizing medium in the furnace is sufficient, and the combustion efficiency is high; and because the gas pressure in the pressurized combustion furnace is higher, the flue gas in the system can flow along the system pipeline by oneself, do not need to set up the induced draft fan, save the investment; the air exchanges heat with the flue gas in the flue gas/air heat exchanger before entering the pressurized combustion furnace, and exchanges heat with ash slag discharged from the cyclone separator in the external heat exchanger again, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, the heat loss of the system discharged smoke is reduced, the overall efficiency of the system is improved, the air temperature is improved, namely the temperature of primary air and secondary air of the pressurized combustion furnace is improved, the fluctuation of the temperature in the furnace is reduced, and the biomass fuel in the furnace is combusted more fully.
(6) The fuel of the invention is biomass, a large amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by photosynthesis in the growth process is similar to the total amount of carbon dioxide released in the combustion process, namely the net carbon emission of the biomass fuel for combustion is nearly zero, the biomass yield is less influenced by temperature illumination, and the system generates electricity stably.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
list of reference numerals:
1-bunker, 2-compression combustion furnace, 4-cyclone separator, 7-smoke/air heat exchanger, 8-turbine, 9-compressor, 10-generator, 14-inverter, 15-smoke purifier, 16-external heat exchanger, 11-fuel outlet, 201-fuel inlet, 205-secondary air inlet, 203-slag outlet, 204-compression combustion furnace hearth outlet, 202-primary air inlet, 401-air inlet pipe, 402-vertical pipe, 403-exhaust pipe, 701-smoke/air heat exchanger smoke inlet, 704-smoke/air heat exchanger air inlet, 702-smoke/air heat exchanger smoke outlet, 703-smoke/air heat exchanger air outlet, 9-compressor, 10-generator, 14-inverter, 15-smoke purifier, 16-external heat exchanger, 11-fuel outlet, 201-fuel inlet, 205-secondary air inlet, 203-slag outlet, 204-compression combustion furnace hearth outlet, 202-primary air inlet, 401-air inlet pipe, 402-vertical pipe, 403-exhaust pipe, 701-smoke/air heat exchanger smoke inlet, 704-smoke/air heat exchanger air inlet, 702-smoke/air inlet, and 703-smoke/air heat exchanger air outlet, 801-turbine air inlet, 802-turbine air outlet, 901-compressor air inlet, 902-compressor air outlet, 101-turbine generator main shaft and 1601-ash outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are to be understood as merely illustrative of the invention and not as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a container type biomass power generation system applicable to islands, which is a circulation loop formed by connecting a fuel bunker 1, an external heat exchanger 16, a pressurized combustion furnace 2, a cyclone separator 4, a flue gas/air heat exchanger 7, a flue gas purifier 15, a turbine 8, a compressor 9, a generator 10 and an inverter 14 in sequence. The top of the fuel bin 1 is sealed when the fuel is not charged, and the fuel outlet 11 is positioned at the bottom of the fuel bin 1 and is connected with a fuel inlet 201 on the side wall of the pressurized combustion furnace 2; the secondary air inlet 205 is arranged above the fuel inlet 201, so that the fuel is more fully combusted, and the primary air inlet 202 is arranged slightly below the fuel inlet, so that the fuel can be conveyed and the pressure in the furnace can be adjusted; the bottom side of the pressure combustion furnace 2 is provided with a slag discharge port 203 for discharging slag, coke and the like with larger particles generated after combustion; the outlet 204 of the upper furnace chamber of the pressurized combustion furnace 2 is communicated with an air inlet pipe 401 at the upper side of the cyclone separator 4, an external heat exchanger 16 is arranged at the bottom end of a vertical pipe 402 of the cyclone separator 4, separated high-temperature ash enters the heat exchanger from the top of the external heat exchanger, and an exhaust pipe 403 is arranged at the top of the cyclone separator 4; the high-temperature flue gas leaving the cyclone separator 4 enters from a flue gas inlet 701 at one end of the flue gas/air heat exchanger 7, and the low-temperature flue gas indirectly exchanging heat with air in the flue gas/air heat exchanger 7 is discharged from a flue gas outlet 702 at the other end; the flue gas outlet 702 of the flue gas/air heat exchanger 7 is communicated with the inlet of the flue gas purifier 15, the flue gas is denitrated and further cooled in the flue gas purifier 15, and the flue gas which reaches the flue gas emission standard is discharged out of the system from the outlet of the flue gas purifier 15; air enters the air compressor 9 from an air inlet 901 of the air compressor 9, the air pressurized by the air compressor 9 is discharged through an air outlet 902 of the air compressor 9, the air enters an air inlet 704 at the bottom side of the flue gas/air heat exchanger 7, in the flue gas/air heat exchanger 7, the pressurized air and high-temperature flue gas reversely flow to enhance the heat exchange effect, the high-temperature air after heat exchange enters an air outlet 703 of the flue gas/air heat exchanger 7, enters the turbine 8 through an air inlet 801 of the turbine 8, the turbine 8 is pushed to rotate and then the generator 10 is driven to generate electricity, the generated electric energy is converted into alternating current through an inverter 14 and is merged into an island microgrid, the air after the turbine does work enters the external heat exchanger 16 through a pipeline to exchange heat with high-temperature ash in the heat exchanger, and the cooled ash leaves the system through an ash outlet 1601 at the bottom of the external heat exchanger, the heated air enters the primary air inlet 202 and the secondary air inlet 205 of the pressure combustion furnace 2, enters the pressure combustion furnace 2, and serves as an oxidizing agent to sufficiently combust the fuel and maintain the internal pressure of the furnace in a stable positive pressure combustion state.
The invention is arranged in a container type, has small floor area, can well adapt to the working environment of islands, can be arranged in carrying equipment, and realizes the characteristic of movably processing biomass to generate electricity.
The following is an illustration of specific embodiments:
the biomass fuel with the size of 30-50mm in a fuel bin enters a pressurized combustion furnace 2, primary air and secondary air bring sufficient air under the appropriate temperature condition, the biomass fuel can be completely combusted, high-temperature flue gas is generated, solid particles in the high-temperature flue gas entering a cyclone separator 4 are separated, the high-temperature flue gas enters an external heat exchanger through a vertical pipe, the rest of the flue gas enters an air/flue gas heat exchanger 7 through an exhaust pipe to exchange heat with air entering through a gas compressor 9, heat in the high-temperature flue gas is transferred to the air, the heated air drives a turbine generator to generate electricity, and electric energy generated in the process is merged into a container type power generation system of a power grid. The system consists of a fuel bin, a pressurized combustion furnace 2, an air separator, a flue gas/air heat exchanger, a heat reservoir, a gas compressor, a turbine, a generator, an inverter and an external heat exchanger; the equipment is arranged in the same container, the compressor 9, the turbine 8 and the generator 10 are coaxially arranged, and the pressure in the pressurized combustion furnace 2 is cooperatively regulated through the compressor 9 and the turbine 8; biomass is combusted in a pressurized combustion furnace, the generated high-temperature flue gas and air are subjected to indirect heat exchange in a flue gas/air heat exchanger, and the heated high-temperature air drives a turbine 8 and drives a generator 10 to generate electricity; the generated electric energy is merged into a power grid through an inverter; the pressurized air discharged from the turbine 8 enters the external heat exchanger 16 to exchange heat with the high-temperature ash separated by the cyclone 4, the air with further increased temperature enters the pressurized combustion furnace 2 to be used as an oxidizing medium for biomass combustion, and the cooled ash is discharged out of the system. The system is in a container type arrangement, occupies small area, can be arranged in a carrying device, realizes the characteristic that the biomass can be treated to generate electricity and generate heat when the system is transported to the island, can move the electricity and heat generating system along with the distribution condition of the island biomass, meets the electricity generating requirement under the conditions of limited island area, uneven biomass distribution and weak ecological environment, and reduces the power supply pressure of the island.
In the operation process, the particle size of the biomass is controlled to be below 30-50mm, the pressure in the pressurizing combustion furnace is cooperatively regulated by the air compressor and the turbine, and the positive pressure combustion of 0.2-0.4 MPa is maintained in the pressurizing combustion furnace, so that the pressurizing combustion furnace has smaller volume and high combustion efficiency, the positive pressure is favorable for more sufficient fuel combustion, and the temperature in the pressurizing combustion furnace is about 1100-1300 ℃; the air compressor pressurizes air from 20-25 ℃ and 0.1MPa to 180-200 ℃ and 0.3-0.5 MPa, the air enters the flue gas/air heat exchanger to indirectly exchange heat with high-temperature flue gas at 800-900 ℃ and 0.11-0.12 MPa, the air at the outlet of the flue gas/air heat exchanger enters the turbine at 400-600 ℃ and 0.2-0.5 MPa, the pressure in the turbine is maintained at 0.2-0.5 MPa, and the rotating speed of a turbine rotor is enabled to operate under the condition of 5000-10000 revolutions, so that the generator is driven to generate electricity; air is led to the external heat exchanger from the outlet of the turbine, heat exchange is carried out between the air and ash residues with the temperature of 750-900 ℃ in the external heat exchanger, and when the air leaves the external heat exchanger and enters the first pressurized combustion furnace and the secondary air inlet, the temperature is 350-400 ℃; the whole occupied area of the system is 80-120 m 2.
The invention is not limited to the above description, and the practical application of the invention is not limited to the above examples, and all changes, modifications, alterations and combinations which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the invention are intended to be protected.
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a can be applied to container formula living beings pressurized combustion power generation system of island which characterized in that: the system is a circulating loop formed by sequentially connecting a fuel bin (1), a pressurized combustion furnace (2), a cyclone separator (4), an external heat exchanger (16), a flue gas/air heat exchanger (7), a flue gas purifier (15), a turbine (8), a gas compressor (9), a generator (10) and an inverter (14); wherein the top of the fuel bin (1) is sealed when no charge is added, the fuel outlet (11) is positioned at the bottom of the fuel bin (1) and is connected with the fuel inlet (201) on the side wall of the pressurized combustion furnace (2), the secondary air inlet (205) is arranged above the fuel inlet (201), the primary air inlet (202) is arranged at a position slightly lower than the fuel inlet (201), the bottom side of the pressurized combustion furnace (2) is provided with a slag discharge port (203), wherein the hearth outlet (204) positioned at the upper side of the pressurized combustion furnace (2) is communicated with the air inlet pipe (401) at the upper side of the cyclone separator (4),
the bottom end of a vertical pipe (402) of the cyclone separator (4) is connected with the top of the external heat exchanger (16), and the top of the cyclone separator (4) is provided with an exhaust pipe (403); high-temperature flue gas leaving the cyclone separator (4) enters from a flue gas inlet (701) at the end part of the flue gas/air heat exchanger (7), low-temperature flue gas indirectly exchanging heat with air in the flue gas/air heat exchanger (7) is discharged from a flue gas outlet (702) at the other end, the flue gas outlet (702) of the flue gas/air heat exchanger (7) is communicated with an inlet of a flue gas purifier (15), wherein an air inlet (901) for air to enter is arranged on the air compressor (9), and an exhaust port (902) is arranged at the top of the air compressor; the exhaust port (902) is communicated with an air inlet (704) at the bottom side of the flue gas/air heat exchanger (7), an air outlet (703) on the flue gas/air heat exchanger (7) is connected with an air inlet (801) on a turbine (8), and an air outlet (802) on the turbine (8) is communicated with an external heat exchanger (16) through a pipeline;
an air outlet at one end of the external heat exchanger (16) is respectively communicated and connected with a primary air inlet (202) and a secondary air inlet (205) on the pressurized combustion furnace (2), and the turbine (8) and the compressor (9) share the same main shaft (101); and are jointly configured with a generator (10) arrangement connection, wherein the generator (10) is connected with an inverter (14) and converts the generated direct current into alternating current and finally is incorporated into the power grid.
2. The container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands-in-sea of claim 1, wherein: wherein the fuel bunker (1), the pressure combustion furnace (2), the cyclone separator (4), the flue gas/air heat exchanger (7), the flue gas purifier (15), the air compressor (9), the turbine (8), the generator (10), the inverter (14) and the external heat exchanger (16) are all arranged in the same container.
3. The container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands-in-sea of claim 1, wherein: the pressure in the pressurized combustion furnace (2) is adjusted by a compressor (9) and a turbine (8) in a coordinated manner; biomass is combusted in a pressurized combustion furnace (2), generated high-temperature flue gas and air pressurized by a gas compressor (9) carry out indirect heat exchange in a flue gas/air heat exchanger (7), low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is denitrated by a flue gas purifier (15) and then is directly discharged into the atmosphere, and the heated high-temperature air drives a turbine (8) and drives a generator (10) to generate electricity; the generated electric energy is converted into alternating current through an inverter (14) and then is merged into the island power grid; the pressurized air discharged by the turbine (8) enters the external heat exchanger (16) and exchanges heat with high-temperature ash separated by the cyclone separator (4), and the cooled ash is discharged out of the system through an ash discharge port (1601) at the bottom of the external heat exchanger.
4. The container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands-in-sea of claim 1, wherein: during operation, the particle size of biomass particles is less than 30-50mm, and the pressure in the pressure combustion furnace (2) is controlled by a compressor (9) and a turbine(8) The positive pressure combustion of 0.2-0.4 MPa is maintained in the furnace through cooperative regulation, so that the volume of the pressurized combustion furnace (2) is smaller, the combustion efficiency is high, the positive pressure is favorable for more sufficient combustion of fuel, and the temperature in the furnace is about 1100-1300 ℃; the air compressor (9) pressurizes air from 20-25 ℃ and 0.1MPa to 180-200 ℃ and 0.3-0.5 MPa, the air enters the flue gas/air heat exchanger (7) to indirectly exchange heat with high-temperature flue gas at 1000-1100 ℃ and 0.11-0.12 MPa, the air at the outlet of the flue gas/air heat exchanger (7) enters the turbine (8) at 400-600 ℃ and 0.2-0.5 MPa, the pressure in the turbine (8) is maintained at 0.2-0.5 MPa, the rotating speed of a turbine rotor is enabled to operate at 5000-10000 revolutions, and the generator (10) is driven to generate electricity; air is led to the external heat exchanger (16) from an outlet of the turbine (8) and exchanges heat with ash slag at the temperature of 750-900 ℃ in the external heat exchanger, and when the air leaves the external heat exchanger (16) and enters a primary air inlet and a secondary air inlet of the pressurized combustion furnace (2), the temperature is 350-400 ℃; the whole occupied area of the system is 80-120 m2。
5. The container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands-in-sea of claim 1, wherein: the cyclone separator (4) separates the solid particles in the flue gas into the flue gas by utilizing centrifugal force, the separated solid particles are discharged into the external heat exchanger (16) through the vertical pipe (402), and urea or ammonia water is adopted as a reducing agent in the flue gas purifier (15).
CN202111437941.8A 2021-06-09 2021-11-30 Container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands Pending CN113882940A (en)

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CN113339130A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-09-03 南京师范大学 Container type biomass pressurized combustion power generation system applicable to islands
CN118149335B (en) * 2024-05-10 2024-07-30 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 Marine fuel cell combined heat, power and cold supply system

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